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LRAARECEAD . 


a _D SILVER and 
meLD SHEFFIELD 
PLATE 


aris Guild of Silversmiths: aaHallmarks, and date letters 
“4 used, of ees all the countries of Continental Europe, 


OUBLEDAY, DORAN & COMPANY, INC. 
RDEN CITY, NEW YORK, 1928 manana 


COPYRIGHT, 1928 
BY DOUBLEDAY, DORAN & COMPANY, INC. 
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 


PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES 
AT THE COUNTRY LIFE PRESS 
GARDEN CITY, N. Y. 


FIRST EDITION 


Arete: LY; 
whose home is in Kentucky, 
but whose duties and responsibilities have 
made her name familiar throughout the United 
States, years ago perceived that in no other 
class of articles of domestic use were com- 
bined utility and great beauty to the degree 
in which those qualities co-exist in the silver 
produced in England during the period that 
began with the accession of George I and 
ended during the Regency in the early Nine- 
teenth Century. Her unerring taste and judg- 
ment, as shown in her own magnificent collec- 
tion, have made many converts to her belief. 
As an inadequate attempt to express the ob- 
ligation we should all feel, and as a tribute 
of personal admiration, 
this volume is respectfully dedicated 
by its author 
to 
ete oA lo Vl N eb edb tle 
of Lexington and Washington. 


FOREWORD 


Tuis book has been written with the single purpose of enabling 
the reader to establish the origin and authenticity of antique 
silver and “Old Sheffield plate.” 

If I have gone rather at length into the history of the silver- 
smith’s art in England and the laws under which he worked, 
it is because I deemed it necessary for the purpose in view. 
Education in the directions indicated is essential to prevent self- 
deception; there is no danger of wilful misrepresentation by a 
reputable dealer. 

It has not been thought necessary to go into the methods em- 
ployed in the production of solid silver. Sheffield plate must, 
however, be approached from a different angle. One who knows 
just how “Old Sheffield” rolled plate was made and will apply 
that knowledge to each piece he examines and will ask and answer 
the question that should always arise: “Was it possible to pro- 
duce this article without the aid of electroplating?’—will never, 
if of average intelligence, mistake electroplate for the older 
product. — 

Dealers are deceived every day. This we must believe in view 
of the fact that a large quantity of electroplate is being marketed 
as “Old Sheffield.”’ If a wider knowledge is possessed by cus- 
tomers, dealers will be compelled to educate themselves. 

Mr. Frederick Bradbury, of Sheffield, has written a book de- 
scribing in the most minute detail every process used in the older 
art and illustrating every method and tool employed. Its writing 
afforded Mr. Bradbury pleasure, no doubt, and certainly he 


vil 


Vill ; FOREWORD 
should feel proud of his work, evidencing as it does infinite labour 
and very great ability. 

But, Macaulay said no one but a commentator ever read all 
_ of Spenser’s “‘ Faérie Queene,’’ and if the seven books of the poem 

had not been destroyed in Ireland, even a commentator would 
have baulked. 

Hence, I have written just enough to show even a non-indus- 
trious reader that the raw material of a maker of Old Sheffield 
corresponding to the sheet of solid silver in the hands of the silver- 
smith or of copper or nickel silver in the hands of the maker of — 
plated ware presents a uniform colour only on the surface and 
never at a cross-section. The copper and silver were not amalga- 
mated. They remained distinct but not separate. Every edge of a 
piece of Sheffield plate must at some time have shown white and 
red, or white and red and white. That edge had to be masked. 
How? Never by electroplating: it had not been invented. 

I have compiled the tables of marks on solid silver in this book 
from publications most of which are not readily available to the 
reading public. The Continental hallmarks (apart from the 
French) have hitherto only appeared in a German publica- 
tion—Rosenberg’s. The French marks are from Boivin’s Les — 
Ancienns Orféevres Frangais, a costly work practically unknown in 
America. — 

It is very important that the collector should be able to identify 
British provincial silver. “Provincial” as used here includes 
Ireland and Scotland. This book contains the name and mark of 
every British and Irish silversmith now known, from the earliest 
times to the middle of the last century. The value of both 
English and American silver often depends very largely 
upon the identity of its maker. For some reason, that is not true 
of silver of Continental origin unless we hark back to the days of 
Benvenuto Cellini. It has seemed well, therefore, to give hall- 


FOREWORD ix 


marks only of the European countries other than the British 
Isles 

Our knowledge of early American silversmiths, incomplete as 
it is, seems almost static. Some few years ago, the Walpole 
Society published a book containing the names of a number of 
silversmiths of the Colonies. Copies are infrequently offered at 
book sales and bring large prices. My friend Colonel Charles 
Rynesson has given me what we believe to be the only existing 
copy of the book his late father, Mr. P. A. Rynesson, privately 
published. It contains data concerning some hundreds of silver- 
smiths not mentioned in the Walpole Society book. Mr. Stephen 
G.C. Ensko has also published a book containing many names and 


c¢ 


marks of old and comparatively modern “silversmiths” of this 
country. No doubt many of his “silversmiths” were only dealers 
—a fault with which this work also may be charged and for which 
a reason is given in the proper place. The curious reader will 
find many very valuable biographical notes in Mr. Ensko’s 
book, and I am indebted to it and to the book of American Church 
Silver (a wonderfully accurate work) for much information I have 
used in these pages. 

That paragon of American collectors, Judge Alphonso T. 
Clearwater, and Mr. Henry Davis Sleeper, who generously pre- 
sented his collection of Paul Revere Silver to the Boston Museum 
of Fine Arts, have given me authoritative decisions as to the 
distinctions between the marks of the Reveres, father and son. 

By following the British and Irish date letters as given by the 
late Sir Charles Jackson, I have avoided the mistakes made by 

Chaffers and Cripps and copied by American authors. 


Howarp PItTcHER OKIE 


Washington, D. C. 
March 1, 1928. 


CHAPTER 


I. 


If. 
Ill. 


CONTENTS 


Oxtp ENGLISH SILVER . 


FRAUDS AND TRANSFORMATIONS 


MarkKS 


on Lonpon PLATE 


Makers’ Marks on Lonpon PLATE 


Marks 


Marks 
Marks 
Marks 
Marks 
Marks 
Marks 
Marks 


MarkKs 


on YORK PLATE. 

on Norwicu PLate 

on EXETER PLATE 

on NEWCASTLE PLATE . 
on CHESTER PLATE . 
on BIRMINGHAM PLATE 
ON SHEFFIELD SILVER 


on LINCOLN PLATE . 


or THE Minor ENGLISH GUILDS . 


UnASCRIBED BritisH Marks 


MarkKs 


on EDINBURGH PLATE . 


Marks on GLASGOW PLATE 


Marks: or THE Minor ScotcH GUILDS 


UnASCRIBED ScotcH MARKS 


Marks ON DUBLIN PLATE 


XI 


IgI 


Xl CONTENDS 


CHAPTER PAGE 
XX. Marks on Cork PLATE. . 3. pe 
XXI. Marks or THE Minor IrisH GuiItps . . 208 


InDEx To THE Marks oF ENGLISH, SCOTCH, 


AND IRIisH SILVERSMITHS .... 9: /@eeceeeueeee 

XXII; Earry AMERICAN SILVER” 3 2 3 30) ee 
XXIII. American SILVERSMITHS AND THEIR MARKS 239 
XXIV. Op Frencw SILVER .. 9. 4 
XXV. Marks on Paris PLATE ~~. 2 

X XVI. Marks on FREncH ProvinciAL PLATE . . 308 
XXVII. Marks on GERMAN PLATE. 2-09 ee 
XXVIII. Marks on OTHER CONTINENTAL PLATE . . 355 
XXIX. Op SHEFFIELD PLATE +.) 9. 
XXX. SuerrreLD PLaTers AND THEIR Marks . . 400 


GENERAL INDEX  . «0 = 6) #6 8s =) 


LIST OF FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS 


: A Pair of Platter Covers by Paul Lamerie, 
Meeioenion, i729... . ... . +: . « Hrontispiece 


| Early Maeisieopoons .  . LY 6s ie oe % 
Mies. 
: vo Examples of Bena OTiIatiOliSs* ie oe YTS 
London Silver of the Reign of George IT . . . . . 74 

| A Coffee Urn Made in London in 1765 a Parker & 
ee Jab ov aie a age Fe 

An paris George III Epergne. Made "Y Thomas Powell, 
oe London, Mt ie ee ois. ois Bee hee ick Sa ee Loe 
v1 ia Silver of the Period 1755-1765. . . . . =. « 194 
a ‘Spout-Cup by John Coney (Boston, hGs Cig 22 ay te e298 


; Old Sheffield Tray Showing the Silver Inset Plate . 390 
| Sheffield Rolled Plate of the Later (Florid) Period . 394 
a amples of French Sheffield of the Empire Period . . 398 


LD SHEFFIELD PLATE 


Re; ¢ a) Pe 
7 


a 


Cl Aer Re 


Old English Silver 
& + <ROM the year 1300, it has been compulsory in England 


$e E to have an official mark impressed upon silverware be- 
% + fore offering it for sale. In that year, a statute of 
Edward I provided that “no manner of vessel of silver depart out 
of the hand of the workers until it be essayed [sic] by the wardens 
of the craft and further that it be marked with a leopard’s head.” 
To receive that mark it must be of “‘esterling allay [szc].” From 
this one would gather that the belief that the word “sterling” 
was derived from the name of a North German tribe, the Ester- 
lings, who were noted for the uniform fineness of their silver 
coins, is based upon fact. Sixty years later, it was provided that 
the goldsmith or silversmith should have a “mark by himself.” In 
neither of these enactments is there any mention of the lion pas- 
sant which later was to be the sterling mark of every assay office 
in England, though the use of the leopard’s head was, with certain 
exceptions, shown in the tables of marks, restricted to articles 
made in London. 

We learn, however, from an indictment of the attorney general 
that in 1597 “Her Majesty’s lion” had a legal status as a mark 
of sterling silver. Though that is the earliest mention of the lion 
in legal history, it is found on silver with the date letters for 
- 1543, and Sir Charles Jackson says it was never absent “‘after 
1545,” a palpable error of Sir Charles, who, no doubt, intended 
- that his statement apply only to silver produced in London. 


In the earlier days, symbols, not letters, were employed by 
ete 


2 Old English Silver 


the English silversmiths to identify their work. In 1515, we find — 
apostle spoons with a “radiant” (fringed) letter S, and in 1545 
we find a monogram. Late in the reign of Elizabeth, we find an 
initial employed with increasing frequency, and toward the end 
of that reign the silversmith usually used the initials of both his 
Christian and his surname. This practice continued until 1697, 
when the statute changing the standard of silver was passed. 
This act, which raised the standard of silverware above that of 
the coinage, was designed to prevent the absorption of the silver 
money in the arts. It provided that the fineness of the silver 
employed must be 11 ounces, 10 pennyweights to the pound 
Troy (12 oz.) instead of 11 ounces, 2 pennyweights (.925) the 
sterling standard. It took more than twenty years for the law- 
makers to discover that their enactment was futile, as the silver- 
smith could meet the new requirement by simply adding a little 
pure silver to his melting coins. While the new standard was com- 
pulsory, silver was marked in a distinctive way. John Cox no 
longer marked his silver J. C.: he must use the first two letters of 
his surname—Co. The lion passant was superseded by the lion 
erased (the head and neck only of the lion), and the leopard’s 
head was replaced by the figure of Britannia enthroned. In 1720, 
the old standard and the old system of marking came again into 
use through the repeal of the statute of 1697, but the maker could, 
if he wished, continue to use the higher standard, in which case 
the Britannia hall marks would be affixed, though he could no 
longer mark his wares with the commencing letters of his sur- 
name. He must use his initials, unless it was that, prior to 1697, 
he used some other mark (a single initial), in which case he was, 
for a short period, allowed to use his old mark. I revert to this 
subject in more detail hereafter. | : 
The art of silversmithing doubtless came into England through 
the development of Christian monastic institutions. There is no 


3 Old English Silver 3 


evidence of the art having been established in the British Isles 
during the four centuries of Roman occupation, though the cloth 
of Britain became famous ‘during that period. 

Prior to the Norman Conquest, the work seems to have been con- 
fined to the churches. The patron saint of English goldsmiths was 
the monk Dunstan, who lived in the Tenth Century. He became 
an archbishop and the chief counsellor of the Saxon king, Edgar. 

With the advent of William the Conqueror, it would seem rea- 
sonable to suppose that a higher standard of living was brought 
into England and that the invading nobility would bring with 
them silver and gold utensils. If they did so, none of them sur- 
vived the vicissitudes of the intervening centuries. Up to the time 
af Henry VIII, practically all specimens of the silversmith’s craft 
were in the possession of ecclesiastical bodies. 

It is true that, as early as 1238, in the reign of Henry III, an 
ordinance was passed that shows that goldsmiths were then 
recognized as a body, but it would seem that only a negligible 
amount of their output went into the hands of other than the 
Church and royalty. The reason for that 1s found in the fact that 
there was very little raw material in England. Silver has never 
been found there in the earth in its “free”? form, and the small 
amount that was locked up in refractory ores, such as galena, 
was unavailable because of the ignorance of any method of sepa- 
rating the precious metal from its base associates. 

Henry VII is reported to have died possessed of £1,800,000 
in gold and silver, but that monarch’s system of appropriating 
his subjects’ money under the name of “benevolences’’ was so 
thorough that it 1s more than likely that his possessions repre- 
sented the bulk of all the money in England. His successor, 
Henry VIII, died almost penniless, and probably for that reason 
we do find a few silver articles of domestic use that were made 
during the reign of that monarch. 


4 Old English Silver 


ucite the reign of Henry VIII the silver currency was so 
debased that the coinage contained little more than a fourth 
of its proper content; in other words, it contained about 25 per 
cent. of silver compared to 92} per cent., which was the sterling 
standard. Yet at no time, from the commencement of the legal 
regulations of the manufacture of silver plate, was it lawful to 
make silver wares of less than the sterling standard. 

When we remember that in the reigns of Henry VIII and 
Edward VI the silversmiths found their only source of raw ma- 
terial in this debased coinage and the very large purchasing 
power of that currency, we can understand the scarcity of “Tu- 
dor” silver. The reason that, prior to the disestablishment acts 
of Henry VIII, ecclesiastical institutions (colleges fall within — 
this group) monopolized the ownership of silver is found in the 
relationship of local monastic institutions to the gentry of their 
neighbourhoods. If the wealth of a rich English subject were not 
taken from him’by the Sovereign during his life, it would be apt — 
to pass to the Church upon the owner’s death. The terrors of hell 
were very real, and priestly intervention alone stood between the 
dying and eternal torments. 

There was an amusing conflict between the individual and 
collective belief. The former deemed it the part of wisdom to give 
all that he had to save his soul. His neighbours deprecated his 
action, though, as individuals, each would do the same. Various 
statutes of “mortmain,” commencing in the reign of Henry III, 
were intended to cope with this situation, but none, save the 
last—that of Henry VIII—was effective. 

The idea of the confiscation of church wealth did not originate 
with Henry VIII; it had often been proposed before, not by 
kings or their ministers, but by the people. Such a measure nearly 
succeeded in the reign of Richard II. The King at first favoured 
the measure, but withdrew his support under threats from Rome. 


Old English Silver 5 


It is to be noted that the oldest hall-marked piece is an ec- 
clesiastical piece, and it ts doubtful if any piece of silver that 
could be properly termed a domestic article could be found with 
an earlier date than 1515, although a few apostle spoons have 
come to light that were made toward the end of the Fifteenth 
Century. Corpus Christi College, Oxford, has a covered silver cup 
that was presented to Catherine of Aragon by her loving husband 
eas 15-1 516. 

It is doubtful if we can explain the scarcity of even church 
silver in the pre-Elizabethan period of English history by stat- 
ing that the monasteries had been depleted of their silver by 
Henry VIII. 

The probabilities are that there was very little silver of any 
kind in England until the days of Drake and Hawkins, who, with 
their fellow buccaneers, encouraged the movement of silver from 
the newly discovered Western world to the British Isles. 

The capture of silver-laden Spanish ships, not only while they 
were en route from Mexico, South America, and the West Indies, 
but of ships in the English Channel which were taking supplies 
from Spain to Holland during the reign of Elizabeth, inaugurated 
an entirely new era. Silver domestic articles were still far from 
common, yet we are told by the Reverend William Harrison, who 
wrote The Description of England as it fell under his observation - 
from 1577 to 1587, that rather late in the reign of Elizabeth 
certain noble families sat at table with as much as two thousand 
pounds’ value of plate spread before them. 

The coinage was restored to its legal standard early in the reign 
of Elizabeth. Apart from the fact that this was evidence of an 
increased supply of silver within the realm, the fact itself would 
stimulate the industries of the silversmith. 

After the apostle spoons, we find with increasing frequency 
during the Sixteenth Century spoons more clearly intended for 


6 : Old English § ilver 


domestic use. They have fig-shaped bowls, with four-corner — 
columnar baluster stems, and terminate in a knob which could 
be used as a seal. The knobs, or finials, are circular or hexagonal. 

So-called ‘“‘rose water” bowls appear at the beginning of the 
Sixteenth Century, but their original purpose is not clear. At the 


same time we find tall pedestal salts. They are grand affairs for 


colleges and the rich “livery” corporations of London. We find a 
few Elizabethan salts, evidently intended for domestic use. They 
are oblong, troughlike affairs, something of the shape of the - 
trencher salts made three centuries later, except that they are 
without pedestals. They are very rare. 

During the Sixteenth Century, much church silver was made: 
patens, communion cups, chalices, and tazzas (small saucers or 
flat cups with handles and mounted on a stem and base). 

The first rat-tail spoon we find bears the mark of 1674. It had 
a flat stem and a trifid end, i.e., an end divided into three sec- 
tions like a fragment of a love leaf. | 

We find an English three-prong fork—only one—made in 1678. 
Silver snuffers appear at this time. Tankards, all of silver, had be- 
come common in the reign of Charles II, and late in the reign of 
that monarch toilet sets and toilet boxes were introduced, no 
doubt a French innovation. 

Some two hundred years before, horn beakers had been made 
with silver bands. That form was preserved in the silver mugs and 
tankards of a later period, which were ornamented with silver 
bands, reminders, like the back buttons on a rosie coat, of a 
period when they were of practical use. 3 

In 1683, we find a large oval silver dish, no doubt intended for 
use upon the table, and about this time silver dinner plates crept 
into use. There are two in London, dated 1687. In the reign of 
Queen Anne, and during’ all the subsequent years, they were 
common. The author knows of but two or three tea kettles with 


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SNOOdS HSITIONH ATYVA 


SasayoyH yxQ ays fo Ksaunory 


Tf 


a 


Old English Silver a 


stands and spirit lamps, made as early as the reign of Queen Anne. 
One sold in America recently for $5,500. This seems to be a fair 
price, as the writer saw one in Scotland at about the same time, 
_upon which a trade price of £700 had been set. Tea and coffee 
pots became common in the reign of Queen Anne. Porringers 
and caudle cups came on the scene in Elizabethan times, and 
those of the early Eighteenth Century are very common. The 
fashion of making complete tea or coffee services seems to have 
occurred to American silversmiths rather earlier than it did to the 
English members of that craft. I have never seen a complete three- 
piece tea set of the same make and date letter and of British 
origin that was earlier than 1790, and with one exception com- 
plete tea and coffee sets seem not to have been made in England 
before the early years of the Nineteenth Century. The idea of 
making tea kettles to match the tea sets is a Victorian one. The 
exception is an authentic three-piece tea set of the time of Queen 
Anne (1702-1714) sold recently at Christie’s in London. No 
doubt it expressed the idea of a silversmith or customer who 
failed to create a fashion. No other instance is known to the 
writer. Replicas of the Queen Anne set are now manufactured 
and sold. 

The source of privately owned silver must have been consider- 
ably augmented during the reigns of James I and Charles I. 
Much of this, however, was destroyed during the Civil War, and 
it seems that, during the Commonwealth, the production of 
articles of luxury was discouraged. With the inauguration of 
Charles II, the trade of the silversmith and goldsmith revived 
and has flourished ever since. In 1697, there must have been 
three hundred master silversmiths in London alone, and when 
one considers that each silversmith employed a number of helpers 
and apprentices, we can understand that there must have been 
an enormous output of silverware. 


8 Old English Silver 


In ihe reign of Queen Anne, silver domestic utensils were in 
common use, but, from an artistic standpoint, the silver of the 
period of that queen leaves much to be desired. We hear much 
praise of the simplicity of “Queen Anne” silver, but it is an un- 
thinking chorus and rests on no more solid foundation than the 
admiration expressed for the writings of Laurence Sterne. The 
candlesticks gave promise of beauty, but they were so small that 
they lacked dignity and impressiveness. 


In 1697, William Hogarth was born. It is known that, in 1720, 
after having been apprenticed to an English silversmith, he was 
engaged in engraving silver plate. He became a very famous 
artist, but it is certain that he never lost touch with the trade 
with which his youth had been identified. In fact, we know that he 
designed many pieces for London silversmiths. 

In 1745, Hogarth painted that admirable portrait of himself 
with his dog Trump which is now in the National Gallery in 
London. In a corner of this he had drawn on a palette a serpentine 
curve with the words “The Line of Beauty.” This was merely a 
tangible expression of the hitherto undisclosed influence that 
Hogarth had imposed upon the designers of the preceding 
twenty years and which was to continue until the Adam 
Brothers, with their meretricious neoclassicism, captured the 
public fancy. 

During the Hogarthian period—1720-1760—the most ex- 
quisite silver the world has ever seen was produced, and in enor- 
mous quantities. The geometric figures with straight lines and 
acute angles of the Queen Anne period gave way to beautiful 
curved outlines with simple but graceful ornamentation, with 
none of the stereotyped features that marked the succeeding 
“Adam” period. | i 

Of course, Hogarth alone could not have brought about this 


Old English Silver 9 
revolution. It was a happy coincidence that there were many 
talented and artistic craftsmen in London who were his contem- 
poraries. Some of these were of French Huguenot birth or origin 
and brought to their trade a refinement that was tempered and 
strengthened by rugged and less artistic styles than prevailed be- 
fore this period. An outstanding example is supplied by Paul 
Lamerie, who worked during the reign of Queen Anne, George I, 
and George II. He produced pieces of wonderful beauty. He also 
produced some very ugly pieces. This part of his output may be 
explained by the fact that he no doubt had mandatory com- 
missions to reproduce silver of the same type as that owned by his 
patrons’ forbears. 

Much silver bearing Paul Lamerie’s mark is now on the market, 
and all, beautiful and ugly alike, brings high prices. 

Ayme Videau was another great silversmith who was also a 
great artist. William Fawdery, Robert Abercrombie, and Peter 
Archambo are names distinguished in the reigns of George I and 
George II. 

The rat-tail spoon, which had originated in the reign of James 
II and went out of fashion in the reign of Anne, was again made 
in 1750, and these spoons are commonly found bearing the date 
letters for the latter half of the Eighteenth Century. Because of 
a present demand for them, a large number of authentic spoons 
of the period of George II and early George III are now having 
tails added to them by clever English artificers. The cost to the 
antique dealer for each additional caudal appendage is only about 
three shillings. 

Early in the Nineteenth Century, the people of England were 
obsessed with the desire to encrust every piece of silver they could 
find with excessive ornamentation. It happened that even during 
the reign of Queen Anne some beautiful, straight-sided coffee pots 
were produced. There was also produced at the same time a much 


10 | Old English Silver 


greater number of ugly hexagonal and even octagonal coffee pots. — 
The beauty of the former lay in the fact that they presented an 
unbroken curved surface. Those that survived to the period 
1807-1815 were seized upon almost without exception and marred 
by decoration. This decoration: was so indiscriminately applied — 
that in many cases the hall marks, if they were on the side of the 
vessel, were wholly or partly obliterated. The ugly, angular pieces 
did not lend themselves to this treatment and have survived, | 
untouched. A straight-sided George I coffee pot standing eleven 
inches high, if in its original condition, is worth in the neighbour- 
hood of $500. When “re-chased,” they sell in the London auction 
rooms for about one fifth of this sum. The collector must not jump 
to the conclusion that every piece of silver the hall marks of 
which have been partially obliterated by chasing 1s an example 
of ornamentation put on, out of period. It was quite common for 
silversmiths to send their work to the “hall” to be marked and 
then chase it afterward. | | | 

There is no nicer criterion of a collector’s skill than his ability 
to determine accurately whether or not the ornamentation upon 
a piece of English silver is contemporary with its birth. 

In the year 1300 a statute was enacted which provided that no 
gold or silver should be sold until it had been assayed by persons 
duly authorized so to do. Such assay was to be evidenced by im- 
pressing upon the article tested a leopard’s head. Threescore 
years later, it was provided by another statute that each gold- 
smith should have “a mark by himself, which mark shall be 
known by them assigned by the King to certify their work.” 
This law also provided that the silversmith should not put his 
mark upon his goods until after they had been examined by the 
proper officials. This feature was found to be attended with in- 
convenience, and although I have been unable to find a statute 
that abrogated the one last quoted, we know that in 1583 the 


“SUIIWISIAATIS YSI]Suyy Jwos 9Y} JO 4Sa3¥] 
1101S [Nvg JO YOM 9Y} Jo sojduiexa 918 SSYSIP P21aAod 9y T, ‘gOLI Ul SPBUT SYM jo] JY} JB UMOYS dno a[pned sy, 


YHA TS HSTIONY dIO 


SaiLayjoy) ayQ) ayi fo &Saj4noy) 


Old English Silver II 


workman affixed his mark 4efore sending it to the assayer’s office, 
and that custom prevails in Great Britain to-day. 

_ The fashion of denoting the year of manufacture by impressing 
a date letter, to be determined by the authorities, was probably 
inaugurated in the reign of Edward IV, and we find that the oldest 
“hall-marked” English silver pieces are a chalice paten bearing 
the marks of a leopard’s head, the date letter “B,” and maker’s 
mark. It has now been determined that that date letter denoted 
the assay year 1479-1480. As the assay years have from the earli- 
est time commenced in the month of May in each year, it is 
always necessary to employ figures representing two years in 
order to designate any particular twelve months represented by 
a date letter. Up to 1544, the leopard’s head served a dual purpose. 
It certified that the article was silver of a certain standard and 
that it was made in London. In that year, the lion passant was 
employed as a stamp for silver of standard (.925) fineness, and 
thereafter the leopard’s head only designated the place of origin. 

The use of the lion as a sterling mark was not restricted to 
London, but for a long period of time, though used in various 
parts of England, its employment was not universal. Nor was the 
leopard’s head restricted to London, but when employed else- 
where was accompanied by the distinctive mark of the local 
assay office so that no confusion would ensue. 

It is unnecessary now to go into greater particulars, as the 
reader can get detailed information upon this point by the pe- 
rusal of the tables of date letters. 


CHAPTER II 
Frauds and Transformations 


& & HE collector of Old English silver is confronted with 
sie ce & two perils: 1. He may purchase a “dud” with forged hall 
ge % + marks or a “transformation,” a term employed to desig- 
nate an altered genuine piece of silver in which the metamorphosis 
has been concealed; or (2) he may reject a perfectly good piece 


from an excess of caution or unhealthy suspicion. The latter is the 


more common error. 

If he adopts the rule never to purchase an unauthenticated 
piece in which the “antiquity” is the preponderating element of 
value (i.e., apostle spoons, Elizabethan or Tudor silver), the 
first danger disappears. The truth of this proposition 1s apparent 
upon brief consideration. A forger will starve if he adds a hundred 
dollars’ worth of labour to fifty dollars’ worth of silver and sells 
the finished product for seventy-five dollars. Should he be guilty 
of this folly, the purchaser will have secured an article worth 
more than he paid. A corollary to this proposition is that Geor- 


gian marks are not forged for the same reason that a bricklayer 


will not work for five dollars a day when he can get twelve. It is 
easier to put a credible Charles I mark on a piece of silver than 
to represent the period of George II, and the Stuart piece would, 
if genuine, be worth six times as much as the one made a century 
later. I say “easier” because the later records of Goldsmiths’ 
Hall are more complete than the earlier ones. 

Like most rules, this has exceptions arising from peculiar 


conditions. Paul Lamerie worked in the reigns of the first two 
12 


Oe ee a re 


Frauds and Transformations 13 


Georges. Authentic pieces by this great silversmith bring such 
high prices that a forger may be tempted to imitate his mark. 
Fortunately, the skill required to reproduce the beauty of that 
master’s work as shown in his best pieces is so rare that hitherto 
the mark alone has been successfully copied and only the inex- 
perienced have been deceived. 

A year or so ago, there arose an inexplicable demand for skew- 
ers. The price for genuine ones—even those made as late as 
1790—rose from $1.25 an ounce to $5.50. Little silver and no 
skill were required for their production. Thousands of fakes were 
turned out. I received a consignment of two dozen all bearing the 
mark of the same maker and the date letter of one year, 1797. 
My consignor had been tricked. I sent them back. The purchaser 
who followed the rule I have laid down, “Do not pay more than 
the intrinsic value for an unpedigreed article,” would have been 
amply safeguarded. 

A short time ago, the tremendous demand for silver place plates 
and their consequent scarcity prompted a forger to make a large 
number of them bearing the mark of Paul Storr, a prominent 
London silversmith who commenced his labours in the last 
decade of the Eighteenth Century and lived into Victorian times 
—or nearly so. His work is much sought and commands high 
prices. Some of the forged plates were sold to an American dealer, 
who became suspicious and took them to Goldsmiths’ Hall, where 
they were pronounced spurious and the forged marks defaced. 
If a Queen Anne mark had been counterfeited, the selling price 
could have been doubled and the “Hall” might, probably would, 
have refused to stamp them as forgeries. The records of the guild 
are perfect for 1807; for the period a century earlier, their ar- 
chives are not so complete. The marks of many makers of that 
period who undoubtedly were duly registered are missing from 
the records as they survive to-day. 


14 Frauds and Transformations 


“Transformations” are taken from the rule regarding fakes with 
forged marks for the reason that fraud is not necessarily connected 
with their birth. Frequently, the transformation is effected with 


innocent motives. One may own a silver tureen lining bearing 


the mark of a famous maker and not have the tureen in which it 
was intended to rest. A silver base is made and attached, and a 
beautiful centrepiece is evolved from a piece of metal which, 
because of its shape, would not retain an upright position upon 
the table. The hall marks and maker’s mark are still plainly visible 
when the reconstructed piece is viewed from below, and, if the 
owner parted with it, a purchaser might think that he had 
acquired an original piece. 

The foregoing is an example of a “domestic 
tion.” The commercial transformations are common enough; 
desk sets from unfashionable cruet stands and salad servers from 


99 66 


transforma- 


large spoons are examples most frequently seen. 

Many hundreds of pairs of “salad servers” bearing authentic 
marks of the George III period are sold in this country. Origi- 
nally, they were serving spoons; their bowls have been elongated 
and prongs cut in one of the pair. They are sold for utility pur- 
poses and not as cabinet specimens. They are imported in such 
numbers that the price for which they are sold is little if any more 
than the cost would be for modern articles of corresponding weight 
and they are hand-wrought silver, antique, and admirably 
adapted to their new purposes. It is very doubtful if salad servers 
as we identify them were known in Georgian times. Forks of all 


kinds were scarce. Their purpose seems not to have been under- 


stood either in England or her colonies until we had well ad- 
vanced into the Nineteenth Century. It is true that Queen 
Elizabeth used them (or exhibited them). They were exotic 
then; of Italian origin. It is also true that we occasionally come 
across sets rather late in the Eighteenth Century; one set was 


SO yp A lr a re 


Frauds and Transformations 15 


found in Norfolk bearing Queen Anne marks, and the author has 
seen one or two sold in London auction rooms of that early period. 
Yet the outstanding fact is that whereas now the average house- 
hold has about as many forks as spoons of modern make, we are 
offered a thousand Eighteenth Century spoons to one fork of the 
same period. Political history of the United States teaches us that 
when John Adams represented this country at Versailles, he and 
his wife Abigail (the most “advanced” woman of her day) were 
struck with the cleanliness and utility of the use of forks at the 
table. When Adams returned to the new republic, he brought 
forks with him and put them upon his table when guests were en- 
tertained as well as when he dined alone. This imprudence nearly 
cost him the presidency. It was first whispered by his friends and 
then shouted by his enemies that he had abandoned the ways of 
democracy. 

There is a glut of Georgian spoons; the creation of “salad 
servers” is helping to reduce the surplus. 

Recently writers have exaggerated the dangers in purchasing 
English silver. Do not believe that “if one is offered by a dealer 
an antique silver piece much below the current price, it may be an 
indication that something is wrong.” It may be that the dealer 
is unwise or “hard up.” The low price rather tends to negative 
any presumption of fraud, as it eliminates motive, always a 
principal factor in wrongdoing. My advice is to buy at once if 
the price is less than it would cost to produce the article and if 
the article be one that is desirable if genuine. The matter of 
provenance can be settled afterward. If you must trust your 
dealer, you should remember that ability is much more import- 
ant than honesty. Crime is always a mistake, but dishonest per- 
sons are not always fools. A roguish dealer usually realizes that to 
stay in business he must “ride straight,” but there is no protec- 
tion from a fool. A short time ago, a dealer in London offered me 


16 Frauds and Transformations 


a Queen Anne porringer for £3. I promptly bought and paid for 
it and then asked why it was so cheap. He said “because it is 
not marked.” It had been made by John Porter, London, 1703. 
The marks were plain but in an obscure position. 

A recent book on this subject warns us: “‘ Articles made since 
the time of Elizabeth, with only a maker’s mark, should be 
avoided, although the unscrupulous dealer will show you in some 
book of reference that it is the mark of a celebrated silversmith.” 
So will the scrupulous dealer. Nothing is more certain than that 
the piece is not fraudulent if so marked. My advice is to buy it if 
the price is low, measured by the intrinsic worth of the article. 
It may be “Early American’’! No forger would bother making a 
piece that he could not sell except without profit. The penalty for 
simply copying the dealer’s mark and marketing a piece so marked 
was death, if we hark back to even so late a date as 1820. At 
the present time, obtaining money by means of “‘false token” 
is still a felony and is punishable with a long term of penal 
servitude. That the forgers of hall marks and makers’ marks were 
prosecuted as violators of the statutes regulating the marking of 
silver instead of proceeding under the common law of England, 
is an instance of the tendency of the crown prosecutors to avoid 
proceedings that would if successful result in the infliction of 
barbarous penalties. When death was the punishment of crimes 
now regarded as trivial, judges and prosecutors alike sought to 
make its infliction as infrequent as possible. Hence the myriad 
of “technicalities” which a defendant could once invoke, now 
swept away as the treatment of convicted criminals has be- 
come more consonant with an enlightened age. 


The absence of the hall marks on an English piece marked only © 


with the maker’s punch has two or three reasonable explanations. 
One is illustrated thus: A tray is shown to me in Washington by 
a travelling salesman. It bears the mark of Richard Rugg. Rugg 


eS et oly a ons Fok) 


Frauds and Transformations 17 


was a silversmith of the latter half of the Eighteenth Century, in 
London. I have had many of his trays; he made little else. This 
tray bore his mark in three places. It was indubitably a piece of 
Rugg’s handiwork and of the period indicated by his name. 
Since Elizabethan times, the maker’s mark is punched before 
taking it to Goldsmiths’ Hall. In this case, Rugg had made a 
trifling error in his alloy, in excess of the legally allowable varia- 
tion, and the “Hall’’ had refused to mark it. It was still a per- 
fectly good tray for the Rugg family. Perhaps Rugg differed from 
the conclusions of the authorities and added two more punches to 
emphasize that fact and put the tray in use. A century and a half 
later, the tray reached America. The other explanation applies 
with more force to articles made after 1784 (when the tax upon 
silver ware was introduced) and intended for export. Hall marks 
meant so little to our ancestors in this country that Low, Ball & 
Company (Boston, circa 1810), who were the largest importers of 
English silver of their time, found it necessary to stamp “Coin 
silver,’ “Guaranteed by Low, Ball & Company,” upon fully 
hall-marked pieces of silver, made by such well-known makers 
as the firm of Chawner, Ely & Fearn of London. The author be- 
lieves that one reason for the large number of pieces attributed 
to unknown American makers is found here. Pieces made for 
export were unmarked and, consequently, untaxed. 

When one considers that there was a market in America in 
Colonial and early post-Colonial times for the products of English 
silversmiths, and that taxes could be evaded without diminishing 
the sales value of the goods by exporting them without official 
stamping (a drawback, for tax paid on goods subsequently ex- 
ported could be successfully claimed, but its collection involved a 
good deal of trouble), and that such action was lawful, 1t would 
seem advisable to look through the lists of British marks wherever 
American identification cannot be made and the mark consists 


18 Frauds and T; ransformations 


of only two initials framed (cartouche, circle, rectangle, oval, etc.). 
Writing upon this subject, Sir Charles Jackson says: 


From 1597 until 1675 there appears very little of interest to relate concern- 
ing the London Goldsmiths’ Company. There is not much evidence of any 
efforts having been made to enforce the old-time laws and ordinances with 
references to the obligation to submit all gold and silver wares to their assayer’s 
“touch”, and it seems probable that a large number of goldsmiths in London 
and the provinces . . . sold wrought plate without being assayed or marked, 
other than with their own stamp. | 


To pass intelligently pieces purporting or represented to be of 
early English origin, it is necessary to have a general knowledge 
of all British provincial as well as the London marks. 

Many beautiful and very valuable pieces of British silver have 
neither the leopard’s head nor the lion to identify them. You | 
may come across a spoon marked on the shaft only with a scallop 
shell and the letters IA, AA, or RS, or with the shell alone. It 
will have been made in Poole, a town in Dorset, England, circa 
1540, 1560, 1580, or 1620. It is well not to remember dates, but 
one should know the shell mark and that it was not used after 
the reign of James I (1625). 

Sixteenth Century silver of the finest quality was produced in 
Norwich; and York had an assay office and Goldsmiths’ Guild in 
1563. The earliest known Norwich piece is a communion cup of 
1590. It is marked with a castle with a lion beneath, both in the 
same shield, and a sea gull also in a shield. The lion designating 
sterling was not used there until 1610. 

Some time ago, the writer purchased—not as an antique—a 
very well-made covered silver tankard of Queen Anne design and 
bearing on its base the lion erased, figure of Britannia, and the — 
date letter for 1697. The maker’s mark was Rc. A hopeless com- 
bination of letters if intended to represent the beginning of a 
surname. The piece was a continental forgery, probably Dutch. 


‘uontsod yey} ul Wt ,Yyound,, 0} ayqissodu AyjeoisAyd 
udeq dAvy PlNOm I] ‘QA00IS 9Y} JO dAIND 3y} uodn Ayjensed sivodde mou 31 faovjins vy ve uodn paoeid AyyeumSt3o sem Jaqjv{d ev sem JeyM UO 
ylvuy[ey oy, Jou sav Ady} fpoyseuyey aq [ye ‘oulnuas jr “pynom 32a} puv ssiaynus ‘yousatpuvs ‘sdoq ‘srapjoy-ay3j0q ‘jret ayy, “Woy Jussoid $31 
OJUI FT aYVUT YIUISJaAqTIS sty pey ajodjeaq sovsopy “PHL “uopuoyT “ia[puey poy Aq ope taq3e]d urd e Ay[euisiso “Iooy 40 aseq 94} SI J9S-ysep 
ay} jo yaed [eursiio AjUO sy], “3 uodn yivul $s. Jayvul v Jo aduasqe ayi Aq UMOYS sv JUBWIAD¥/daI B SI a]puFY 2x4], “Peppe UOIJe1ODap pu nods 
24} pur 3no _ paljaq,, useq sey yaed samoy s3y  “gOLt ‘uopuo’y ul JuadUIA Prempy Aq ape ..UvD,, JO prByUR. [[eI we AT[PUISIIO sem rayouid ay TL, 


“ 


« SNOLLVNUOASNVUL,, LO SHIdINVXH OML 


Sarsayjoy argc ay? fo Ksasnoy 


Frauds and Transformations Ig 


If the fabricator had used R followed by a vowel or the letter h 
the fraud might have gone undiscovered. 

Though the average intelligence of the successful dealer in 
antiques is high, many, unfortunately, have not the mental 
equipment and training necessary for the acquisition of a broad 
general knowledge so essential to sound deduction from visible 
facts. The average professional man, even without practical ex- 
perience, would devote more time and thought to the provenance 
of a piece of silver and reach a sounder conclusion. 

“This is a box for postage stamps; it is over a hundred and 
fifty years old!” The speaker made his living buying and selling 


cc 


antiques and sold his “expert” testimony. The hall-mark date 


cc 


was 1907, and everyone but an “expert” knows that adhesive 
Stamps were first used in 1840. 

A church bazaar sent one of their donations, a transparent 
green stone, to a pawnbroker for classification and appraisal. He 
had carried on the business for fifty years and made a specialty 
of precious stones. He pronounced the green crystal “trash.” 
It was therefore sold for $25. “The purchaser put it before an 
emerald glass, through which a genuine stone will glow with a 
dull red light and found that he had a gem. He sold it for $1,500 
to a New York jobber, who no doubt doubled his money. The 
pawnbroker had never heard of the emerald glass. Establish the 
provenance of your own pieces in order to get the most fun and 
the most profit from the game. 

Though the higher (Britannia) standard of silver ceased to be 
compulsory in 1720, it has never gone completely into disuse. 
Once in a while you will come across a piece of silver bearing a 
maker’s mark consisting of a single letter and a later date 
than 1720; this marking had been comparatively common forty 
years earlier, but of course had been discontinued during the 
period of 1697-1720 when the two first letters of the surname 


20 Frauds and T; ransformations 


had been used as the statute directed. The statute of 1720, 
repealing the “Britannia” law of 1697, provided that thence- 
forth the maker must use his initials “unless a different mark had 
been used by him” prior to 1697. This provision was repealed in 
the early years of George II’s reign, and the use of two initials was 
made compulsory without exception. During the interim, however, 
a few dealers had reverted to their ancient custom of using a single 
initial. This proves a trap for the overcautious collector who may 
too rashly reject a valuable piece marked with a single initial. 

Every year after 1720 some dealer made Britannia stand- 
ard silver plate; for the most part, they were presentation or 
“legacy” pieces. Though the date letter and shields showed they 
were not of the 1697-1720 period, the presence of the lion erased 
and the figure of Britannia caused purchasers to deceive them- 
selves. Shown a piece thus marked by a non-committal dealer, the 
customer would hurriedly purchase the article in the belief that 
the vendor was ignorant. When the modern character of the pur- 
chase would be discovered, the dealer would be described as a 
“crook.” The dishonesty was often solely on the side of the 
buyer. Not always. 

Of course, the presence of the King’s head on silver made dur- 
ing the period 1784-1890, tended to preclude any such mistake, 
but after the later date the increase of Britannia marked silver 
was stimulated by the disappearance of the distinguishing feature 
and the resultant market with unscrupulous dealers who lay in 
wait for the “‘smart-Alecks.”’ 

In Devonshire, last summer, an antique dealer handed me a 
modern silver mustard pot bearing the Britannia marks. “’Ere 
is a piece I cahn’t make ’ed or tail of. Wot do you make of 
it?” 

“You ought to be able to make head or tail of it, for when you 


showed me a piece exactly like it two years ago, and made the 


> OMe : : 
Pe Pay ee 2 F a ‘ 
ee eh ee ae ee) a oe oe eT ee oe 


Frauds and T; ransformations 21 


same remark, I told you that it was made in London by —— 
Brothers in 1925.” 

“Ow! You’re the Banas wot was in ’ere two years ago. 
Glad to see you again.’ 

And the piece went back on the shelf. He bought them by 


the dozen. 


The enormous advance in the price of antique English silver 
within the past few months has somewhat altered the conditions 
upon which certain statements in the earlier part of this chap- 
ter were predicated. Forgeries of the late Eighteenth Century 
and even early Nineteenth Century are now much more common 
than formerly. 

A particular brazen example was seen by the writer while this 
volume was in the press. The collar of the lid of a Paul Storr 
kettle had been taken from the original piece and attached as a 
base rim to a kettle of Continental origin which was unmarked 
or from which the marks had been removed. An original Paul 
Storr lamp had been found and placed in a silver stand 
(unmarked) and the combination was offered to me—as a genu- 
ine Paul Storr kettle, lamp, and stand! It was quite usual to omit 
the marking from a lid collar so that the robbery of the original 
Paul Storr kettle did not impare its value. Naturally enough, the 
date letters of the added base-rim and the lamp did not corre- 
spond, but that was a small matter compared with the omission 
of all hall marks from the lid and body of the kettle itself. Never 
before had I seen such confidence in the success of a fraud based 
upon such an airy foundation of deceit. 


CHAPTER 111 
(Marks on London Plate 


EXAMPLES OF THE LEOPARD’s HEAD Mark Founp on PLATE OF 
A Date ANTERIOR To 1478. 


(THE AscriBED DaTEs ARE APPROXIMATE, ) 


ARTICLE AND OWNER, 


Spoon with hexagonal stem and acorn knop: in the Author’s collection. 
‘*dyamond poynt” at end of stem ¢ 
lion sejant 2 is Mr. J. H, Walter. 


‘‘dyamond poynt”’_,, me : Lord Hylton, 


: Mr. J. H. Walter, 


DATE. MaRKS, ARTICLE AND OWNER. 


¢. 1470 SF) le: Spoon topped with seated figure of Our 
z Lady; leopard’s head in bowl, thé} Mr. J. H. Walter 
other mark on stem: 


¢. 1485 B) Pre-Reformation Paten: Hartshorne, Derbyshire. 
[probably] (The B is probably the maker’s mark.) 


The marks shown below have been found upon an apostle 
spoon. The A may designate the first year of the following cycle. 


1478-9? & vA @ 


22 


Marks on London Plate 23 
eYcCLeE, I. Creel Hwe lt: 


THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


LEOPARD'S 
CROWNED. 


Tos RE 
2 8© ~O86; 


a 


RICH. Ill. 


1483-4 
1484-5 


HEN. Vil. 


1485-6 


Nee 


1486-7 


G2 
Q 


1487-8 
1488-9 
1489-90 
1490-1 


q+ 
E 


C9 
HS 


1491-2 
| 1499-3 
{493-4 
1494-5 
| 1495-6 
{496-7 
1491-8 
a @ je? eS Ee ee har iad Sra are a eam aren 


Goldsmith to King Richard III., and Lord Mayor in 1482. 
On Master spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


t 
eR: 
t 
i 
ft 
@ 
sD | 
o | 
te 
& | 
ty 
u 


24 Marks on London Plate 


CYCLE iit: CYCLE I 
THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. THREE STAMPS TILL 1544, FOUR STAMPS 
THENCEFORWARD, 


ai @ 
as 


goles 


i 
a 


£3 > 
© 


‘1? 
9 
Bi 
0 
“3 
2 
fel 
a 
Bi 


a owsaw 
&> SC 

@ 

BSS 


f 
0 
& 
g 
Q . 
u 
9 


© 
Me 


Marks on seal- wy Marks on seal-top 
1536-7 @B cp spoon: Mr. 1544-5 @ CxQ spon: ME. 
: fn Brand. 


E, A,: Bennett, 


Marks on London Plate 25 
CLs Ve CYCLE’ VI. 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 


Ca 
rat} 


~GIBOREBIOaGaY =O 


pt 
un 
@ 
2] 


. |g 
.|@ 
. 
. |B 
. |e 
18 
M3 
8 
D 
18 
rr 
18 
|© 
tf 
© 


eee 
a 
es 3 


‘ Another example of the date 
Eres @ letter for this year. 


26 Marks on London Plate 
CYCLE Vilk CYCLE Vite 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 


GOES qa si 
Sega: 


qaqaqas eSa: 


CHEIOZAas#eEeogag 
C7} 
> 


ae gO : 
AHRaAAMOBBASEHaAD 


Be 
HASHBOaERSA 


eS) 
4 3] 


an 
. |B 
1G 
1D 
1G 
15 
1 
| Q 
10 
1B 
i‘ 19 
| D 
_1o 
. Yl. 
» | OL. 
Bee 
Sk 
. lel. 
1G 


FB 


Examples of forged 
London marks of the 


* Another example of the lion 
fo le VIII 


passant 
tr Cycle VIII. S33 
B os 


@ |\gaqgganddqdss 


Messrs. Christie. 


Marks on London Plate 27 
iY CLE IX. CYCLE, 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 


8 


a: Gae 


&4OoRMEe 4 ZS 
S&pgeaqa@aO Ge 


ga & 


~|@l . 
re 
“1G 
BI 
DG. 
PASH 
» | By. 
a 
| Bl. 
1B » 
ie 
“18 
ele. 
1 el. 
@ 


@ Gt - 
: 


|. 
Pa) . 
ao) | - 
ta | 
PG | 
.1o| . 
EB) | . 
J | 
3 
B | - 
te | 
P| 
19]. 
gl. 
18]. 
* 10 
Gg 
U 


Variations of date-letters of this cycle: 
Variations of date letters of this cycle : 


1664- 1667-8 
1639-40 | 1643-4 ff 1652-3 1) 1657-8 [J a @ 4 8 
1671-2 1677-2 i 
*The lion passant is sometimes found eB i 4d 
thus : 


28 Marks on London Plate 


CYCLE XI. CYCLE XII. 


BRIT. | DATE | HEAD 
~ANNIA. LETTER.ERASED. 


In 1697 a law was 
passed raising the 
standard of silver 
from .g25 (sterling) 
to .958 henceforth to 
be known as the 
“Britannia” stand- 
ard. The same law 
changed the mark- 
ings as shown in the 
column to the right 
and also provided 
that the silversmiths 
should use the first 
two letters of their 
surname as a mark 
and not their initials 
as theretofore. The 
law was repealed in 
1720. The standard 
for coin of the realm 
was not changed 
from sterling. 

Examples of 
makers’ marks of the 
period 1678-1716 
are shown on pp. 58 
et Seq. 


*See notes on p. 31 


—— 
' 


si ae ea 


Se re oe ee pe Ee wy eT ORE ARE a ater 


1716-7 


117-8 
1718 9 


“1719-20 


1720-1 


721-2 


{122-3 


1723-4 


1704-5 


1725-6 


LEOPARDS 
CROWNED 


ay 
agddad Ga 


1726-7 | Geass 


GEO. I 
1727-8 
1728-9 
1729-30 
1730-1 


312 | 


1732:3 
1733-4 


47345 


1738-6 


dqaagaaea 2 


Marks on London Plate 
ey CLE, XIII: 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 


PASSAKT. 


me 

[el 
eh SA) : & << : 
Se ems 845880 S@eregcede.. 


-, 2 
s re, e 


PEPE eS 
eb eels 


bse Gpne® "Sethe se eee: 


CYCLE: XIV. 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 


29 


30 
CYCLE XV: 
FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW 


z 
is] 
we 


= 


PE RSSHR AGS Ea. 


a 
§ 


= 


Ba@S BE 


a 
8 
G 
ba) 
B 
J 
G 
i 
a 
a 
J 
a 
Q 
a 
EY) 
3 
@ 
@ 


On articles bearing the hall- 
marks of 1758-9-60, the 
leopard’s head crowned is 


* 1758-60 24) 
occasionally found in a shield 
with pointed base. 


+ Date-letters for 1763-4, 1768-9, and 1771-2, 
are sometimes found to differ from those in 
general use thus: 


1763-4 36) 1768-9 Es) 1771-2 @ 


Marks on London Plate 


CYCLE XYVi. 


FOUR STAMPS TILL 1784, FIVE STAMPS 
THENCEFORWARD, 


se} fe) GA ES le 
EEL 


28 


~4 
oe 3 


by 
@ 
id 
G 
8 
ud 
ik 
0 
m 
n 
0) 
i 
Gh 
iT 
Ss) 
it 


— pelewl Ge ole 
BBE eg @E 


® The author has also noted the date-letters f of 
k of 1785-6 in shields with rounded 
h and i of 1782-3 
to 1784-5, as well as in shields with pointed bases as 
illustrated above. On the other hand, the E and 

of 1782-3 and 1783-4, are sometimes found in a 
shield with a pointed base as in the shield for © 


1781-2, and the 
bases, similar to those of the g. 


of 1780-1. 

+On some articles dating from 1784 to 1830, the 
shield enclosing the date-letter has a round se, 
and the lion passant is sometimes found in an oval 
stamp. 


Marks on London Plate 


CYCLE XVII. 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


ca 


*4798-9 


4199 
1800 
{800-1 
{801-2 


1802-3 
1803-4 
+1804-6 
1805-6 
1806-7 
{807-8 
+1808-0 
1809-10 
1810-1 
{811-2 


1812-3 
1813-4 


ERB RGREREAEREABEES 


B& 


B, 
@ 
'D) 
E, 
G 
EL 
L 
‘0 
P. 
@) 
R 
S. 
rT 


18145. 


Q- 
ola] 


1815-6 


Notes for p. 28. 


*Solid gold articles are marked with the leopard’s 
head and lion passant as 1696 and not with the figure 
of Britannia and lion’s head erased. 


31 


Variation of lion passant occasionally found on 
plate of 1679 to 1686. 


1695-6 5 355, iF 


Notes for p. 29: 


$33 


It is very important to note the variation of the date 
letter, leopard’s head, and lion passant for the year 1726- 
7 of this cycle. This variation was also found by Sir Chas, 


1727-8 ey iw @ § 


Jackson, but the author has found the same variation for 
the year 1730-1 on authentic specimens and he has no 
doubt that date letters in square blocks were used alter- 
natively with the conventional shields to the end of the 
cycle (1735-6). When new dies were made in 1736, no 
doubt this anomalous fashion of enclosing the date 
letter was discontinued. 


Hoo: 
= * Variations of 
» 3 ‘ 

1738-9 & 'C) leopard’s head 
and lion pas- 
sant. 

~ Although a punch for 
t 8 the leopard’s head 


mark different in form 
from that of 1739-40 was used between 1751 and 1756, its 
use was not entirely general, because articles of the latter 
period are frequently found stamped with the leopard’s 
head mark as here illustrated. 


{This and other date letters in this cycle are occasion- 
ally found with somewhat broader backgrounds. 


nna ED 


Notes for p. 31: 


*In 1798 the Stat. 38 Geo. IH, c.69, authorized a new 
gold standard of 18 carats fine, and provided that it 
should be marked with a crown and 18 in place of the 
lion passant. Up to this time gold and silver of the old 
standard had been marked alike. Gold of the old stand- 
ard (22 carats) continued to be marked with the same 
marks as silver of the old standard until 1844, when a 
crown and 22 were substituted for the lion passant, for 
the purpose of distinguishing it from silver-gilt. 


rE 

GM 

re) carat gold, as prescribed in the year 
1798; on gold snuff box; Mr. Harry 


cb) | P} Alston. 


+ For 1804-5, 1808-9; and one or two other years, the 
duty mark has been found in a trefoil-shaped stamp. It 
has also been found in the oval stamp in the same years. 
From 1808 to 1815 the king’s head is occasionally found 
like that shown for 1816-17, 


An example of the marks on 18 


1798 


SE aes Marks on London Plate 
CYCLE XVIII. CYCLE Ate 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW, 


munas | maxes tAGEAn SAS GOR, RUGS agra 
«'|@ | le2\O loss 
" a) (0) (ote 
' wg] (@I » | - 
" 1830-40] + D) Me Nye 
Q) aap} | ety @|.|- |BR 
ra (841-2 | + if, Res bis BS 
. | ES (840-3 | @ ee Gow 
irs wos} |] ~ | » (SSSR 
- cH 184-§ | H) ~ [oo (Ea | 
(846-6 | +, R Pea ee aw 
is ped. 
: 1846-1 | +s £) ‘ (a a 
fea | | My . z Hy 
pee 1HB9 | ) ree 
: woo] » [GD]. |» (eo . 
» | (850-1 | + 33 By: (a 
RH wit] |@i. |» (B 
| @® wes] (EQ). |. (as 
» | sd] « |» |» [8B 
| is] o> [QB] > |» | 
+ | @B west » (GV) @fy 


The shield enclosing the date-letters of Cycle XVIII. and preceding cycles is occasionally found with 
its base straight, or slightly rounded. 
4 On plate of the second quarter of the rgth century, the leopard’s head is frequently 
1825-35 © found without whiskers, as here illustrated from an example on a pierced salt cellar: 
Messrs. Alstons & Hallam. 


The date-letter JB of 1837-8 is accompanied by the head of Wm. IV. from 29 May to 20 June, 1837. 


Tae ae 


Marks on London Plate oe 
iL AX. CYClry Ox. 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. FIVE STAMPS TILL 1890, THENCEFOR- 
WARD FOUR ONLY. 


peereees Are kK QUBEN'S WAKER'S LEOPARDS DATE LION QUEEN'S 
MAKER'S 
22D LEITER. PASSANT HEAD, GARR. HBAD LETTER.PASSANT. HEAD. MARK. 


10861 1@| |i C we | | GY (EQ | 
Bi 
158-9 
185-40 
(8 
i814 
1802-8 
“18h 
1864-5 
18-4 
18867 


CES pete Ay, SED (ARN, 


SEs OCh & OH SAO Of SERsanse 


0 
6 
Fagus 
hve 


9 6% 


1867-8 
{868-2 a) my) 


1869-70 
1874.1 


99 


1871-8 
1873-3 
1893-4 
1874-5 


it 
0, 
B) 
OD 
BS 
3 
Q 
Q 
‘P 
GQ 
% 
‘oe 
re 
uw 


18164 | 


GEGAIEGAIEIAEGESEEGEaGEd 


*This is merely an example of the Britannia marks as frequently employed after 1720 to denote 
the higher standard. It is not typical of 1863-4, or of any particular year. Vde p. 20 infra. 


In 1883 a law was passed decreeing that all silver plate brought into the United Kingdom from abroad should, 
before being offered for sale, be assayed, and if found of the proper standard, marked with an F in an oval. In 
1904, that law changed and it was directed that such silver should have its fineness indicated by a decimal stamp 
(925 or .9584) in a long oval and have the symbol of the local assay office (usually a zodiacal sign) also impressed. 


34 Marks on London Plate 


CYCLE XXII. 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 


LEOPARD'S DATE LION MAKER'S 
HEAD LETTER. PASSANT. MARK. 


1896-7 EVES CO 
(997-8 


1898-9 


1899 
1900 


1900-1 
EOW. Vil. 
1901-2 
{902-3 
1903-4 
1904-5 
1905-6 
1906-7 
1907-8 
1908-9 
1909-10 
1910-1 
1911-2 
1912-3 
1913-4 
(944-5 


b 
id 
{@ 
18 
1 
i 
Kk 
A 
my 
a 
ia 
ul 
{@ 


SHEEQSESRB EGR HBGESEESBBO 


| 1915-6 


CYCLE XXIT. 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 


1916-7 


1917-3 


1918-9 


IgIg-20 


Maker’s mark of 
1909-10 S. B. Harman: 
on silver-gilt snuff-box. 


Mark on Church plate: 
Tait DF) St, Kerverne, Cornwall. 


i. ANS = Mark of L. A. Crichton. 


Date letters of this alphabet will continue in use until 
1936-7. 


CA Pi ik oleV 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


A hand ? 
Bow and arrow ? 


A horse ? 


Arranged 
Chronologically 


A plant ? 


A cock’s head erased. 


mee index, p. 211 


A cross pattée. 


A trellis. 
GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS 


A fleur-de-lys. 


A j Ls 
Jus A maidenhead. 


A fetter lock. A fish, as 1491. 


A key. An incuse cross. 


A rising sun. 
ee Bare 
1509-10 Two links. 
A fish. = 


1510-1 A flower. 


A horse shoe. 
A lamb’s head. 


A bird’s head. 
A foot print. 


W. a” 
A barrel or tun. 


Head of pastoral staff 


, Orb and cross. 
A leaf slipped.t 


Gemini. 


A jug, as in 1479. 
A leaf. 


A gate? 
MW in monogram. 


SW ” ” 


Heart as 1516. 


19Geurr TOE Ie De 


o 
4 
@ 
Cad 
if 
8 
@ 
i 
% 
8 
= 
of. 
| w% 
= 
o 
ie 
Q 
0 
mate! 
Q 
9 
tm 
0 
9 


A fringed S. 


35 


1519-20 


0) 
ee) 
Bi 
CO) 
ey 
35 
3 
© 
yt 
e) 
§ 
2 
i 
0 
8 
Q 
& 
if 
$< 
LW] 
8 
5 
@ 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


A heart, 
A sheep. 


Two links, 
HK in monogram ? 


D? 


A fringed 5. 


A bunch of grapes. 


A crescent enclosing a 
mullet. 


An escallop, 


Two links. 


A sun, 

A short sword. 
A serpent. 

A sceptre ? 

A sun, as 1521. 


An orb and cross. 


A heart, as 1516. 
Implements crossed. 


A sceptre? see 1523. 


Sc? 


ia heart, see 1516, 
” 
A maid's head, 


A fringed S, as 1519. 


An eagle displayed. 


on London Plate 


DATE. 


GQ@ x 


1533-4 


@GerrOoPF>@nrnoaqaqartasa 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


Double-headed arrow, 


T, incuse, charged with 
3 pellets, 


Crescent enclosing 
mullet. 


Orb and cross between 
I C.—John Carswell, 


A fringed S, as 1527. 

Orb and cross between 
IC, as 1528, 

A fringed S, as 1519. 


A coronet. 

Orb and cross between 
IC, as 1528. 

A hanap. 

A hand erect, 

? 

An arbalist ? 

Rose and crown, 

Thomas Wastell, 

Double-headed arrow. 


A basket. 


A fringed S, as 1519. 


A pair of compasses. 


A negro’s head. 


? 


An eagle displayed. 


A-hand grasping a ham- 
pepo et H CG 
(Henry Colville ?) 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate a7 


Le a 
hae 5 Siege pe 


’ 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
1536-7 x4 A sheaf of arrows. 1551-2 8) Crescent enclosing mul- 
let. 
1537-8 ) A fringed S, as 1519. pa AY) A K conjoined. 
1538-9 ? A pheon ? 2 ” i Stag’s head:caboshed. 
: ” 8 Swan’s head erased. 
1539-40 Se) A fringed S, as 1519. 
1552-3 TL! T L in monogram. 
1540-1 8 A spray of leaves. 
ij 1553-4 'B) Robert Danbe, as 1549. 
” . 
” 2) As 1551. 
1541-2 Ss A fringed S, as 1519. 
1554-5 ge As 1552. 
1543-4 i Orb and cross incuse. 
” st Queen’s head as 1545. 
” Se) A fringed S, as 1519. 
1555-6 'G I F (John Freeman). 
- ba Marigold and letter E. ” T L., as 1554. 
1556-7 4 Stag’s head, as 1551. 
1514-5 ok A crab. e 
A fringed S, as 1541. 
” & 54 z Ww § w. 
1545-6 is A queen’s head. 
1557-8 as H crowned. 
” N B in monogram 
(Nicholas Bartlemew). 
” oss W over a crescent. 
ih '$) A head 
1558-9 & A rose (Henry Gillard). 
1546-7 & A fleur-de-lys. eats ) 
1547-8 | N Bin monogram as 1545. * 3 C A in monogram. 
1548-9 3 A covered cup. 
rsso60| fo | aw. 
» |@® 
@) & A lamp. 
a i M, or W inverted 
me 3 A bird’s claw, see 1565. 
1549-50 FB F B. 
os ig A mullet. 
” | R D in monogrant 
(Robert Danbe). g A Aaorste-lys 
” i C A in monogram. 
2 C C linked, 
Crowned cross moline. 
” NE Fe SK] S K. 
3550-3, iL A high boot. 1560 1 he 
9 
‘ 8 A hand under a coronet. . g3 A bird. 


9 


ay 


GROAG+S3? AOSV SG SSAC CEGSSaGQRR 


Makers’ Marks on London 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
A spur. 


P. C, 


A star radiant. 


Crossed compasses: with- 
in a radiant circle, 


A fleur-de-lys 
(Wm. Dyxson). 


R B. 


Three mullets over a 
crescent (R. Durrant) 


SR, 


Sun in splendour. 


RM. 


W C over a pig 
(Wm. Cater).. : 


A wallet hook palewise 
on a cross bendwise. 


N S in monogram 
(Nicholas Sutton), 


H K conjoined. 


R D in monogram, see 
1549 (Robert Danbe). 


An eagle displayed 
(Fras. Jackson). 


Crescent enclosing 
mullet. 


Eagle’s (?) head between 
IC 


e 


A fleur-de-lys incuse. 


A hand grasping a cross, 
see 1564. 


A holly leaf incuse. 


3 mullets over a crescent, 
as 1561. 


I P (John Pikenynge). 


H W, as 1559. 


A bird. 


W in radiant circle. 


DATE. 


” 


7 


” 


” 


” 


1566-7 


” 


Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


2306 -QG8R20@ 


GEGaqadaqerese sera 


A spur, 


R D (Robt. Danbe), as 
1549- 


A mullet, 


A fleur-de-lys, as 1561. 


1c John Cross or 
John Clark 


A horse’s head couped 
(Robert Medley ?) 


IS in monogram, 

A campanula, as 1566, — 
A. 

A bird’s claw, see 1559. 


I P(John Pikenynge), see 
1563. 


As 1562. 


H W, as 1559. 


R K, 


Stars and crescent. 


A. 


A star radiant, as 1561. 


A campanula, as 1564, 


Acorns, 


W H, pellet below. 


ph Seen 


DATE. 


1567-8 


” 


” 


Shy seie 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


Gong eengHpaeGs Ft enesacsert’ 


A bull's head erased 
(Affabel Partridge ?) 


A wallet hook. 
A bird. 


F G in monogram. 


A horse’s head couped, 
as 1564. 


R D (Robert Danbe), 
as 1549- 


A hand grasping a 
hammer, see 1535- 


E R in monogram 
(Edward Ranklyn). 


T Bin monogram 
(Thos. Brown or Benson). 


A talbot ? sejant 
(Thos, Conell). 


A cock’s comb ? 


I F, see 1555 
(Jasper Fysher ?). 


M. 
A wallet hook. 
A bunch of grapes. 


F R in monogram, 


I H, see 1570. 


A globe. 

Two birds. 

Ra. 

A bunch of grapes, see 


1568. 


F, enclosing T, in mono- 
gram.~ 


A hand grasping ham- 
mer, see 1567. 


Animal’s head couped. 


DATE. 


@e@eeCOQemkhoaesprsesanaanagg 


8d @ «2 CO} ED 


39 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


A hooded falcon 
(Thomas Bampton). 


R V, a heart beneath. 


A bunch of grapes, see 
1568. 


A millrind. 
An orb and cross. 
A beaked bassinet. 


A K conjoined, see 1551. 


T Eo, in monogram 
(Thomas Heard). 


T H in monogram 
(Thos. Harrison or 
Hampton). J 


A pair of bellows. 


H B conjoined 
(Hy. Boswell). 


M in plain shield. 


Covered cup 
(John Mabbe). 


I H (John Harryson).- 


A campanula, see 1564. 


R H conjoined. 
F? 


A heart. 


Porcupine over T A. 


L reversed, 


A bird (John Bird ?) 


A hand grasping a 
crosslet, see 1562. 


I piercing G. 
A beaked bassinet, see 


1570. 
T G in monogram. 


GsGt31aHH 


23 UY 


QAI OCOORS ARoOSBEe 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


TL 
Lombardic A. 


A B conjoined. 


N R conjoined. 


A trefoil. 


A trefoil slipped. 


H B conjoined, see 1570. 

HR, 

A cross couped. 

Grotesque object and 
bunch of grapes, 

B. 

I F, 


N O in monogram. 


I P in shaped shield, 


A beaked helmet, see 
1571. 


A millrind, as 1570, 
A pelican displayed, 


H S in monogram 
(Henry Sutton). 


H R conjoined, 


A bird, see 1571. 
Escallop. 


Sun in splendour, see 
1562, 


C P, an axe between. 


V S, fleur-de-lys below. 


Hand grasping hammer 
between H C, see 1535. 


DATE. 


1575-6 


a 


2) 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 


(J 
ee 
ceo 


'e, 
tow. 
< 


BORED BHM EDEZOeecagcEs ag 


R E in indented border. 
A K conjoined, see 1570, 


WT, 


T B, 


M, 

? 

A mallrind, as 1570, 
A pair of bellows, as 


1570. 
t b. 


Three trefoils in a trefoil. 
TH, bear below. 
An arrow piercing H. 
A fox sejant 
(John Foxe). 
R H in monogram. 


A caltrap. 


A bouget. 


An arrow piercing H, 
see above. 


W C over a grasshop 
(Wm. Cocknidge 5 
A snail. 


t b, see above, 


A mullet between a pair 
of compasses, 


LR., 


Do. 


M. 


ee eae Re oa 


* ‘ 
“al 
3 


9 


ih 


9 


1579-80 


158r 2 


iD] 


" 


Makers’ Marks on 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


QBagaaaeegaeeSGab ae 


aEgage:6 


A branch. 


S E in monogram. 


AH. 


W H (Wm. Holborne). 


A bird in shaped shield, 
see 1571.(John Bird ?) 


R P, crescent below 
(Robert Planckney). 


t b, see 1576. 


S on a cross 
(Isaac Sutton ?) 


A. windmill 
(Robert Wright). 


P G in monogram. 


C B in monogram. 


A rose slipped. 


An escallop, see 1573. 


Hand grasping hammer 
between H C, as 1535 
(Hugh Crook ?) 


Three trefoils slipped 
within a trefoil. 


-I Hin monogram. 


S B (Simon Brooke). 


Sun in splendour. 

A four petalled rose 
seeded. 

Tudor rose. 

Fleur-de-lys. incuse. 


t b, as 1576. 


HW, rose below. 


RW. 


R B in monogram 
(Richard Brooke). 


London Plate AI 


DATE. 


1581-2 


1582-3 


” 


GOSBd@sSsasGaadegaBVBaokhsece 


iS 2 é 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


H W over a star. 

An escallop. 

A fleur-de-lys. 

A bull’s head. 

I F, see 1555, 1568 and 


1583. 
Small letter b? 


R S, fleur-de-lys below 
(Robert Signell). 


A banner bendwise. 


I F, see 1555, 1568 and 
1582. 


IH. 


IC. 
W C conjoined, 


A crown. 


Mullet and pellet. 


Mullet and annulet. 


R W, as-1581. 


A caltrap, as 1576. 


An escallop. 


Three trefoils voided. 


M (line across). 


A newt on a tun (for 
Newton). 


A crescent enclosing W. 
(Christopher Waiste ?) 


T, over a crescent. 
T, within a bordure. 
A mullet and annulet. 


Orb and cross. 


9 


” 


” 


GHCORGUSSACORSaECHR FSE0HSanve 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


D or! D in monogram. 
OrE D. 


A chanticleer, 


An escallop, 


I N in monogram. 


T S over a double- 
headed eagle. 


C B in monogram, see 
1578. 

I S in monogram, see 
1578 (John Speilman). 


W over a rose. 
R F (Robert Frye). 


W S over a rosette. 


D, as in 1587 (Edward 
Delves ?). 


I M (John Morris). 


H L conjoined. 
P W over IN. 


A crescent enclosing a 
mullet. 


A heart over two clubs 
in saltire, 


R M (Richard Matthew?). 


T F (Thos, Francknall ?). 


T S over a double- 
headed eagle, as 1587. 

N R conjoined. 

T F (Thos, Francknall ?). 

I G in monogram. 

A crescent inclosing W. 


RW. 


PW. 


on London Plate 


DATE, 


& 


BOSCsa COM aeauaggr240q Soqg 


| Mullet over annulet, see 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 


I G, as 1592-3. 


D, as 1587, 


I M over a billet 
(John Morley ?). 


An anchor, 


T H, a rose above and 
below. 


W H, a rose in base 
(Wm. Holborne ?). 


A crescent enclosing a 
mullet, see 1590. 


IH. 


T N in monogram. 

G §S, mullet below 
(Giles Sympson ?), 

I B, rose in base 
(John Brodg ?). 


TN, rose in base 
(T. Newton ?). 


C B in monogram. 
G A, pheon in base. 
D. 


Crescent enclosing W. 


Sun in splendour. 


1584. 
T, see 1599. 
H B conjoined. 


I H over a bear passant, 
see 1576. 


I D over a doe lodged 
(I. Doe). 


I B, badge above. 


R B, mullet below 
(Richard Brooke ?). 


+7 eee ag = 
a aS ee nn 


DATE. 


1597-8 


1598-9 


2) 


1599- 
1600 


” 


r€00-1 


99 


re 
TF 
B 
BS 
ER} 
Sy 
HAY 
RC 
e) 
1B) 
Y 
T) 
WD 
@ 
9 
y 
G 
Sy 
[Mj 
8 
9 
6) 
Y 
1) 
2 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


GOLD&@MITHS’ MARKS. 


I B, bow in chief. 


T F, see 1591 
(Thos. Francknall ?). 


Crescent enclosing W, 
see 1592. 


Branch between R.P. 
ER. 

BW. 

IA. 

RC. 

A squirrel. 

I B, rosette below. 
T, see 1596. 

An anchor, see 1594. 
A branch. 


S O, a roundlet below. 


Dove, holding olive 
branch. 


H D, rosette below. 


A cock, see 1587. 


C B in monogram, see 
1595- 

M in plain shield. 

Three trefoils slipped, 
see 1585. 

Tau with bar acsoss. 


b, see 1582, 
Cross couped. 
Two crescents, 


A merchant's mark. 


DATE. 


G 
iS) 
Y 
Mu 
bg 
3 
& 
be 
Bs 
6 
1G 
© 
e 
g 
a 
A 
Ae 
3 
WI 
1X, 
IE 
1S 
os 


43 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


A wine skin tied at the 
neck. 


T S in monogram. 

An animal’s head erased 
between W I. 

A harp, between L M. 

D enclosing C. 


M W in monogram. 


T S, over an Imperial 
eagle, see 1587. 


T W in monogram. 
Anchor. 


A B conjoined, see 1571. 
b, see 1582. 

1G, annulet below. 

C 1 in monogram. 


A T, tun below. 

Three gouttées. 

1 B, fleur-de-lys belovv. 
A bird over H I. 

A triangle intersected. 
W I, as 1602. 

A B conjoined, as 1602. 
Wi. 


IA. 


| 1E. 


M B conjoined, a billet 
below. 


H M conjoined. 


” 


1608-9 


BOGeSRHoacn es OSSsarrBRagag 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


A B, as 1602. 
I A, as 1604. 


Crescent circling W, see 
1598. 

G. 

R W, rosette below. 

F T in monogram 
(F. Terry). 

R W."’ 

T R in monogram over 
W. 


Orb and cross. 


L B, rosette above and 
below. 


RS. 
F S, star below. 


H B. 


T H, bugle below. 


W T, animal’s head, 
erased between, see 
1€02, ‘ 


G. C. 

A collar and jewel ? 
C enclosing W. 

C enclosing M. 


Crescent enclosing I. 


C enclosing W. 
T W in monogram. 
RS. 


IS, crescent under line 
in base. 


Crescent enclosing sal- 
tire. 


TL, 


” 


” 


SGSESSCaSMSSCHOMCGeqaoaEgssHRAeo 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 


& 


A fruit slipped. 


F W in monogram. 


A B, as 1602. 
T A, mullet below. 


WR. 

S$ O. 

IK. 

A helm, see 1573. 

N R over a head couped. 
A ship. 

2 

A bird over R P, 

A cross within a bordure. 
C enclosing I, see 1607. 


EW. 


Crescent enclosing 
saltire, see 1607. 


Staves in saltire, between 


A growing plant. 

F Sin pe ae 

Ww. 

I W in monogtam 
(John Wardlaw ?). 

Ke A 

T I, star below. 

T, Over crescent. 

E M in monogram. 


H B. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 45 


- 2 DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
4 1610-11 £3 TC, Ww T C between pellets. 
] ” (3 T A, star above. MH M H conjoined. 
v H §S, gerbe in base. 3 W L conjoined. 
: ” Mi; L M in monogram. NI N. 
‘ : H B conjoined, star be- 
5 si Ad ee oases: FB low (H. Babington). 
q A; $ Trefoil slipped. RS RS. 
oa 1611-12 fk ae Ae if I M, a bow between. 
@ “ cfts Key between W C. RB) 
é R B. 
4 z 'B) T B in monogram. IRC) RC, 
= ” d3 F W in monogram. BF, a trefoil in base 
3 (Benjamin Francis). 
4 . * x] Two clubs in saltire.. BY IM and F B. 
4 is 1T, aye & S O, mullet below. 
E ” &) Crescent enclosing W, ¢1) I D, rose below. 
ae see 1598 and 1605, 
Ss 1612-13 St. Catherine’s wheel. Me R M, bird over. 
i i g A crested helmet. EM _| HM conjoined. 
a - a | Unicorn’s head. GS C R, key between. 
’ - ” £3 A B conjoined, as 1602. IR _IR, bow beneath. 
€ ” RB) |RB. MH} M'H conjoined, as 1613. 
: | 4 INR NR. HS, H §S, star below. 
a IS in monogram. 
: 7 wie) Key Spang wc, 
: see 1611. 
x : ; 8 Anchor in shaped shield, 
a « x F 7 he monogram, see see 1594. 
Ee 1609. 
DE T F,a dragon between. 
. | a |we 
3 An escallop. 
Fe WY T H in monogram. 
Ry 
Ki iN A pair of compasses, FD 
see 1610. eR A bear. 


Po Wed 4 _. 


46 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


s 
DATE, GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, DATE. GOLDSMITHS MARKS. 


* A double-headed eagle, ’ AV. 
W. F. sh 
1A. “oolley see ae 
RN. C enclosing I, see 1609. 


I P over a bell. R C, mullet below, 


1A, pellet below. R W, rose below. 


An arrow between W C, 


A phoenix incuse. as 1617. 
R over W. KX 
R C, pheon below. i 


E enclosing C. T E in monogram. 


A trefoil within a bordure. F M. 


F G in monogram. A B, roundlet below. 


.e. R K, rose below. 


1617-18 RW. RG. 


H B conjoined. IC, mullet below, 


II, 
I V, star below, mullet below, 


IS, rose below. 
R S, heart below. 


I C, rose below. A I over W T. 


R P, mullet below. E L, fleur-de-lys below. 


An. arrow between W C, Small italic a, 


IF. H T in monogram. , 
T B in monogram within ie 
T H in monogram: a bordure. “ 
R over W. 
A tree between C C, 
Cc. 


I P, as 1616. 


R D, over crescent, 
W R, as 1608, : 


BBESEGaEGaGsgaeRgnoaega cashaega 
GEeegGqs#esele Saegqegseesagsaeaecoge 


DATE. 


” 


2? 


” 


2h) 


” 


= 
- 


1625-6 


” 


99 


sham edQeseoogsee evans agqeasag 


Makers’ Marks on London 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


tn 
~ 


Crescent and mullet. 


AH over W W, as 1626. 
H T in monogram, as 


1621. 
I F crowned. 
A trefoil slipped. 
W C, mullet below. 


I M, mullet below. 


R C, pheon below, as 
1616. 


E H, pellet above and 
below. 

R S, a heart below. 

T B, head below. 

R S and anchor. 

IF. 

TH. 

A mullet over an escallop. 

A flower slipped. 

A in a lozenge. 

J in a wreath. 

B Y, a gate below 
(Benj. Yate). 

IE, a billet below. 

1 V, a star below. 

H S, mullet below. 

S over W. 

H S, star below. 

W S. 


TB. 


DATE. 
1625-6 


1626-7 


” 


” 


” 


1627-8 


” 


1629-30 


Plate 


BaeGaanuods BSHaeoes HESBaRs € 


47 


GOLDSMITHS MARKS. 


CB. 


P H in monogram, 
annulet below. 


A tree. 
H S, star below. 


H B conjoined, as 1613. 
R B, mullet below. 


A H over W W. 


B Y, see 1624 
(Benj. Yate). 


W S. 


WS. 
S over W, see 1625. 


R I, mullet below. 


W S linked 
(Walter Shute). 


T B. 
T E, fleur-de-lys in base. 


] in wreath, as 1624. 


T V. star below. 


R M, heart below. 


An escallop, see 1615. 


D crossed by a bow 
sinister wise ? 


A pegasus ? 


B Y, gate in base, as 
1626, for B. Yate. 


Bow & arrow between 
W S (Walter Shute ?) 


D enclosing C. 


Anchor between D G, 


R B, mullet below. 


B 


GBeaklag@ssGaeeasgetougeargse @ 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


B P, mullet below. 


R C, pheon below, in 
dotted border. 


C C, as 1617. 
W S, as 1628-9. 


IT. 


G G, rose above, round- 
let below, 

PG. 

T D in monogram 
(T. Dove). 


W over M 
(W. Maunday), 


R S, heart below. 
A bolt. 

I M, a bear below. 
1 A, mullet below. 
W C, mullet below. 
R §, star below. 


R S, heart below. 


T B in monogram. 


H M, rose below, 

W C, heart below. 

DW. 

Ww R, arch above, pellet 
below (W., Rainbow). 

An orb and star, 

Cc Hote 

V S over fleur-de-lis, 


E H. 


P B between crescents, 
see 1658. 


T E, mullet below. 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


D enclosing C, see r602. 


I M, bird below, 


Owl holding mouse. 


C B in monogram, 


I G over a covered cup. 


I H between pellets, 


I B, a buckle below 
(J. Buckle ?) 


W over M(W. Maundy), 


Walter Shute, as 1628, 


An escallop, as 1628, 


E S in dotted circle, 


H B conjoined, a sun 
above, see 1626. 


RC, 


R_S, mullet above and 
below. 


W over M, see 1633. 


P G, rose below. 


R W between mullet and 
pellets. 


D W, a mullet below. 


R C, a rosette below. 


P B between two cres- 
cents. 


F, 


L I, flower below, 


R S under sun in splen- 
dour, 3 
An escallop, as 1633. 


R H, 


| RO, 


R S between a mullet 
and a heart, 


DATE. 


” 


iB] 


” 


2 


Vv 


> 


ASOBEaBaeaece sa BAGS eEaSSeRansaerse 


R C, as 1634. 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


E C in dotted circle. 


I B, buckle below, as 
1633 


E R in rayed shield. 
H M conjoined. 
B B crowned, six pellets 


below. 


Owl holding mouse, see 
1632. 


R W, mullet below. 


G M, bird below, in 
dotted border. 


R W between mullets ° 


in lozenge. 


I over W between three 
mullets. 


R over W. 


R H between pellets. 
B F (Benj. Francis ?) 
C Rin monogram. 


E §, pellet above. 


R G, heart below. 
R §, heart below. 


I intersecting C. 


A star over an orb with 
annulets. 


A star over an orb, see 
1631. 


R B over an escallop. 


R M, rose below. 


A pillar between G S. 


G D, mullet and pellets 
below (Geo. Day ?) 


W C, heart below. 


on 


London Plate 


49 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


Oa GOS SSGRSereeucasoecsouae 


W M, pellets above and 
below. 


R G, heart below. 


R A, quatrefoil below. 


I H in circle. 


W T. 


T I over star and pellets. 


T H conjoined. 
H L conjoined. 


S V (Stephen Venables), 
see 1645, 1651-3. 


RC. 


F C in monogram, 


W M, mullet and two 
pellets below. 


I G, mullet below. 


F C between mullets. 
F, as 1635. 

RR, 

B E crowned, 

IH. 

W S linked, as 1627. 
C P, rose below. 

T P in shaped shield. 


H B conjoined, see 1613. 


T b in monogram, bird 
below. 


B F, pellet below. 


A crowned escallop. 


DI. 


Lad 


9 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


SdgeudssHqegeqageaqcaaes sae 


ia 

I M, bear below, as 1630. 
I B. 

R P, mullet below. 

R W, mullet above. 


H B conjoined, see 1639. 


WW in monogram, 


we, 
W M. 


T H conjoined. 
RW. 


IF, 


El, 


O M, pheon below. 
T H, fleur-de-lys above 
and below. 


II, mullet below. 


W C, heart below. 


I T, pellet below. 


T over M 
(Thomas Maundy’ ), 


I W, tun below. 


: F. 


R S between mullets. 


R C, 3 pellets above, 
star below. 


W S, mullet below. 


R K, mullet below. 
I W, as 1642-3. 


on London Plate 


DATE. 'GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. | 


TT (indistinct marks). 


TM, see 1641. 


BB. 


D W, mullet below. 
TG. 


S V (Stephen Venables). 


W T, 


N W, cinquefoil below 
(Nicholas Wollaston ?) 


I L, pellet below. 


C O (Cardinal Orme ?) 

A F (an ancestor of Ant. 
Ficketts ?). 

IA, 


RV. 
(Richard Vaughan ?) 


W M, see 1641. 


S A in mionogram. 


A bird with branch in 


te beak. 


A hound sejant. 

II, pellet below. 

I H in monogram. 
1G, escallop hidies 
BE, see 1638, 

Hound sejant. 

M, star below. 

C T, two pellets above, 


A bird. 


Gaenasgaenaougeacadseosaag 


DATE. 


1651-2 


” 


99 


” 


& qaees&eaeeue ageagaceat saa 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
S A in monogram. 
I C crowned. 


A M in monogram 
(probably A, Moore). 


IW. 


H G, between mullets 
and pellets. 


I G, crescent below. 


Cock on reversed C. 


S V, see 1638 
(Stephen Venables ?) 


I T between 3 pellets. 


I R, cinquefoil below. 


AF, 


SV 
(Stephen Venables). 


R S between mullets. 


I B, buckle below, as 
1635. 


S A in monogram, see 
1647. 


R F, muflet below. 
AF, see 1646, 


W H, star above, pel- 
let in annulet below. 


H G between mullets 
and pellets 
(Henry Greenway ?) 


C T in monogram. 


I V, pellet below. 


S V, as 1651. 


E D, roundlet below. 


on London Plate 


DATE. 


q 


@®@ @G8GSSEGRHEa Ra eOCeBoacae hades 


51 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


RR. 
W H, as 1653-4 


| H G, as 1653-4, 


HN, bird between. 


W C, pellets above, rose 
and pellets belaw. 


I R, crescent above. 


D R, pellet above and 
below (Daniel Rutty ?) 


I L in plain shield. 


R N between mullets 
(Richard Neale ?) 


T B in monogram, see 
1631. 


R F between pellets. 


R over W. 


F W ina circle 
(Field Whorwood ?) 


I W, tun below. 


W G between pellets. 
MG. 
W G. 


W G. 


A D conjoined. 


C S, a sword in pale 
(Christopher Shaw ?) 


E L, escallop below. 


G D, mullet and two 
pellets below. 


| WM, as 1647. 


B or J B in monogram. 
E T, crescent below. 
N W, as 1646-7. 


T G in dotted oval. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. ° 
K F, mullet below. 
I G, pellet between. 
I H in monogram 
between three mullets. 
A F, see 1652. 
R W. 


iH W, mullet below. 


H B conjoined, mullet 
telow, see"1640. 
W C, rose below. 


P B, see 1632-3. 


I or T. 


G B, flower below. 


S A in monogram, mul- 
let below, see 1652. 
F L, bird below. 


Crozier between G S. 


F L over a bird. 


T G in dotted circle. 


| S, a bolt in pale, see 
1658, 


Ficketts ?), see 1657. 


T A, mullet and pellets 
below. 


I G, crescent below. 
M, star below. 


I C, mullet below. 


S V, see 1651. 


R D, fleur-de-lys below. 


SG8Ssqaeeou sesgoehogagcdeaeacsese 


A F, a rose below (Ant. 


DATE. 


Sa @Gaaeeagesgagcaueasegaaae 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


I G, mullet below, 


G §S, as 1658. 


T over M for Thomas 
| Maundy, see 1641. 
| 


An orb and cross, 


R F between pellets, 


R F and rellets. 
G D, mullet below, 
E T, crescent below, 


R A, mullet and two 
pellets below, 


1 
| SV, see 1659. 


| T B in monogram, as 
| 1631, 


| W M, mullet below, 
S V, see 1659. 


T D between pellets and 
a rose. 


R D over I B. 
I I, mullet below. 


R N between 2 mullets. 


T G, 3 pellets above and 
below. 


T D between mullets 
and pellets. 


T AC in monogram. 


T T; mullet below 


R N, mullet and two 
pellets below. 


R L over fleur-de-lys. 
SR - 


D R, stars and pellets 
above and below. 


ss. oa 


DATE. 


GgesedSSeoasase Sees HPasadEed & 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


on London Plate £3 


DR. 


C A in monogtam. 


H bird with olive 
branch below. 


E T, crescent below., 
Do. without crescent. 


R F. 

F P, quatrefoil below. 
WC. 

GV. 

D R, as 1655. 

I N, mullet below. 

K S between 2 mullets. 


T P between 2 pellets. 


M, as 1659. 


W M, pellet 
mullet below. 


I F, fleur-de-lys below. 


above, 


T K, fleur-de-lys below. 


I N, bird below. 


E T between mullets 
and pellets. 


A F, mullet and 2 pellets 
below. 


W N, 4 pellets below. 
I G, mullet below. 


T K, cinquefoil below, 
see 1663. 


I S in heart. 


C H, billet below. 
H N, as 1662. 


N B, mullet and 2 pellets 
below. 


I W, woolsack below. 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
1664-5 W H, cherub’s_ head 
SY below. 
= 16) I G, pellet below. 
“ HG H G between pellets and 
a mullet. 
if F W, a mullet and 2 
pellets above and below. 
An_ escallop, a mullet 
- above, see 1624. 
B, 2 mullets over and r 
” below. 
a H I, mullet below, see 
1657. 
R M, between mullets and 
sg pellets. 
” Hi) H in engrailed shield. 
7 TP T P, pellets and rosette 
below. 
” Ss D R between mullets. 
z | CrP) T P, a rosette above and 
below, 
~ H B conjoined, a mullet 
below, 
- I K, two pellets above, a 
mullet below. 
” ey, T L, a pellet above and 
below. 
1665-6 A) A D conjoined. 


%” 


QakSsae 4G 


T R, crescent above. 


P D, 2 pellets above, 
cinquefoil below. 


I I, as 1661. 


H R, 3 pellets above and 
3 below. 


P P, star below. 


I G, crescent below. 


A M in monogram, see 
1650. 


C Y in monogram. 


T A, mullet between. 


54 


DATE. 
1665-6 
$9 


Ma) 


GES SOrSOhEes easeangsnd@eGen 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


P M in monogram, a 
coronet over. 


F L, bird below. 


WG crowned, in a 
dotted circle. 


E M ina dotted circle, 
see 1673 (Edmund 
Michell). 


R D crowned. 


W M crowned. 


M , mullet below, 


A ,key between two 
pellets, 


T M in monogram. 


S S crowned. 


S V, pellet below, 
R S, a fleur-de-lys below, 


T S, a bird below, 


J, W in monogram, 


B P, escallop below. 


T I, two escallops be- 
tween. 


T L in plain stamp. 


B ECG in monogram, 
star above. 


I B, crescent below, 


A M in monogram, 
crowned, see 1665. 


R S, mullet above, six 
pellets below. 


P P, six pellets below, 
see 1655. 


I C, mullet below. 


G V in engrailed shield. 


IC, pellet below, 


on London Plate 


DATE. 


1668-9 


” 


” 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 


yy '| RD, mullet below, 


aebeaeagereaseneeaeessesesgoeg 


R_ D, mullet above, 
crescent below, 


1 A in dotted circle. 


A L._ between three 
mullets. 


W G, trefoil below, 


WW, fleur-de-lys 


below. 


T A, star below. 


SN, star below, 


I W, three pellets above, 


RS. 


F W between mullets 
and pellets, 


T C_ in monogram, 
pellet below. 


R P, pellet below. 

I L, flower below. 

T H crowned. 

TEH (T E conjoined). 


Fc, 
T BE in monogram. 


C over W. 


OG, fleur-de-lys below, 


‘1S, rosette below. 


T P, 3 mullets below. 
EG. 


D R, coronet over, 


L C crowned. 
(Lawrence Coles). 


if I I, anchor between. 


Py 
Re: 
"2 
‘ 
Y 
DATE. 
" 1670-1 
” 
” 
” 
" v 
; ” 
x 
me 
. 9 
< 
a 
oe ” 
Bt 
* 
ss “"” 
: 
= ” 
2 ” 
$s ” 
sad ” 
—, 
as 
mE 
a 
i 1671-2 
; 
: 2) 
~ o 
3 
> iF 
and 
=> 
c ! 
> 


a 
: 


_ 


eee ae 


» 


>, 
. ‘ 
S. 
= 
a 
: 


” 


G@GeaqeghaSQGaed ehesasamasaecacqa 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS 


T M over a crown. 
T K, rosette below. 


I R between rosettes, 
(John Ruslen ?) 


RH, a cinquefoil and 
2 pellets below. 


T H, anchor between. 


RN, mullet below. 
R P between pellets. 


R D, cinquefoil below. 


G crowned, 3 mullets 
below. 


W H conjoined, mullet 
below. 


E R, mullet below. 


I D between pellets and 
a gerbe. 


E G in oblong punch. 


I L over a crescent and 
pellet. 


G W over a crescent 
and pellets. 


I L, a mullet below. 


W G conjoined. 


I H over a fleur-de-lys 
and pellets. 


M G over a trefoil and 
pellets. 


DC, rossette below. 


I K, rose and 2 pellets 
below. 


I D, pellet below. 
W W linked. 


R S between mullets. 


O S, a trefoil slipped 
below. i 


@RGEASESGHEASOaACSERHAGBSEAOE 


on London Plate 


55 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


Ni) A flower slipped. 


P D, five pellets below. 


C M, three pellets below. 


C M, mullet and two 
pellets below, 


E G, crescent below. 
IS, two mullets and fleur- 


de-lys above. 


I P, rosette below. 


R P, star below. 


D L, a trefoil over and 
mullet below. 


R K, a star and pellets 
below. 


I P, a pellet above and 
below. 


A H, star above, crescent 
below. 


W G, pellet below, 

S V, mullet below. 

I C, a pellet below. 
H L, a pellet below. 
S R, cinquefoil below. 
iH. 


H E, a pellet below. 


R G, star above. 


I F, crescent above. 
T R in monogram. 
DL. 


= B crowned. 


S C, fleur-de-lys <:bove 
and below. 


C 
es 
8 
set 
v 
B 
@ 
@ 
ee 
9 
@ 
Se) 
0 
@ 
9 
9 
@ 
Y 
8 
® 
B 
9 
@ 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


I K, rosette below. 


E H crowned, crescent 
below. 


S S, fleur-de-lys below. 


L C, crown and crescent 
(Lawrence Coles). 


H E conjoined. 


R L, rosette and pellets 
below. 


Another mark of Law- 
rence Coles. 


E M, see 1666 
(Edmund Michell ?) 


Ed. Jones ? 

M W (Mathew West ?) 
G W, crescent below. 
E M crowned. 


T G, 3 pellets above and 
3 below. 


G G, George Garthorne 
(probably). 


I S, John Sutton (prob- 
ably), see 1683. 


T L, pellet below. 


R D, comet below. 


G T over a mullet voided. 


H _ K, pellet above and 
below. 


W W between mullets 
and pellets. 


E H, pellet above, cres- 
cent below. 


W R conjoined, coronet 
above. 


J M in monogram. 
WS. 


D W crowned 
(David Willaume or 
Williams ?) 


DATE. 


SGRSERStSSSCHEGCOCHEOSSGEHE 


on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


~ 


A M in monogram, see 
1665. 


G S,a crown and fleur- 
de-lys above. 


G C, mullet below. 


F C, a rosette below. 


R_ A, winged figure 
between, 


N. 


B. 

T D, star below. 

M, fleur-de-lys below. 
T I between 2 mullets. 


I S crowned 
(Sir Jeremiah Snow). 


AR, 

I B, see.1684 (J. Buck ?) 
1H. 

I F, mullet below. 


T L, a pellet below. 


I E, a pellet between and 
below. 


S crowned. 


C W, a fleur-de-lys aLove | 


and below, 


R M in monogram 
(Richard Morrell ?) 


FS, 
Y I between escallops. 
F A, fleur-de-lys below 


K S between mullets. 


T F, mullet below (Sir 
Thomas Fowles or 
ffowles). 


> oa 
a =a? 


= 


p 
A 
a 


Makers’ M. arks on 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


TO 10 ox Ol. 
CF W A in monogram. 


T C, a cat above. 


A S H in monogram 
(Thomas Ash ?) 


W W, see 1674. 
C E, a pellet above and 
below. 


S H in dotted circle. 


S R, a cinquefoil and 
pellets below. 


OS, a pellet above. 


I R, a trefoil above, a 
pellet below. 


B R in monogram. 
A castle between I C, 


W S, a mullet and two 
pellets above & below. 


S G crowned. 


WG, a trefoil below. 


W S, a rosette below. 


H H conjoined, a fleur-de- 
lys and pellets below. 


M P conjoined under a 
crown. 


1S crowned. 
W C, fieur-de-lys below. 


F G, mullet below, for 
Fras. Garthorne ? 


A K, pellets above and 
below. 


F S, a pellet above and 
below. 


D R, a coronet above. 


W § linked. 


London Plate 


DATE. 


ik] 


eRe Sesfasedotesecehaegacaasd 


57 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


J G in monogram. 

I B between pellets. 
E M in monogram. 

I B, pellet below. 

S_ R, cinquefoil voided 


below. 


R N crowned. 


N C, four pellets below. 
WN. 

T R crowned. 

I A, crescent below. 

A R, mullet and two 


pellets below. 


W over S (Wm. Sanberry 
or W. Scarlett ?) 


I B, fleur-de-lys below. 


C K, pellet below. 
I P crowned. 
T B in monogram. 


Double-seed rose. 


RS. 


A H, pellet above, mullet 
below. - 


S crowned, 
N W. 


I R, crescent below. 


T A, three pellets above, 
a device below. 


K S between mullets. 


T E in monogram, a 
coronet above. 


E C crowned. 


G@SEGSSOHwSSQGESStsaagedes#aea h @ 


Makers’ Marks. on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


I L, a coronet above, 


T H in monogram. 
By. 


I M conjoined, 
R H crowned, 


C K, mullet below. 
T C, a fish above. 


T A between pellets 
(Thos, Allen ?) 


B P, escallop below 
(Benj. Pyne ?) 


T M in monogram. 


H C crowned, 

T S in monogram, 
crowned. 

R H, mullet below. 

IS, as 1674. 

OS, between trefoils, 


IS, billet below. 


IN, as 1662, 


D C, a pellet above and 
elow. 


B, see 1675 and 1687. 
Mark indistinct. 

FS. 

A goose in dotted circle, 
IH, fleur-de-lys below. 


L C crowned 

(Lawrence Coles). 
R S, fleur-de-lys below. 
D G and 2 fleur-de-lys 


in lozenge, 


F G, star below, see 1677 
(Fras. Garthorne). 


I B, see 1677, 


DATE, 


Sadore eOCGOGedaeaoeggageoecag 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


R K, mullet below, 


I S, cinquefoil below, 


I H, pellets above and 
one below. 

T A in lozen mullet 
below. ae 


T I, two escallops be- 
tween, see 1668 & 1684. 


T L, an escallop and 
pellets below. 


F N, a crescent above 
and pellets below. 


R L, a trefoil below. 


B over W, with trefoils, 


R_H, crowned, crescent 
below. 


W F conjoined. 


SE. 


P B in monogram. 


I C, mullet below. 


R C in dotted circle, 
P L in monogram, 
S H linked. 


F B, pellets between. 


I M in dotted circle, 


eH, 


M K in lozenge. 


T E, a coronet above, 


L S crowned, 


I I between pellets, 


=. > ee wae 


DATE, 


Qeaggaee saar@eascaesea2aeaggse 


Makers’ Marks 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


T S, an escallop above 
and below. 


N W, a star below. 


E N conjoined, under a 
crown, 


T A, three pellets above, 
one below. 


. B crowned. 


IH. 


I S, cinquefoil below, 
see 1680. 


AD. 
T A in monogram, 


H E conjoined, crowned, 
see 1673. 


AR. 


F W, cinquefoil below. 
E G crowned. 


P M, star above, fleur- 
de-lys below. 


I A in monogram. 
T EB in monogram. 
I H crowned. 


W F, knot above, 
rosette below. 


R L (Richd. Lassels or 
Ralph Leeke). 


M H, rosette below. 


P R in cypher, pellet 
below. 


L C crowned 
(Lawrence Coles). 


SH. 


I P, star above, crescent 
below. 


C enclosing K. 


on London Plate 


59 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


) <i 


G C, duplicated in re- 
verse. 


T Z, a crown above, a 
crescent below. 


I intersecting S, see 167 
and 1684. if 


T H conjoined, 
T M (T. Mammal ?) 
W F, knot above. 


I H, 3 pellets above, 

R P, pellet below, 

SH, fleur-de-lys below. 
M P conjoined, 

I S crowned, 

FH Bin monogram. 


RI, 


I W crowned. 
W S, a bird below. 


E B, a rosette below. 


CK, fleur-de-lys below. 


T E, fleur.de-lys above, 
pellet below. 


M K,_” between cinque- 
foils. 


I Y, a horse between. 


I S crowned. 


I I, fleur-de-lys below 
(John Jackson), 


C T. 


I B, see 1675 (J. Buck ?) 


60 Makers’ Marks on London Plate - 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 
1684-5 @ W B, a mullet below, 
v ize =| T W conjoined. 


Sh 
we 


D B, a star above, an 
annulet below. 


N G, a pellet between. 


R A, pellets above and 
below. 


&e-< 


I intersecting S, see 
1674 and 1683 (John 
Sutton, probably). 


II, a pellet between, a 
fleur-de-lys below, 


T I, escallop above and 
below in quatrefcil. 


CD. 

T C in monogram, 

A H between pellets, 
JS in monogram with- 


in a wreath. 


P crowned. 
(Benjn. Pyne). 


T A between pellets. 


O §, trefoil below. 
E H, crescent below. 


I G crowned: 


RK, annulet below. 
E O, pellet below. 
I S, cinquefoil below 


see 1680, 


G G, pellet below, se 
1674. 


D. 
W H, fleur-de-lys below. 


P R, coronet over. 


Y Z crowned, crescent 
below, 


Mt 
ri) 
@ 
G 
Ri 
© 
8 
® 
S 
@ 
is) 
g 
FO 
S 
co. 
9) 
BY 
B 
y 


DATE. 


fae BOcagaca 


ay 
<4, 


B 
G 
1s) 
wy 
etd 
<a 
@ 
% 
& 
9 
B 
g 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


P K, rosette below. 

W K conjoined. 

B B, crescent below. 
B M, between pellets. 


I S, coronet over 
(John Shepherd ?) 


T B between pellets, 


T D in monogram. 


G M, 2 crescents above, 


1 below 
(Geo. Middleton ?) 


A F conjoined, a trefoil 
below. 


I S under a coronet, 
RB, 
Benj. Bathurst (ent. 1677). 


H R between pellets. 


S E between a crescent 
and annulet. 


Le 
W R, mullet below.. 


T M in monogram. 
W L, annulet below. 


M W between pellets. 


I L, escallop above and 
below. 


W F conjoined. 
P M between two stars, 


R S, mullet below, 


W M, plume and pellets 
above, and pellet below. 


C K, mullet below. 


DATE. 


1686-7 


” 


” 


9) 


1687-8 


a9 


Makers’ Marks on 


GOLPDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


G T RB in monogram. 


a 


i 
o 
8 
3 
g 
& 
@ 
9 
@ 
co 
@ 
8 
re) 
© 
MH) 
© 
Fe 
@ 
S 
@ 
ec 
% 


T P, a trefoil above, a 
pellet between. 


1 C crowned. 


C K under a mitre ? 
IC, rosette and 2 pellets 


below. 


W, C, ‘cherub’s head 
above. 


Y T, 2 pellets above, 
fleur-de-lys below. 


D B, mullet above, cres- 
cent inverted below. 
R 1 in dotted circle. 


F O in monogram. 


C R, mullet below 
(Christopher Riley ?) 

RH. 

C O, mullet below.- 


E G between mullets. 


R L, fleur-de-lys below 
(Ralph Leeke). 


1B. 


N G (Nathaniel Greene ?) 
M H. 


T G in dotted circle. 
F F, escallop below. 
I Cin monogram. 

H T crowned. 

B, see 1679. 

EC. 


G S crowned. 


London Plate 


61 


DATE. GOLDSM!THS’ MARKS. 


SGEBOOCBE BOUSEAAGSS SB EeggAaaae 


1688-9 Ha I 1S and three pellets. 


E L, fleur-de-lys below. 


A dagger between I D, 


W M crowned. 


W N crowned. 


S D, pellet below 
(Samuel Dell ?) 


O S, trefoil below. 


I I, a crown and cinque- 
foil between. 


M S, 

A pillar between I S. 
T V between plumes. 
I F, crescent below. 
I R, annulet below. 


G S, mullet below. 
TA. 


H G between mullets. 
F D in monogram. 


E B. 
T Cand fish, as 1679. 
W B. 


I I, see 1684. 


M E conjoined, bird 
above. 


H H between rosettes. 
N B under acoronet. 


DA. 


IE. 


62 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


R L (Richard Lassels ?) 


C S in dotted oval 
(Clement Stonor), 


T S in monogram in 
dotted octagon. 


A N in monogram 
(Anthony Nelme). 


R E, 


W P, mullet below. 


S over W. 


N G (Nathaniel Green). 


TS HE in monogram. 


W B under a coronet. 
S H linked as 1681. 


K crowned. 
(Jonah Kirke ?) 


I D crowned. 


EK. 


R L in dotted circle. 


RC in monogram 
(Robt. Cooper ?) 


TSOL 

R Timbrell, 

JS. 

T L (Timothy Ley). 

T A, fleur-de-lys above. 
T S between scroll and 


Star. 
WM. 


GM. 
GN. 
T T crowned. 


'GS under a crown and 
fleur-de-lys, 


DATE, 


we 


SESHESSMRHAEHRSQEHRAREMES 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 


W B (William Bain- 
bridge ?) 


I I in dotted oval, see 
1684 and 1689. 


I D, a sexfoil above and 
crescent below, 


T H, a crescent below, 


D G under crown and 
fleur-de-lys (Daniel 
Garnier), 


A H, a crown above 
and cinquefoil below. 


M H crowned. 


I C crowned 
(Jas. Chadwick ?) 


D. 


Ws. 


S D crowned, fleur-de- 
lys below. 


* (Henry Penstone)) 
BS. 

SI. 

I E crowned. 

IG. 


G M between mullets, 


RG, 


Bird over monogram, 
and 3 annulets, 


N G (Natl. Greene ?), 
see 1687, 


M H. 


A N in monogram 
(Anthony Nelme). 


1 C over star, 


Three storks. 


4 


DATE. 


” 


e) 


6? 


SESeGbeonseassaramousrsaeel eeude 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 63 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


1 W. 


S C, crown and _ star 
(Stephen Coleman). 


R T (Robert Timbrell ?) 


G G, as 1684 
(Geo. Garthorne ?) 


NL. 


W E, mullet above and | 
below. 


I C in = monogram, 
crowned. 


G F, fleur-de-lys below. 


I H crowned. 


i 00. 
B. 
W G crowned 


(Wm. Gamble ?) 
W H crowned. 


T A, 3 pellets, and a 
trefoil. 


D G crowned. 


C A between cinquefoils. 
I G crowned. 

1S (John Spackman ?) 

I N, star below. 


D A crowned. 


I L, mullet above, fleur- 
de-lys below. 


_B B, addorsed, in mono- 


gram (Benj. Bathurst ?) 


H C, 3 pellets, mullet and 
2 annulets, 


C C in monogram 
(Christopher Canner ?) 


D W (Dd. Willaume ?) 


M E, mullet below. 


DATE. GOLDSMITHS MARKS. 


H P between 2 mullets. 


O, enclosing R. 


T K, fish above, trefoil 
below. 


E T between 2 pellets. 
W S (William Scarlett). 


RM. 


I G crowned. 


E M. 


S L in monogram, see 
1695. 


ST. 


A N in monogram 
(Anthony Nelme). 


~ | RD linked, with 4 an- 
| nulets, 


P crowned (Benj. Pyne). 


R F conjoined. 


H B between 2 mullets. 


H V. 


S H in monogram 
(Sam Hood). 


I in dotted ellipse. 


I R crowned 
(John Ruslen ?) 


T A, see 1690 
(Thomas Allen ?) 


M G, bird above, cres- 
cent below, 


W H bird below. 
I F. 


R G, two sexfoils above 
and one below. 


T H conjoined. 


DATE, 


, 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


aQoda aMsdecacacsaahaGs came 


I intersecting S, see 
1684. 


Peter Harache. 
John Hodson. 


M B conjoined 
(Moses Brown ?) 


William Keatt, 
S. 


A G, crescent below. 


M M (Mat. Madden ?) 


Jonah Kirk, 


Isaac Davenport. 
Anchor between E § 
crowned, 


S L in monogram. 


S over W. 


M E conjoined. 
I S, see 1692. 
W V in monogram. 


GM. 


T Z, crown above, 
mullet below, see 1683. 


John Penfold (probably). 
T B, crescent below, 


H C in monogram. 


T Z_ crowned, with 
mullet below. 


T B, mullet above, 
crescent below, 


Lawrence Jones 


DATE. 


HPAScsOassgaag 


GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS, 


Thomas Brydon. 


Jonathan Bradley, 

R W. 

Fras, Garthorne, 

F. 

Christopher Canner. , 
RG, 

I S in monogram. 


T B, crescent below, 


Ga (possibly Fras, 
Garthorne). 


» 
ves 
: 
— - 
a 
+ 
*. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 65 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


} 
’ 1697 Cot Lawrence Coles ent. 1697 | . 1697 & Jas. Chadwick ent. 1697 


Wm. Gibson 


Thriscross.,, a: ” 


” ” 


Alexr. Roode ren pape a Name not traced. 


Mathew West “rae Oat ’ " Thos. Allen 


Jas. Edgar Ae ae " Moses’ Brown 


Andrew Moore Sher ” Danl. Garnier 


Edmd. Townsend , Thos, Ash 


- 
- 


Ci Williams , 


- 
- 
- 


Mathew Madden i) as 


Fras. Archbold 
Lawrence Jones Cae uy 


Wm. Francis se ee Benj. Bradford "oo 


John Hodson Wm. Bainbridge ,, 


Smithsend ,, -, 
Edward Ironside 
Wimans rat 
? Thos. Ash ” ” 
Benj. Pyne Gael 


Geo. Garthorne ,, 5» 


(probably) 
p vf Jno. Shepherd ae ae 


; : Daniel inter ae ts Frances Hoyte 1” OO 
: (see p. 153) 

c de Hugh Roberts ya 
‘ 

fe Isaac Dighton aie; 

é (see p. 155) rm Ed. Jones Gels 
aS 

x 

: + Wm. Gimber Wa sar teee a Wm. Brett rey, 
; ; Fe Edwd. Courthope FF $3 ** Dorothy Grant ” ” 
a ~ Sam. Hood Fie . Stephen Coleman aaa 
| E 


Christr. Canner aes. Jno. Brassey ws 


9 


Fras. Garthorne ,,_ 5, Rich. Nightingale ,, 


Geo. Titterton Peart es 


Fee 


Thos. Parr ye hie #8 


ca 


ro Ee eet! | Os 


» 


8S QSURASSAEODIDOHERESE 
@QSGaQGseeecSecogaaescs aS se enegasgy 
| 2 


Wm. Denny & \ f 


John Backe Jn’th’n Lambe ies 


& i Be @ 


The date in the left-hand column means that the piece of silver found was dated in that year. It is often 
much later than the year when the mark was entered. 


ae 
. 
a 
re 


DATE. 


SROGAEGERBBSEOSOHEOSORBEBeoeegeaesSe 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Jos. Bird ent, 1697, 
Chas, Overing os 
Thos. Brydon baa ee 
Thos. Issod eey' 
Robt. Peake 


”” ” 


Wm. Scarlett ape lee 


Jos. Stokes Ue 
Philip __Rolles on 
John Fawdery . » 
Thos, Ash on 
James Edgar yoo” 


Richard Syngin ” 49 


Joseph Bird se 
Andrew Moore Ae uceee 
Joyce = Issod Tee 
Isaac Dighton i = 9 
stew Wimang) 


Anthy. Nelme ees 
Geo. Cox » 1698. 
John Cove ” ” 
Wm. Bull ae ghee 


Geo. Garthorne ,, 1697. 


Wm. Mathew ” ” 


Jonath’n Bradley ge 


Edwd. Yorke = 


DATE, 


GOABgleseae FG aGoeoe © SEHMWSIOSO SH 


Henry Collins ? 


Richard Nightingale ? 


Isaac Dighton 


(see pp. 152 and 154) 


Name not traced, 


Jos. Sheene, 
Benj. Bentley 
Wm, Matthew 


Wm, - Fawdery 


John Ruslen 
Wm. Scarlett 
Jno. Ladyman 
Robt, Cooper 


Lawrence Coles 


John Sutton 
John Hely 

Job Hanks 
Jno, Porter 
White Walsh 
Benj. Bentley 
Wm. Lukin 
Benj. Traherne 
John Cory 
John Diggle 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 


ent, 1698. 


” 


” 


” 


”» 


Ad 


” 


” 


”» 


” 


oe 


1697. 


” 


1687, 


1697. 


” 


DATE. 


BS 
® 
es 
ci 
4 
oy 
® 
& 
BLE 
& 
@ 
s) 
Sy 
@ 
0 
g 
FA) 
fh 
a 
@ 
ie 
vy 
si 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


ie] 
bas | 
ry 
n 


Sam. 


Isaac 


Jno. 
Sam 


Pierre 


John 


Isaac 


John 
Joseph 


John 


Richd. 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Singleton ent. 1697. 


Thorne 


Davenport 
Chartier _,, 
Dell 

Platel 
Downes ? 
Davenport 


Gould. 
Leach 


Ward 


Cory 


Syngin 


Andrew Raven 


John 
Alex. 
Philip 
John 


Wm. 
Jos. 
Sam. 


Jno. 


Laughton . 


Roode 
Oyle 


Broake 


Fawdery  ,, 1700. 
as 1697. 
ent. 1701. 


Stokes 
Wastell 


Jackson 1697. 


Name not traced 


Thos. 


David 


Ralph 


Jenkins 


Willaume 


Leeke 


ent. 1697. 


DATE. 


* 


As 


eeeaeQa 


8 
Mal 
LE 
9 
@® 
& 
@ 
B 
a 
© 
SI 
cy 
i 
ts 
io 
ie 
S 
LAN | 


Phillip Roker 
Mat. Madden 
George Lewis 
Henry Aubin 
Rich. Biggs 
Steph. Edmonds 
Wm. Gossen 
Edm. Proctor 
John Tiffin 
Alex. Roode ? 
Frans. Singleton 
156). 
Ed. Gibson 
Pierre Harache 
Benj. Watts 
Sam Hood 
Sam Jefferys 
Henry Green 
Wm. Andrews 
Thos. Brydon 
Wm. Keatt 
Willo’by Masham 


Name not traced. 


Wm, Keatt 


Sam Hawkes 


|F ras. Archbold 


Josh. Field 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


ent 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


9 


ent. 


” 


a” 


” 


oh) 


” 


1701. 


DATE. 


” 


1702-3 


” 


SBeBEHe sn eoeceeoas@SeSsdsa® 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


John 


Ralph 


John 
Danl. 


Alexr. 


Stepn. 


Henry 


Richd, 
John 


Wm. 


Goode 


Leeke 


Read & \ 
Sleamaker 


Hudson 


Coleman 


Greene 


Syngin 
Eckfourd 


Gamble 


Jonath’n Crutchfield 


Humph, Payne 


Name not traced. 


Thos, 


Jos. 


Jno. 


Sadler 
Ward 
Downes 
Cope 
Waterhouse 
Barnes 


Russell 
Chadwick 
Cooper 


Greene 


Name not traced. 


ent. 1700, 


” 


” 


” 


oI 


as 


” 


Henry Aubin, see 1700, 
(earliest ment. 1700), 


? 


Fraillon. 


Name not traced. 


1697. 


1701. 


DATE. 


1702-3 


” 


” 


HSS ROvrESERBEESCHSRPaROAEBSSERSH 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Jonathan Madden 


Robt. 


Matt, 


Jno. 


Thos. 


Ed. 


Wm. 


Lovell 


Cooper 


Rand 
Jenkins 


Gibson 


Andrews 


Name not traced. 


Broake. 


Soane or Soame. 


Jonah 
Gabl. 
Saml. 
Chas. 
Jno. 


Nat. 


Kirke 


Player 


Smith 


Williams - 


Snelling 


Greene 


Name not traced, 


Wm. 


Wm. 


Warham 
Charnelhouse 
Archer 

Peele 


Petley 


Stokes ? 


Denny 


Lewis 


% 


” 


” 


ent, 1 702. 


” 


” 


bad 


” 


1704. 


1699. 


1697. 


1699. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 69 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Clifton ent. 


am! 1704-5 Thos. Saddler ent. 1701. 
| Corosey 
Henry Penstone ,, 1697. 
Wm. Warham ,, 1705. 
Jno. Cole 1» os 


+ Thos. Corbet ,, 1699. 


Jno. East 4a 


Lock » 1698. 


Z 
i 


” & Jno. Gibbon #1700: 
& Ba John Barnard ,, 1702. 
‘AD) Chas. Adam ik 7O2s 
1706- ‘ Bagbitt 2 
” @ Geo. Havers Pa LOO 7s teal he ao » 1703 

; MA Wm. Middleton ,, i Eee a SELENE vr 8 700: 
: : ” HV} Alex. Hudson 7 £704, " Wm. Juson 1 1704. 
EL a cae 
i ” Wm. Spring , 1701. ” Timothy Ley » 1697. 
2 ” John Backe »» 1700. 
Be " Cos Jno. Cooke »» 1699. 

-, ” 

- x 80 Bere) Gone brat Launcelot Keatt sex 7OTs 
: " FL) Jno. Fletcher ,, 1700. x nen Fyne 9 3097) 
i 1705-6 w Robt. Timbrell ,, 1697. rs Jacob Margas ,, 1706. 

ise & Wm. Fawdery 1 9» Jno. Ladyman ,, 1697. 
< a ” Louys Cuny ey LG RSE 
” Ate Samuel Pantin 4 igpie 
PA 


Jno. Abbot »» 1706. 


Jon. Madden __,, 1702. 


(see 1702) Wm. Spring ,, 170%. 


Isaac Liger L704. ” Jno. Crutcher ,, 1706. 
(see below) 


Wm. Fordham ,,__,. 
Matthew Pickering ,, 1703. 


& 
of 
4 e 
7 ‘ ie Wm. Fleming ,, 5 
ap 
Q 
wal 
® 
B 


Name not traced. 


Danl. Sleath a 1704s 
Thos. Spackman ,, 1700. 


Wm. Flemi ee L0G7- 
Mathw. Lofthouse ,, 1705. oe ang 97 


Thos. Burridge ,, 1706. 
Saml. Wastell yy F7OI. 


John Leach +» 1697. 


re 


Bh PUPS OS Oaaahesf SSI 


Josh. Readshaw ,, 1697. 


‘Bl 


Anthy. Nelme ,  » 
Isaac Liger 1, 1704. 


70 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Pierre Le Cheaube ent. 1707. Wall ent, 1708. 


Richard Hutchinson ,, 1699. Jno. Clifton 


Philip Roker »» 1697. Richard Clarke 


Benj. _—_ Harris Bie 3 John — Chartier 


Jno. W. Stocker & 


Chr, Atkinson »» 1707. Edw. Peacock J” 


Phil, Rainaud rite Clifton (?) 
Thos, Fawler se eS Allen 
Jos. Smith sty ag Turner 
Samuel Lee Re de ce) @ 

Pincking 
Benj. Pyne » 1697, Greene 
Saml. Wastell »» Or, Laun. Keatt 
| John Backe ty» 1700, | Jno. Rand 


Mary Matthew ‘ Simon Pantin 


Jos. Bird »» 1697. Phil. Rolles 


Thos.  Farren +» 1707. See 1702, 


Philip Rolles, Jr. »» 1705. Wm. Francis 


Andrw. Dalton 
Wm. Warham 6 370 


Ebenezr. Roe 


Lawrence Jones »» 1697. 


Thos. Prichard 


Chris. Riley Hen. Clarke 


Alice Sheene +, 1700, Jas. Wethered 


Jno. Read »» 1704. Richd, Watts 


Jno, Bodington ,, 1697. Thos, Folkingham 


Wm, Fawdery »» 1698, Jno. (Smith 


Henry Greene » 1700. Wm, =_— Hinton 


@ | 
B 
a 
& 
@ 
ci 
° 
iB 
a 
& 
Bey 
R 
fo 

a 
B 
vB 
& 
& - 
¥ 
@ 
oo 
@ 
& 
& 


Anty. Blackford » 1702. 


SSONPMOCEBMMSeseceHhehkea dSapgqes 


Geo. Gillingham 


G 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 16: 


DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


ds 
@ 
mw 
@ 
® 
a 
ro) 
Ky 
oo 
@ 
633 
& 
RY] 
Ke) 
cy 
& 
co 
ow 
PE) 
@ 
S 
By 


Mettayer ent, 1700. 


Cornock ,, 1707. 


Wisdom 1704. 
Pearson 17Ip. 
Twell 1709. 
Beschefer 1704. 


Margas 1706. 


Rood 1710, 


Keigwin 
Gabriel Sleath 
Name not traced. 
Jacob Margas 
Jas. Goodwin 
Abm. Russell (?) 


Robt. Keble 
Jos. Sheene 


Stockar 


Truss 


Mountfort ,, 

Malyn 

Flight 
Edmd, Pearce 
Dorothy Grant 


John East 


Joseph Barbitt 


DATE. 


SSCSSRBRSHEERESR2SE SSS ERRGSOSCHR 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
Johan Porter ent, 1698. 


Richard Williams 1712, 
Wm,  Penstone 
Ed. Jennings 1709. 
Jno. Read »» 1704. 
Lewis Mettayer (probably). 
Nich, Clausen ent. 1709. 

Holaday 

Courtauld 

Greene 

Chamberlen 


Dalton 
Matthew 
Newton 
Sutton 
Rand 
Lofthouse 
Dalton 
Gibson 
Lukin 
Richd. Bayley 
Richd. Raine 
John Hobson 
Glover Johnson 
Wm, Turbitt 


Richd, Williams 


GSSGHOSSSecossaegeqgoange sags 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 


Thos, Bevault 


Jno. M. Stockar 


Samuel Margas 


Ambrose Stevenson 


Natl Locke 


Hugh Robert 
Gabriel Sleath 
Mark Paillet 


Henry Collins 


Edw. Vincent 
Jno. Ludlow 


Gundry Roode 


Thos. Mann 
Thos. Ewesdin 
Wm. __ Looker 
John Bathe 


Wm. Juson 
Seth Lofthouse 


Robt, Timbrell & 
Benj. Bentley 


David Tanqueray 


Joseph Fainell 


Thomas Bevault 


Glover Johnson 


Mich’! Bou't 


Name not traced, 


ent. 1712, 


1710, 


1706, 


Pas H>CRSCeSeteepGerpageeQuaeage 


John vane % 
Sam Welder 
Rich’d Green 
Jno, Holland 
Sam]. Hitchcock 
Saml, Welder 
Philip Brush 
Josiah Daniel 
Nathl. Bland 
Richd. Gines 
Henry Beesley 
Henry Miller 
Thos, Allen 
David Killmaine 
Fras. Plymley 
John _Corporon 
Danl, Sleamaker 
Humph. Payne 
‘Petley Ley 
Thos, Port 
Richard Greene 
Edward Jones 
Josiah Daniel 
(see 1714) 
Jas, Goodwin — 
Danl. Yerbury 
Geo, Lambe 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAM&. 


} ent: 


$Y 


9 


” 


- 170%. 


” 


” 


1697. 


1715. 
w 


1716, 


1704. 


1715. 
1713. 
1703. 
1697. 
1714. 
1710, 
1715. 


1713. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 73 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 


1717-8 Joseph / Ward enc. 1717, 


Robt. Hill ent, 1716. 
Thos. Holland Peeve ”" Edward Barnet ay GTS 
ohn Holland our Is 
J ptt ” Chas. Jackson ,, 1714. 
(see 1718 below) 
Nat. Roe ie i ge 
” William Pearson ,, 1710, 
Jos. Clare oy 2 7%3. (see 1716) 
- Isaac Riboulau ,, 1714. 
Thos, Mason PY 10: 
; ; or Edw. Barnet Set Ss 
Paul Lamerie He 7g eS 
5 Phil, Ropimson! ., £713; 
: Thos. Ewesdin Ap EVs 
4 Thos. 1 707. 
< Jas. - Seabrook os 17%4. M beet rng ges ite 2797 
; ~ Jno. Harris aie 3 120, 
Petley Ley ee yee 
se Wm. Street peel 7 i7e 
. Phillip Robinson eek Tide 
2 cs Jas. Smith ye LETS 
: Joseph Clare ws 
(see above and 1719) A Thos. Shermer ea 7Ey, 
4 Anty. Nelme » 1697. 
3 : (Re Starling Wilford Se si 
Es 
é Geo. Lambe ay F713. Pact tinct re As 


Wm. Bellassyse ae ep P Thos, Burridge ., 5, 


David Green vy I7OI. Wm. Bellamy oF ” 


Jno. Guerrie POR Lee Saat Welder Es st 


Darl. Cunningham ,, 1716. Ambrose Stevenson ,, 1706. 


Jos. Bell. ” oo» Wm. _—siPPetley 1 1717. 


Richd. Edwards enue est Paul Hanet ee ah iy 


Jas. | Morson Sep Ate He John Farnell <,, 1714. 
Wm. Pearson » 1717. = Chas. Jackson 4, 15 
Jas.(?) Fraillon A, pies ss Thos. Parr ,, 1697. 


Robt. Kempton Ho ae 


” 


Geo, Beale ee eRe 


Wm.  Penstone ESky 


PBSAESOHOSEOCSCHRKRSEYRMSG HSS, Ceee 
BBSSeSCGOOCHPORIBEOCSOSEESHESES 


Ed. Holaday ,, 1709. 


DATE. 


? 


+ 


” 


SEHPohahSeesceosegasee SEORSD 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


David Tanqueray ent. 
(see 1714) 
Henry Clarke = 
(see 1709) 
Thomas Mason Pes 
Thomas _ Tearle 


(see 1719 below) 


” 


” 


LE 


” 


0 


John Keigwin 
John Sanders 
Wm. Fawdery 
{as 1705) 
Wm. Darkeratt 
Hugh Saunders 
John Bignell 
Geo, Gillingham 
Jno. Millington 
Jno, Lingard 
Do, do. (for O.S.),, 
Thos. Tearle 
(see 1718-9) 
Thos, Langford 
Réné Hudell 
Wm. Spackman 
Geo, Boothby 
John White 
John le Sage 
Benj. Blakeley 
Wm. Paradisé 
Lawrénce (?) Jones 


1713. 


1709. 


1716, 


1719. 


1710, 


1717. 


1697. 


DATE. 


1719-20 


Ge 
& 
e 
&S 
& 
SW 
Ly 
i) 
EH 
@ 
& 
@ 


2005 aH B G> aH 


John 


Gibbons ent, 1700. 


Thomas Shermer 1717. 


Wm. 


Darkeratt 1718. 


(see 1718) 


Edw. 


Barrett 1715. 


James Smith . 1718, 


Gabriel Sleath 1706, 


Thos, 


Allen 


(2nd Mark) 


Thos. 


Edw. 


Saml, 


Thos. 


Morse 


Gibbon 
Smith 


Steward §. 4, <x 


Clare, as 1716-7. 
Gerrard ent. 1719. 
Hickman ,, 
Pea 27 
Brydon 


Gladwin 


Starling Wilford 


John 
John 


Paul 


Lingard 


Jones 


Hanet 


Edwd. Hall 


Bowles Nash 


——— Hodgkis 


Phyllis Phillip 


Il ADYOHD AO NOJAY AHL tO WHATS NOGNOT 


SAdIpJDH al4Q—) ayi fo Ksatsnoy 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate ah 


DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Joseph Fainell ent, 1710, t7a0-t Bromley _—_ ent. 1720. 


Phyllis Fhillip 1720, th 


Richard Gines Bignell 


” ed 


Wm. Scarlett 
(O.S, as before 1697) 


Mary Rood 


Betts 


99 ” 


Boult. 


ve tA} 


Christr, Gerrard Hitchcoc’ 


” Ly 


John Edwards 1» 1697. Sadler 


Thos. Evesdon 
(see 1721-2) 


Boothby 


William Looker oy . Rolles 
” Hopkins 
Paul Lamerie we ATES 
as do. 
Paul  Crespin » 2720, 2" Welder 
Geo. Lambe eat LP ” Penfold 
(widow of) (probably) 


Turner 
William Fawdery »» 1720, 
Morson 


Henry Millar oe 

fi Millington 
Thomas Folkingham ,, _,, Sa Folkingham 
Petley Ley et ep * Ludlow 
(see 1716) 


Mann 


> 


John Fawdery i», 1697. 


Matt. Cooper VE Ed. Jennings ~ 


Ann Tanqueray ,, 1720. Do. do. (0.S.) », 


Chas, Jackson erty las Richd. Watts 


Sarah Holaday boa Name not traced, 


o 


SSRPHOHoHAASARBRPSSSRRSERMPEBSSCSESE & 


Hugh Arnett & J. Burridge 
Ed, Pocock wae 


no. Barnard 
Name not traced, J 


GBRBSSSso SOROS SOHMSOooeaga 


” A’brose Stevenson 


Thos. Bamford he ye 


& 
3 
© 
cm 
& 
cs 
e 
@ 
@ 
p 
& 
[BR | 
LN | 
me 
8 
ic 
@ 
G 
@ 
a 
B 
@ 
tt 
EB 
@ 
> 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Feline ent, 1720, 


Seabrook 
Steward 
Miller 

Squire 

Sleath re 
Roker (N.S.) ,, 
do. (0O,S.) ,, 


Brydon 


Greene 


Pearce 
Brumhall 
Newton 
Matthew 
Lee 
Clarke 
Corosey 
Farnell 


Glover Johnson 


Looker 


Rainaud 


Vincent 
(probably) 


Liger 
Jay 
Clare 


Arnett & 
Pocock 


DATE. 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


4 


Esp>Gisiser>oneade b 


ne eH 6 PEE 


Simon Pantin ent. r717. 


John Wisdome ,, 1720, 
(probably) 


Jane Lambe 1719. 
Turner 1720. 
Buteux 


Lee 


Truss 
do. 


Name not traced. 


Sarah Holaday 
(see 1720-1) 


Joseph Bell? 


Thos. Evesdon 
(see 1720-1) 


Edmund Pearce 


Simon Pantin 
(see above) 


Bowles Nash 


Edward Feline 1720. 
(see 1720) 


Jno. le Sage 1718, 


Ed, Wood = -, 2° ss 
Benj. Pyne as 1706. 
Name not traced. 

Anth. Nelme as 1756. 
Edw, Jennings ent. 1720, 


ee es ee 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate ai 


+ 
DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Jno. 


Bignell ent. 1720. 


Richard Watts ent, 1720, 


Natl. 


Gulliver 1» «£722. Ed. Dymond ,, 1722. 


David Willaume 1720. Jeremiah King » 1723. 


Do. do. 


Jno. Eckford. 


| Wm. Soame es 


Isaac Riboulau ” 


7 Pere ‘Pilleau Do. do. ” Oo» 
Edw. Wood John —_Jones ” oo» 
Jas. Gould Do. do. » 9 
Nich. Clausen Henry Dell speigaa. 


| Phil. ‘Wm, Owen New eee 


Robinson 


Phil. Goddard = 98 ” John Gibbons ” ” 


Do. Meshach Godwin _,,_ 1722. 


do. 


Gulliver John East x Tas. 


Natl. 1723-4 


Cornasseau 


Isaac Thos. Farrer »» 1720. 


Do. do. Thos. Morse ” o» 


Michl. Nicholl Aug. Courtauld ,, 1708. 


John Clarke over ® Jnthn. Madden ,, 1702. 


Geo. Young Edw. Peacock ,, 1710. 


Jno. Clarke Richd. Scarlett ,, 1723. 


Jas. Fraillon John Chartier 4, 9» 


Ed. Dymond »» 1722. Arte Dicken +» 1720. 


Joseph Adause e Paul Lamerie  ,, 1712. 


John le Sage John = Jones 1719. 


Edw. Gibbons ,, 1723. 


Philip Brush? 
Wm. Spackman ,, 1720, 


Isaac Cornasseau ,, 


SPEORRSESHEMESSPHSOSBSBRPABHGBEKBBBES 


Jnthn, Robinson ,, 1723. 


SGRMESCSDIISHHOHSGSHDSCSHEOS 


78 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


; > 
DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE, MAKERS MARK AND NAME. 


John Bignell ent, 1718. 


Jas. Burne ent. 1724. 
(see 1720-and 1722) 


Geo. Squire »» 1720. Do. do. » 


Saml,. Hatten oa oon 
Thos. Wall (?) » 1708, 


Arte Dicken? or ,, 5 ag Do. do. ” 


: John Diggle Atay Loop 
Ed. Peacock 4 6 
John Motherby (?),, 1718. 
John Owing ,, ,, 


Sam Hitchcock ,, 1712. : 
Peter Simon ,, 1725, 
Wm. Fawdery? ,, 1720. 
John Gibbons ,, 1723. 
Jnthn. Robinson _,,_ 1723. 


Aug, Courtauld ” 1708. 
Richd. Edwards en ieee 


John cee Jaa Josiah Daniel ,, 1714. 

5 ” : 
John Edwards & Peter Simon ,, 1725+ 
Geo. Pitches 1723 


ohn Mother 1718, 

Richd.. _Bigge : J by 17 
(probably) ‘i - 

Richd. Scarlett oo 37TH John ero yy 1717. 


David Tanqueray ,, 1720. Jnthn. Newton ny 1718. 


Abm, Buteux oo 37ST. Abm, de Oliveyra ,, 1725. 
Meshach Godwin ~ 13722, John Eckfourd ,, ,,. | 
Humphy. Payne »» 1720. jooh, Healy <4, iq i 
Paul Crespin Perr 


Do. do. ” ” 
Jacob. Margas 2 ss Robt, Lucas ,, 1726. 
Fleurant David +» 1724. 


Do. do, ok 


Mathw. Lofthouse » 24721. 


Goober nhbeshoomsa sos searhoagde 


John Edwards >9 5724; 
Edw. Conen = “yy 
John Jones + 57a> 
W’'sc’mbe Drake os «3724. 
“J ohn White ’ ” 


Ge>SeoghpP>esaeneoachas@RRacoagene 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Jacob Margas ent. 1720. 
(see 1724) 


Starling Wilford (?) ” ” 
(see 1728 and 1737). 


Edward Feline Peay) ” 
(see also 1722-1729) 


John Gibbons 1723. 
Edw. Vincent ” 
(see 1729) 
Thos. Mason »9 1720. 
Jas. Gould ys 1742: 
John Edwards ,, 1724. 
Geo. Wickes hae yee 
Thos, Clark. so ©1725. 
Thos. England 1% 
Wm. Scarlett ey) 
Peter Tabart > 0 
Do. do. oo 
Mathew Cooper ere 


Do. do. eo 


Louis Laroche » 68 


John ~—— Fiavill sy et 720, 


3 Name not traced. 
Wm.  ODarkeratt§ ,, 1724. 
Richd. Green 5» 1726. 
Benj. _- Pyne (as before 1697). 
Peter Archambo ent. oe 


| 
Wm. Fawdery’ ,, 1720. 


SPARSSHSBMARHBAARPSoMPcae henge 


Wm. Atkinson ek 725. 


DATE. 


MAKERS MARK AND 


asoemOBQGMeeerms iC aanabe ds OO 


Robt. Lucas 
(variant of mark ot) 


Thos. Evesdon 


NAME. 


ent, 


(see 1720 and 1721) 


Fras, Nelme 
Bern’d, Fletcher 
Thos. Bamford 
Robt. Williams 
Do. do. 
Gawen Nash 


Chas,  Perier 


Do. do. 


Geo. Brome. 


Peter le Chaube 


Isaac  Ribouleau 


“Jas. -Smith 
Edw. Wood 
Ed. Cornock 


Saml. Bates 


| Thomas England 


Richard Pargeter 
Matt. -Cooper 
(see £725) 
?Andrew Raven 
Jno. le Sage 


Name not traced. 


Sarah Holaday 


| 


John East 


Jonah Clifton 


op 


oe 


as 


os 


os 


o 


9 


79 


* 


1726. 


1713. 


1722, 


1725, 
1720. 
£726. 
” 


oD, 


DATE. 


Sd 


9 


te 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Pe@Sea@GesBsOSBSORGIReosRsa@ Ovo Begs 


Do. 


Saml. Laundry 


Edmd, Bodington 


Chas. Kandler & 


Jas. Murray 
Do, do. 
Edw. Bennett 


Hester Fawdery 
Thos, Cooke 
Richd, Hutchinson 


Chas, Kandler 


Geo. Weir 
do. 


Name not traced, 
Brokesby 
(probably) 
Bentley 
Johnson 
I. Wichaller 


Hatfield 


Sam, Laundry 
Matw. Cooper 
David Willaume 
Danl. Cunningham 
Richd. Gines 

Geo. Gillingham 
Chas. Hatfield 


Jacob Foster 


DATE. 


ent, 1727. & 
1 &® 
» © & 
oe 
vo @ 
e td @ 
oe Lid ca 
eo Ly EG) 
ay oP 
a .y 4 a 
oe oe ® 
{ 
| & 
oo R 
ee o & 
es re 
1727- 
oe TRF | 
w 1728. 
} io 
a» 1727. & 
a oe | @ 
w 1725 & 
ow 1728. 8 
« 1720. 

LW.-F) 
°° 08 sw 
ww 172%. ” 

| 31I 
o» 1727. 
ov 3726, 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 


Saml. Green 


ent. 1721. 


Wm. _— Darkeratt 


eo 1720. 
James Goodwin o 72%. 
Tim. Ley (as before 1697) 

Blanche Fraillon ent, 1727. 


Isaac Callard 


»» 1726. 
Name not traced, 

James Wilkes 
Peter Archambo 


Josh. 


Holland 


Simon Pantin 
(see 1729) 


John Millington 
Edward Bennett 
Ralph Frith 


Do. do. 


Geo. Hodges 
Do. do, 
John Fawdery 
John Montgomery. 
? John Richardson 
?.Wm, Fordham 
Starling Wilford 
(see 1725 and 1737) 
‘John « Tuite 
Thos, + Tearlé 


Ed. Vincent 
(see 1725) 


DATE. 


TN ee ee ee ee ee eee hg ee 


a ee Se ee a ee ey ee es a Ree eg ee eg Ce 


Lt ee Ng Tee 


Pea! 


1730°t 


AADhDOSHMAZSSVOSOSHOM MSE 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate SI 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


) AC | Anthony Nelme _ ent. 


Chas, Martin ” 


Edwd. Feline 
(see 1722 and 1725) 


%” 


Abel Brokesby =» 


(s€e 1727) 


Stmon Pantin 
(see 1728) 


George Jones 
(see 1735-6) 


Name not traced. 
Paul Lamerie 


Ralph Maidman 


Richd. Scarlett 
(see 1723) 


Name not traced. 
John Jones 


Saml. Margas 


Chas. Alchorne 
Sam. Welder 

Benj. Goodwin 
Name not traced. 
Edith Fletcher 
Eliz. Goodwin 


Maitland 


Aug. Courtauld ent. 1729. 


Paul Lamerie 
Sanil. Jefferys 


Gabi. Sleath 


” 


” 


” 


+” 


ys 2728. 
of the “Grasshopper,” Suffolk Street. 


” 


” 


SD] 


. 1724. 


172. 


1720. 


1727. 


1719. 


bh 


99 


1712. 


1697 


I 720. 


DATE. 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Richd. Bayley ent, 1720. 
Wm. Belassyse ,, 1723. 


Isaac Callard ok 7 20s 


Wm.  Petley wy 5720. 
Peré _—Pilleau 
Chas. Kandler op a 727: 


John White 


Anne Tanqueray ,, 1720. 


?Saml, Laundry _,,_-1727. 
(see also 1727) 


John Chapman _,, 1730. 
(see 1737) 


Samuel Hitchcock 
Jas. Jenkins ey A AEE 
Wm. Justus fy oth 
Wm. Reeve 
Aaron Bates » 1730. 
Aug. Courtauld ,, 1708. 
John Gamon 1° 2728. 


Edwd. Yorke 99 1730. 


Geo. Hindmarsh ,, 1731. 


David Willaume ,, 1728. 
Wm. Darker a BES 
Thos. England  ,, 1725. 
Jane Lambe a 1729 
Mary Lofthouse ,, 1731. 


T Thos. Merry » 
Jeffrey Griffith Te) 


GESSHSLAAEHSE HOS SHRBDOHRGP SAD S 


82 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
Sarah Parr ent. 1720. Aug. Courtauld ent, 1729. 
Robt. Abe by & : 
Ba letearni Vad 473%. Jas. Slater 1732. 
Wm. Woodward ,, 4, 
Richd. Bayley 1720. 
Thos. Causton 5». (2730s 
Henry Herbert » 1734. 
(of the “ Three Crowns ") 
Etienne Rongent Pe ELE 
Soame o> 1732. 
Wm. —iDarker wo 
(see 1731) 
Buteux 1731. 
Richd. Beale PP atas 
Chapman 1729. 
Sam Laundry &)\ . P 79 
Jeffy Griffith fe ae 
Pp Lewis Pantin 
Joseph Smith. Pe ee 
Chas. Sprage 
Boris Sate nner Robt. Abercromby 
(see 1734) 
John Sanders 9, X 740. 


Geo. _ Braithwaite ? 


John Fawdery o 2726, earliest ment. 1728. 


(see 1728) 
Fras. Pages » 1729. Ralph .Maidman ent. 1731. | 
? Matt. Lofthouse ,, 1705. Caleb H ill 
Name not traced. Lewis Mettayer 
Wm. = Lukin, » 1725. Wm. Gould 


Fras. Spilsbury » 1720. 
(same mark found in square 


Robt. Abercromby 


stamp). (see 1733) 
Thos, Parr ent. 1732. John Newton 
Wm. Matthews ,, 1728, Pantin 
Jas. Savage a ab Pargeter 
h P. : 
John ero »» 1732 Arnell 
as. Gould Mar ee Coates & 
Jas, “ : French 
Geo. Smith $i hee 


Taylor 
R, W. (as 1696). 


Wm. Soame ss 
Chas. Gibbons Pri 
Wm. Shaw Pa Se 


John Eckfourd, jr. ,, 1725. 


pemhammsmesaahBere@seeo ese 
PSHPSESEGVEHSSSOSDCASPSHEREaR 


7 
7 
: 
* 
| 


: 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME.- 


eal 


GROMRPESES Herm RHpoehehbSBwpaeasns 


French ent 


Brooker 


Hutton 
Kidney 


Geo. Jones 


Richd. Gurney & 
Thos. Cook } 


Edw, Bennett 


Fred Kandler 
Benj. Godfrey 
(see 1739) 
Grif. Edwards 
Wm, Shaw 


Bennett 


White 
Wm. = Atkinson 


Wm. Young 


Name not traced, 
(see 1729-30) 


Francis Nelme 


John Barbe 
Geo. Hindmarsh ,, 


Christn. Hilland 


Name not traced. 


Henry Herbert Hey 


(of the ‘‘ Three Crowns”) 


Lewis 


Name not traced. 


Wm. Garrard 


Sam. Wood 


Hamon ee ELE 


», 1735- 


s9 1733-7- 


1737-8 


” 


” 


B 


PEGGCHRPHBPGaHMaSSEl BPR oEBee 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Benj. West 

Robt. Brown 

Ann Hill 

Thos. Mason 
John Jones 

John Fossey 
Bennet’ Bradshaw & 
R. Tyrill 
Jerem. King 

Thos. Mann 
David Hennell 
‘Benj. West 
Henry Herbert 

? Harvey Price 
Joseph. Allen & Co. 
Geo. Weekes 
Jos. Sanders 
Saml. Blackborrow 
Thos. Whipham 
Geo. Hindmarsh 

(see 1735-6) 
Starling Wilford 
John Chapman 
(see 1730) 

Robt. Williams 
Richd. Beale 
‘Simon Jouet 

Thos. Jackson 
Thos. Gladwin 


83 


ent. 1737. 
ve 1736. 
1 1734. 


» 1733- 


" ” 


w 1737+ 


» 1734. 


rt 720; 
» =1729. 
vw 1735- 
» 1730. 
2» 1720. 
” 1737: 
1» 1735- 
9 1729. 


» 1730. 


ed 720: 


SRG ERE 
» 1736. 


” 1737: 


84 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE. MAKERS MARK AND NAME, DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


1739-40 dip Ilumphrey Payne 


& Sarah Holaday 


Benj. Godfrey 
(see 1735) 


Thos. Whipham 


John Barrett ent. 


Geo. Baskerville ,, 


Philip Platel pa 
Jas. Jenkins ” 


Gundry Roode | sh ; 
Chas. Hillan 


John Robinson ,, 


B 


Kidney 


Jas. Schrude: e 
Lamerie 


Wm. Soame ” 
Blakeley 


Sam. Wood + 
Callerd 
Denis Wilks ak 


Griffith 
Richd. Zouch F 
Tearle 
Thos, Whipham ,, 
Fossy 
Fred Kandler os 


Crespin 
Jno. Robinson _,, ' 


: Harwood 
Louis Dupont ay 


‘Thos, Rush 3 Bayley 


Benj. Blakeley 3 Abercromby 


Henry Bates a Dupont 


2 


OSs GSO RPRBASHSYHSAICAESLRSEO 


| Philip Brugier _,, Hunter. 


Wm. West A Gwillim 


Fras. Pages = Boothby 
Robt. Hill = 
James Langlois __,, 
Fred Kandler . 


? Richd. Bayler ” 


John Pero 
(see 1732) 


” 


BESeseG GG BSR SSEBESOE 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 85 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


1739-40 Thos, England ent, 1739. 


Benj. Sanders ent. 1739. 


AS 


SPERSORBRESSESSSISHOSSESAFRBRAEESSH 


Robt. Lucas ae Abm. de Oliveyra aah He 


Ben. Godfrey ,, Thos. Mason et 


Do. do. . ‘“ ” Chas. Martin 1» 1740. 
Gawen Nash ” i 

” 1" Jos. Steward 1» 1739. 
John Bryans, .. 53 


Geo. Smith ” rT) 


Richard Beale ens 


Louis Laroche snes 


John Cam » 1740. 


ee ae we ee ae eS ees 


John Robinson ngs 


if Barbitt 2» 1739. Griff. Edwards » oo» 


Richd. Pargeter ,, 


John Pollock ” ” 
Marmdk, Daintry Jos Sanders 
a ” ” 


Ed. Bennetts. 3; 


Benj. Sanders 9 1737. 


Do. do. Wm. Garrard +» 1735. 


Bennett Bradshaw ,, 
& Co. 


Pe eee ee ee ee ee 


Gabl. Sleath sifotins 


) 


Thos. Bamford ,,_,, Richd. Gurney & Co. ,, 1739. 


John Eckfourd ,, ,, Wood »» 1740. 


ih) 


Wm. Shaw Bai 2 oa Chas. Bellassyse pow 


John Jacobs aaaness 
(see 1750) oe Sarah Hutton rT ” 
John Pero ” oo» : 


(see p. Igo) Ed. Lambe ” oo” 


gona pv hite eR ” Thos. Mercer cel ge 
Henry Herbert ,, ,, - John Barbe 9.789% 
Richd. Zouch ree fi Paul _Crespin » 1740. 
Susan’h Hatfield nf jf ” Isabel Pero ” ” 
Lewis Ouvry Hi Seen 
J. McFarlane ,,_,, a 
Henry Morris Spa a Jas. Gould wm 374% 
John Luff Edwd. Aldridge 9 2730: 
o» ” +h} 


Geese HlCeeeSCoogmoeesPanens ss 


(see 1744) 


86 


DATE. 


1740-1 


” 


1742-3 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


G 


SeaesHesHRSSHRoahaeas BeBH” S 


? John Owing 
Name not traced. 
Do. do. 

John Roker 
Abm. le Francis 
Benj. Gurdon 
David Hennell 
James Shruder 
Eliza Godfrey 
Saml. Roby 
Geo. Wickes 
Thos. Farren 
Dinah Gamon 
John Newton 
Thos. Gilpin 
Chas. Hillan 
John Stewart (?) 
Peter Archambo 
Jas. Willmott 
John Spackman 
Chas, Laughton 
Thos. Lawrence 
Jer’mi’h King 
Benj. Gurdon 
Robt. $2 yrrill 
Jno. Gould 


ent, 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


1724. 


1740. 


” 


” 


DATE. 


PSBBSSSREHPBOSs GSERs OMAP Sas 


Paul Crespin 


Jos. Allen & 
M’decai Fox } 


Robt. Brown 
Fras. Spilsbury 
Eliz, Tuite 
Anne Craig & 
John Neville 

(see 1745) 
Saml. Wells 
Robt. Abercromby 
Jas. Montgomery 
Jos. Timberlake 


Phillips Garden 


Paul Crespin 


John Cam 


Dd. Williams 


Benj. Sanders 

? Robt. Abercromby 
Wm, Hunter 
Wm. Gould 

Jas. Wilks 


Ed. Feline 
Aug. Courtauld 
Geo. Jones 
Jer’mi’h Ashley 
Henry Brind 


Robt. Abercromby 


Pere Pilleau 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


ent. £739. 


Aa 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


” 


_ - 
“i - % 
ae -_ ie et, Cp ee 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate . 87 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


1743-4 Thos. Whipham ent Jas. Morrison 


Benj. 
Name not traced. en) West 


Thos. Whipham & 
Wm, Williams 


Isaac Duke 


John Neville 
(see 1742) 


John Holland 


Ann Craig & } 
Ed. Malluson 


Geo. Methuen 


Ben. Cartwright 
Chas. Johnson 


Fred. Kandler 


" 


Ann _‘ Farren 
Wm. Cripps 
Geo. Ridout 


(@, 
Robt. Swanson Sait 


Wm. Soame or 
Wm. Shaw 


Edwd., Aldridge 
(see 1740) 


Higginbotham 


Baskerville 


eS eee 


Feline Jas. Manners, Jr. 


eat ? Jer’mi’h King 


ay + re 


Pilkingt 
ilkington John Swift 
(probably, see 1754-5) 


Hatfield fan Key 


Archambo Robt. Andrews 


uantors John Harvey 


a a ee ee et ee 


Videau Sam Wood 


» ht al 


Barbe Jas. Gould 


we 


Edwards Wm. Hunter 


Bagnall Peaston 


Gwillim “a Morrison 


Castle 


Smith Morris 


John Neville Barker 


Thos. Jackson Vincent 


Nich’s Sprimont Kersill 


GP 
be) 
& 
3 
G3 
|R-S} 
CF 
C7) 
@ 
& 
@ 
Gp 
& 
Id 
Ne 
& 
ys 


SCOSRERSSRBSSBEOMe seas Ss eae 


88 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


, 
MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS MARK AND NAME. 


Ernest Sieber ent. 1746. M’'decai Fox ent. 1746. 


Young Grundy 1748. 


Meriton Carman 


Herbert Young 


as John Barbe 


Jouet Geo. Hunter 


B@easagG 


Cartwright 


+) 
6 


Phillips Garden 


Sanders Shaw 


Gould Hartley 


Kersill Yeoute 


Williams 


Oldfield 
Saml. Courtauld reas 


(see 1750). 
Jacob Marsh 


Dowdall 


Danl. Shaw 
Thos, Carlton 


Walter Brind 


?John = Eckfourd 
1749-50 


? Benj. Griffin or Wm. « Grundy 


Benj. Gignac 


. Piers 
John Richardson Dan ‘ 


Benj. Cartwright 
Thos. Parr 


LW SJ 
} 
} 
Fo 
@ 
ap 
Pe 
&B 
LD P) 
RG 
BB 


Paul  Crespin 
M’duke Daintry 


= 
= 


Name not traced. 
Solomon 
Jerem’h King 


Herbert 
Abm. Portal 


> 
a] 


BRBEOSBEE 


Fray ; 
Abm. le Francis 


Cooper 
Jabez Daniel 
E Fe 

Ths ee Wm. MacKenzie 
John Wirgman 


Wm. = Kersill 
Hmphy. Payne 


(see 1739) Andrew Killick 


> 


Elias -Cachart 


| 
a 
&B 
3g) 
IS) 
ant. 
@ 
& 
+o, 
FE] 
wa 
& 
AD) 
Lw-S] 
1-F 
|B-C) 
FEM) 
& 
& 


tee 


Henry Haynes 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 89 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


1749-50 Geo. Bindon ent. 1749. ® John Berthelot ent 
a Thos, Mann os 2736. 1} L’r’nce Johnson 
* John Alderhead is) IF TSQ Ge Paillips Garden 
q i I Jas. Tookey ee: &b Math. Brodier 
; : Wien. Wooler Pee & Fras. Crump 
es Geo. Morris ee is FC) Do. do. 
¢. 1750-60 ESD | Name not traced. 
* Thos. Jeannes iets 
° 1751-2 ? John Wetherell 
1750-1 John Priest 1» 1748. 
John Payne 
* “C Chas. Chesterman ,, 1741. 
Denis Wilks 
a Eben. Coker Vet7s0; 
Fred Knopfell 
John Rowe » 1749. 


Saml. Taylor 
Richd. Gurney & Co. ,, 1750. 


P. Werritzer 
S. Herbert & Co. ,, 5, 


Moore 
Louis Guichard on A740 


Woodward ,, 
Geo. Campar ss 1749- 
. Smith 
Fuller White & 
” John’ Fray ry 750. ea 
Morris 
bs Henry Bayley ” oo” dates 
Winkins _,, 
John Jacobs “ (1739- 
, (see 1739) Pinard 


Saml. Courtauld a5 ul 7405 


Doweal 
(see 1747 and 1755) 


Thos. Beere 
Paul Lamerie eevee 
(see 1729 and 1730) 


” 
Phil. Bruguier 
A. Montgomery ,, 1750. 


@ 
FC 
@ 
Pw} 
cP 
ah 
NW 
GO 
BED) 
cs 
rea) 
RC) 


PRR RR = SSSR eSSESRBHSAH FEAR 


* Robt. Cox 

” Michl. Ward Pike Fe, ree ge PE 

” Geo.  Bindon 901 1740: RC) ate Rece 

" John Harvey ry 1750. wal Wm. Alexander 
A Thos. Smith stin OP John Payne 


cA 
& 
DP) 
TC) 
Pcl 
(GH 
DP) 
RS) 
RH, 
C) 
CAS) 
ed 
Tr 
73) 
TT] 
& 
zs) 
D> 
DS) 
a 
E34 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 


Wm. Homer 


Wm. Shaw &: 
Wm. Priest 


John Berthelot 
John Richardson 
Danl. Piers 

Chas. Chesterman 
John Carman 
Richd. Goldwire 
Phillips Garden 


Geo. Hunter 


Danl. Piers 
Turner & Williams 


Richd. Gosling 


Robt. Hennell 
John Cafe 
Alex. Johnston 


Fuller White 


Denis Wilks & 
John Fray } 


Wm. Bond 
Thos. Towman 


John Edwards 


Gabl. Sleath & 
Fras. Crump } 


D.C. Fueter 


Dorothy Sarbit 


Edward Aldridge 
(see 1740 and 1744) 


Edwd. Aldridge & 
John Stamper } 


DATE, 


1754°5 


>PDAa@BABBBSBHRERBRSBBBSOBE SB BB 


< 
<, 
~~ 


B® 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Rowe ent. 1753. 


Smith o» 1754. 


Le Sage 
Corry 


. Cartwright 


Buttall 


Wm. 


John Quantock 


Ed. Aldridge & 
John . Stamper 


Phillips Garden 
John Munns 
Do’thy Mills 

John Holland 


John Steward 


Thos. Collier 


Henry Dutton 


Walter Brind 


Geo. Baskerville& 
Wm. Sampel m 


Dobson Prior } 
& Williams ” 


John Delmester - ,, 


? Wm. Justus » 1739. 


John Swift io 
(see 1745 and below) 


Henry Miller ent. 1740. 


John Swift » 17390. 


eos - a ee 


. Makers’ Marks on London Plate gI 


, 
DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


rrieg: Wm. Sand t. ; 
755 3 m anden~ ent. 1755 ? Thos. Gilpin 


Simon LeSage ,, 1754. Thos. Heming 


Magd’n Feline » *753: Name not traced 


?Thos, Wright ,, 1754. 
Saml. Courtauld ,, 1746. Mathew Roker 
(see 1750) : 


Paul Crespin ,, 1739. 
(see 1749) 


Paul’ Callard 


Ww nara John Edwards 
m. on 

John Phipps } » 1754. 
Wm. Gould 


Wm. = Turner A Re 


4 iS Devonshire es 
Wm. Bond se TSS &W. Watkins 


J } Ben. Cartwright .,, 
as. ones 


Edw. Ja 
Peter Taylor » 1740. a 


David Hennell 
Fred Vonham _,, 1752. 
Joseph Clare 


see 1716 
Saml. Siervent ( 770) 


a ee ee ee a ON ng 


Eliza Godfrey 
John Wirgman ,, 1745. 


cet 


John Jacobs 
Richd., Mills TSS: 


W. & R. Peaston 
Benj. Brewood ,, 5, 


Ed. Doweal » 195%: Ed. Darvill 


Robert Inne 
Robt. Cox ee. 5155. end pie: 


Soe haere ees es NS ee 


Do. do. sede Stephen Ardesoif 


is) 


a_i 
- 


Thos. Beezley , 5, Ed. Bennett » 


John Kentenber & \ 
Albert Schurman ,, 1756. Thos. Groves , 


John Robinson ,, 1739. John Frost 


Do. do. 
Saml. Wheat » 1756. 


John Hyatt = 


Pierre Gillois Age age © Chas, Semore 


| 
: 
: 
. 


Arthur Annesley 
(see 1761) 


Robt. Burton 


Wm. Robertson ,, 1753. 


BSSeA@eseseS BHP eersSpatSEIcee 


gta 
FHC 
te) 
éh 
& 
re) 
w 
BD 
BC 
EJ) 
D-H) 
rR) 
% 
ip 
oe 
ED 
Rd 
SA 
Bs 
é& 
@ 
@ 
iB 
GD 


Wm. Caldecott ,, 1756. 


” 


’ 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


aS 


BEGG SE GS88 SG)boe ons Beas 


John 


Name not traced. 


Shaw & 
Priest 


Wm. 
Wm. 


Name not traced, 


Hague 
Wm. Bell 
Lewis Herne & 
Francis Butty 
Jos. Bell 


Name not traced. 


Ss. Herbert 
& Co. 
Fred. Kandler 
John Delmester 
John Perry 
|Saml. Wood, 
2nd mk. 
Geo. Ibbott 
John Perry 
Simon Le Sage 


? Walter Brind 
Wm. _— Cripps 


John _—‘ Hyatt 


John Schuppe ent. 
Wm. Cafe ” 
Fras. Nelme " 

| Saml, Taylor ” 
Wm. Cripps ” 


7 


” 


? 


? 


1753: 


1757: 


1722. 


1744. 


1743. 


1749. 


1758. 


1759- 


1757: 


1756. 


1750. 


1739. 
1755- 
1757- 


1739. 


1753- 


1757+ 


1754. 


1749. 


1743. 


1748. 


Henry Bayley (probably). 


DATE. 


| 


G@BSEBBBESSESHESEBSOCRBBEBGHERARBSB 


* 


Stephen Abdy *) 


Wm, Jury 
Alex. Barnett 
Thos, Congreve 
Thos. Doxsey 
Wm. Moody 
Wm, Day 
Saml. Eaton 

? Jno. Kentenber 
Robt. Rew 
Edwd.. Wakelin 


Name not traced. 


Fuller White 
Alex, Saunders 
John Moore 


C’nst’ne Teulings 


Wm. = Howard 
Geo. Methuen 
John = Eaton 
Name not traced, 
Jeremy Lee 
Richd. Rugg 
Wm. Plummer 
Louis Herne & 
Fras.  Butty 
Fras. Butty & 
Nicks. Dumee } 
Wm. Shaw 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


?Saml. Wheat ent. 1756. 


” 


” 


” 


1759. 
o» 
1756. 


1759. 


” 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 93 


Thos. §Whipham & Name not traced. 


Chas. Wright 1757: 


” 


W. & R. Peaston (probably). 
Geo. Ibbott ok ees. pation (prouably) 


Names not traced. 
Saml. Delamy i 


John Hyatt & } 


C. Semore ent. 1757. 


W.&J. Deane ” oo» 


Aug. Le Sage » 1767. 

Jos. Bell is £759. 
Thos. Freeman & 6 
Edwd. Aldridge bs j Marshall vy 1704. 
& Co. 


Anthy. Calame = Aye 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
1761-2 ohn Horsley. ' 1763- Danl. Smith & 
+H J y tant Robt. Sharp 
” AIS] John Gorham __ ent. 1757. ” T. & W. Chawner (probably). 
Arthur Annesley ap 1758. vs 

" PAA fee tren) Ebenezer Coker Re 

” Geo. Hunter »» 1748. ” PV Phil. Vincent ent. 1757. 
’ " & Magdalen Feline » 1753. H Wm. King » 1761. 
” (TH, Thomas Heming » 1745. " John Buckett. 
. (see 1756) 
a ” i 
e ® Mary Piers ert tt John Aspinshaw ,, 1763. 
: % John. Lamfert » 1748. 
j " Thos. Powell al 
& . ic. 1763-4 Name not traced. 
| 1762-3 LIS Jas. Jones Meg pict 
; Peery (NO tant vats cent 
: (probably) 
’ 1764-5 ; 

: Wm. Sanipel eae. D. & R. Hennell » 1768 
; ? Thos, Hannam 
4 “ Louis —_ Black » 176t. " Rich. Mills 


Wm. Day » 1759+ 


- W Wao mee Watkins ii. F75O J. A. Calame ”» 


ExA Paard  Aldrides 5 '1730- ” John Innocent (probably). 
W.&R. Peaston : 
‘, R+P R Peaston +» 1756.) J » (see above) 
1763-4 RT Richd, Thomas » 1755+ ” Wm. Cafe ent. T7357 


Tmpsn. Davis Smt S 7: ” Name not traced. 


Edward Aldridge ve 1739: ” Do. do. 


o 


Thos. Whipham & 
Chas. Wright ” 


SPSHRERSSCSSCaH eRe MBSR GE Sha ake 


Thos. eee} » 1758 


1758. » Chas, Wright 


@s8OE 


SB8BS 
SS gs N 


4 
Ps 


t- SREP SEEBESRORRC BAF 


-Do, do. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Names not traced. 


Wm. Caldecott ent. 1756. 


Eben, Coker (probably). 


Name not traced. 


Emick Romer 


Name not traced, 


?R. Peaston. 


John Allen ent. 1761. 
Sam. Howland ,, 1760. 


Geo, Hunter » 1765. 


T. & W. Chawner (probably). 


Name not traced. 


Louisa Courtauld. 

John Lampfert ent. 1748. 
John Langford *) 

John Sebille 

Matthew Ferris » 1759. 
Thos. Hannam id 

John Crouch 

Fras, Crump w 1756. 


Geo. Andrews 99 5703, 


Thos. Dealtry » 1765. 


Chas, Miegg » 1767. 
Dorothy Mills (probably). 
Thos 


Wynne ent. 1754, 


Jno. Richardson ,, 1752. 


Names not traced. 


DATE. 


1767-8 


” 


hd 
LEA 


A] 


” 


SSl8SOR SSRRBE G 


Fy 
we 


2 


J Hwee 


= 
es) 
| Pre 
oS 


= 


BGES@E 8S 


Thos. Bumfries & 


Orlando Jackson Jent. 1766. 


Ss. Herbert& ,, 1750. 
Co, 


Name not traced. 


|Wm. Abdy » 1767. 


Geo. Fayle anes 
Wm. Tuite (probably). 


Name not traced. 


John Parker & 
Edwd. Wakelin 


James Hunt 


ent. 1760. 
T. & W, Chawner (probably). 


Dan. Smith & 
Robt, | Sharp 


Name not traced. 


Fras. Spilsbury, Jr. 
? Eliz. Tuite ent. 1741, 
(see 1742) 


Name not traced. 


Edward Capper (probably). 
Fras. Crump ent. 1756. 
W. & J. Priest. 

John _Lamfert » 1748. 
Benj. Blakeley w» 1739. 
John Darwall » 1768. 
John Neville (probably). 
ieany ere 

Fras. Crump ent, 1756. 
Geo. Seatoun, 


Chas. Woodward. 


ce RAIS 
Mer S LS 7 fof 
«@ cae A ncd FA ey 
Oe ee 
GREP en anrmnni Seer 
¥ 


Courtesy of the Okie Galleries 


A COFFEE URN MADE IN LONDON IN 1765 BY PARKER & WAKELIN 


a 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE " MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Bek e@ 


Lew 26) 
A‘A 


0 
aA 


BRESShHR ss 


Q 
= 


T 


> 
eZ) 


~ 


mea a B 
sole w © 


John 


Thos. Jackson vy 1769. 
‘Louisa Courtauld 
& Geo. Cowles. 


Benj. Gignac » 1744. 


Kentenber ent. 


Aug. Le Sage 5» ©1767. 


Edwd. Lowe Ak rye G & 
Walter  Brind 1 1757 
Wm. Grundy »» 1748: 


Septimus 
& James Crespell \ 


Robt. Rogers 


John Baker yy 1770. 


Thos. Heming roy oe 
Jas. Allen Pet GAsek 


Septimus 6 
a tives Crespell } see 1759. 


? Thos. Powell ent. 1756. 


Thos. Arnold »» 1770. 
John Baxter s 1973- 
Chas. Wright. 

? John Buckett »» 1770. 


ohn Langford & 
John Sebille } 


Name not traced. 


E. Romer (probably). 


Orlando Jackson ent. 1759. 


San. Wheat » 1756. 


ohn Gimblett & 
tee vale dhe 
J. Bassingwhite ,, 5, 


John Crouch & 
Thos. Hannam 


DATE 


1771-2 


SS 


SHERBCRGRBABBEHO EE SEEB 


7 eS B 
gpeese 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Thos. Foster ent. 
David Bell Ss 
? Robt. & 

Jno, Schofield } < 
Thos. & 


Jabez Daniel \ 


?Sarah_ Buttall Pe 


Jonathan Alleine. 

Wm. Penstone. 
Wm, Sheen ” 
Thos, Chawner. 
Saml. Howland rs 
A. Underwood. 
Chas. Chesterman _,, 


Edwd. Jay ne 


95 


1769. 


1756. 


1776. 


1754. 


1755- 


1760. 


1771. 


1757: 


Thos. | Towman (probably). 


Wm. Tuite ent. 1756. 
ent. 

John Romer _ before 1773. 

John Carter Aen aes 


Thos, Chawner a 
Eliz. Tookey ‘ 


Wm. Fearn 


Burragé Davenport ,, 


John Arnell A 
John Swift rs 
Philip Norman a 


Chas. Wright ve 


Peter Desergnes or 
Peter Devese. } 
?>Wm, Watkins A 


1756. 


” 


1773-4 


y 


DB 


1774-5 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


B@fOEBesO@ SR aPESEGEB 


5 3 
> 
wD 


BESEREBS 


Henry Hallsworth. 
Name not traced. 
John Fayle ent. 1772. 


Wm. Eley (probably). 


Dan. Smith &) ent. before 
Robt. Sharp 1773. 


Orlando Jackson ,, 1759. 


John Harvey «3 £796. 


Thos. Smith +» 1750. 


Name not traced. 


Abr’m Barrier & 
Lewis Ducornieu 


Wm. Sheen 55 27S: 


one Daniel } see 1771. 


Burrage Davenport. 

Saml. ‘Wood (probably). 
re Freeman ent. 1773. 
Mary Makemeid ,, _,, 
Thos. Tookey te Pe 
Louis deLisle ,,_ ,, 


Wm. Le Bas Sy ee 


Jas. | Stamp » 1774 
Wm. Penstone ,,_ ;, 
Eliz. Tookey ,, 1773. 


Thos. Evaris oo 1774: 


Jas. Young & 
Orlando Jackson J” ™ 


‘John Deacon ,, 1773. 


Thomas Daniel (probably). 


ae) 


Haas & 


Be ee ak 
Bean ak 


SS) 
SS 


e 


= 
gS 


— 


> 7 A 
CO ie °C Me C7) a 0? 


Zz 


@ 


® 
qD 
eo 
@ 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


~ 


Wm. Fennell. 


Jas. Yoang » I775. 


Jas. Stamp » 1774. 


ent, 


Walter Tweedie before 1773. 


?Ed. Capper 


2? Wm. Cox. 
?John Kentish 


Jas. King or } ent. 1773. 


Jas. Kingman 
Wm. Sumner & 


Richd. Crossley 1» 1775: 


Jas. Young 


Thos. Langford (probably). 


?John Easton & 
Wm, ‘Fearn or \ 
Wm. Fennell, etc. 


Robt. Ross ent. 1774. 


Mark Cripps 1767. 


Chris. Woods 


Richd. Rugg 
Robt. Jones 


Geo. Baskerville 
& T. Morley 


Robt. Piercy 


Louis Ducomieu 
Ben Stephenson. 
Name not traced. 
Henry Sardet. 
Robt, Piercy 
Alexr. Barnet 


Nich. Dumee 


Geo. Heming 
& Wm. Chawner 


Freeman ent. 1774. 


(see 1776). 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 97 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


a 
tr 
— 
3° 
o 
3 


Lautier ent. 1773. Nichs. ~Hearnden 


Teg a = eee! Ed.¢ Dobson > 1778: |, 
Danl. Smith & 
Robt. Sharp 

Wm. Eley & } 
Geo, Pierpoint 


Chas, Aldridge &) 
iB] 


Rich. Carter, \ 
Henry Green 


rT) 1778. i 


A. Calame 1» 1764. 


John Deacon “iy Bees 


Sint pepper or } 
: k 
wi ooke Chas. Kandler -» 1778. 


Aug. Le Sage satak TOT: 


ie) 
Be 


POC B@es Beet sass saeee 


Lowe se 2777: 


Phil. Roker os) 37705 


Rodenbostel 1778. 


Eliz. Roker 


iB) 2) 


Ww 


q 


Wallis ie yes 
Henry Greenway ,, 1775. 


John Schofield » 1778. 
Jon’th’n Alleine. 
Robt. pee Sora Edith Fennell » 1780. 
& Richd. Carter Jf» 1777: 


: F Heming & 
Joseph Heriot EET HO: Wm. Chawner » 1774. 
(see also 1781) 


Wm. Holmes 1776, Hester Bateman a Bee 


” 


Wm. Potter “loa w & Thos. Satchwell ws. 1773+ 


£ Howe &) Thos. & 
Wm, Clak fo» th Richd. Pines 8 T7714) 
Wm. Grundy aie ” W.L. Foster 1775. | 
Wm. Grundy & 
Geo. Natter 30 X77) ” Ed. Fonelt } 1 1779. 


Robt. Jones & 1 


p Louisa & 
John  Schofieldf » 1776 


Samuel 


Courtauld } i777: 


Name not traced. Fras. Stamp +» 1780. 


T. Daniel 1774 Wm. Garrard. (probably). 


Jane Dorrell & 


May ‘ent. 1771. 


Name not traced, 


| Jas. Sutton » 1780. 


Wm. Vincent 9 1773- 


| 
Jas. Mince & 
Wm. Hodgkins es 


T.P. Boulton & 
Arthur Humphreys 


John Langlands & 
J ” 


Andrew Fogelberg. 


J. Denzilow. 


Z 


Wm. Eley. 1780. 


” 


<= 
zc 


+ Bl +B] 


Pe 
coiee) 


Hester Bateman. ,, 1774. 


Wm. Holmes & 


Nichs. Domes y> 1773 John Robertson 


of Newcastle 


BRREOEDOGSBCESARESERS SEPSSCHE 
= 
3 


ols 


98 


v? 


%” 


sy 


» 


b Rd 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


SOs: eomGeaseSQhSGaeeseampeabmegs 


Name not traced. 


Joseph Preedy. 


TT... Pratt. 275 
Arthur Humphreysf ”’ 


Chas. Wright * 
Robt, Cruickshank ,, 


John Crouch & 
Thos. Hannam j 


Josh. Lejeune ‘ 


Luke Kendall - 


Geo. Heming & 
Wm. Chawner ig 


Wm. Playfair &) 


Wm. Wilson f ” 
Thos. Daniel & 

John Wall } vi 
Geo, Smith is 
John Wren oF 


George Giles (probably). 


This mark is ANS A. 
Name not traced. 


Abm. Peterson & 
Peter Podieé } 3 
John Lamb re 
Jas. Sutton &) 


Joss. Bay 7 


Wm. Tant ss 


Sami. Bradley. 


Name not.traced. 


John Kidder ent. 


Andr. Fogelberg & 

Steph. Gilbert ent, 1780. 
| Robt. Hennell PED te ee 

Wm. Bayley. 


1783. 


1782, 


1773. 


Wm. Brown (probably). 


Note. The interpretation given 
by Sir Charles Jackson, in the 
column, of the mark aj is in- 
correct; the mark complete is NA 
AS, and though found on a piece 
in the Draper collection, is prob- 
ably bogus. The author has found 
the mark upon two fraudulent 
pieces of silver. The fact that no 
marks for “N A” or “AS” as in- 
dividual silversmiths working dur- 
ing this period have appeared is a 
suspicious circumstance, as mem- 
bers of a partnership usually en- 
gage in business “on their own” 
either before or after the partner- 
ship. H. P. O. 


DATE. 


A 


SW) 
@ 

rT) 
T'S) 

1) 
B-L 
[wT 
@ 
) 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Sami. Wintle 
Wm. Sumner 
Name not traced. 


John Townshend 


Thos. Chawner 
John Tayleur 
John _— Schofield 
Name not traced. 


Do. do. 


Chas. Hougham 


| Hen. ‘Greeriway 
Stephen Adams 
Sia: Godbehere 
Wm. Simmons 
Peter Gillois 
Robt. Jones 

Wm. Abdy 

Name not traced, 


Do. do. 
Ben. Laver 
Walter Tweedie 
Thos. Wallis 
Thos. Daniel 
John _—_— Kidder 


Thos. Shepherd 


Abm. Barrsier 


Ed. Fennell ent. 


DATE. 


A & 


ie) 


BREBSBBBBBBHESBEBRBBEOSSBB 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


| Saml. Godbehere 
& Edwd. Wigan 


pate Pratt & ) 
Arth. |Humphreys f" 


24 


\ent. 1785, 


1780. 


Wm. Sutton 3 1784. 


wm. Reynolds 1773. 


Robt. Hennell 
Henry Chawner 


Name not traced. 


|Saml. Massey (probably). 

Name not traced. 
Eléy. 
Mallison 


Smith & 
Sharp 


Carter 


Baskerville 
(probably). 


Henry Cowper ent 


Cornls. Bland 


Thos. Ollivant 
Hester Bateman 
Henry Greenway 


John Thompson 


John Edwards 


as 1782. 


ent. 1786. 


Chas. Aldridge 1786. 
Thos, Daniel 1774. 


Danl. Denny 1782. 


Wm. Pitts 1786. 


ent. 1773. 
BLT O0- 
Jay. » 1773- 
before ,, 


Powell, probably 1770. 


fee) 
DATE. 

1789-90 
1790-1 


> 


PESG@GBMR AS BBARB@2EBBOBERBE 


= 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Thos. Willmore ent. 1790. 


Name not traced. 


‘Peter Podie 5 F985: 


*; Phipps &) 


E. Robinson 
Wm. Fea 1 7786 
Robt. Hennell » F773. 


Jonsth'n Bateman } #5. 2700. 


Saml: Davenport  ,,- 1786. 
Wm. Abdy » 1784. 
Abm.. Peterson »» 1790.] 
pe BS ae 
Geo. _ Baskerville 
(probably).- 
Geo. ‘Smith ent. 1773. 
‘Robt. Salmon pia as 
Dani, Pome} » 279 
ltu Band}, 
John ‘Lamb on 2783. 
Thos, Streetin » 1791. 
Name hot traced. 

Do. do. 

Do. do. 

Wm. Pitts& / see 

Jos, Preedy seve 
Henry Chawner ent, 1786. 
Thos, Howell oy 70% 
Thos, Northcote, 

ny Smith & Rein h 
Thos. Hayter > f PS 770% 


DATE, 


‘Re Co f&stek 
8A ee 


bles, 
az 


@ 
LS) 
AB 
iM Bd 


Xa 


B 
a2 


5 


§G8H2 6 ae 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Wm. 
Paul. 


Frisbee & 
Storr } ont. 179%. 


John _—_—‘ Fountain ves 


Thos. Graham 


Edwd. Jay 


Wakelin & 


J.. 
Robt. Garrard 


John Moore 


John Schofield 36 


Peter & 
Ann 


Robt, & 
Thos. 


Duncan Urquhart & 
Naphtali Hart 


John _— Fountain & 
John _ Beadnall 


Bateman 


Makepeace 


Wm. & . 2 
John Fisher 


Wm. ‘Frisbee 


John King - 
? Mark Bock (see 1798). 
? Francis-Thurkle, 

John Robins 


John Wren 


Michl. Plummer 


W. Fountain 


Thos. Northcote & 
Geo. Bourne 


Richd. 
Robt. 


Gardner or 
Gaze 


Thos. Ellis 


Robt. Makepeace 


— & Bateman 


T. B.. Pratt & } 
Arthur Humphreys 


Wm. Eley. 


DATE. 


BREE 


IE 
IP) 
TB) 
WE 
WF 
GS) 
TL 
LW Pi 
sw B) 
LW Fd 
Go 
LTH) 
WY. 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


DATE. 


Name not traced. 


J. & J. Perkins ent. 


Henry Nutting 


Name not traced. 


Robt. & 
David Hennell 


John Mewburn 


Jos. B. Orme 


1861-2 


Wm. —iHalill 


Hy. 
Jno. 


Richd. 


Chawner &\ 
Eames 


Crossley 


Chawner &)\ 
Emes J 


Cowles 


Morley. 
Preedy 


Beldon 


Eley & 
Fearn 


Smith. 


Hardy & 
Lowndes 


Bock. 
Emes. 
Dealtry 
Pitts 
Bennett 
Pitts 
Richd. | Cooke 
Andrew Fogelberg 


John Hutson 


Name mot traced. 


Gs 
% 
t+ P) 
£8 
EH 
GB 
BL 
& 
3 
IA 


7 


IOl 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


Jos. Preedy ent: 


Paul Storr 


= Wakelin & ) 
Robt. Garrard f” 


| Wm. Hall ” 


Saml. Godbehere 
Ed. Wigan & [,, 
J. Bult 

Thos. Hannam & 
John Crouch }» 


Robt. Garrard 


John Parker. 


John Emes 


Peter, Ann & 
Wm. Bateman } 


Geo, 
Thos. 


Robert, 
David 
& Saml. 


John 


Smith &). 
Hayter } 


Hane} 


Harris 


Scott & 
Smith 


Digby 
Benj. 
Wm. Burwash 


Peter, Ann & 
Wm. Bateman f 


Alice & 


Wi 
George Burrows 


Christr. 


& TW, Barker 


Benj. Laver 


Thos. Holland 


G.&T. Burrows. 


Saml. & 


George Whitford 


Name not traced. 


John Robins (probably). 
? Timothy Renou. 


John Austin. 


Wm Purse. 


102 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


5 ; ’ 
DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. DATE, MAKERS MARK AND NAME. 


1804-5 


WY) 
ee 
Z 
rs) 
3 
rs 
= 
= 
Fy] 
re) 
o 
Oo. 


? T. W. Matthews, 


™ 


~ 
= 


Rundell, Bridge & Rundell. 


— 
G 


John+ Crouch ent. 1808. 


m1 
S 


E. Morley. 
Wm. Eley, 
} ” ” 


2 
’ 


Geo, Wintle ent. 1804. 


| : | | x 
EE EEEEEELELELEL LLL). 


Robt. Garrard » oor Wm. Fearn & 


Wm. Chawner 
Henry. Nutting & 
Robt. Hennell } as 


Richard Crossley & } 
Geo.. Smith ie: 


423] 
OMe 


Jos. Hardy » 1799. 


ty 


Hannah Northcote ,, 1798. 1807. 


Danl. Pontifex 9 1794. Wm Sumner 


John Emes. 


C 


John Crouch 1808. 


ra & Ash, Chas. Hougham 1785. 


Wm.  Burwash& 


Richd, Sibley i 2805. 


Thos. Wallis os 2992. 


Name not traced. David Windsor (probably). 


- ° H ] ? = i 
R. &S ennell 1802 Thomas Jenkinson ” 


Peter & Bateman 1805, 


Wm, ” Name not traced, 


John Sanders (probably). Do. do 


Crespin Fuller ? 
? Richd. Cooke ent, 1799. 
h Salkeld re ay : 
3 gis Benj. Smith & } 
Thos. Robins % Jas. Smith, 


% Phipps & 


Wm. Fountain ent. 1794. E, Robinson 


T.& J. Guest & 


toh eae F806. Name not traced. 


Thos. Wallis & 
Jonath’n Hayne 


John Cotton & 
Thos, © Head. 


James Beebe ” 


P. & W. Bateman »» 1805. 


Saml. Whitford 39, 1807. 


Thos. Halford A ad A 


a 
RH 
GS 

rw-s 
OP 
IS J] 
SH 
RC) 
Is 
ER 
iSB 
JH 
en TH 


Benj. & 
Jas. 


ise) 
n 


Name not traced. 


Smith. 


i, 


Ty: Robins Wm. Kingdon (probably). 


” ” 


25 W.. Graces, Robt. Rutland ent. 1811. 


John Crouch ‘Saml. Hennell ba eee 


>» 31808, 
Digby Scott, 
Benj. Smith, } (probably). 
Jas. Smith 


Name not traced. 


cole] Oi = 
rhe aimee 


re 
69) 


1és 


Galler 


1é 


yf the Ok 


Courtesy o 


BY THOMAS POWE 


la 


ORGE III E 


ee 


\ 
4 


RGNE. MADE 


LONDON, 1765 


PE 


\ 
4 


x 
4 


Hol SE piers 


AN E 


; i A J c 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 103 


MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. . DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 
TB} ra hs Barker, 1817-8 Wm. Bateman ent. 1815. 
ii sandern ¥ Name not traced, 

Thos. Jenkinson (probably). ” Wm. Chawner » 4 

8 eres Hones ent. 1808. 2 T. Robins (probably). 

Geo. Smith yy) 182. . a Wm. Chawner ent. 1815. 

& aa © Sumner » 1809. rn Geo. _— Purse. 

OF aes Serre ees \ 1812. 1818-9 Geo.  Wintle tals: 
arr anata Paul Storr e793: ” Joseph Wilson. 

IWS] Rv Stacy &} es re Robt. Garrard Pe SOls 


W. Elliott fs’ 


Saml. Hennell ,» X8rr. 1819-20 Name not traced. 


Emes ‘& Barnard », 1808. ” Do. do. 


Henry Nutting 1, 1809. 


Stephen Adams, junr. 


Wm. Bell (probably). ” Wm. __ Stevenson (probably). 


Wm. Elliott ent, 1810. See 1812-3 above. 


Name not traced. Philip Rundell ent. 1819. 


SHBRBESGHBBGHBBSER EEE 


r Favor (Probably) 1820-1 Wm. Bateman » 815. 
h A 
N q ” Gey Lias = z539- 
ame not traced. 
Thos. Baker »» 1815. 
1821-2 or Thos. Balliston »» 1819. 


‘Do, do. 


Dame 
| 
oe 


?J.E. Terry & Co. ,, 1818. 


BBR EEES 
cic) wee) lett baw fy 


? John Foligno. 


bed 
QO 
rj 


Ae Do. do. 
” CA An Exeter maker (probably). 
Emes & Barnard as above. 
“8 JA 
: ” IA J. & J. Aldous A 
Robt. Garrard ent. 1801. ee 
é 822- Paul 
CR Christ’n Reid & ano’r 181 Se tete LP S| hs Storr a 
of Newcastle ” 5 
* ” William Abdy ey 
Wm. Burwash_ _,,_- 1813. 
“e Wm. _ ‘Trayes ent. 1822. 
IL ‘as. Lloyd, 
Trae J y 1823-4 TS) Name not traced, 
Ree | Name not traced, en 


John Angell (probably). 


” 


Lol 

m 

o 
q 
> 


104 Makers’ Marks on London Plate 


DATE, MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME, 


John Bridge cnt. 1823. 


Thos. Dexter (probably). 


Loe} 
Hn 


Og-cz fa) 
o= tulle C4 @) 


QO 


= 


>) 


IB 
RP) 
FH] 
LA-B-S] 
LR) 
BP) 
ME 
<p 
CP) 


Benj. Smith. 


Thos, & 
Geo. 


Name not traced. 


Robt. Hennell. 


| Name not traced. 


Do. do. 


Geo, Knight 
Wm. Edwards: ( 

James Collins (  ,, 
John Bridge 


R. Peppin (probably). 


Cc. Eley ( 


Fras, Higgins (_ ,, 


John, 
Henry lia ent, 1823. 
& Chas. 


A.B. Savory a9 Sean 


Randall Chatterton ,, 1825. 
Name not traced. 
T. Cox Savory on 3827. 


Jacob Wintle 4) 1826, 


Moses Emmanuel (probably). 


Wm. Schofield ( 
E.S. Sampson ( 


Jas. Hobbs 
Edward Edwards. 
Robt. Garrard ent. 1801. 


Chas. Plumley (probably). 


Hayter » 1816, 


(ptobably). 


ent, 1823. 


Th 


a Ped KS 
SREABSRSHA RS 


Name not traced. 


R, Hennell. 


Paul — Storr 


Adey, 


Joseph } savory ‘a: ease 
& Albert 


N. Morrison (probably). 


ent. 1793. 


Jas. Franklin - 


W. Bellchambers ,, 
Name not traced 
T. Eley. 


Chas. Fox ent, 1822. 


J. Chas, Edington + 1828, 


Reily & Storer (probably). 


See 1835-6. 
Edwd, 


Barnard, j 
fan’ Bema | ent. 2809, 
m. Barnard 
Wm. Eaton. c 
Richard Sibley (probably). 


George Webb on 


Robert Garrard ent, 1821. 


Mary Chawner. 


Wm. = Theobalds 
& Robt. Atkinson f » 7838. 


Rawlins & Sumner, 


Wm. Bateman & 
Danl, Ball } vy 1839. 


Francis Dexter “) e 


Wm. Cooper (probably). 
Jos. Taylor ‘i 


Makers’ Marks on London Plate 105 


DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. : DATE. MAKERS’ MARK AND NAME. 


foo} | Ed. Edwards (probably). 13478 | GHB {Eliz, Eaton. 
Name not traced. 1848-9 fe E. J. & Barnard.) 
BRE Thos, Cordin 
ne : "s ” ARH] R. Hennel!. 
CH | Geo. W. Adams ent, 1840. 
. m) Jacob Wintle (probably). . 
a Aldous, - 
tt Ks 1849-50 CTF ua T. Fox & } 
MC Mary Chawner & “7 shee Fox 
GA Geo. W. Adams dete gt ; 
” Frans. Douglas. 
Jos. & — gayor 
yey | Albert y ae 8) 
” W. R. Smily. 
John Lacy or 
PJ 1 Piethetan } (probably). 


John Keith. 


oa 
@) 
iy 


J. Chas. Edington ent, 1828. 
George _ Ivory. 


R. Hennell. 
E.&J. Barnard. 


Brown & Somersall (probably). 
James Edwards (probably). 


Wm. K. Reid. 
& Foligno. 


Wm, Brown (possibly). 
; E.& J. Barnard. 


Angel see 1844. 
W.R. — Smily. 


Richd. Sibley ent, 1837. George Angell. 


Chas. T. Fox & \ 


Geo. F 
R. Garrard +) . 180%. i. si 


Wilkinson 
of Sheffield. 


Angel, 
moore Joseph Angell. 


R. G, Hennell. W. Mann. 


Benj. Smith (probably). Roberts & Briggs. 


John S. Hunt ent, 1844. 


Chas. T. .Fox & 
Geo. Fox. 


George Angell. 


Messrs. Eady. 


1G. F. Pinnell. Rawlins & Sumner. 


Hyam Hyams. Robt. Harper. 


E. +e 
fod & Barnard, Richard Hennell. 


John & . 
Henry Lias. 


R. Pearce & 
G. Burrows. 


Geo. Fox. 


Geo. Angell, 


Ce Cy <x 
BRRBERaRS ES SS 8HB 
BRR Ee eas & & £5 

[| 

(oo) 

cm 

~_ 

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ise 

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CHAPTER V 
Marks on York Plate 


From 1411 to 1560 all silver plate made in York should have been marked 
with the leopard’s head and fleur-de-lys, both dimidiated (cut vertically in 
half) and joined in a single stamp. The use of date letters probably com- 
menced in 1560 though no earlier example than the D given in Table I has 
been found. The assay office in York was abolished in 1858. 


TABLE I. TABLE II. 


MAKER’S NAME, MAKER’S NAME, 


ELIZ. 


Wm, Rawnson. 


1559-60 
1560-1 eee ** v +9 
1561-2 = os 
1562-3 ? Robert Gylmyn. 
1563-4 sae be Geo. Kitchen. 
1564-5 
1565-4 “ae ae 
1566-7 Christopher Hunton. are - bes 
1567-8 ne nd vt 
Robert Beckwith. 
1868-9 Thomas Symson, Wee. paints 
oe ee Press Robt. Gylmyn, 
4569-70 Robert Gylmyn, ? Wm. Hutchinson. 
1670-1 Name not traced, 


Geo. Kitchen. 
1571-2 


1872-3 : William —__ Foster. 
1513-4 s of os 


1574-5 3 George _ Kitchen. 
1575-6 " vs 
1976-7 Thomas Waddie. 
1977-8 - Indistinguishable. 
1578-9 

1579-80 ‘be Ao 

1580-1 eas sae 

1681-2 re A 

1582-3 Willidm | Rawnson, 


John Lund. 


Chris, Harrington. 


106 


Marks on York Plate 107 


TABLE III. TABLE IV. 


MAKER'S 


MAKER’S NAME. 


Zz 
> 
= 
= 


qdgaeaGaar GaGagaaeE az 


@exuae 


a_i 


woe Ret, 


? crea 


“28 GBS | 


o- ie 
Bed 3 


da@ R@eee@: eaac 


John 
Robt. 
Peter 


Fras. 


Peter 
” 


Chris. 
Fras. 


Peter 


Chris. 


Thomas 


Moody ? 
Casson. 
Pearson. 


Tempest. 
Pearson, 
” 


Harrington 
Tempest, 
Pearson. 


Mangy. 


Tempest. 


” 


Casson. 
Pearson. 
Casson. 
Pearson, 


Williamson. 


Harrington. 


Harrington. 


Plummer. 


Mangy. 


Waite. 


(631-2 
1632-3 
1639-4 
1634-5 
1635-6 
1636-1 
{631-8 
1698-9 
1639-40 
{640-1 
164-2 
{640-3 
1643-4 
(644-5 
1645-6 
{646-1 
1641-4 
1648-9 
COMWTH. 
1649-60 
1650-1 
1651-2 
1669-3 
1659-4 


1604-5 


1655-6 
1656-7 


Gage Ga 


a 
G 
C 
O 
G 
a 
3) 
A 
j 
kK 
Uy 
mn 
nN 
U 
p 
q 
r 
0 
t 


MAKER'S NAME. | 


Robt. 
Thos. 
John 

Robt. 


Thos. 
Robt 


Casson. 


Harrington. 


Harrington. 


f Thomason or 
\ Thompson. 


Harrington. 


Harrington. 


Williamson, Senr. 


or Richd, Waite. 


Francis 


John 
Thos. 


John 


Chris. 


Bryce. 


Thomason. 
Harrington, 


Thomason. 


Mangy. 


Thomas Waite. 


LB) 


Philemon Marsh. 


108 Marks on York Plate 


TABLE V. TABLE VI. 


eo 
35 
mew 


' 
MAKER’S NAME, MAKER'S NAME, 


rc 


1657-8 
1608-9 
1699-60 
1660-1 
1661-2 
1662-3 
1663-4 


1664-5 
1665-6 
1666-7 
1667-8 


1068-9 
1669-70 
1670-1 


1671-2 
1672-3 
1673-4 
“1614-5 
1675-6 


1676-7 
1677-8 


1678-9 
1679-80 
1680-1 
1681-2 


George Gibson. 
Wm, Busfield. 
John Camidge. 


John Plummer. 


% ” 
Wm. Waite, 
John Thomason. 


John Plummer. 
Richd. Chew. 
John Smith, 


John Plummer. 


9 ” 


9 ” 


George Mangy. 


HOG BCHS HE: : Bax: & 


John Oliver. 


Marmaduke Best. | Chris, Whitehill. 


Robt, Williamson. Busfield, 


John Plummer. Williamson, 


Thos. Mangy. Rhoades. 


Marmaduke Best. Whitehill. 


Philemon Marsh, 
Thomas Mangy. 


Marmaduke Best. 


Roland Kirby. 


John Thompson, 


cg 
2 
$ 
RC 
1S 
© 
wy) 
th 
Y 
@ 
CM] 
ae 
WB} 
@ 
WB: 
T-S} 


Marmaduke Best. 
Robt Williamson, 
Thos. Mangy. 


Wm. Mascall. 


eee, ee ON, 


8868 eeSeee ea: 


A 
B 
G 
Wy 
G 
5 
G 
4 
@ 
aU 
y) 
NY, 
WO 
Ge 
vy 
B 


Henry Lee. 
Wm. Busfield, 


* 1683-4 GQ) BI BRI «Thomas Mangy, 


The missing date letter for 1676-7 was found by the author 


John — Plummer. 


John Thompson, 
while this book was in the press, It is and is on the 


Wm. Busfield. 
spoon shown on plate facing page 6. 


@8eaareg agg aqugeaceqaaucec 


Thos. Mangy. 


* omy a ae Ss 
TE. eae 


= 
> 
: 


EU eee ee eee ewes, ee eee ee 


. 


ee ee ee een 


1700-4 
1701-2 
ANNE, 
1702-3 
1703-4 
1704-5 
1705-6 


1706-7 


1707-8 
1708-9 
1709-10 
1710-11 
1711-2 
11128 
1718-4 


GEO. 1. 
1714-5 | 


Marks on York Plate 109 


TABLE VII. 


John Langwith. 


Chas. Rhoades. 


John Langwith. 


Wm. Williamson. 


John Langwith. 


MAKER’S NAME. 


Chas. Goldsborough 
(probably) 
Dan}, Turner. 


John Best. 
Wm. Busfield. 


Possibly a variation of the date 
letter for 1701-2. 


The York Assay Office was closed 
in 1716 and re-opened in 1776. 


In Table VIII letters not in shields 
are hypothetical. A new alphabet 
was employed from 1787-8. 


? 


TABLE VIII. 


FIVE STAMPS UNTIL 1784-5, THENCEFORWARD SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 


1776-7 
1777-8 
1778-9 
1779-80 
1780-1 
1781-2 
1782-3 
1783-4 
1784-5 
1785-6 
1786-7 


Leo 


ard’ s 
Town Lion Hea. a Date King’s teh MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
ar’ 


Mark. Passant.Crowned. Letter. Head. 


| A 
B 
G 
'D) 
E 
1H} 
K 
L 


Date-letter conjectured, 


Hampston &) | Communion cup: Warthill. 
Prince 8 Bowls (1783): Messrs. Crichton. 


“ Date-letter conjectured. 
Communion flagons: All Saints’, 
North Street, York. 


" Paten on foot; All Saints’, North 
Street, York. 
Com. cup: Huntington, nr. York. 
(no town mark.) 
” ” Plate . Messrs, Crichton. 


Hampston & Prince. Com. cup: Holme, nr. York, 


Date-letter conjectured, 


Do. do. 


Ilo 


1793-4 rT) ap o9 o 


1795-6 oo | te : ae ” 


1796-7} » lw lon 1Q 


1798-9 o> te 99, vt 


Marks on York Plate 
TABLE IX. 


SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 


TOWN LION CEOPARD'S KIMO'S DATE MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
MARK, pesecgsip ste MEAD. LETTER. MARK. 
eee 
1787-8 ge (} &> | aaa Noted. by the Authior, 
1788-9 wae Date-letter conjectured, 
1789-90} °° a os. tas oa ” ” Table-spoons : Mr. Greenwood. 
Al , dated |B ‘s, Mi 
1790- ae ee eo dios ” ” a ee 1791: St. John’s, Mickle- 
is eS 2 Com. flagon, dated 1792: Kirk Deighton, 
York. 


Date-letter conjectured. 


Table-forks: Mr. Greenwood. 


Date-letter conjectured, 


Com. cup: Askham Bryan, Yorks. 


Ai 


Goblet: Mr. J. H. Walter, Drayton, Nor- 
wich. 


Date-letter conjectured, 


ied H. Prince & Co. Com. flagon, dated 1798: Warter, Yorks, 


u ‘ » ss » ” ” Table-forks ; Mr. Greenwood. 
” %» Plain cup: Mr. Bradford. 

ee SO i dds ” % Tea-spoons: Mr. Lowe. 

” vs ae AD on 9» ” & Gravy-spoon: Do, 

ap ae of as ap ) Beakers and waiter: Messrs. Crichton. 

os Arps BF es ” os Trowel: Mr. Colburne. 

a rr cs ag ae Yr) 9 Noted by the Author. 


Date-letter conjectured, 


Robt. Cattle g } 


Communion cups: St. ohn’s, Micklegate, 
-J. Barber, York. 3 J : 


ry i} oe Skewer: Messrs. Crichton. 


9 ” on ” + »” Salt-cellars and spoon: Mr. Williams. 


Table-spoon : Messrs, Robinson & Fisher. 


oe ” a” 


NG8EO° 908000 @6150>58-08ne 


. Date-letter conjectured. 


Possibly variants of date-letters in above cycle. 
1805-6 @Q 1807-8 @ 1809-10 3 Stamped on small brass plate from the Assay Office, 


& Also example of leopard’s head, probably used from 1790 to 1836, Stamped on small brass 
plate from the Assay: Office. 


; i ; igns’ heads 
1787 to 1796 to 1816 to 1820 to 2) Variants of Sovereigns , 
1796 % 1815-6 1820 i) 1830 Stamped on small brass plate 


from the Assay Office. 


ae AS eS 


Marks on York Plate III 
TABLE X. 


SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


TOWN LION LEOPARD'S DATE bd -b MAKER’S NAME. 


wt 
MARK. PAGSANT. HEAD Sad. LETTER. BARK. 
ROWED. 


1812-3 a P ‘trie tery Dessert-forks: Messrs. Crichton. 
1813-4 
1814-5 
4845-6 o9 v9 99 ° 


Date-letter recorded. 
Do. do. 


As , Dessert-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 


1816-1 Date-letter recorded. 
{817-8 | 9» es ee 


oS ORs Van Ae da ih 


oi Salt-cellars and milk-jug: Messrs. 


Crichton. 
Com. flagon: St. Cuthbert’s, York. 


1819-20 Date-letter recorded. 

GEO. WW. 

1820-4 $2 $9 ve ” 3 + Table-forks: Messrs. Crichton. 

1821-2 es ee ” 4 is Table-forks and snuffers tray: 
Messrs. Crichton. 

1822-3 _ | Date-letter recorded. 

4823-4 ees Do. do, 


Reo Jas. Barber & Co. | Com. cup: St. John’s, Micklegate, York. 


Jas. Barber, 


gS | fo for te 
1925-6 | 99 | ve | ve fos 
3826-7 ye tias [oss 
{827-8 

On ren a Bc 
(299-30 | oe | oe | oy foo 


Cattle & Mustard-pot : Messrs, Crichton. 


Wm. North 
Noted by the Author. 


ad 

= 
- 
. 
~ 
~ 


Date-letter recorded. 


Table-forks: Mr. Maurice Freeman. 


Fish-slice: Messrs. Crichton. 


NsSrRr ee eagahHe@g-Ge Bz -—BMBecBam@r- Qe 
Ba 
Q 
© 


1830-4 Sods Corea BS a - ad Table-forks: Mr. Arthur J. Brown. 
1831-2 7 ¥ YP 9 ie ap Communion paten: Slingsby 
Yorks. 
1832-3 Date-letter recorded. 
1 {833-4 Do. do. 
1834-5 Do. do. 
1836-6 ; Do,’ do. 
{836-7 Do. do. 


* In examples of marks from 1812 onward, the leopard’s head is sometimes found with whiskers and 
sometimes without. 
Possibly variants of 


1542°3 a hh | 1815-6 ti) tBrg 920 date-letters in above 
cycle. Stamped on 
small brass plate from 


1820-1 1] 1821-2 RY 1823-4 @ 1831-2 1833-4 the Assay Office. 


e Gs 
os 
a Se 


112 j Marks on York Plate 


TABLE XI. 
SIX STAMPS TILL 1848, FIVE AFTERWARD AS BELOW. 
ARK PASSANT.CGHEAD” NEADS. LENTER “AMER | MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
TLL : 
ViCT. 1648 | 
9 | fal oe | FES s. Barb 
1897-8 bape! Pacal wR ee Racer = Waiter: Messrs. Crichton, 


1838-9 | +» | ee | os | ow * ” bs Noted by the Author. 


roe Yb beet ames it 
WH fs js tw [Q 
1841-2 | +s | if 
oe ac ee 
1843-4 | >> | o5 | os | o» 
TE Bed eta ieee 3 


” FA = Communion cup: Otley. 

‘ es Communion plate: Bishopthorpe. 
9 a Ra N oted by the Author. 

a9 Com. cup: St, Maurice, York, 
Noted by the Author. 

Paten: Dishforth. 


Alms plate: Bishopthorpe, 


F7*®AOVEUESAOEAOSHESGHES 


4846-6 $Y 99 99 99 99 9 ” 
1846-7 a : Date-letter conjectured. 
1847-8 ” ” ” ry ‘ 7 Com. cup: St. Cuthbert’s, York. | 
1848-9 | +> | 9s ” (JB) James Barber Paten: Scrayingham. 
4849-60 ” a) 9 99 ” *9 Do. do. : 
Noted by the Author: also (with 
1850-{ | 99 | 99 ee ae ” 0» { maker’s mark IG) communion 
paten: Snainton, Yorks. 
185{-9 ee Date-letter conjectured. 
1359-3 oe gs Do. do. 
1853-4 Do. do, 
18545 Sete te Do. do. 4 
1856-6 ee ek a 
2 Bn Biase ier 10% | GD | James Barber Communion cup: St. Helen’s, | 
York.* ; See 


* There is at St. Michael-le-Belfry, York, a communion paten stamped with the same marks as 
those on.the communion cup at St. Helens, except that the town-mark is not visible. These examples 
are understood to have been amongst the last of the plate marked at York, as the office was closed 


almost immediately afterwards. ane. 
1851- i Possibly date-letters used in the above Cycle. Stamped on small . | 
wig B 1852-3 1) brass plate from the Assay Office. d 


GARTER VI 
Marks on Norwich Plate 


The marking of silver plate at an assay office was made compulsory in 
Norwich in 1665. The office was closed not later than 1697 or 1698. 


ABE J: 


THREE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


A8TL te 
gotta DATE MAKER'S DESCRIPTION CF MAKER S ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
LION. LETTER. MARK. MARK. 


isos | Gh | ON 


1566-7 | 


Do. do. ; Saxlingham, 

; ' (1566-7). 

Sun in splendour. Mark of | Standing cup: South Kensington 
Peter Peterson. Museum. 


Communion cup: Diss, Norfolk. 
Orb and cross in lozenge. { 


IV over a heart. Communion cup: Bintry, Norfolk. 


Communion cup: dated 1568: 
Northwold, Norfolk. 


| Communion cup, dated 1568: St. 
Martin-at-Oak, Norwich. 


Communion cup, undated: Beigh 

ton, Norfolk. 

Communion cup, dated 1570: St. 
Stephen, Norwich. 

Communion cup, inscribed ‘* Made 
by John Stone and Robert 
Stone ’”’: Haddiscoe, Norfolk. 

Com. cup: Little Witchingham. 


' Maidenhead in shield. 
Flat fish in oval. 


Estoile of six curved rays. 


Trefoil slipped. 


Orb and cross in plain 
shield. 


(ea 
| 
GaAGOaES % > 


: 
Ce OB: 


ao EL ee A ee ee oe 
ae 
4] 
=—2 
= 
st 


9 
{ G Mark of Christ’r. Tannor. | Patens at Arminghall and Burgh, 
F acd mene Norfolk. 
5 rb and cross in shaped | Mounts of stone-ware jug: Mr. W. 
1571-2 v 8 shield. Boore. 
: 1572-3 .. | Date-letter conjectured. 

1573-4 9 fs) Trefoil slipped. Wine-taster: Messrs. Crichton. 

G3 A flower with foliated stem | Seal-top spoon: Messrs. Christie. 
and orb and cross as 1571-2 


Date-letter conjectured. 


oT Y- aw ea ese ee es 
wont 
ce 
— 
« 
oa 


Cer ae 


1576-7 Do. do. 

4 1577-8 Ma fist do. 
1578-9 Do. do. 

1579-80 Do. do. 

osha’ das 


ee Le Oh ae 
ie 
a1 
— 
ee 


CROWNED, 


Mounts of coco-nut cup: South 


Flower of five petals. ) 
Kensington Museum. 


z 
& 
® 


cunk] oveozezrBaxzraaes 


Date-letter conjectured. 


cadded «Oe ee ee 
: “a 
co 
Ss 
[—~) 


Oe Ae ee 


Norwich mark, and mark of Christopher Tannor (free 1562) on 
seal-top spoon; Mr. J. H. Walter. . 


eee ee 
2 
hed 
3 
°o 
©) 


113 


114 Marks on Norwich Plate 


TABLE II. 


STAMPS VARIOUS AS BELOW, 


DESCRIPTION OF MAKER’S 
MARK, 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


eect 


A bird, Communion cup and paten, Guest- 


wick, 


Orb and cross, and 


Four beakers from the Old Dutch Church 
wyvern’s head erased N 


orwich, now in the possession of 
Mr. Wm. Minet, F.S.A., Miss Col 
man, and the Nederlandsch Museum, 
Amsterdam, 


Goblet on baluster stem: Messrs, 
Crichton, 


Orb and cross, 


* Indistinguishable. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter, 


do, 


Lion rampant, 


Mark of Wm. Hayden. Beakers: Mr, R. Levine. 


W. is probably an As- 
sayer’s mark, 


Spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


T.S. 


Castle struck twice at right angles, one 
over the other, and castle (in bowl 
maker's mark and castle on back o 
stem; massive seal-to spoon, 
pricked 1640: Messrs. Crichton, 


de FAH Arthur Heaslewood (free } The first mark in bowl, the other 
. 1625). three marks on stem ; seal- 
spoon: Mr, J. H. Walter, 


During the intervals when no date letters were used at Norwich the Assay Office was not functioning 
and the local productions were sporadic and uncontrolled. 


Ja 
° a 


Marks on Norwich Plate Tis 


TABLE III. 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW. 


CASTLE DESCRIPTION OF 


OVER (prOSE oat hte MAKER’S MARK. 


e ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
LION. CROWNED. LETTER. MA 


no 


A pelican, as 1628. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


1624-5 
1695-6 


1626-7 
1627-8 


7 p Do. do.; Messrs. Crichton. 
A pegasus, as 1632. i Mounts of-wood bowl: Mr. Theodore 
ossi. 


Timothy Skottowe. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Orb and cross. Chalice: Attleburgh. 


A ship. Soop andy spoon: Messrs, Lambert. 
Do. do.: Mr. R. Levine. 


1628-9 


1629-30 
| 1630-1 
1631-2 
1632-3 


A pelican in her piety. | Seal-top spoon, dated 1629: Mr. A. 
D. George. 


Gat CACr EN BGS 


Date-letter conjectured. 


y Tall flagon: Norwich Corporation. 


Nye D. genjoined, \Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Date-letter conjectured, 


A pegasus. Com. cup: Great Melton, Norfolk 


A lion rampant. Seal-top spoon: Mr. J, H. Walter. 
1633-4 
1634-5 
"1635-6 


Arthur Heaslewood. | Com. cup: Aspall, Suffolk. 


A lion rampant. Com. cup: S.S. Simon & Jude, 
Norwich. 


Do. do. ‘Spoon with virgin and child finial : 
Mr. R, Levine. 


A crowing cock + Seal-top spoon: Burlington Fine 
(Herald of the Morn.) Arts Club Exhibition, 


1636-7 


Timothy Skottowe. Beaker,-dated 1638, from a Congregational 
Ch., Great Yarmouth: Pierpont 


Morgan Collection. 
| A pelican in her piety. | Seal-top spoon, pricked 1637: Mr. 
J. H. Walter. 


{637-8 


Sq Gad 3 
& €>ao 


A crowing cock,+ see} Com, paten: Skeyton, Swanton- 
‘above. Abbot, Norfolk. 


1638-9 
1639-40 


{640-1 


A pelican in her piety. | Communion cup at St. Margaret’s, 
Swanington, Norfolk. 


rt 
Ee : 
C<2RKEEOH GE BHAA Hr Hage 


Timothy Skottowe. Com. paten: Riddlesworth, Norfolk. 


i Mounts of coco-nut cup: The Marquess 
Be YWCe THCUSE of Breadalbane, K.G. 
D. Com, paten: St. Etheldreda, Nor- 


wich, 
Timothy Skottowe. t | Seal-top spoon: Messrs. Christie. 


(641-2 


ee eS pe, 


Qin QQ @aaSee SHAH g 


1642-3 
1643-4 


Date-letter conjectured. 


tehae 6 Accompanying this date-letter, are the mark of Arthur Heaslewood (maker) as 1633-4 
1935- and Norwich town-marks as 1637-8 ; communion paten: Coston, Leicestershire. | 


+ Crowing cock rising from pot or skillet (old legend). 


116 ~ Marks on Norwich Plate 


TABLES LY: 
FROM ABOUT 1645 TO ABOUT 1685. MARKS VARIOUS AS BELOW. 


DATE 
(ABOUT). ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


Seal-top spoon: Mr. W. Boore. 


* Seal-top spoon (pricked 1650): Mr. J. H. Walter. 


EM 
* Seal-top spoon; (pricked 1653: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
SA 


a & 
& 
& 


S 


~ 
fees: 


* Trifid-spoon: Messrs. Crichton. 
Communion cup, inscribed 1661 : Southwold, Suffolk, 


* Spoon, flat stem, trifid end: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Aa @G6 eae 


* Do, do. do. ; Dak do, 


* Seal-top spoon, pricked Nae Do. do, 


a} | 
@eg q 2 6 a a 


Gj 2 
€} (> : 


* Table-spoon: Mr. Thurlow Chamness. 


+ Communion paten; St. Peter Hungate, Norwich. 


& 
S 
w 
o 
s 

o 
B 


Fi 
=x 
4 
IA 
x 
by 


7 2 & 


2 
- 
<= 
na 


+ Flat-top tankard, dated 1676 : Messrs. Christie: 


+Communion paten, dated 1679; St. Peter's, Mountergate, 
Norwich. 


Seal top spoon: Mr. A. D. George. 


“ 
ad 


Communion cup, dated 1680: East Dereham, Norfolk. 


+ Crown, rose, and maker’s mark of Thos. Havers; cream 
jug: Lord Hastings. 


c. 1660 ro Small jug: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


* This maker’s mark is probably that of Arthur Heaslewood. 
+ Maker’s name: Thomas Havers, 


ee ee 


Marks on Norwich Plate U7 


TABLE V. 
FROM 1688 TO 1697. FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW 


CASTLE : 
cRowwep. OVER LETTER orystile MAKER'S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
* LION. ; , 


Beaker: Messrs, Christie. 


Tankard: Major H. S. Marsham. 
1689 a EA fs | Thomas Havers. \piecang bowl: Mr. J. H. Walter, 


Date-letter conjectured, 


Thomas Havers. Communion flagon, dated 1694: St. 
Michael’s-at-Plea, Norwich. 
(ee Nore and basin: St. Stephen’s, 


James Daniel. Norwich. 


99 
1D Dome-top tankard: Mr. R. J. Colman. 
Small mug: Messrs. Christie. 
see ta eed f 


\Salver on foot: Mr. R. J. Colman. 


1601 


Communion cup, dated 1694: Stock- 
ton, Norfolk. 


= 
bad 
~ 
~~ 
ad 
= 
aa 


Beaker and spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


E Date-letter conjectured. 
1693 F Do. do. 
{694 G Do. do, 
1695 H Do. do. 
1696 “9 iT FD James Daniel. Spoon, flat stem; trifid end: Messrs. 
Spink. 
a e. K, Beaker, pricked 1697: Messrs, Spink. 


S 

? 

cd 
- 
~~ 


Dasent. 


c. 1697 », Castle as 1688, wy os ie ..  Trifid spoon: Mr. Arthur Irwin 


no date-letter. 


oe a Robt. Hartsonge ? Communion paten on foot: Kirkstead, 
ea 6) 6) 2 Norfolk. 


Sis! 


CHAPTER VII | : 
Marks on Exeter Plate 


The Exeter Assay Office was established in 1701 and discontinued in 1883, 
A guild of goldsmiths flourished in Exeter from a time long anterior to the 
reign of Elizabeth. No Exeter town mark has been found of earlier date than 
c. 1571; before that date only makers’ marks appear to have been used. 


TABLE I. 


FROM 1544 TO I1$92 OR THEREABOUT,. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


_e=--[|-—_———— 


Communion cups: St. Edmund’s and 
St. Sidwell’s, Exeter. 


MAKER’S NAME, 


Richard Hilliard. 


Richard Osborne. Communion cups: Catteleigh. 


John North, Do. cup: Curry Mallett. 


Henry Hardwicke, | Chalices: Parkham and Holsworthy. 


John 


lons (Jones), | Communion cup: St. Petrock’s, Exeter, 


Do. do do: | Cover paten: Whitstone, 


| Steven More, 


Communion cup: Halwell. 


Do. do., dated 1571: St. Davids, 
Exeter. 


Communion cup : Messrs. Crichton. 


John North. 


Do, do, 


Do, do., dated 1571: Trevalga. 


Jons, 


Withycombe. 


Trencher used as paten: Berrynarbor. 


Mounts of cylindrical salt (ivory drum): 
Lord Swaythling. 


Standing salt: Mr. J. Dixon. 


128 John —Jons. 


* & Do. do. 


Com, cup, dated 1575: Lympstone, nr, 
xeter. 


Com. cup: Duloe, Cornwall. 


Do. -do., dated 1576 : Tamerton, Devon. 


Do. co.: Eggesford and Broadwood- 
wiger, dated. 
Mounts of stone-ware jug : Messrs, 


Christie. 
(ro at of stone-ware jug: Victoria and Albert 


Wm. Horwood. 


Museum. 
Chalice and paten: Harpford. 
{Der cup, dated 1582: Cadbury, Devon. 


Do. do. do. 1585: Talaton, do. 
r. A. S. Marsden Smedley. 


John  Eydes, 


Cc, Eston.. 
EASTON] & Cc, Easton. 
i= Bently, 
R, Herman. 


Lion-sejant spoon: 


Com. cup, dated 1582: formerly at Fen 
Ottery, Devon. 


Mounts of stone-ware jug: Ashmolean 
Museum. 


Seal-top spoon: Messrs. Christie. 


Eston, 


Com. cup, dated 1590: St. Andrew's, 
Plymouth, ? 


do. Lion-sejant spoon: Victoria and Albert 


Museum, 


118 


Marks on Exeter Plate 119g 


TABLE I. 


FROM I600 TO 1640 OR THEREABOUT. 


(The dates are approximate except where the articles are described as dated.) 


DATE. MARKS, MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


1600 & GOLD & Richd. Osborn. | Maidenhead spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


” v9 $F PRA k. Herman. | Seal-top spoon : Do. do. 


” 3 No maker’s mark. | Lion-sejant spoon: Do. do. 
¢. 1600 [RO Richd. Osborn. | Apostle spoon: Mr. Crichton, 
1606 3 ” ” Lion-sejant spoon, pricked 1606 : Noted by 
the Author. 


. 1610-20 ee R @ William Bartlett. Com. cup: Crewkerne. 
(1597-1646). Sea]-top spoons: Mr, W. Boore. 
1620 ” ib, ” ” Lion-sejant spoon: Messrs. Christie. 


9 
+H i] Edward Anthony | Seal-top spoon: The Author’s Collection. 
Lhd 
(1612-67). 
© ‘R ” ” Do. do. : Dunn-Gardner Collection. 


” @ ? Six maidenhead spoons. Mr. R. E. Brand. 
c. 1630 © Wm. _ Bartlett | Communion cup and paten, dated 1630: 
2 (probably). Helston. 


'T “3 os Anthony Exeter mark in bowl, other marks on stem 

- mark, &c.* of seal-top spoon: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 

c. 16 Fe > (Crowned X repeated after second IL). 
3 | B © John Lavers. | \ Chalice: Ashwater. 


P. Apostle spoon: noted by the Author. 


© 


Seal-top spoon, pricked 1638: do. do. 
fe. 2635-8 v4 11) John — Lavers. | {°° po2P “Pgor Sir Edward Marshall Hall, K.C. 


Apostle spoon: Messrs. Crichton. 


” e EP} EP] H. P. Do. do : Messrs. Bruford. 
” TRADCLIFF| ¥ Jasper Radcliffe.| Do. do. : Messrs. Christie. 


99 L. M. Snuff-box: Mr. G. Henderson. 


Jasper Radcliffe. | Com. cup, dated 1640: St. Petrock’s, Exeter. 


is Richd. Osborn. | Apostle spoon: Messrs. Christie. 


Do. do. : Holburne Museum. 
” w 1 | John Lavers. Seal-top spoon, with dot at each side of X: Sir 
E. Marshall Hall, K.C. 


” No maker’s mark. | Apostle spoon: Holburne Museum. 


I20 


Marks on Exeter Plate 


TABLE III. 


John Elston 
Anthony Tripe 


R. 


Thomas Bridgeman. 


Edward Anthony. 


Jasper Radcliffe. 


M. W. 


S. 


No maker’s mark. 
S. 
John Mortimer. 


Daniel Slade. 


Ekins. 


do. 


Mortimer. 


I. P. 

(See Barnstaple, 
P- 459 infra). 

I, P. 


Nichs. Browne. 


TABLE IV, 


BRIT. LIONS OAT MAKER'S 
CASTLE. HEAD tT ARK 
ANNIA,  -Oasep, CETTER. : 


oie | Es aA RE: 
wale) ~ | » (ttle 
1703-4 e 
ry lt 


MAKER'S NAME, 


Elston. 


Thos. Foote. 


Hy. Muston. 
John = Audry. 


Wm. Briant. 


) G) € @ 


—_—o—_— oer - Orr --_CrWrOO-———sC —> - 


1708-6 Richd, Freeman. 
1706-7 |» Thos, Reynolds. 
Richd, Wilcocks. 
vast s Thos. Salter, 
1708-9 & soies 1G Richd. Plint. 
{TONG EF ey. Name not traced. - 
1710-4 » ‘ Richards. — 


Trowbridge. 
1711-2 te +e ae 


Sweet. 


Richards. 


1712:3 a ee ve 
1713-4 Mm ee oe 


Slade. 
Tolcher, 


GEO. |. 
Wi) ie Mortimer, 
{715-6 | + . Trowbridge. 


Symonds. 


. Lovell. 


DBSHb 64e6 22000 & 


Tn ere ec 


1717-8) e sat Symonds. 


Arno. 


116.9 Oe ae 
19-20) + Jose [ow 
Teme betel 
imi-2 | EE | Bg 
1722-3 

M34] os fo 

1704-5 


. Worth, 
Blachford 


Fee See ae ER, eee SE OS 


Elston, 


Thos. Sampson. 
Blachford 


Elston. 


Williams. 


SHaeaqaad dadaqdaqadcea 


HERBS e 8 Oe 


Variant of date-letter 


TABLE V. 


1725-6 | ES Ols 
mr} |e |» {OS 
mal. |-|- | 
mo} | |» |B 
ra} > |» |» (Ol @ 
mile |» | Be 
1731-2 fon { aa 
ms] fw | + ge 
maf fo 1B 
mil | | |B) e@ 
mofo |» |» |) eae 
ma}. |» |» (D Gp 
mrg| |» |» | Q)) GD 
ms} » |» |» |O| @ 
ra} |» |» (QD 
mijo | «|» |O)|@ 
mato fo |» (Oe 
m3joj»|» 18 
msl to |» (B 
mij» |» |» |B] » 
mo} [ow [oo | wl 

mr} «||» | 
malo ju} |{O)@ 
mo| |» |» |B 

B 


for 1748-9 


Marks on Exeter Plate 


MAKER'S NAME,/ . 


Saml. Blachford. 


Thos. Sampson. 


Joseph Collier. 


Philip _—_ Elliott. 
John Elston, jr. 
Do. do. 
James Strang. 
John Burdon. 
Peter Elliott. 


Joseph Collier. 
John Elston, jr. 


Sampson Bennett. 


Philip Elston. 


James Strang. 
Philip Elston. 


Pent. Symonds. 


John Burdon. 
Do. do. 
Pent. Symonds. 


Name not traced. 


Freeman ? 
John Babbage? 
Do. do. 
Pent. Sy monds. 
Thos. Blake. 
Jas. Strang. 


LE 
CASTLE 


OPARD'S 
HEAD pg 
CROWNED 


TABLE V1. 


LION DATE MAKER'S 
ABANT. LETTER MARR. 


feos 


MAKER’S NAME. 


1749-00 3 @) Thomas Blake. 


(750-1 
(761-2 
1152-3 
1153-4 
1154-5 
1156-6 
1156-1 
1151.8 
{158-9 
1759-60 


GED. it 
1760-1 


‘761-2 
{162-3 
1763-4 
(764-5 
1165-6 
{166-7 
{161-8 
{168-9 
1169-70 
{710-4 
(711-2 
ims 


en 


oo 


ge 


. (Bl - 


NoOBhebmxr7ovezZzs 
ABER: B 


” 


Thomas 


” 


Parry. 


Coleman. 


Parry. 


Blake. 


” 


Name not traced. 


Mat’w 


Richard 


James 
Thomas 


ie 
Richard 


Skinner. 


Sams, 
Holt. 
Coffin. 


Freeman. 


Sams. 


122 Marks on Exeter Plate 


TABLE VII. TABLE VIII. 


LEOPARDS ion 


CASTLE. ate PASSANT, LETTER. AKER® | «=MAKER’S NAME. CASTLE. pascans. estes es “aaah MAKER'S NAME, 
1773-4 Ha | & SATA! GD | Richd. sams. 1797-8 wi B35) ae Richd, Ferris. 
1774-5 ee 9 A B 1798- 9 be ” ” 


Thos. Eustace. : 
1775-6 ony o o9 @ {B William West S = ae ae 
of Plymouth. ach. 
1776-7 ee ve 4800-1 9° ‘9 Hicks. 
1777-8 ae Ce a 1801-2 | + .- ” 
{718.9 a a Thos. Eustace. 1802.3 | + a s 
1779-80 |» ‘ ” " % 4803-4 |» . Eustace, 
1780-1 . oo 1804-5 | + | os . Ferris, 
1781-23] +» se ey Mere 1805-6 | GE 
1783-4 deol desne ‘5 W. Pearse. 
WEA 


1806-1} o» | + 
1807-8} oo | oo 


Thos. Eustace 
(as 1775-6). 


m5 | «+ |G . 


1785-6 eS a, - Thos, Eustace. shies | i e 
1786-7 Joseph Hicks. Pr Ron 
M8 | oe fw | ow 0 [cea Bie die doe 
1788-9 eas it 8 r : : 1811-2 |» % 
W980) oa | se | as tee mest: ito 


1790-4 SY. =e +9 1813-4 ry * oe 


Joseph Hicks. 


B 


ta ie ere ees ae 
i ee ees Meta 
© Re aoe Cored ae 


1814-5 |» ss 


1815-6 |» " 
1816-7 J ose. foe 


SGQMHES EEE 


1794-5 " “ . 
1793-6 os +e 
1796-7 “ " " 


Richd. Ferris. 


iIs<MZSPCr Or aAaqgaqedaeagdaradv 
B 


: 


1818-9 


1819-20 


EO. IV. 
1820-1 


1821-2 
1822-3 
1823-4 
1824-5 
1825-6 


1826-7 


1827-8 
1828-9 
1829-30 


WM. IV. 
1830-1 


TABLE IX. 


DATE KING S 


“ LION T 
CASTLE. passSANT LETTER. HEAD. 


1817-8 iQ 


ee 


- 
~- 


- 
2 


2OKc 


SEB Saaecegooeed 


it | | |) Q 


1832-3 
18334 
1834-5 
1835-6 

4836-1 


99 


ey 


TAY 


GF) 
@ 


MAKER'S 
MARK 


<= 
se 


H88888 :- 6: SBE: : B 


Marks on Exeter Plate 


MAKER’S NAME. 
Geo. Ferris. 


Joseph Hicks. 


” 


Geo. Ferris. 
” 
” ” 
John —_ Eustacé. 


Name not traced. 


J. Osmont. 


1” oh 


Joseph Hicks, 


a” 


W. Sobey. 
John — Stone. 
Wm. _s~ Pope. 

iP Osmont. 


W.R.  Sobey. 


‘| Wilham Welch. 


CASTLE. 


1838.9 |» 
1839-40) 99 
40-4 |» 
1841-2 | PES 
1842-5 |, 
wy | EB 
1844-5 | >» 
1845-6 |» 
1846-7 | >» 
(347-8 | >» 
{8189 | + 
1849-50] °° 
1850-1 | > 
1861-2 | +» 
1852-3 | °° 
1853-4 | 
rt ee 
1866-6 | >» 
“4856-7 | 


* LION 


A 
PASSANT. LETTER. HEAD. u 


73 | | @ O 


99 


99 


9 


TABLE X. 


DATE QUEENS M 


QB) CG 


os 
a 
3 
ky = 
wt 


ee 
& Bl ax : 


SQNBOSSCOH CESS E8OES 


123 


MAKER’S NAME, 


W. R. Sobey. “ 


ne Osmont. 
Thos. Byne. 
J. Stone. 
- Ramsey. 
W..R. Sobey. 
" ” 


” 


? Williams. 


i: Stone. 

W. R. Sobey. 
99, ” 

be: Osmont. 
” ” 

Isaac Parkin. 

* 

i? Stone. 


*¢ 


~ Marks on Exeter Plate 


TABLE XI. 


CASTLE, ostdRhe, LETTER, SHEER MBEER® | owaxen’s ame, | 


1878 | |) AO J. Stone, | 


1858-9 "9 ” v9 9 


P| | Name not traced. | 
MAC | Jas. Williams. | 


€ 


1859-60 
1860-4 


1861-2 
1862-3 


. 1863-4 
1864-5 


1865-6 
1866-7 
1867-8 


1958-9 
1869-70 
1870-1 
1871-2 
1872-3 
1873-4 
1874-5 


1875-6 
1876-7 


SOCG806 CeBeEGcegeee0e 


; 
Marks on Exeter Plate 125 
TABLE XII. 
FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 
caste. psclON, DATE, CHERD” «© “MARK MAKER'S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
eee en ee 
1877-8 DR ‘Al oe J. Whipple & Co. Engraved goblet: Mr. 
Bruford. 
{878-9 9 9 (3) ry From the Assay Office plate. 
1879-80 9 ” C) oe as AG eee Do. do. do. 
4880-4 a 9 (*) ny ae as Sats Do, do. do. 
1881-2 vs E 99 “ee ne wee Do. do. do. 
Ellis, Depree & | | Com. plate: St. Matthew’s, 
1882-3 = Ag F » | Cae Tucker J Exeter. 
The communion plate at St. Matthew's above-mentioned appears to have been some of the last 
work assayed at Exeter, as the office was finally closed in 1883. 
SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF MARKS OF GOLDSMITHS 
Impressed at Exeter, but not illustrated in the preceding tables. 
| 
NAME. Lo) DATE, MARK, NAME, 
Daniel Slade. 1722 PS) Pentecost Symonds. 
Peter Jouett. 1728 Ge Thomas Coffin. 
: Thos. Sampson. 1730 LL} John Reed 
Richard | Wilcocks. ? 1732 iT Cf Thomas _ Clarke. 
§ Pentecost. Symonds. SB John Suger 
4 
3 John Pike. 1741 TaNt Micon Melun. 
} | Richd, —_Birdlake 
Joseph Bennick. ia R BI (Plymouth). 


Simon Lery. 
John Suger. 
1830 TP] Isaac Parkin. 


Tes Pee 


Anthony _ Tripe. 

G. Turner & partner 
? 

Zacariah Williams. (? Son). 


| ae (= 


Pot alee 


Joseph Bennick. 


| Henry Ellis. 


1847 
| Edward Richard. 
Isaac Parkin & 
Geo. Sobey. 


IP 
TTT 
: ‘ Goldin 
1845 : (Plymouth). 
IP 
GS 


1850 


John March. 


3 
a 
% 
, 
. 
r. 
4 
5 
. 
z 
ia 
* 
: 


a 
ra) 
Go 
Oo 
3 


CHAPTER Vili 
Marks on Newcastle Plate 


Money was minted at Newcastle in 1248 and in the reign of Henry VI 
(1423) it was ordained that Newcastle-upon-Tyne should have a “touch” 
(assay office). A proper assay office for marking silver plate was established 


In 1702. 
TABLE I. TABLE II. 
@ W] 1) 0 John Wilkinson. cTUREE Brit. Jieko. LPATE, MAKER MAKER’S NAME, 


63 
3) 
co 
= 


i |G EB] EDD lim mn 
7034] | | (GR) ] BB frees. paty. 
M5} |e) 1@ Shi Robt. Shrive. 
eg Rete beter 1D) Bi Eli. “Bikon, 


oF 
oe ED John Dowthwaite. 


: SR 
c=] 


2B 0@ 


as WR) FR Wm. Ramsay. 
= B is Me ” Le Hh a8 J’nath'n French. 
ey 8 ou sin 1708-9 | + nt a By) John nee 
3 reine 1709-10} 9 * ” 69 James Kirkup. 
WES. BY 1110-14 
w Roblicosts a Bi, Eli, Bilton. 
ay eg : 1103 | SS | EB | EY) D4 GB | ricna. srob0s 
1713-4 LA John Langwith, 
a088:7 EB) Ry @ Eli Bilton, GEO. | @ J’nath’n French, 
1686-8 | 3 au ee Robinson, 1714-6 iy a i ‘D) Za) Fr. Batty, jr. 
1716-6 | & Nath]. Shaw. 
| 
1716-7 


Robt. Shrive. 1717-8 ” ” re) ; Joseph Buckle. 


@ 
1718-0} as] sect & 
ID) 


1719-20 ” 99 9 


Fras. Batty, as 
above. 

James Kirkup. 

R: Make peace } 

&F. Batty. J 


John Carnaby. 
Whittield.{ 


Eli ___ Bilton. 


S €Gé CS S day 


Y SeNpeate ngiecen. 


QHes 


Wm. Robinson. 


1720-4 Lad a 9? 


Thos, Hewitson. 


Ts mt iB @ & 


ce oe The dates assigned in table I must be regarded as ap- 
proximate. 


ge aag 


B8ESSSE e 


@ 
6 


- 
~ 


SHaHigg@a ga 


a Sag ag 


— 
(455 | 


S 
@ 


John Ramsay. 


eB 
© 


Eli Bilton. 


ES) 
gq 


126 


Marks on Newcastle Plate 127 


TABLE III. TABLE IV. 


, 
MAKER'S NAME. THREE . LION LEOPARD'S DATE MAKER'S MAKER'S NAME. 


CASTLES.PASSANT. HEAD kK. 
CROWNED. 


in40-t | 


EE LION LEOPARD'S DATE MAKER'S 


ee HEAD 
CASTLES.PASSANT.. pow NED LETTER. MARK. 


ra | | 3) @ | EY 


= 
& 


B Gekee & 6 8 BESS EIE0r 


EAS aes 
Stephen Buckle. 
James Kirkup. 

W. Beilby & Anor. 


Fras. Batty, jr. 


FB 
IR John Ramsay, jr. 
5 


Robt. Makepeace. (74-2) e. Fe Perhaps Jno. Busfield 
1122-3 Kx as 5) Jas. Kirkup. het Peeks 
Isaac Cookson. 
1723-4 i ae @| @ ie en Reales Thomas Stoddart 
hn Carnaby. een aren bak William Partis. 
Wile fool ©| ee ee 1743-4 { illiam artis 
=| 62 ? ec ee SE seston 
{725-6 y ret @ Fras. Batty, jr. ~ es sad : 
: _ tt 
1196-1 | | Q| Be eical Pesala y om (probably) 
j et ut Ss hn Busfield 
GEO. IN. | gene a>, @ | i John Pe ; 1146-1 ey $k 3 Isaac Cookson. 
% ALA v7 & Isaac Cookson. hn Wilki 
Us SS ( Geo. Bulman. 1147-8 ee u oe J PSheffield forobabhey 
4198-9 | > . 13) Wm. Whitfield. 


Wm. Dalton. 
Geo. Bullman, 


1748-9 7 a9 ae | ? Thos. Reidof York. 


R. Gillson (of Sunderland). 


Robert Makepeace. 

Thos. _Partis II. 
(of Sunderland). 

William Beilby. 


19-30) | oe | 
og a aed ae 
2; [om | oe 
m3} fo | os 
138-4) 10 | oe | 
M5} foe | o 


1149-60) + | oo | 
so] » | CS | EB 
{151-2 ” 99 a) 


Wm. Dalton. 


S 


Thos. Gamul ? 
Jon. French. William Partis. 
Thos. Makepeace. 


John Busfield 
of York. ? 


Isaac Cookson. 


William Dalton. 


Perhaps John Barrett 
(of Sunderland). 


1752-3 i) 99 9 


rn fa, 
CaN 

< 

=) 


SERe BS SF 


Isaac Cookson. 


(153-4) <« | oo [oe 


Langlands & 


Thos. Partis. Goodriche. 


1 ac Pe 


2OO ©ege 


. Bulman. John _ Kirkup. 


Pee en | 
{36-1} | ow |e 
nero) ete ae 
11389,» | |» 


1755-6) + | »» | 
he Ge ee et i 


1167-8 | | 


O 
1758-9 


Wm. Partis.* John _—_ Langlands. 


aod caequegeaeaaageae: 


Isaac Cookson., 


Wm. Beilby&Co.; 
Oe Ralph __ Beilby. 


a6) 
| 


Isaac Cookson. 


qq @ & © 


poremen 


1139-40 |» tg bs Note. The letter T is presumed. No doubt the shield was 


Robt. Makepeace. L 
identical with that of the other date letters. 


See EB & 8 & BERR 
: = 


*Possibly Wm. Prior. 


128 Marks on Newcastle Plate 


TABLE V. 


ton LEOPARD’S nate KINo's maKeER's : 
castuns. PASSANT, MEAD LETTER HEAD. MARK. MAKER'S NAME, 


Samuel James, 


Saml. Thompson. 


GEO, III. 
1760-8 


» 3 


John Barrett 

of Sunderland, 
Saml. James, 
Robt. Peat. 


John Kirkup, 
John  Fearny 

of Sunderland. 
John Langlands, 


9? 


1769-70 


1770-1 M 


1771-2 


EG eG ee 


James Crawford, 


1772-3 


John Jobson, 


1773-4 Jas. Hetherington, 


HiBRED> EES 


1774-5 ih Stalker & Mitchison, 


od 
oa 
~~ 


Hetherington & Edwards. 


Francis Solomon of 
Whitehaven. 


Hetherington & Edwards. 
James Hetherington, 
David Crawford, 

Langlands & } 


1775-6 62 


Fete Veen ete 


= 
re 


al ales) £5 eo) (2) es 
ZS Elss (Zi: QUole 


1776-7 kd 


1777-8 A 


1778-9 wd Robertson, 


1779-80 aS David Crawford. 


1780-1 ‘9 Pinkney & Scott. 


Langlands & 
Robertson (as below). f 
John — Stoddart. 
Ben. Dryden. 


John Stoddart. 


1781-2 ” 


1782-3 oe 


Pa, 


te 
C 


1783-4 ae 


8 


1784-5 9 Pinkney & Scott. 


wa 
no 


1785-6 ra) 


John = Mitchison. 


1786-7 ”» 


” ” 


O: @ 
@: B 


—_—" 
al 
¥ 
bo) 


Name not traced, 

_ Larglands & 
Robertson, } 
Chrstn. Reid, 


1787-8 i) 


1788-9 ? 


+o 
= 


Bae 


1789-90 ” Pinkney & Scott. 


v9 : | John Mitchison, 


1790-1 oe 


*17933-4 @QB Samm Maker, M. Miller. 
1805-6 2) ey Maker, Alexander Camer, 


of Dundee, 


on, 


TABLE VI, 


LION THREE LEOPARDS kings pate MAKERS 
PASSANT.CASTLES.-pHEAD , MEAD. LETTER, “BARK 


‘17Q1-2 Gg 


1792-3 


MAKER'S NAME, 


Langlands &) 
Robertson, f 


Robert Scott. 


bad 1793-4 Anth., Hedley. 


Mary Ashworth of Dur. 
G. Weddell. 
Robertson &) 
Darling. J i 
Thos. Watson. | 
Robertson & Darling. 
Geo. Laws & 
John Walker. f ‘ 
Chrstn. Reid. 

John Robertson, 


” ¥Y 


Sarah Crawford. 
John Langlands, 


Thos. Watson. 
Ann, Robertson. 


1794-5 


1795 6 


1796-7 


1797-8 


1798-9 


1799 
1800 


1800-1 


1801-2 


David Darling. 


Chrstn. K. Reid &). 
David Reid. J 


Alexr. Kelty. 


1802-3 


103-4 


1804-5 J ohn Langlands, 


jr. 


1805-6 George Murray. 


1806-7 Thos, Watson, 


1807-8 


1808-9 Darling & Bell. 


1809-10 John Langlands.} | 


Thos. Watson, 


Drthy. Langlands. 


Robertson & 
Walton. 


Robert Pinkney. 
Name not traced, 
Chrstn, Ker Reid, 
David Reid, & 
Chrstn. Bruce Reid 
John Walton. 


1810-1 


1811-2 


1812-3 


Son 


pa ~j  . | 
SergBek OR: E 


1813-4 


SGHHESHEHBS 


& 
Z| 


» 
1814-5 


Probably used by the son of John Langlands after his 
father’s death, ; Pee 


Marks on Newcastle Plate 129 


TABLE VII. 


SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 


pate wince ction  tunee “EQPAROS waxens | MAKER'S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
LETTER HEAD PASBANT CASTLE® CROWNED MAR 


| @| @ 


Thos. Watson. | Punch-ladle: General Meyrick. 


D 
B 


1815-6 


1816-7 ae . » | Chie) » a Tea-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
1817-8 ” sds lypak Christ’r. Dinsdale, | Milk jug: S. & A, Mus., Dublin. 
of Sunderland. ‘ ‘ sae 
PBy | Robertson & rom Assay ce plate. 
8- 9° * ee ae : 

wag Tw Walton. 

1819-20 vs os ‘a “9 
GEO, lV. 

1820-1 ve on oe ‘9 TW] Thos. Watson. Do. do. do. 

1821-2 Q ‘ vs ” ‘9 e Marrow scoop: Submitted to the 

Author. 

1822-3 as 1 7 he es 1 7 Tea-spoon : Mr. E. Heron-Allen. 
1823-4 1» ot " es ‘1 4 + Small mug: Messrs. Debenham. 
1824-5 7 ue oe ee IT W) “a Bs Large two-handled cup: The 


Earl of Yarborough. 
1825-6 


1826-7 
1827-8 


1828-9 


1829-30 


4 WM, Iv. 
1830-1 


1831-2 


.. | Thos. Watson. | Sauce-ladle: Mr. J. B. Stansby. 


© 


1832-3 


1833-4 


1834-5 es “s vs 9 Wm. Lister. From Assay Office plate. 


1835-6 


1836-7 


VICT. 


1837-8 ro e: nf Thos. Watson. | Salt-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 


1838-9 


SQ x2e 2H r7OoveZZ -BSeGe"5SGe 


cn oF a ah cB Lister & Sons. From Assay Office plate. 


‘See supplementary List of Makers’ Marks on p. 131. 


130 Marks on Newcastle Plate 
TABLES VIII. AND IX. 


SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. LEOPARD’S HEAD UNCROWNED FROM 1846. 


Fee eaglON. QTHREE MEOTAD. DATE Maxer's | MAKER’S NAME. | ARTICLES & OWNERS. cnttt, 
HEAD. PASSANT. CASTLES: cplEAD . LETTER. MARK, 


1839-40 ?) 6) ey & John Walton. | Com. cup & paten: *{864-5 


Aspatria. 


1840-{ = ” oy ere 'B} ae + + Do. do. do. 4865-6 
1841-2 $) ” 9 ¥» Thos. Watson. | Small mug: Col. 1866-7 


Fitzgerald. 


Q 
b 
C 
Me 
é€ 
f 
8 
h 


19423 | oo | ov | oo» | oo» |B) 
BBE Jef fw lw TR | 1868-9 
os cr rr re 1 see | ee 
1845-6 ” ” Tr) ” G 1870-4 
“8461 | » || @ Name not | Bee-spoon 2) Mi tas 
84-8 J oe fo fw foo | 7 1872-3 | 1 
9] oto tow fw | J was | k 
4980} fo» fo |» [K us | 1 
801 | ol» |» fo TG 1875-6 | M 
1851-2 | » | » |» | oo» IM 876-7 | N 
1852-3 | | a fw | oo» TN 18778 | O 
1353-4 9” 99 99 o9 O 1878-9 p 
ABS | | oy foo foo | p 1870-80 | q 
1855-6 98 99 ” ” Q 4880-4 T 
1856-7 a 29 9 +h) R 1881-9 Ss 
18 | wl» |» fos 1S 302-31 t 
1858-9 Lad 5 a9 2% T 1883-4 u ; 
1809-60 ad wh eee 2 U The office was 
1860-4 - ze R & W Closed in 1884, 
. Line As, 
WH Lis die | pee year with hi 
y head 
1862-3 % oT -9? oe) Y caer ail n ed: 
Messrs, Reid 
MEE | ert | oo | ow | ZS & Sons. 


1850-7 8 ae me © 'M] rye David Reid. Marrow scoop: Mr. A, J. Grimes, 
1869-70 & kS yy @ f) Sh C. J. Reid. Pair of salt-spoons : Messrs, Reid 


Sons, 
* In some cases the leopard’s head has been found with.a crown, 


et ee is, 


» 


Marks on Newcastle Plate 


TOT 


SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF MARKS OF GOLDSMITHS. 


Impressed at Newcastle from c. 1750 to c. 1880, but not illustrated in the preceding tables. 


< 


BEBEBB@HBERS 
=< Yn —~ in co eS BS 


(Ke at 
2 spa. ee. 


° 
» 
= 


Mr. Bartlett ? 


Samuel Jones. 


Peter 


James. 


Name not traced. 


Summerville, Sen., | 


{5 Somerville or 


and F, S. Junr. 
| Peter Beatch. 
Name not traced. 


” 


Robt. Wilson. 


| Darling & Bell. 
Thos, Hunt- 
ingdon. 

Brechin- 
ridge. 

Peter Lambert of 
Berwick. 


Chrstn. K. Reid & 
David Reid, 


Hugh 


Cameron of 
Dundee. 


Alexr. 


John Robertson, 


— 


es 
Ss | as & SG & 
< a = © sat 8 & 


L 
"(les 


Lister & Sons, 


9? 
Brown.. 
99 


9? 
Sherwin, 


James Dinsdale. 


Name not traced. 


| Chrstn. J. Reid. 


Robert Rippon. 


John Sutler. 


John White. 


David Reid. 


Wm. Buxton of 
Bishop Auckland. 


John Deas? 


Robt. Oswald 
of Durham. 


Oliver Young. 


John Cook. 


W. Wilson & Sons. 


L. Pedrine of Car- 
lisle. 


Alder & Sons of 
Blyth. 


ie] 


BBE 
eo 6fe)C. 


= : 
~ pas = Ps > & G&G 
ie 7 eS = oe cl & 


a 


a 


to 


John. Miller. 


Cuthbert Dins- 
dale. 


Geo. Sam, Lewis. 
M. Young & Sons, 


Simeon Joel. 


John Cook. 


R. Duncan 
of Carlisle. 
Joseph and Israel 
Jacobs. 
James . Foster. 


Wm. and Jno. 
Wilson. 


Thos. Ross of 
Carlisle ? 


A. Y, Talbot of 
Crook, Darlington. 


Thos. Sewill, 


Name not traced. 


CHAPTER IX 
Marks on Chester Plate 


The Chester Assay Office was established in 1687, though a guild of silver- 
smiths existed as early as 1573. The assay office was suspended in 1696 but 
re-established in 1701. It still functions. 


TABLE I. 


MAKER’S MARK, TOWN MARK is 
AND DATE-LETTER, {i MAKER'S NAME. 


1668 es George Oulton. 
c. 1683 RW] Ey RW] Ralph Walley. 


8} Nathanl. Bullen. 


DATE, 


c. 1685 


8 & 
Ei 


1686-90 Alexand’r Pulford. 


t690-2 


aeGaeea 


» | Peter Pemberton. 


28,0 SB: SHAS 
a 


pl2®epm eEpeaana 
night #@: @e8eg 


Name not traced. 


3 
5 aU 


1701-2 
23 
1703-4 
1704-5 
1705-6 
1706-7 
1701-8 
1708-9 
1709-10 
1710-11 
1711-2 
1112-3 
{113-4 
m4 
1715-6 
1716-7 
1117-8 
1718-9 
1719-20 
1720-1 
1721-2 
1722-3 
1123-4 


1124-5 
1728-6 


3716-7 


1ON'S 
BRIT- HEAD DAT 
ANNIA, ERASED. LETTER. 


a\o 


99 


99 


99 


e9 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


1 LE 
PASSANT.|HEAD 


» vw 


99 


9 


o° 


99 


99 


9 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


ee 


OP"S 


99 


9 


19 


9 


Cc? 


SHH9aGgeo0eceee0g ecesoeeegG BSED 


Marks on Chester Plate 
TABLE II. 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


TOWN MAKER'S | ~=MAKER'S NAME. 


Ss ee 


cle 
By Ril Richd. Richardson. | Rat-tail spoon: Mr. G. Lambert. 
a ‘Si John Bingley. Do. do. : Messrs. Christie. 
; Nath. Bullen. Table-spoon: Mr. Lowe, Chester. 
| chas? Bird. Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
9 Ri Richd. Richardson. Oval tobacco box, dated 1704: 
Chester Corporation. 
Peter Pemberton. | Large rat-tail tablespoon: Mr. Lowe. 
D @ | Name not traced. | Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
ys Hos ae ay Do. do. ar 
Ad Rol Thos. Robinson. | Tumbler cup: Judge Wynne- 
Ffoulkes. 
9 Name not traced. | Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
$9 @ ” ” Do. do. do. 
” etek Do. do. do. 
99 99 9 Do. do. do. 
” — Tarleton. Do. do. do. 
” Ri} Richd. Richardson.| Com. cup and flagon, * given 
1716’: St. Peter’s, Chester. 
a’ @ iv “A Com, paten: Church of St. John 
Baptist, Northgate, Chester. 
” DU Barth, Duke. Gravy spoon: Mr. Hignett. 
Ma] Thos. Maddock. | Rat-tail spoon: Mr. Crichton. 
vs Mia) BA Fr Assay Office Plate, Chester. 
” Ri Richd. Richardson. | Alms-plate, inscribed 1719: St. 
John’s, Chester. 
”7 rT) ” % Com. cup: St. Bridget’s (now at 
St, Mary’s), Chester. 
° Gd u " Small oar: Chester Corporation. 
” Thos. Maddock. | Rat-tailspoon: The Day Collection. 
” Rit Richd. Richardson. | Small cup with one handle : 
Cordwainers’ Guild, Carlisle. 
a Ri - 5 Rat-tail spoon: Chester Corpn. 
( Paten, on foot, dated 1723: St. 
: Ri 1% es Michael’s, Chester. 
: \ Gravy spoon: late Miss Farmer. 
Ri ms my | Plate paten: St. Michael’s, Ches. 
9° 
Com. cup: St. John’s, Chester.” 


” ” 9 
” uM John Melling. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


a  —— 


Table-spoon: Judge Wynne-Ffoulkes. 


} Mark on small cup at Llanerchymedd; possibly the mark of a Richardson widow. 


* Also watér-bailiff’s oar, dated 1726, badge of jurisdiction over.the river: Beaumaris, 


134 


1726-7 
GEO. It 


1121-8 
1728-9 
1729-30 
1730-4 
1731-2 
1782-3 
11834 
1134-5 
1785-6 
1736-1 
(197-8 
1738-9 
1739-40 
1740-4 
1741-2 
1142-3 
1713-4 
tTH4-5 
1745-6 
1146-1 
‘141-8 
1148-9 
(740-50 
{160-4 


Marks on Chester Plate 


TABLE ITT, 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


on LEOPARDS town MAKER’S NAME, 


LI0 
HEAD 
PASSANT. CROWNED. MARK. 
3/e| 6 


9 


DATE MAKER'S 
LETTER. MARK, 


Richd, Richardson. 


Richd, Pike, 


Wm. Richardson. 
R.R. conjoined as 

at 1728 above. 
Richd, Richardson, 


99 99 99 


>-Ba& BEES 


9° 


SEHESESReagseeaeeass 


oto lo» [@]| = = 

* ” * T) ” ” 

*” o o» | A RG Re “4 

ee) paca! Exot [iQ | Wm. Richardson, 
rs $8 +s _p [BP] Benj’n Pemberton. 
or ‘ » | RR} Richd. Richardson. 
Woe Wee ba GD | Thos. Maddock. 
wg Weciten a & PRR} Richd. Richardson. 
who lw 1G 

mel ae eae} 

ee & ny x4 Nai | Richd. Richardson. 


S 


tumbler: Mr. Lowe, 


Benj’n Pemberton, 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Small salver: Messrs. Christie. 


Large skewer: Messrs. G. 


Com, cup, dated 1728: Kendal. 


Rat-tail spoon: Mr. W. Boore. 


Do. do. : Do. 


Pipkin: Mr. Lowe, Chester. 


Com. cup and cover, dated 1732: 
Whitehaven, 


Assay Office Plate, 


Com. cup andcover: Workington. 


do. : Kirkby Lonsdale. 
do., dated 1735: Poulton 
le-Fylde, Lancashire, 


Half-pint mug: Messrs, Comyns. 


Pair of alms-basins, dated 1737: 
Chester Cathedral. 


Large gravy spoon: Mr, W. Boore. 


Assay Office Plate. 


Table-spoon: Mr. G, Lambert. 


Sauce-boat: Judge Wynne- 
Ffoulkes., 


Pap bowl: Messrs. Spink. 


Do, do, : Mr, Lowe, Chester. 


Sauce pan: Messrs. Crichton, 


Date-letter conjectured. 


Do, do. . do. 


Table-spoon: Mr, Payne, 


Pair of beakers: Judge Wynne- 
Ffoulkes. 


Plate: Messrs. Comyns. 


Tumbler: Mr. W. Keir, Corwen. 


Variant of date-letter for’ 1749-50: Assay Office Plate; and 


re a SS are ae 


Marks on Chester Plate 


TABLE IV. 


“RAD TOWN 


LIOn OATs 
PASGANT. crowngD, MARK. 


MAKER 
LETTER. iy 


MARK. MAKER’S NAME, 


1751-z 8B. PR RY Richd. Richardson. 
1752-3 oo oe ve Borb 


Forf 


lori 
1760-1 7) ” » | Kork 
1761-2 | o | ow | » | Lorl a9 
Mattos >» | ED | : i ; 
Po|.| . Re: 
7645 | w | w | Mm]. 
0) ote Eee 


é 
2 
b 


PRY RR] ” ” 

oP ” ” 
> Bolton & Fother- 

Onn © mail, Him. vs 

(Q =| Joseph Walley. 
Geo. Walker. 

V4 { James Dixon or 
i) Jos. Duke, 

+] 1D} ” ” 

s3 Geo. Walker. 

(09 | Richa. Richardson, 


Another example of date-letter for this year: 
Assay Office Plate. Also on a sugar basin (with 
mark of Joseph Walley): The Goldsmiths’ Co. 


1755-6 


ion LEOPARDS town 
PASSANT. cgiEAD ) MARK. 


76-1 | 3 


m8] | 
m9] » | 
119-80 | ES 
01] | 
ME oslo 
118-3 | + |» 
1183-4 | + | 


{784-5 
56] | 


{186-7} + | 
18-8} + | 
11889] +» | 
1189-90) | 


4790-4 ” tired 
791-2} °° " 
1792-3 | +» ” 
1793-4) % 
1194-5 | + ” 
1795-6 | + ” 
"Y 
196-1) + | + 


tH] John 


135 


TABLE V. 


DATE 


20000802008 OpcceODO8058! 


MAKER'S NAME. 
Richd. Richardson. 


George Walker. 


Richd. Richardson. 


” 


Joseph Walley. 
” ” 


George Walker. 


John Adamson. 
HEAD. Richd. Richardson. 
TN 
a ” ” 


BS) : 
SRE ESERBE BP BB8e: @:- BoB ast 


J. Clifton or 
James Conway. 


T; Pierpoint. 


Robt. Boulger. 


John Gilbert. 
Robert Jones. 


Wm. Hull, 


Wm., Tarlton.* 


James Barton. 
E; Maddock. 


Thos, Appleby. 


Thos. Hilsby. 


Thos. Morrow. _ 


Adamson 


John 
& Son. 


Hewitt. 


1797-8 


1198-9 
1199 
1800 

1800-4 

1801-2 


1802-3 
1803-4 


1804-5 
1805-6 
1806-7 
1807-8 
1808-9 
1809-10 
1810-1 
1811-2 
1812-3 
1813-4 
184.8 
1815-6 


1816-7 
1817-8 


LION 
PASSANT. 


Ren! 


v9 


LEREARD'S Zon 
CROWNED, MARK. LETTER. HEAD 


BV AIS 


9 


HBSOHHSOR ORR ERO ROBE aS 


Marks on Chester Plate 


DATE 


TABLE VI. 


SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 


a ‘ ’ 

KING'S mest? MAKERS NAME, 
George Lowe, 
Robt. Jones, 


Robert Green, 


88 @ @ 


| Nicholas Cunliffe, 


“G Maker’s mark 
indistinct, 


George Walker, 


g 


o” ” ” 


Name not traced, 


BO 


| Nicholas Lee, 


9 ” 29 


eI 


a George Lowe, 
” Mark indistinct. . 
Name not traced, 


John Walker, 


William Pugh 


(of Birmingham). 


Lhd 


BHE® 


” Abbott & Jones. 

bie ” » 

” Jas Morton, 
ns | ” rT 

“i HA Hugh Adamson. 
| GB | John — Abbott. 


een 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Large skewer : Judge Wynne- 
Ffoulkes, 


Extinguisher: Messrs, Crich- 
ton, 

Watch-case, noted in Man- 
chester. 


Do, do. do. 


Goblet: Messrs, Welby. 


Gravy-spoon : Messrs, Deben- 
ham, 
Table-spoon: Mr, W, Boore. 


Marks noted by the Author, 


Watch-case, noted in Man- 
chester, 


Do, do, do, 


Skewer: Mr, Lowe, Chester. 


Table-spoon: Mr. Wills, 
Marks noted by Author. 


Watch-case: Mr. Spiridion, 
Sugar-tongs: Mr. Harris. 


‘Watch-case noted by the 
Author, 
do, 


Do, do, 


Sauce-boat: Mr, Crichton, 
Fish-slice: Mr, Phillips, 


Watch-case noted by the 
Author, 


Do. do, do, 


1818-9 


1819-20 


GEO. IV. 
1820-1 


{891-2-3 
1893-4 
{804-5 
1895-6 
1896-1 
{821-8 
18989 
1829-30 
WM. IV. 
1830-4 
(831-2 
{832-3 
1833-4 
1834-5 


18386 


1836-7 
vICT. 
1837-8 


1838-9 


LION LEOPARD'S TOWN 


PASSANT 


HEAD. 


vr 


ae 


9 


MARK. LETTER. HEAD. 


¥ 


99 


Marks on Chester Plate 37 


TABLE VII. 


SIX STAMPS AS BELOW. 


DATE KINGS MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, SOURCE OF MARKS, 


2 ee 


Walker. From wax impression: Mr. 


ee As Lowe, B.A. 
Assay Office Plate and Records. 


7 


3S) 


BRR Zz ZO RORHOBESBEBBSSBE 


’ & Vale & Co. 


Jones & Reeves. Do. do. do. 


Hy. Adamson. Do. do. do. 


). : 


| Mary Huntingdon. Do. do, do. 


John Twemlow. Do. do. do. 


Small cream-jug: Mr. 
Crichton. 


Flate: Mr. Lowe, Chester. 


Ji Morton. 
Geo. Lowe. 


Robt. Bowers. Assay Office Plate, Chester. 


Thos. Newton. Do. do. do. 


John Hilsby, L’pool. 


\ Do. do. do. 


Gravy spoon: Mr, Lowe, 
Chester. 


Assay Office Plate, Chester. 


John Coakley. 


John Parsonage. - 


Thos, Walker or 


Thos. Woodfield Do. do. do. 


Robt. Lowe. Do. do. do. 


Richd. Lucas. Do, do. do. 


John Walker. Do. do, do. 


Jos. L, Samuel. Do. do. do. 


Large quantity of table plate, 


John  Sutters. 
Liverpool. 


SSOODOEHDOCRBSEE M7 HGEEEOGHD 


Pocket compass case: Cap- 
tain Williams. 


99 


Henry Close. 


Marks on Chester Plate 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


1840-4 
1841-3 
1842-3 
1843-4 
184-5 
1846-6 
1846-1 
{847-8 
1848-9 


1860-{ 
1851-2 
1852.4 
1859-4 
1854-5 
1855-6 


1857-8 
1858-9 
1859-60 
1860-4 


1861-2 
1862-3 
1863-4 


1849-50 


1856-7. 


LION 
PASSANT. 


TOWN 


MARK. LETTER. “MEAD. 


1090-40 | 3 | @ 


SS OBSSO0SBS2S0C PB SS2SO8 08088 


DATE QUEEN'S MAKERS 
MARK, 


: © 
fH & 
E: 


x 
S 


BE@=O@BBBEBE 


SB BRORA ERB OE 


Oo 
O 
sal 


TABLE VIII. 


MAKER’S NAME. 


a 


J. & Thos, Lowe. 


Henry 


John F, 


Christr, 
ee 


Richard 
G. C, 
Thos, 
A, G. 
John 
Joseph 
Edwd, 
Elias 
Geo, 

H. 


HT, 


Francis 


Adamson, 


Leonard, 
Smith, 


Samuel, 


Burgess, 
Crofton. 


Burbidge, 


Wathew. 


Jones, 


Wilson. 


Kirkman, 


Ward, 


Cubbin, 


Adamson. 


Lowe, 


(Manchester), 


ooley, 
Rogers, 
Lowe. 
Mayer. 
Jones, 
Nathan, 


Roberts, 


Fishwick, 


Stuart, 


Butt. 


Sauce-boat ; Mr, P, Lannon, 


Assay Office Plate and Records, 


Do: 
Do, 
Do. 
Do. 


SOURCE OF MARKS, 


do. 


do, 


do.. 


do, 


do, 
do. 


do, 
do. 
do, 
do, 
do, 
do, 


do, 


do, 
do, 


do, 
do, 
do, 
do, 
do, 
do, 
do, 


do, 


do. 
do, 


do, 
do, 


do. 


do. 


do. 
do, 


do. 
do. 
do, 
do. 
do, 
do, 


do, 


do, 
do, 


do, 
do, 
do, 
do, 
do. 
do, 
do, 
do, 


do, 
do, 


SY ie 


1864-5 
1866-6 
1866-7 
1867-8 
1868-9 
1869-70 
1870-4 
{871-8 
1872°3 
1813-4 
1874-6 
1876-6 
1816-7 
4811-8 
1878-9 
1879-80 
1880-4 
1881-2 
1882-3 
1888-4 


Marks on Chester 


TABLE IX. 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


LION TOWN DATE ; . 
PASSANT. MARK. LETTER UEKD. “aAnR. | MAKER’S NAME. 


SJ 


Wm. Dodge. 


© 


BOCBBSOREAOGE 


John Richards. 


Sam!. Ward, Man- 
chester. 


Geo. Lowe, junr. 


Henry Tarlton, 
Liverpool. 


W. Roskell, Livee- 
pool. 


S. Quilliam. 
Geo. Roberts. 
Robt. Over. 
Thos. Russell. 
Hugh Green. 


Samuel & Rogers. 


Ww 
Re 
ES) 


A. Cruickshank. 
S. Quilliam. 


Geo. F. Wright, 


of os as Liverpool. 
oseph Knight, 
a? whe Birmingham. 


T. Power & Son, 
Liverpool. 


Benge Nathan. 


Wm. Smith, Liver 
pool. 


S £&pe pe & > 
BBEtBBABB 


SQ EQGeasoesb esecgqgqgoeeogcs 


A. Rogers, Liver- 
pool. 


Plate 


TABLE X. 


139 


FIVE STAMPS TILL 1890, 


1884-5 712) 


1885-6 
1886-7 
1887-8 
1888-9 
1889-90 
1890-1 
1891-2 
1892-3 
1893-4 
1894-5 
1895-6 
1896-7 
1897-8 


1898-9 


1899 
1900 


1900-1 


€0W. Vil. 


1901-2 
1902-3 


SSEa0 00 DBR3 820800800088 


FOUR AFTERWARD. 


LION TOWN DATE QUEEN'S MAKERS 
PASSANT, MARK. LETTER. HEAD. MARK. 


INBS) 


B0800088 Shea 6 Qs 


140 Marks on Chester Plate 


TABLE XI. 


FOUR STAMPS, WITH MAKER’S MARK. 


DATE. LION PASSANT. TOWN MARK. RS, SOURCE OF MARKS. 
A fj] eee 

1903-4 Koo 0 From Assay Office Records, 

1904-5 ” ” 'D)) Do. do. do. 

1905-6 a fs 8] Do, do, do, 

1906-7 ‘5 "9 Do. do. do. 

1907-8 A aa Do, do. do, 

1908-9 . 8 a, Do. i ee 

1909-10 a = baa Do, do. do. 

IgI0-1 ‘ = @ Do. do. do, 

IQII-2 z a £3 Do. do. do. 

1QI2-3 ” ” My) 

1913-4 " " N) 

1914-5 as @ | 

1915-6 | ” ” Ft 

1916-7 ** ” b3 

1917-8 oe ” IR 

1918-9 ” ” Es 

1919-20 be ” ih 

1920-1 * ” GD 

1921-2 ae 


1773-4 
1774-5 
1775-6 
1776-7 
{777-8 
4178-9 


1180-4 
4781-2 
1782-3 
1783-4 
1184-5 
1786-6 
4786-1 
1787-8 
1788-9 
1189-90 
1730-1 
1191-2 
1192-3 
1193-4 
1794-5 
1195-6 
1796-7 
* 1791-8 


*The King’s head is found in stamps both of oval and indented autline for the year 1797-8, and in 


1119-80 


GAP Bek exX 


Marks on Birmingham Plate 


The Birmingham Assay Office was established in 1773. 


LION 
PASBANT, ANCHOB. , BUTE 


« 
Se 
Ss) 


Bods 


23. 


oo 


kB : 


99 


99 


a9) A 


. 90 
99 
‘9 
9 
99 
as 
99 

“99 
ay 
“9 
9 
9 
on) 
9 
9 
9% 
99 
2 

oo” 
99 

a9 


9% 


ETTER. 


KINGS 
D 


99 


99 


99 


99 


9 


= 
= 


N) 
S 


gagqdaqaeeqceuecqeeaaqeaes 


ALBEE a, 


MAKER’S NAME. 


MAKER'S 
MARK. 


FOUR STAMPS UNTIL 1784, THENCEFORWARD 


FIVE, AS BELOW. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Matthew Boulton 
&John Fothergill, 


> ” 


Alston. 


A 


Alston. 


= 
@ 


” ” 


Henry Holland. 


8Qze 


Joseph Taylor, 


a 
~~ 


99 » 


Thos. Willmore. 
Mathw. Boulton. 


Samuel Pemberton. 


@ BE 


9 ” 


<= 
=< 


Mathw. Boulton. 
Joseph Taylor. 
John Shaw. 


Thos. Willmore. 


“BBE 


some instances the King’s head mark is stamped twice. 


141 


6 be, Willmore & 


i BS Willmore & 


Samuel Pemberton. 


Samuel Pemberton. 


} 


Charles Freeth. 
99 ” ” 
: Richard _ Bickley, 
IR BICF | Chics Preeti \ 
Boulton & Fothergill. 


} 


) 


Pair of salts: 
Assay Office. 


Candlesticks: Mr. M. B. Huish. 
Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 


Birmingham 


Mounts of horse-pistols. Mr. 
F. Weekes. 


Light striker: Mr. F. Weekes. 
Mountsofpistol: Mr. Dudley Westropp. 
Cake-basket: Mr, H. D. Ellis. 
Candlesticks : Mr. W. Boore. 


Pair of shoe buckles: B’m’ham 
Assay Office. 


Marks from B’m’ham Assay 
Office Records. 


Do. do. do. 


Pair of shoe buckles: B’m’ham 
Assay Office. 


Pair of shoe buckles: Mr. 
Dicker. 


Snuff-box: Mr. Falk. 


Watch-case: B’m’ham Assay 
Office. 


Snuff-box: Messrs. Robinson 
a d Fisher, 


Caddy spoon: Do. _— do. 


Marrow spoon: Mr, Simmonds. 


Pair of shoe buckles: The 
Author’s Collection. 


Tripod fruit stand; B’m’ham 
Assay Office. 


Patch-box: B’m’ham Assay 
Office. 


Snuff-box : Mr. Lowe, Chester. 


Candelabrum : 
Assay Office. 


Caddy spoon: 
Assay Office. 


Vinaigrette: The 
Collection. 


Scent bottle case: 
Assay Office. 

Vinaigrette: B’m’ham Assay 
Office. 


Birmingham 
Birmingham 
Author’s 


B’m’ham 


142 


1798-9 


1709 
1800 


{800-1 
1804-2 
{809-3 
{803-4 
1804-5 
1806-6 
1806-7 
{807-8 
1808-9 
1800-10 
1810-1 
{841-2 
1818-9 
1813-4 
1814-5 
1815-6 
1816-7 
1817.8 
1818-9 
1819-20 
GEO. IV. 
1880-4 
1891-2 
1829-3 
1893.4 


LION ATE AKER'S 
PASSANT, ANCHOR. POT ER MNOS ARE. 


3) @ 


9 


” 


99 


Ga daecoagqoe €eaqde 


Marks on Birmingham Plate 
TABLE II. 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


MAKER’S NAME, 


Willmore & Alston. 


Samuel Pemberton. 


Forrest & Wasdell. 
John Turner ? 
Thos. Willmore ? 


‘lection. 


Matthew Boulton. 


John Shaw, 
Collection. 


Joseph Taylor, 


Matthew —_ Linwood; 
William Pugh. 

Joseph Willmore, 
Cocks & Bettridge. 


William Pugh. 


4Gaaq aaa 


Snuft-box : Do. 


Matthew _ Boulton: 


John Shaw. 


Thropp & Taylor. 


T. Simpson & Son. 


Jeseph Taylor. 


(5: 
&): 


Lyon. 
Cocks & Bettridge. 


W. Lea & Co. 


Vinaigrette 


7 9? 


Samuel Pemberton, 
Wardell & Kempson. 


| Edward Thomason. 


Joseph Willmore. | Snuff-box : Do. 


” ” 


Collection. 


Matthew Linwood & 
Son. 


Lea & Clark. 


son & Fisher. 


John Lawrence 
& Co. 


Joseph Willmore. 


cD 
Lac) 
» | GED 
GD 


Vinaigrette: Do, 


LN) 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Nutmeg box: Mr. Fitzhenry, 


Snuff-box : Messrs. Spink. 


Nutmeg grater: Messrs, Spink. 
Vinaigrette: B’ham Assay Off. 
Patch-box: The Author’s Col- 


Toast rack: B’ham Assay Off, 
Vinaigrette: The Author’s 


Mustard spoon : Mr, Fitzhenry, 


Snuff-box: The Author's Coll, 
Caddy spoon: B’m Assay Off. 


Nutmeg grater: Mr, Ballard. 
Snuff-box: The Author’s Coll. 
Cheest scoop: Messrs. Christie, 
Snuff-box: Mr. Bruford, 

Do. : B'ham Assay Office. 
Snuff-box : Messrs, Spink, 
| Do. : Btham Assay Office. 
Salt-spoons: Messrs. M. & S. 


Mustard-spoon: The Author. 


| Snuff-box: Messrs. Spink, 


Vinaigrette: Mr. G: Lowe. 
Child’s coral: Miss Jackson. 


.Tea-spoon: B’ham Assay Off. . 


Vinaigrette: The Author's 
Sandwich box: Messrs, Robin- 


Seal : Birmingham Assay Office. 


Snuff-box : Do. 


do. 


Do. 


do. 


do. 


do. 


On plate of 1801 to 1811 the King’s head mark is frequently found in a stamp of oval shape, and 
on plate of 1812 to 1825 i 


¢ is sometimes found in a foliated Stamp as shown at 1797-8 and 1809-10, 


Plate 


Marks on Birmingham 143 


ek 


TABLE III. 
Babine ANCHOR. DATE, Uncs MARERS MAKER’S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
Cr T. Pemberton & Son, | Salt-spoons: B’m. Assay Office. 
1824-5 La G Q{ Charles Jones, Sugar-tongs: Do. do, 
4995-8 8 Ledsam, Vale &Wheeler.} Snuff-box: Messrs. Spink. 
. ny | oo ” Thomas Shaw. Do. : Mr. John Fullerton, 
John Lawrence & Co. Do. : The Author’s Coll’n. 
1826-7 ia a Gd 83 Nathaniel Mills. Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
: Unite and Hilliard Caddy spoon: Do. do. 
4827-8 ” rr) Es) ” M. Boulton & Plate Co, | Taper-stand : Do. do. 
CW) oseph Willmore. Snuff-box: The Author’s Coll’n. 
{828-9 ” 99. @ ”s | Edward Thomason, | Cake-basket: M’s’rs. Smith & Rait. 
talline: Fowke. ane peta B’m’ham Assay Off, 
4990. (1B) ohn Bettridge. nuff-box : Do. do, 
1829-30 | +s | { rau Ledsam, Vale & Wheeler. | Wine-labels : Do. do. 
tf as. Gi i Thos, Ryland & Sons, | Pairofspurs: Do. do. 
: {6} | M. Boulton & Plate Co,| Cake-basket: Do. do, 
gt fo» |» | OY @R{9 | Joseph Willmore. | Handles of knife and fork : 
. Birmingham Assay Office. 
4930-3 | 9 | 9 Kj vie bares - A Silver-gilt knife, fork, and spoon: 
Birmingham Assay Office. 
3 R EJ | Edward) Smitth. Snuff-box: Messrs, Spink. 
1833-4 ae ” 
LVR) oe &  Ratheram, Watch-case: B’m’ham Assay Off. 
; T&P) aylor & Perry. Caddy-spoon: Do, do. - 
i Da 0| William Phillips. Snuff-box : Mr, Bruford. 
1835-6 Joo» 9 ” | Gy Gervase Wheeler. Vinaigrette: Mr. G. Lowe. 
1836-1 Oia wee iQ re { Francis Clark. Snuff-box : The Author’s Coll’n. 
vas Joseph Jennens & Co. | Baron’s coronet: Messrs. Crichton. 
‘ GS | Thomas Spicer. Watch-case: B’m’ham Assay Off. 
{837-8 | » | ” { Roitssons’ Babine Aston: | Standish ei) Dos nS 
1938.9 © Pe a9 1 George Unite. Wine labels: Do, do, 
) Nathaniel Mills; Snuff-box : Do. do. 
4339-40 | o> | 9» » | GER | Neville & Ryland? Do. : Do. do. 
0-1}; °* | + ” rT) ” e Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
1841-2 ” a9 §3 ” ... | From Birmingham Assay Office 
Records. 
: Robinson, Edkins & | Hand candlestick: Messrs, M. & 
1842-3 yf i Cr, u Aston, ; Ss. Lyon. 
: Boe tas LCN tov Rdward  Sniith. Snuff-box: Messrs. Spink. 
ES 
4844-6 ” 9 Ay ” Nathaniel Mills. Do. : B’m’ham Assay Office. 
1845-6 ae Ga ” Wm. & Ed. Turnpenny, | Oval strainer: Mr. Peters, 
Yapp & Woodward. | Apple scoop: B’m’ham Assay Off. 
1846-7 ” ” ” { Nathaniel Mills. Snuff-box : Do. do, 
4947-8 a 79) ” ”” ” ” Vinaigrette : Messrs. Spink. 
4848-9 a ke ” From Birmingham Assay Office 
Records, 


*On plate of the early part of 1838-9 the head of King William is sometimes found stamped, 
although Queen Victoria succeeded to the throne in 1837. 


144 Marks on Birmingham Plate 


TABLE IV. 


FIVE STAMPS AS BELOW. 


D. ERENS MAKER'S ’ &. 
PASSANT, ANCHOR. , DATE, QUEER’ eee MAKER'S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


Pa ee 


1849-50 © | Nathaniel Mills, 


1850-4 9 99 'B, ” Edward Smith. 

1851-2 | »» ye ” ” ” ” 

1862-3 | "” ‘9 Nathl, Mills, as 

1849. 

4] | |B]. ; 

8545 | + | ” 

1856-6 | + 1 ” George Unite. 

tte-7 | |» " 

1857-8 9 9 0 

1858-9 oe 9 "1 

1859-60 | oo ” George Unite. 

004 | | oe ‘ 

{86-2 Jo | os “ 

1362-8 9 iid ” a H. & Co., as on page 
414. 

1863-4 99 eo 0} iB) 

1864-5 | v9 'P} ” Names registered after | 
1850 not disclosed. 

‘1865-6 99 9 Q) 9 

eT |» |» (PRT. ‘ 

we} |» (O. | we 

9 | | 1]. 

won|» |. (Ol. 

wn4 |» |» (QI. 

1871-2 *s W]) A Crown and 18 instead 
of lion passant. 

es | |» |OQ) 

1873-4 99 TY rY) a 

M5 |» |» GD] » 


Marks on Birmingham Plate 145 
ee, V: TABLE VI. 


DATE, An- Lion Date Maker's 
ark. 


LIOW sncuor DATE QUEEN'S MAKERS chor, Passant. Letter. 


PASSANT. LETTER. HEAD. 


@/ 0/0 |am 


99 


TQ00-1 


IQOI-2 


S 


1902-3 


1903°4 
1904-5 
1905-6 
1906-7 
1907-8 
1908-9 
1909-10 
IgIo-I 
IQIi-2 
192-3 2 


1913-4 


1914-5 


1915-6 
1916-7 
1917-8 
1918-9 


1gIg-20 


N&H) 
&D 
SWS) 
: 


1920-I 


1g2I-2 
1922-3 


1923-4 


n< ~«BOo803 & 


1924-5 


@ 
0 
e) 
@ 
g 
ty 
G 
8 
@ 
@ 
@ 
) 
& 
4 
0 
2) 
LU 


The Birmingham Assay Office will not disclose the names of silversmiths registered after 1850. 
The twenty-year cycle for Birmingham commencing with 1925-6 and continuing to 1945-6 is distin- 
guished by date letters in Roman capitals, in a shield resembling that for London, 1875-6. 


146 Marks on Birmingham Plate 


¢ 


SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF ADDITIONAL MARKS OF 
: GOLDSMITHS. 


Impressed at Birmingham, not illustrated in the preceding tables. 


DATE, MARK. MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


1776-7 Jos, Adams & Son. 


1778-9 Edward Sawyer. 


Pierced sugar-tongs : Messrs, Crichton. 


Do, do. $ Do, do, 


1783-4 Samuel Pemberton, : 


“eee ore one 


1804-5 Caddy spoon: Mr. P. Phillips, 


Do, 


do, 


do, : do, . 


do, : Do. do, 
do, : Do. do, 


Musical snuff-box: Mr. A. J. Grimes, 
Caddy spoon: Mr. P, Phillips, 


do. : 


1806-7 H&Co. eee ooo eee 


1807-8 


@&® 
1811-2 @& 
1814-5 JL sof See ees 
Thos. Newbold, 


1820-1 


1822-3 ; Ss P eee eos oro 


1826 Geo. Tye & Jas, Kilner, 
Geo. _ Tye. 


Fox-mask box: Messrs, Crichton, 


Do. do. : Do, | do. 


1832-3 


1876-7 Church plate in several Cornish parishes, 


1862-3 | Church plate: Lanlivery. 


1892-3 Church plate in several Cornish parishes, 


HALL MARKS ON BIRMINGHAM GOLD WARES 


THE MARKS HERE GIVEN ARE FOR THE SEVERAL CLASSES OF GOLD WARES 
; ASSAYED AT BIRMINGHAM, 


22 Carat Omen 
8 ., » Ho» » 
: [5 © (G3 o> 89 
BB» » 
90375) 


The date-letter for 1920- 
is asmall Roman V 
as here illustrated, 


———' 


CHAPTER XI 
Marks on Sheffield Silver 


The Sheffield Assay Office was established in 1773. 


TABLE I. 


LION crown, DATE KIN 


KING'S 


PASSANT. LETTER, HEAD MAKER'S Nida PASSANT. CcROWY. UTTER. HEAD 
8 Rich’d. Morton & Co. | 1799 
{773-4 =] @ | ta & ve Roberts & Co. 1800 3) iE | & 
Mat’w. Fenton & Co, 
1774-5 Geo. Ashforth & Co. reel ‘ Be 
1115-6 John Winter & Co. 1801-2) » | » w{ 
1776-7 AR | Wm. Damant. *) 1802-3] M ey 
Tudor and Leader. 
11-8 8 Fenton Creswick & Co. 1803-4)» i ue 
17789 Bl | GB Jyonn smith > 80.5] » |» ; 
{779-80 ees a", +] 1806-6] +» | oy | PBJ} 
1780-1 @ Nath’l. Smith & Co. 1806-7 | 99. | os 
1781-3 iD) Fenton Creswick & Co. {807-8 | 9» ve a 
4189-3 John Winter & Co. 1808-9 v9 - | 99 Pp} e 
: Danl. Holy & Co. 
1783-4 MB} a John Parsons & Co. 1809-10)» eS x) 
{184-5 @| . Ses “| isioa| @\-{ 
(on) : re f 
1785-6 ES «(| Richd. Morton & Co. +] 1-2 | ss Es QB 
4786-7 John Parsons & Co, 1312-3 |» . in) . 
{181.8 z oe waa)» |» [Ra] 
1788-9 3 | John Younge & Sons. A Hira tas © i 
y RS R, Sutcliffe & 
1789-90 ) IRS) Co. (2) 8158} » | >» 1@|» 
1790-4 John Parsons & Co, 
@ 1816-7 | v» | + " 
: gee |John Y & Sons. 
1101-2 ohn Younge & Sons aes ia ae a 
{799-3 [eXXG] | John Parsons & Co. 1818-9 | 
4793-4 | Thos. Law. 7 { 
1794-6 John Green & Co. *| 1819-20 | Beas 
V 
y x | John Y & Sons, GEO. IV. 
1195-8 Q] GERETR | John Younge & Sons ot | |» [@|o 
4796-1 Geo. Eadon & Co. 
7 1821-2 | o» | " 
1797-8 @ ae Pee B 
: Saml. Roberts, jr. 5H Net 205 ys 
1198-9 Geo. Cadman & Co. 
a EDL roles Ud 


* +t See notes on p. 
147 


TABLE. IL 


Z 
Ps 
= 


= 
me ; 
meh. & & & Re eo 
foes "ff Bo EB Ee am 
o rol 


a 
CS 


Lon! 


ER 
og 


1 oo om ER 
BR SE 


MAKER’S NAME. 


John Love & Co. 
John Green & Co. 
Geo.  Ashforth &Co. 
John Green & Co. 
Thos... Watson & Co. 


Thos. & Danl. Leader. 
Richd. Morton & Co. 


Nathan Smith & Co. 


Jas. 
Alexr. Goodman & Co. 


jer 


Ellis’ & Co. 


Younge & Co. 


W. Tucker & Co. 


Thos. Blagden& Co. 
John Roberts & Co. 
Geo. Eadon & Co, 

John Roberts & Co., 


as 1809-10 above. 


Smith, Tate & Co. 
(Nicholson & Holt). 


Kirkby, Waterhouse 


& Co. 
John Law 
J. Ellis & Co. (?) 
John Watson. 


; John and Thos. Settle, 


S.C. 


Thos. and Jas.Creswick 
Kirkby, Waterhouse 
& Co. 


Younge & Co. 


G. Cooper & Co. 


Smith, Tate, Hoult & 
Tate, 


Joseph Law 
John Green & Co. 
Wm. Briggs. 


148 Marks on Sheffield Silver 


TABLE III. TABLE IV. 


, MAKER’S NAME, AT LION QUEEN’ ’ 
PASSANT CROWN LettER abeG j CROWN.LETTER, PASSAT GEER? MA MARR MAKER'S NAME. 


S. C, Younge & Co. 


Wm. Blackwell & Co, "1844-5 ae i Eyre & 


Ra ac Hodson & 1845-6 


= o. 9 'B} 99 99 
Battie, Howard & 
Hawksworth. 4846-7 ” 99 | 9s 
TI oe ; ick, 
T. J. & N. Creswick us|» 1M} » |» 
BH Battie, Howard & 
4 ; Hawksworth, {848-9 | 9 re ier 
John Settle & ae 
1829.30 & Williamson. 1849-59 
WH, WV. 5: ” * | + | + |Hawksworth, Eyre & 
(830-4 T. J. & N. Creswick. Co. 
800-1 |» |@l. |. 
1831-2 ¥ JB) Jas. Burbury, 
Stafford & Newton. 1851-2 | ov» oy fos > 
1832-3 ” fWaxe) | Atkin & Oxley. 
833-4 T. J. & N. Creswick. 1852-3 | * sy | . : 
1833- 
Wm. Allanson & Co. 1969-4 B Ps) Ee : 
nding bee Hodson & 
18545 | » | Ol |. sk 
Howard & Hawksworth. 7 
1855-6 ” ae a ° . 
+ ; be a 
Pas Hy. Wilkinson & Co. {856-7 rT) ” 9 ary oe ene 
ae = 18578 | +» | @] 
Ak Samuel Harwood. 1858-9 | 4, iP) oo | op . . eee 
» © y as {850-60 | +> | DEQ] +> | +» | BQH | Martin Hall & Co, 
vi 1860-{ | 9» v9 | 9 ran 
Hawksworth, Eyre & 
ki € Co. 1861-3 ” iT 99 ” * 
i 4862-3 ” Tr) ” H-H pe Bros. & How. 
*Additional examples for the year 1826-7: 1888-5 |. + pack = : 
; Makers’ mark of J. Nowill 
Be 3 @ 8 on re aa ag We Nowall, 1864-5 | » | ARQ] +> | o> | Guam | Fenton Bros. 
oon oM wk » 99 1. Rodgers. 
1865-6 | +5 aie Hy. Archer & Co, 
1966-7 | » | o> | GRR | Martin Hall & Co., Ltd. 
1867-8 | 9 ta oS < jee te 


*BB6 & A further example of the marks for _ 
1844-5. Candlesticks: Windsor Castle. 
Makers’ mark of W. Allanson & Co. 


Marks on Sheffield Silver 149 


ae. \V. TABLE VI. 


: \ 
.. LION DATE QUEEN'S ’ 4 ‘i 
CROWNS AESANT.LETTERHEAD. MARR. MAKER S NAME. CROWN. 0 EUANT, LETTER. "MARR MAKERS NAME, 


868.9 GB} | Martin Hatt & Co., Ltd, 
ls is |B! x > 

810-1 | + |» 
1 ee ae 


ww James Deakin & Sons. 
John Round & Son, Ltd. 
Jas. Deakin & Sons, 
Mappin & Webb. 

1872-3 J » | 
1873-4 Oo ads 
1874-5 | oo | ov 
1875-6 | | » 
1876-7 |» |» 
187-8 |» | 
1878-9: | +» | 9» 
1879-80 | os | 9» 
1880-1 | +» | 9» 
1881-2 | *» | » 
1803 |» | 9s 
1883-4} °° | 
1884-5 | os | oo 
1885-6 | »» |» 
1806-7 |r | os 
1887-8 | 1» | + 
1888-9 | 9» | 9» 
1889-90 | »» | 


Fordham & Faulkner. 
x9 | €853 | John Harrison & Co., Ld. Lee & Wigfull. 
Atkin Brothers. 
Walker & Hall. 


Roberts & Belk. 


SEVERBREae 


Harrison Bros. & Howson. 


Hawksworth, Eyre & 
Co., Ltd. 


W. Briggs & Co. 


4890-4 | »» ” Martin Hall & Co., Ltd. 


1801-2 |v | os 
a 


Jas. Dixon & Sons. 


g 
b) 
0) 
Q 
8 
@ 
0) 
D) 
G 
6) 
G 
© 
0) 
® 
@ 
G 


NSeEsBSseedOQGBoO Foe sBesoececseauagae ® 


BBoagé 


Henry Stratford. 


150 Marks on Sheffield Silver 


TABLE VII. 


FOUR -STAMPS AS BELOW. 


CROWN. pabgenriocren, aKER’s MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


TB Thos. Bradbury &| Various articles of plate, 
&S Sons. 


Do. co. do, 


do. 


Notes for p. 147. 


1779-80 ey 8 John Younge & Co. Pierced cruet: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 


1796-7 E33 g Makers’ mark of Henry Tudor & Thos. Leader. 


*From 1780 to 1853 the crown was often impressed in the same stamp with the date letter. 
{The King’s head for this year is an oval stamp. 


{1811-12, €3@@Q@D)_ The outline of the King’s head stamp has varied in the same year, being oval 


in some cases and indented in others. The marks here illustrated are very small, and occur on dessert knives and 
forks: Messrs. Crichton. 


ee 


’ 
y 


Marks on Sheffield Silver 


ret 


SUPPLEMENTARY LIST OF MARKS OF GOLDSMITHS 


Impressed at Sheffield, not illustrated in the preceding tables, from 1773 to 1905. 


a 
ow 


A888 
: 
& 


bs (= 
212 
eqn 


~ 
x a x pee ue 


mm KA 
— ie ie 
CG 


ba 


OG 


<n 
aeage gee 
7 cn a 

Lt 


MAKER'S NAME. 


W. Hancock & 
J. Rowbotham. 


W. Birks & Co. 


T. Law. 


W\, Birks & Co. 


J. Rowbotham ? 


J. Littlewood. 


Name not traced. 
John Kay & Co. 


- Nowill. 
- Nowill. 


Mappin. 


. Marsden & Co. 


. Roberts. 


Rowbotham 
Co. 


. Kippax. 


Mappin & Co. 


. Hoyland. 


Tibbitts. 


Hoyland & 
Co. 


” ny) 
S. Warburton. 


D. Holy. 

Madin & Trickett 

Young, Greaves 
& Hoyland. 

N. Smith & Co. 


J. Dewsnap. 


S. Kirkby. 


DATE, 


1784 
1788 
1789 


ee: Pe Fre 
. Bes Ga Be 


rea 
Zz 


B 


H 
SK ac) 


eS 
OQ 


RF 
we 


se) 


MAKER'S NAME. 


T. Fox & Co. 


P. Spurr. 
W. Jervis. 
R. Sporle. 


J. Bailey, 

M. Fenton & Co. 

? Luke, Proctor 
& Co. 

G. Ashforth & 
Co. 


C. Proctor. 
E. Goodwin. 


J. Creswick. 


Mark of Henry 
Tudor & Co. 


Goodman, Gains- 
, ford & Co. 


S. Kirkby & Co. 
R. Jewesson. 
T. Poynton. 
Name not traced. 


J. Staniforth. 


CED W. Tucker & Co. 


J. Watson. 


G. Wostenholme_ 


J.  Staniforth & 


Co. 
R. Gainsford. 
J. Rogers. 
R. Gainsford. 
B. Rooke & Son. 


W. Wrangham 


iT J &NC T.J.&N. Cres- 


wick. 


T. & J. Settle. 


DATE, 


1822 
1824 
1825 
1828 


1829 


1833 
1836 


1840 


1862 


1863 


1864 


1866 


1867 


1868 


1869 


& 


MARKS, 
PAH) 
CHS 
ty M] 
FB W-& A] 
Ed 
BB 
CF & A) 
Cw Hi) 
eB 
iM B) 
GD 
rw w Hi) 
& 
MER CY 
B 
PAB] 


| 


MAKER'S NAME, 
A. Hadfield. 
C Hammond & Co 


R. Gainsford. 
G. Hardesty 


J. Dixon & Son. 
J. Mappin & Son. 
Kitchen & Walker. 
Lee & Middleton. 


Walker, Knowles 
& Co. 


Waterhouse & Co 


Badger Worrall & 
Co. 


Roberts & Slater. 


Padley, Parkins & 
Co, 


J. & N. Creswick. 
W. & H. Stratford. 


Fenton & Anderton. 

W. Hutton. 

W. & G. Sissons. 

Mappin Bros. 

Elkington Mason & 
Co. 

W W. Harrison. 

Walker & Hall. 

Levesley Bros. 


Mappin & Webb. 


W.&M. Dodge. 


J. Slater & Son. 


Levesley Bros. 


A. Beardshaw. 


Name not traced. 


CHAPTER XII 
Marks on Lincoln Plate 


TABLE I. 


FROM ABOUT 1560 TO ABOUT 1650. 


(THE DATES ARE APPROXIMATE EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT THE INSCRIBED DATES 
MAY BE RELIED ON.) 


DATE MARKS, 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
(ABOUT). 


SS 


|Apostle spoon (St. Jude). The three fleur-de-lys grouped, are 
in the bowl: the three in line, on back of stem. 


Hexagonal seal-top spoon: Messrs. Crichton, 


Elizabethan seal-top spoon: Mr. J. W. Usher, Lincoln. 


Com. cups, dated 1569 and 1570 (maker’s mark only visible) : 
Osbournby, and ten other parish churches in Lincolnshire, 


Seal-top spoon: — 


Seal-top spoon, pricked 1617: Mr. J. H. Walter, Drayton, Norfolk. 


Com. cup and paten, inscribed ‘Ex Dono Petri Harison Anno 
1624”’: St. Audoen’s, Dublin. 


1628 @ WD Wj | Seal-top spoon, pricked ‘Janu. 4, 1628”: Mr. J, H. Walter. 


1633 @ pT ¢ Do. do., do. 1633: Messrs. Crichton. 


1639 ~=> Doz do, 


1640: Mr. W. Boore. 


Puritan spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Struck thrice on small porringer: Mr. R. G. Westmacott. 


Communion plate: Hintlesham. 


152 


i 


Marks on Lincoln Plate 


TABLE II. 


FROM ABOUT 1650 TO ABOUT 1706, 


(THE DATES ARE APPROXIMATE EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT THE INSCRIBED DATES 


OHS 
ear 
m+ o 


MAY BE RELIED ON). 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Communion cup: St. Margaret’s, Ipswich. 


Do. do, : Noted by Mr, J. H. Walter. 


Seal-top spoon: Mr. J. H, Walter. 
Do. do. : Mr. H. D. Ellis, 


* (Timothy Skottowe ?) Beaker: Mr. Wm. Minet. F.S.A, 


Mug found in Norwich: submitted by Mr. J. H. Walter. 
Puritan spoon ; S. Ken. Museum. 


Beaker: Mr. A. D. George. 
i) (?) 5 
Tankard: The Goldsmiths & Silversmiths & Co. 


Mark stamped thrice on Com. cup: Wherwell, Hants. 


»» plain flat-stemmed spoon: Messrs. 
Christie. 


* Puritan spoons: Mercers’ Company, and S. Kensington 
Museum, 


Do, do. : The Author’s Collection. 


Trifid spoon, dated 1686: Mr. A, W. Stone. 


Trifid spoon, pricked 1699: South Kensington Museum. 


Rat-tail spoon, flat stem: Goldsmiths’ Company, London. 


Do. — do., pricked 1690: Mr. E. W. Colt. 


Communion paterninscribed ‘‘ Given to the Holy Trinity Church, 
Goodramgate, 1706": Holy Trinity Church, Goodramgate, 
York. 


153 


CHAPTER XIII 
Marks of the Minor English Guilds | 


HULL 
ave, 2NE MINEE® GRA gers 
1580 ia 
oo | 18) a 
1621 wy 

Y| @ |i) @ 
~ |a|e 

yay 
1635 te fe 
« |ml@ 

a} | S 
1651 \er 1B Se 

Lays 
a Y) 
res untTEn. 
ro0e-70 | BY | S36 
1670-80 rT) rr Q 
" 19s) Ie 
21680 90 FM 
or) op EM} oo iD 
ooo |e] » fig 
* 
Pt ae EM] 9 Wa 
1689 99 TH o 

Va4r 
~ |B] g 
o |S 

Wy 
1706 Ay me os 


+ 1670 fo Date-letter on porringer : 
154 


MAKER’S NAME, 


Peter Carlille, 


James Carlille, 


Chr. Watson, 
James Birkby, 
Edwd. Mangie 
or Mangy. 
Name not traced, 
i bE 


Edwd. Mangie 
or Mangy. 


Edwd. Mangy, 


Thos, Hebdea, . 


Kath, Mangy. 


Abm. Barachin, 


Messrs, Gilder & Son, 


oe 


Marks of the Minor English Guilds 155 
EXAMPLES OF ROCHESTER MARKS. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


Elizabethan communion cup: Snave Church, Kent. 


Mark stamped in bowl, and thrice on stem of seal-top spoon: Mr. 
H. D. Ellis. 


EXAMPLES OF LEWES MARKS 


On stems of seal-top spoons: Mr. H. D. Ellis, and Mr. 
ID) ]. H. Walter. The town mark alone is stamped once 
in the bowl of each spoon. 


: , Seal-top spoon, engraved on the seal end with the date 1637, 
c. 1637 and the initials D. A. and D. C.: Mr. J. E. Couchman, 
Hurst-Pierpoint. 


EXAMPLES OF LEICESTER MARKS. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
DI i a a ee 


Spoon, with “-Dyamond ” point at end of stem: Mr. E. W. Colt. 


Maidenhead spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Seal-top spoon: Mr. H.D. Ellis. The same mark, with the addition 
of L.R. in monogram, on a seal-top spoon: Mr. Letts. 


Seal-top spoon: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 


Communion cups: Thurnby, Welham, and 15 other Churches in 
Leicestershire. 


Seal-top spoon, pricked 1631: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 


Do. do. - Messrs. Christie. 


156 Marks of the Minor English Guilds 


EXAMPLES OF SHREWSBURY MARKS. 


(THE DATES ARE, OF COURSE, APPROXIMATE.) 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
* A En I 


Maidenhead spoon: Mr. H. D, Ellis. 


Apostle spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter, Drayton, Norfolk. 


Communion cups at Tugby and Saxton, Leicestershire. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


attention nett aarti ap tetas ae 


Communion cup and paten cover (inscribed: “Elizabeth Wilton errs 40s. and 
Mary Griffin gave 10s. touered this bowle for the parrish Church of 
Middleton in Norfolke Anno Dom. 1632"): Middleton near King’s Lynn. 


Communion cup (inscribed: “ The Quest of Thomas Clarke to 
the Church of Barmar): Bagthorpe near King’s Lynn, 


Communion paten: St. Nicholas Chapel, King’s Lynn. 


ag cup of slender shape on baluster stem: St, Ethel- | 


dreda’s, Southgate, Norwich, 


‘DATE 
‘(aBouT), 


MARKS, ‘ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


amen Re Dee 


Apostle spoons: Mr, E. W, Colt and Dunn-Gardner Collection, 


@ J 
» ry PR Do. do. : Mr. Crichton. 


Do. do. : Mr. S. Phillips. 
1660 (o 


1676-82 > fp any dated 1676: Wooton Courtney, Somerset, 
Spoon, flat stem, foliated end, pricked “ 1682": South Kensington Museam, 


1689 Ts! ES S| Apostle spoon, engraved 1689: Messrs, Crichton, 


Seal-top spoon: Mr. A, Trapnell. 


Marks of the Minor English Guilds ey 


EXAMPLES OF SHERBORNE MARKS 


ARTICLE SAND OWNERS. 


‘Dp: Communion cup and paten cover (dated 1574): Gillingham; ' 
Mark of Richard Orenge { and much other church-plate in Dorset; also on an | 
(probably). apostle spoon (St. Matthew) noted by the Author. 


Marks of Richard Orenge. RO} © on a Ser of 1603: Charlton-Horethorne, 
n e 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


In bowls of maidenhead spoon: Messrs. Crichton, 
Seal-top spoon ; Messrs. Crichton. 

Apostle spoon (St. Paul) 

Apostle spoon (St. Mathias): Mr. F. W. Kell. 
Seal-top spoon: Sir E, Marshall Hall, K.C, 


Do. do. : Holburne Museum, Bath. 
Do. do., and seal-top spoon : Sir E. Marshall Hall, K.C. 


{ "be. spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
Seal-top spoon (one of seven found near Salisbury), date 1596 pricked on 
seal end. 


Two seal-top spoons (part of above seven); one pricked 1596 and £H, the 
other 1621 and IE. 


Seal-top spoon (one of above seven) ; has 1621 and ne pricked on seal end. 
Do. do. do. do. ; has 1621 and ns pricked thereon. 

Silver-gilt Vishnu-topped spoon ; pricked ‘*S,W.L.P. 1627” : Messrs. Christie. 

Seal-top spoon (one of above seven) : has 1629 and. A - pricked on seal end. 


do, do. ; has * AS 1629’” pricked on seal end. 


158 


SEALS OF THE BOROUGH OF BARNSTAPLE 


BARNSTAPLE MARKS. 


MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


a 


1568-1601 John Coton, Chalice: Abbotsham, 


Thos. Mathew. 


Communion cup, dated 1 576: St. Genny’s, 
Bude. 


Lion-sejant spoon: Messrs. Christie. 


Com. cup : Stoke-Rivers, near Barnstaple. 


1578 fi) J. Coton, 


Mathew, 


as | J. Coton. 


Seal-top spoons: Mr. W. Boore, 


| ‘Communion cup: Tresmere. 
Spoon with cherub’s head: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Communion cup: Morwenstow, Bude. 


John Peard Tankard: 


Spoon with flat stem: From the Temple- 
Frere Collection. 


{ Porringer of about 1680 but pricked 1703: 


Noted by the Author, _ 
Com. paten and flagon : St. Ewe,Cornwall. 


Trifid spoon, pricked 1687: Noted by the 
Author, 


Trifid spoon, pricked 1695: Noted by the 
h 


Author, 


Marks of the Minor English Guilds 159 


EXAMPLES OF PLYMOUTH MARKS. 


MARKS. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


re era 


In bowls of two spoons with Vishnu,knops: Noted by the Author, 
Apostle spoon: Dr. Wilfred Harris. 


Spoon, flat stem, trifid end: Messrs. Crichton. 


Spoon, flat stem, foliated end, embossed ornamentation, dated 1699: 
Mr. J. H. Walter. 


iD Spirally fluted mug, riband handle: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


Flat stem spoon, with trifid end, pricked 1694: Messrs. Page, Keen, 
and Page, Plymouth. 


The ‘“Eddystone Lighthouse” salt belonging to Miss Rous, of 
Cwrt-yr-Ala, Glam. 


Flat-top tankard: Mr. Crichton. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


Straining spoon: Temple Church, Bristol. 
” Milk-jug : Mr. Crichton. 


L : Reeded-edged gravy spoon, with oval (not pointed) 
c. 1780-90 ae 3 ALE bow! and pointed oval end to stem: Noted by 


the Author. 


ARTICLE AND OWNER. 


a a 


Marks of R. Hutchinson, on punch ladle engraved 
T OM 


HA IM: Mr. Fredk. Bradbury 
1723 17 
23 


160 Marks of the Minor English Guilds 


EXAMPLES OF TRURO MARKS, 


DATE ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 
(ABouT). 


are In bowl of apostle spoon: The Author’s Collection, 


f Massive seal-top spoon : Do. do. 
Ry <a fd iT! \ Also on many spoons in other collections. 
7 Ty ® Seal-top spoons: Mr. H. D. Ellis and others, 


Gao ) Baluster-topped spoon: Messrs. Crichton. 


Coo TR in monogram in bowl, the other marks on stem of spoon 
with lion-sejant terminal; Mr. H. D. Ellis. 


| An anchor (one of the Saltash bearings or devices) in bowl, the 
"” & pig mark on stem, of spoon with baluster and seal top: 


Mr. H. D. Ellis. 


y R) 1) fs3 EJ | Scal-top spoon: The Author's Collection, 


Spoon: Mr. Du Cane, 


EXAMPLE OF DORCHESTER MARKS. 


Mark of Lawrence Stratford, 1574): West Purley; and (dated 1575): 


Bothenhampton ; and communion plate 
in many other Dorset churches. 


of Dorchester. x ‘ yy x 


. EXAMPLES OF DEVON AND CORNWALL LOCAL MAKERS’ 
MARKS. 


penne ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 
(ABOUT), 


1576-80 Communion cups at St. Levan, Sancreed, Morvah, St. Ives, St. Hilary, 
SS Wendron, and St. Anthony, West Cornwall, 


Mark resembles a bunch of grapes. Communion cup: St. Columb 
Minor, Cornwall. 


1580 Chalice of Exeter pattern: Wembworthy, Devon. 


? ¢. 1600 | Patens: St, Anthony-in-Meneage, and several other parishes in West 
Cornwall. 


Bates ok cup and paten cover (dated | 


Marks of the Minor English Guilds 161 


DEVON AND CORNWALL LOCAL MAKERS’ MARKS (continued). 


~ DATE. 


(aout). MARKS, ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


c. 1600-30 


Stamped twice on communion cup: St. Erth, Cornwall. 


Communion cup and paten: St. Eval, Cornwall. 


Paten: St. Hilary, Cornwall. The larger mark is on 
the flat part of paten, and the smaller mark on foot. 


Paten: Kenwyn, Cornwall. 


Spirally-fluted porringer : Gerrans, Cornwall. 


Embossed spoon, flat stem, trifid end: Mr. J. H. Walter. 
Com. cup and paten: North Hill Church, Cornwall. 


Do. do. do. cover: Treaeglos, Cornwall. 


Wee do. : Liskeard, Cornwall. 
Apostle spoon: Mr, J. H. Walter. 


Com. cup and paten, dated 1641: St. Ives, Cornwall. 


Do. do. do. do. cover: St. Wenn. 
Do. do. : St. Erwun, Cornwall. 


1675 Paten (inscribed; ‘‘ Mr. Abraham Heiman of this towne 
gave this plate to the Church in the year ’75”’): 
Bideford. 


Walter. 


1680-5 RA | ws s Spoon, flat stem, trifid end, pricked 1684: Mr. J. H. 


ID conjoined, stamped thrice on paten: West Putford, 
Devon. 


Communion cup and paten, dated 1695; also on flagon, 
dated 1712: Paul Church, Cornwall. 


Struck thrice on beaker: St. Ervan, Cornwall 


j 
| The R H stamped thrice, the B once, on com. plate with engraved 
1700 ; date 1701: Mevagissey, Cornwall. Probably mark of Richard 
Holin of Truro, who registered his mark at Exeter in 1704, The 
B may indicate Britannia standard. 
| RP. 
t | 


Probably mark of Richard Plint of Truro. Com. paten (dated 1719) 
St. Enoder Alsocom.cup and paten (dated 1728) . St. Clement, 
Truro. 


1715 


162 Marks of the Minor English Gutlds 


EXAMPLE OF GATESHEAD MARKS. 


On a tankard and a mug inscribed ‘‘ Ex dono XXX.” : 


Sir Robert Mowbray, Bart. 


EXAMPLES OF CARLISLE MARKS, 


(THE DATES ARE APPROXIMATE. ) 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


ED) ® Communion cups: Bolton, Ireby and Lazonby, Cumb., and Cliburn, 
and‘ Long Marton, Westmor. 


Seal-top spoon: Mr. H. D. Ellis. 


Spoon, slipped in the stalk: Mr. W. Boore. 


Do. flat stem, folfated end: The Goldsmiths’ Company, London. 


EXAMPLES OF LEEDS MARKS. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


eee 


Communion cup: Almondbury, Yorks, and other Yorkshire plate. 


Paten, dated 1702 : Harewood, Yorks; and other Yorkshire plate. 


The TS in monogram mark stamped thrice on communion cup: 
Darrington, Yorks, 
Maker perhaps R. Williamson of York. Maker’s mark struck once, 


the fleece twice, on flat-topped tankard: Judge A. Clearwater, 
New York, 


Trifid spoon: Mr, J. H. Walter. 


Do. do, made by Arthur Mangey (see above): Mr. J. H. 
‘Walter. | 


Beaker: Mr. D. ‘T. Davis, 


Marks of the Minor English Guilds 163 


THE CHANNEL ISLANDS, CALCUTTA AND JAMAICA. 


The preceding pages contain all the known place marks used 
in Great Britain except those employed in the Channel Islands. 
In Guernsey, 1690-1730 a silversmith stamped his wares with GH 
surmounted by what resembles an eye, fringed above, a harp 
lying on its side, and the letter R (old English) in a shield. The 
other marks, they are very few, are initials only, and do not, in 
_ the absence of especial knowledge, enable one definitely to assign 
them. An exception is the mark of T.DG over the letters J. LG, 
which we know was a mark used on the Isle of Jersey circa 1830. 

The British firms of ,Pillar & Co. and Hamilton & Co. made 
silver in Calcutta in the first two decades of the last century. 
The former’s mark was a date letter A similar to that for London, 
1796-7, a lion passant, and the letter P over & Co. Hamilton 
& Co. identified their products with an elephant in an oval 
shield, a covered ewer with handles, the Jetters “H & Co.” ina 
square block, and the letter A in a pyramid. This description 
will enable the reader to dispense with illustrations. 

One piece of silver is known to have come from Jamaica, W. I. 
It is marked with a leopard’s head crowned, in a plain shield, 
concave at top, J. EWAN in a rectangle, and a lion passant in 
a shield straight at the top and rounded at the sides and base. 


CHAPTER XIV 
Unascribed British Marks 


The place and time of origin of the examples upon which the following 
marks have been found cannot be determined accurately. 


DATE 
(aBour). 


DATE 
(ABOUT). 


(ABOUT). 


I 
1570-7 © ie 
” 7° 


= 
CS 
uw 
@ 3 Bi ve GY] F 


“: ” 
1570-80 @ @ » : ay 
@ 
9” 


1576 IW 


» |QOUOG 


ve Bg PTV ICK 


29 
"Fin @He@ eee 


165 


Unascribed British Marks 


MARKS, 


= [Pp 
2@2en 2 8B OG ana sone BeBe eo 


0) x 
00 G@uepEeDE oO Bnee@e@n2o 


a: 
& 


1630-5 . 


—_——~ —- - ee rr ee ee 
EE SS —— 


N 
o) 
— 


Unascribed British Marks 


166 


‘8B deakep . 


2250p 
FeBApes 


= ° 
& 5 rs : : 2 2 Fy = 3 : rd é . e 


|OSCnescodbDRse wiacpialcs isle lth ad ots 


167 


Unascribed British Marks 


gene 


@ Seow ety e 2 D@® Dor oe 


ben 
oF 


ae Pars 
re. 
8@ 690 


MB GB ROB OB 


@ 8 @®v 


FEAiabD DE DB 


B 
© 


aenHe 


w 
D + 
= ic2) 
lo 2) 
= + a) 
- 


168 Unascribed British Marks 


poaint MARKS, 
Gay 
1730 FAT 
+ 
” G B C 


| 8 
mos] Oy 


1730-40 


| BOR 


4 we 8 Y 
' 


-| O29 
a. 
OOo 


1740 


el] 
1750 hi & 


c. 1760 (aye [A -T| 


et ae 


CHAPTER XV 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 


é& < +*ETERE were no-marks struck on Scotch silver before 
oe T 4 1457. In that year a statute was enacted which required 
je fe % the maker and the deacon of the guild to afhx their 
marks to each piece before it was offered for sale. The records, of 
Edinburgh at least, have been so well preserved that it is possible 
to place each piece of silver made subsequent to that year within 
a period limited by the working life of the silversmith or the 
incumbency of the deacon. In 1681, the Edinburgh Goldsmiths’ 
Incorporation adopted a variable annual date letter, abolished 
the office of deacon and substituted an assay master whose mark 
fixed his responsibility for each piece struck. In 17 59, the use of 
the thistle as an assay master’s mark took the place of the ini- 
tials which the assay master had used up to that time. 

The “Britannia Standard” act of William and Mary was not 
applied to Scotland and the practice of making silver of the higher 
standard never prevailed in the northern province. : 

In 1836 a British statute designated the thistle as the sterling 
mark and the castle as the guild mark for Edinburgh. 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 


The date in parentheses indicates the year of the workman’s admission to 


170 
the guild. 
TABLE I. 
DATE, MAKER’S NAME, 


1552-62 | Alex. Auchinleck 


1563-4 | Henry Thompsone 
(1561) 
c. 1570 | (Mark indistinct.) 
1576 | Adam Craige 
1585-6 | John Mosman 
(1575) 
1590-1 | Adam _ Allane, jr. 
(1589) 
1591-2 | James Craufuird 
1591-4 | David Gilbert 
(1590) 
Mh James Craufuird 
on (159r) 
ee Hugh Lindsay 
(1587) 
1609-10 | Gilbert Kirkwood 
(1609) 
1611-3 | Robert Denneistoun 
(1597) 
” | George Craufuird, jr. 
(1606) 
1617-9 | Do. do. 
| 
3 ee fohin Lindsay 
(1605) 
» | George Robertsone 
(1616) 
» : Thos. Thompson 
(1617) 
c. 1617 | Hew. Anderson 


1613-21 | Gilbert Kirkwood 


'(1609) 
1616-35 | George Robertsone 
(1616) 
1633 | Adame Lamb (1619) 
» | Thos. Kirkwood 
; (1631) 
1633 (?)| (Mark indistinct.) 


& 282354 8 


TOWN 


MAKERS WARK 


s 


O58 5cOSeGR G3 & E 


CASTLE 


(=a 


: ©9886 beacgbag aa i 


Sia 
i 


os 


DE ACONS 


et 
ey 


Sat oles anon, 
MARK. CASTLE. 


3 


Nic 


TABLE II. 
DATE, MAKER’S NAME. 
1637-9 lonloae Scott a eee 
1640-2 | thos. Clyghorne 
| (1606 
1642 | Patrick Borthwick 
(1642) 
1643 | Jon Scott (1621) 
» | Nicoll Trotter 
. (1635) 
1644-6 | George Cleghorne 
(1641) 
a Andro Denneistoun 
(1636) 
we Thos, Clyghorne 
(1606) 
1644 John .Myln or 
Jas. |McAulay 
1649 | Andro Burrell (1642) 
1648-57 | Peter Neilsone 
(1647) 
1650 | Thos. Scott (1649) 
1651-9 | Robert Gibsoune 
(1627) 
1657 | John Wardlaw 
(1642) 
1660 | Edwd, Cleghorne 
(1649) 
1665-7 | Wm. Law (1662) 


” Andrew Law (c. 1665) 


1665 | Alexr. Reid 


1669-75 Alexr. Scott (1649) 


James Cockburne 
(1669) 


(1649) 


1674 


1663-81 | Alexr. Scott’ 


1675-7 George Rolland 
l (1675) 

1677 | Alexr, Reid (3rd) 
(1677) 


@@6HaQBkB@OESR aE 


oe 


cone 


OFACONT 
MARK 


-@B: @: 


Fe 8 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 171 
TABLE III. TABLE. IV. 


MAKER'S wank. ASSAY DATE 


ny TOWN agsay DATE 
MAKER’S NAME, WARK. caotig, MASTER'S LETTER. | DATE, _ MAKER'S NAME, Maank. WARK MASTERS cErtem | DATE. 


Thos. Cleghorne ” ” 
in| 
James Sympson $) 99 ” 


1703-4 Patrick Graeme (1725) 1728-9 


‘CASTLE, WA 
Adm. 
ick 1705- 
Aer Reid (1660)| OAS Pac | font bia tt 7) % ES @ A 1705-6 
Edwd. Cleghorne 1681-2 James Tait (1704) 
. (1649)| Walter Scott (1701) ws 1706-7 
Andrew Law (c. 1665) i dd $3 1b | 1682-3 Wm. Ged (1706) WG) EP} C] 1707-8 
Wm. Law (1662) BX af John Penman, jr. tH) 
9? ge I 3-4 2 (1703) 
Thos. Yorstoun hari: Heathane GD 'D) 1708-9 
(1673) : 
: 1684- (1704) 
John Lawe =i A 4°5 _| John Seatoune TS! E 1709-10 
(1661) (1688)| 
James is ates) 9 oy Q 1685-6 James Mitchellsone 1M] F 1710-1 
(1706) 

Bey do. Ress <a Q 1686-7 | | Patrick Turnbull (1689)| G&D ovat 
James Cockburne G "9 ” ig) 1687-8 Robert Ker (6705) RK) 1H] 1712-3 
| (1669) 

, Rob i 6 ¥719"¢ 
George Scott (1677) & ” ” hf 1688-9 es Sree Ry 1) eng: 
nS Mungo Yorstoun (1702) 9 ' K) S734°5 
Wm. Scott (1686)| & ” ” a 1689-90 ra i | 
James Cockburne RY ts eas e694) ae B eS 
| (1669) « 8 mice Harry Beathune (1704) et IMM! 1716-7 
Rob B ; we 9 16g1-2 John Seatoun (1685) TS} 
Oe e, PIULE RB: Chas. Dickson (as 1721) NIN) 1717-8 
: (1687) Chas. Blair (1707) CB) 
Robert Inglis ae rs @ 1692-3 zu 
(1686) ae . Wm. Ure (1715) WU) EP| IN] 
James Sages i$ , ” 1693-4 fines eafivehclionie prot) TM) ip © 1718-9 
Geo. Yorstoune (GY) ” ‘ 10} BOg4-5 po to ee ss eretoun 70) . 'P}R 1719-20 
(1684) ae aah Alexr, Sympsone (1710) AS) 
Alexr. Forbes ” #2 30 1€95-6 Ingli Py ” 
glis (1720) xd 
(1692) 
? 606- 4: : 1720-1 
ae Dt ean & 2 @ Gi 9°71) | David Mitchell (1700) @} S| 
: 1721-2 
(Not identified). WwW 1) ” rT 1697-8 Chas. Dickson (1719) o RR 
James Clarke (1710) S| 1722-3 
Thos. Ker (1694) TK! ote ai % 1698-9 Colin Campbell (1714) @ 
R 22g fas Ken’th McKenzie (714) | oly 1723-4 
Alexr. Kincaid @ ” ” fg 1700 Chas. Blair = (1707) cB) woes 
(1692) n Alexr. aarp an LAE] ee 
: ; : ” ” 1700-1 1721) 
Colin Bee 765) 7 Peed atine (1715) iV) 1725-6 
Geo. Scott, jr. 9 ” 0 4701-2 4 ia | 1726-7 
'(1697) ANNE. James Taitt (1704) W, ies of 
, 7 1702- 
URES angen “i ‘ v ate Harry Beathune (1704) 1727-8 
y) 


1704-5 Wm. Aytoun (1718) 


o 
HE) 
PG) 
a 
LW 1] 


\ 1729-30 


(1687) 
Patrick Murray @ Wm. Jameson (1729) 
(1701) 
James Cockburne ~ | U B bs 1682-3 Bodbwick. Colin Campbell (CC) 'G} r7ixa, Edward 
: er Fes W ra 1717-8 » 
7 James Penman, 19] 1687-8 rm PEP] NN] fis 
as 1685 James Ker 1723-4 ny 


: James } 
Colin McKenzie, 1697-8 Henman. Thos, Mitchell 24: 
as 1700-1 lg ye blag @ 3724508 


172 


TABLE V. 


MAKER’S NAME, 


. Adm. 
James Anderson (1729) 


Hugh Gordon (1727) 
George Forbes (1731) 
John Main (1729) 
Edw’rd Lothian (1731) 


Jobn. Rollo (1731) 
{afterwards Lord Rollo): 


Hugh Penman (1734) 


Alexander Farquharson (1734) 


James Ker (723) 
Dougal Ged (1734) 
James Ker (1723) 

” (r 737) , 


99 
Ebenr. Oliphant (1737) 
Law’ce Oliphant (1737) 
William Aytoun (1718) 
Robert Gordon (1741) 


Edwd. Lothian (173 1) 

Chas. Dickson (1 738) 

Ebenr, Oliphant (1737) 

| John _ Kincard (1726) 
(Not identified.) 


William Gilchrist (1736) 


| Edward Lothian (1732) 


Robert Lowe (1742) LLOW} 
Ebenr. Oliphant (1737) | 


James McKenzie (1747) 


John ~° Edmonston (1753) 


Georgg Forbes 


Robt. Hope 


Wm.  Aytoun 


et 


@ BIBS RERSBES 


6886 8 @ass 


James Weems (1738) 
: 


Wm. Davie (1740) WD) 


TOWN A 
Ad MARK. WA 
M CASTLE. 


Of © @ 


$' 
MARK. 


ve 


SAY 
STER'S 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate | 
TABLE VI. 


ubtiee| pare, 

1730-1 
B | va 
@ 1732-3 
1733-4 
1734-5 
1735-6 
1736-7 
| 1737-8 
1738-9 
£739-40 
GB | ero 
GQ | 1741-2 
Buns 
© | «743-4 
Q | 2744-5 
| 1745-6 
RI 1746-7 
8 1747-8 
1748-9 
1749-50 
1750-1 
1751-2 
1752:3 
ea 
BB | 1754-5 


1737-8 
1743-4 


-5 | Hugh 
*744°5 l \Gendan: 


MAKER’S NAME, 


Ker & Dempster. 
Adm. 
Rbt. Gordon (1741) 


Wm. Taylor (8753) 


.| John Clark (1751). 


Lothian & Robertson, 

James Welsh (1746) 
James Gilsland (1748) 
Alexr, Aitchison (1746) 
Jas. Somervail (1754) 


John Robertson § (1758) | 


Wm. Dempster (1742) 


John Welsh (1742) | 


John Taylor (1760) 


James Hill (1746) 
‘Milne & Campbell ? 
Rbt. Clark (1763) 


Wm. Drummond (1760) 
John Stirling? — (1757) 


Benjn. Tait (1763) 
Gillsland & Ker. 
a 


| Patk. Robertson = (1751) : 


Danial Ren (1764) 


(not identified.) 
James Gilsland (1748) 


Wm, & Jno. Taylor. 


| Wm. Davie (1740) 


” ” 


Alexr, Gairdner (1754) 
James Welsh (1746) 


Wm. Davie (1740) 
James Dempster (1775) 
Patk. Robertson (1751) 


James Hewitt (1750) 


‘maxes TOWN 
MARK. caste. 


ion a 


=. 


{ Wm. Ker, TKER) 
Wm, Taylor? Pwr) } 
ton ras 

~ 


9” 


a9 


o? 


8S 6 @ 


ASSAY 


“Rane. 


Lad 
THISTLE 


a» 


9 


3) 


2 


1759-60 
1761-2 
1767-8 
1771-2 


LETTER 


=~ 


IGSOSeo0eq 


c aa 
Ss Gs 


SBeeaoaerse 


(ye 
\GD 


G3 & 


Robt. Bowman 


Alex. Edmonston 


David Marshall 


James Dempster ” 
Thos. Duffus (1780)) 4UD OY 
Alex. Gairdner (1754) fe 
James Douglas (1785) ve 


W. & P. Cunningham. 


W. & P, Cunningham. 


Geo, Christie (1791) GC] pei ay 
Alex, Zeigler (1782) a 
Peter Mathie (1774) feu tt 
Wm. Robertson (1789) add 
Alex. Henderson (1792) pee + 
ee 


_|Thos. Duffus (1780) Apu 
| Alex. Graham & Co. ? |AG&C’) 

W. & P, Cunningham. 
|John Zeigler (1798) ‘le 
_|Fras. Howden (1781) go 9) 


Matt. Craw. 


Wm. Auld 


(Not identified). 


(788)/( « " 


' Simon Cunningham (1800) 


F 
j 
1 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 


TABLE VII. 
MAKER’S NAME. MAKER'S an 
W. & P, Cunningham. itt 
David Downie ree > ‘9 
Fras. Howden (1781) ‘" vy 


DATE 
THISTLE LETTER. 


BB BN) ss01 


DATE. | 


1B) 1781-2 


1782-3 | 


'D 1733-4 
1784-5 
1785-6 
|'1786-7-8 
1788-9 
TJ) '1789-90 
LG | x700-0 
B02 
| 27023 
IN} “1793-4 
‘0! 1794-5 
P| 1795-6 
‘Q) 1796-7 
Ri] 1997-8 


1798-9 


1799 
I¢oo 


1800-1 
1801-2 
1802-3 
1803-4 


1804-5 


GQdqadadaa 


1805-6 


MAKER'S NAME. 


| 


TABLE VIII. 


MAKER'S 
WARK. 


R. Green or R. Grierson. [RG] 
Cunningham & 
Simpson. ES 
(Not identified). |'DsM| 
Do. do. * UH) 
George Fenwick, GF 
John McDonald. a 
Robt. Gray & Son 
fo datas as 
Math, Craw. MC} 
Alexr. Henderson. | —¥Q 
Ne McKay. : 
Frs. Howden. 
R. K. (a Perth maker). 
Wm. Zeigler. 
Js. & Wm. Marshall. | eam 
Chas. Dalgleish. 
J. McKay. 
Do. do. 
Redpath & Arnot. ER a) 
J’n’th’n Millidge ? 
Frs, Howden. FH 
Do. do. 9 
Redpath & Arnot. 
Alexr. Zeigler, 
Marshall & Sons, 
J. McKenzie? : 
J. McKay. 
Leon’d Urquhart. 
(Not identified). | TY 
j. McKay. 
Do. do. ay 
Peter Sutherland. 
Cunningham & 
Simpson 
(Not identified). 


aings TOWN eave 
MARK. 
* CASTLE THISTLE, LETTER 


oe 


LD 


Jd 


99 


NAGsggconuessvdgseserr ooagaqas 


DATE, 


1806-7 
1807-8 
1808-9 
1809-1 
1810-1 
‘1811-2 
1812-3 | 
1813-4 
1814-5 
1815-6 
1816-7 
1817-8 
1818-9 
1819-20 
1820-1 
1821-2 
1822-3 
1823-4 
1824-5 
1825-6 
1826-7 
1827-8 | 
1828-9 
1829-3¢ 


WM. IV. 
1830-1 


1831-2 


1808-9 


IS2I-2 


174 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 


TABLE IX. 


MAKER'S NAME, MAR 


Marshall & Sons. 


Jas. Nasmyth, 


(Not identified). 


Elder & Co, E&C? 
R. & R. Keay, of Perth. 
J. McKay. IM. 
A.D, (see the Arbroath 
Marks). 
Jas. Howden & Co. 
{ 
Jas. Nasmyth & Co, 
Geo. Jameson, of Aber- 
deen. 
Marshall & Sons. M&S 
McKay. 


D G as Canongate 
Cc. 1836 (page 514). 


Marshall & Sons, 
J. Hay. on 
Mackay & Chisholm. | 288 
Do, do, ” 
Chas, Robb. IC RI 
J. Hay. | JH} 
(Not identified), 


MAKER'S KING'S TOWN 
+ HEAD. CASTLE. THISTLE. LETTER 


1B © 


90 ee eo 
oe 9” oe 
o? oe 9 
a] $e + 
99 ry 9 
oe rr) 9 
Lad 99 or 
fens 

EAD. 


o9 9 9 
a9 9 ve 
ve ” 9 
oe v9 9 
or ” ” 
ve Bd ee 
99 iB 9 
%» 

oy es 
o 99 9 
i es * 
M4 oF Tr) 
oe ° 9 
09 ” ve 
09 e* ee 
e hdd * 


DATE 


HSoSseOsaGoseseeSsesneeoegu eaf 


1836-7 
VICTORIA, 
1837-8 
1838-9 
1839-40 
1840-1 
1841-2 
1842-3 

S 
1843-4 
1844-5. 
1845-6 
1846-7 
1847-8 


1848-9 


1849-50 


1850-1 
1851-2 - 
1852-3 
1853-4 
1854-5 
1855-6 


1856-7 


MAKER'S NAME, 


J. & W. Marshall. 


Jonthn, Millidge? 


(Not identified). 


Alex. Hay. 

Fs Asherheim, 

R. L. Christie. 

J. E. Vernon. 

Wm. Crouch, 

D. Blackley. 

W. J. McDonald. 

Wm. = Marshall. 

Elder & Co, 

ds Smith or Scott. 

D. & J. Sanderson, 

Cockburn & McDonald. 

Geo. Edwards & Son, 
3 1 fs Hamilton & Son. 


George Laing. 
Walter Neil. 
Wm. Carstairs, 


Carlisle & Watt. 
W. Fraser. 
Jas. Aitchison, 
. Johnston. 
Jas. Hamilton, 
John = Crichton. 


M. Crichton, 
Robb & Whitte¢ 
C. or J. Gray, 


Mackay & Chisholm. 


J. Crichton, 


‘Hamilton & Inches. 


sae eee ooo 


@ BE 
to oe 


i 

lanl 

i 
o 
2 
= 
cd 


AH oo. # 


9° 29 


WwJM'D 09 $9 
a 
CT en 
ee «=o 
CE Ty 
&S oF 
“ Ad Ad 
Tieeer 
.» 
Ly} 
os. 
rn 
cm CY 
re 
re 
* 
iT) 
mC) 
aay oe 
HN ,, 
Sais 9 OT 
Ce + yy 
H&1 nT) 
1 =o 


iP 


TOWN 
QUEENS warn, 
mK UEk. CASTLE. 


emerus: a 
eA) 
» §& 


02909866000 00008 0008 80898 


99 


‘DATE. 


1857-8 
1858-9 
1859-6¢ 
1860-1 
1861-2 
1862-3 
1863-4 
1864-5 
1865-6 
1866-7 
1867-8 
1868-9 


1869-70 
ve 
1870-1 


1871-8 
1872-3 
1873-4 
1874-5 , 
1875-6 
1876-7 
1877-8 
1878-9 
1879-80 
1880-r | 


1881-2 


1871-2 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 


MAKER'S NAME. 


Wm. Knaggs. 


Hamilton & Inches. 


Mackay & Chisholm, 
Jas. Duncan. 
Milne of Aberdeen. 


|W. Crouch & Sons. 


Hamilton & Inches. 
J. Crichton & Co. 
Jas. Duncan. 


Brook & Son. 


J. Crichtoa, & Co. 


Lewis Cohen. 
Latimer & Sons, 
Jas. Duncan. 
D. Crichton. 


J. Crichton & Co. 
McDonald &. Horne. 
J.Hardy &Co, 


W. Crouch & Sons. 


W. & J. Milne. 
Hamilton & Inches. 


Thos. Johnston. 
Young & Tatton. 
Jas. ‘Robertson, 


Brook & Son, 


wy 


BE oe 
a wW 


Loe 


68 GaBE 


— 
iad 
© 
Z 
yn 


Wad 


ge 


G OBHER GAG BF 


© 


TABLE XI. 


Ww 


TOWN 
KER® Queen's 
ARK. HEAD. CASTLE 


Bat 
| 
Fe 


9», 


9 


DATE .. 
THISTLE. LETTER | 


99 


99 


0GDO OG 60000 © COeG2SSoSGooOonoeasco 


DATE. 


1882-3 
1883-4 
1884-5 
1885-6 
1886-7 
1887-8 
1888-9 
1889-90 
1890-1 
18gI-2 
| 1892-3 
1893-4 


>) 
1894-5 


1896-7 
1897-3 


1898-9 


1899 
1900 


1900-1 
IQOI-2 


1902-3 


1903-4 
1904-5 
1905-6 


1906-7 


1895-6 ~ 


EDW. VII. 


175 


ad 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 


TABLE XII. 


egtee DA 
MAKER'S NAME. castie, THISTLE. Lettin 


= 
: 
rs 
fe 
; 
4 
* 
‘ 
“ 


Marks on Edinburgh Plate 177 


CANONGATE GOLDSMITHS’ MARKS. 


FROM ABOUT I680 TO ABOUT 1836. 


(The dates are approximate, except to the extent that the inscribed dates may be relied on.) 


, 


DATE © MARKS. MAKER’S NAME. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


(aBourT). 


—_— 


1680 GC} 8 fee) |... =.) | Spoon: Edinburgh Museum of Antiquities. 
= (GC! ¢ . ; fo) |... Po ... | Spoon, with flat stem, dated 1689: Edinburgh 


Museum of Antiquities. 


a Mz] ei Mz) ue te ... | Two com. cups, carried off 168g, recovered 
/ 1697: Flisk. 


1696 7” i? ... | Two com. cups, dated 1696: Bolton, Had- 
dington. 


Wine taster: Messrs. Crichton. 


9 ie sate tee > | Do do. do. 


1760 CM] es ds ... | Table-spoon,+t ‘ double drop ” back of bowl: 
Glasgow Exhibition, of 1901. 
1763 ” ee abs ... | Two com. cups, dated 1763: Auchtertool. 
1780-90 : ae ts ... | Oil lamp, which may also have been used as 
Ca] a candlestick :.Mr: G. Glass. Also stag’s 


head over R, on fork: Mr. Clement Gadsby. 
PC} ¥ PC] “ss ase’ ase | Table-spoon (fiddle pattern): Rev. J. Carr. 


ot Bi ("4 ee “re ... | Tea-spoon (fiddle pattern): The Marquess of 
ee Breadalbane. 
oNS¢ Ss 
42M > M. Hinchsliffe. | Tea-spoons (fiddle pattern): The Marquess 
a Ei ) +4” of Breadalbane andthe Author. 


fe) &} IP) ove eee eee Tea-spoon : ‘Mr. Geo. Henderson. 
Gy Fi ay he ... | Table-spoon (fiddle pattern): Mr. Chisholm. 


1836 3) Kee DG) David Greig (?)| Toddy ladle (fiddle pattern) : Mr. Dudley 


1820 


Westropp. 


the name of “hammermen” in 153 


CHAPTER XVI 
Marks on Glasgow Plate 


The Glasgow goldsmiths were incorporated with other metal workers under 


6. 


A date letter was probably adopted in 1681, as it was in Edinburgh, but its 
use was discontinued about 1710 and was not regularly used again until 1819. 
The letter S which is frequently found on early pieces probably stands for 
sterling. The assay office was established by statute of George III in Glasgow 
in the year 1819. 


TABLE I. 


ES 


@ 
= 


- 
- 


— 
se 


: 68 8888 S & 


s 
~e 


@ 


OOo 
°-83 8BSE & & 


© 
eK 


WS RSEORBOADs Srors-BhoenGe@er 


= 
aad 


: BE 


TREE, % 
FISH & MAKER'S DATE 
BELL. MARK. LETTER 


MAKER'S NAME, 


Thos. Moncrur (1665) 


Robt. Brook (1673) 


Robert Brook (1673) 


Jas. Stirling (1684) 


Do. Do. 


Robt. Brook 


(1673) 


Robert Brook (1673) 


Wm. Clerk (1693) 


Robert Brook (1673) 


John Luke* 


James Luke 


(1692) 


Thos, Cumming (1682) 
John Luke, jr. (1699) 


Do. do, do, 


178 


TABLE II. 
@ 'B} John Luke, jr. (1699) 


DATE 
(asouT.) 


MAKER'S 
MARK, 


zf ie se: 'D) Do, do. ” 

WC ae: wick 1” | William Clerk 

” 

” TB} Johan Got-helf-Bilsings 

(1717) 
1728-31 9 7) 99 
1725-35 ” 
ves] 1 @ 
” GIN 


Saml. 


HA REE 
= > i) & 


SS 
= 


Sago: Wena 


David 


(No maker's mark). 


John Campbell (1757) 


(Not identified.) 


=] PS Con oy = 
we i" 
ra € un) ie CG 


| Bayne & Napier. 


Marks on Glasgow Plate 179 


FABLE III, LADUE LY, 


\ DATE) waker'’s TREE. wanen's 


Fish & LETTER. oe DATE. KING'S MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, 
Leis). MARK, «FISH & MARK. MAKER’s NAME, Lio AKER 


Ey 
RAMPANT. LETTER HEAD. 


B. Scott. 
1819-20 3 ‘a (Not identified.) 


GEO. IV. Luke F. Newlands (1816) 
1820-4 Jas. Downie (1812) 


* | 1824-2 
1822-3 
4823-4 
1824-5 
1825-6 


4826-1 
{827-8 


1828-9 
1829-30 


WM. IV. 
1830-1 
* 
1831-2 
1832-3 
1833-4 
1834-5 


1836-6 


_ 1763-70 Ac Adam Graham (1763) 


Se 
ry 
oe 


BEBBEEBH EE BE 


v9 9 99 


Do. do. 


Robt. Gray&Son - 
(1819) 
Robt. Duncan (1813) 


Do. do. 


James Taylor (1773) 


es) 


Milne & Campbell. John = Bruce (1815) 


(Not identified.) 


Q : 
OROR Rae 


Do. do. 


Alexr, Mitchell (1822) 


Robert Gray (1776) 
Angus McDonald (1824) 


@ 


Do. do. 


: Peter Arthur (1808) 
Taylor & Hamilton. 


Edwd. Bell (1827) 


Jas. Burrell & Co, 
(1825) 


Danl. Robertson (1829) 


James McEwen (1783) 


< 
~ 


1777-99 


Love (1777) 


1782-92 Wright (1782) 


John Mitchell _ .., 
(as 1835-6 below). 
Robt, Gray & Son 
(1819) 


Peter Arthur (1808) 


1785-95 Donald (1785) 


1O} Do. ‘do. ” 
Patrick McFarlane (1781) 


Lion 
RAMPANT. 


SO :-O8SG0O0@ : 


‘BR BBEBaG 


ur) 


11) 
ae RG) 
HD 
om 


D.C. Rait ~~~ (1832) 
John Mitchel 11834) 


Na bs Archibald McFadyen (1811 = 
i | . 1836-7 D.C. Rait (1832) 
(Not identified.)  _ 
The town mark is usually found between the duplicated RIT, W. Parkins (1835) 
makers’ marks, both of which are struck with the same 
punch, 1338-9 Robt, Gray & Son 


(1819) 


4889-40 Do. e 
1840-4 


1841-2 


1842-3 
1843-4 
1844-5 


John Mitchell (1834) 


a . 6s eeqne ke Gea 
BB: BEBE Es & 


*Henry Muirhead (1838) 


*Henry Downs (1831) 
“D.C. Rait (1832) 


NAHABSSHEBsaSTBSBsBssee89 es2008 


*Chas. Bryson (1834) 


1823 P'G Philip Grierson. 


€. 1826 JL John Law. 


Re Marks on Glasgow Plate . 


TABLE V. TABLE VI. 


TREE, 8 MAKERS 
vans RAKUANT. LETTER. HEAD. MARK. MAKER’S NAME, 


TREE, 
» = LION = DATE. QUEEN'S MAKE 
Lo She RAMPART, ubtten. 9 D. “Aine 


(845-6 i?) @ Walter Baird (1845) vena | Gs 3 ‘Al +) 
1846-7 | 9» » ” Robt. Gray & Son (1819) 1872-3 as , 
(847-8 | *» | id $4 ne 1873-4 cid 
{848-9 | » ” ” @ John Russell (1845) 1874-5 
1849-50] »» ” oe Peter Aitken, jr. - 1875-6 
TS a ” jl. & W. Mitchell (1834) 1876-7 
1851-2 | »» ” ” 1877-8 
{859-3 |» % ” Robt. Gray & Son (1819) 1878-9 
f (second mark) 0 
1850-4 | 9 |» " a2 
1880-1 
4854-5 | 9» ry) ” A. MeMillan (1837) 
1884-2 
1855-6.) ” » | @ | R. Stewart (1842) 


1882-3 
(888-4 
1884-6 
1885-6 
1886-1 
18818 
1888-0 
1889-90 
1800-4 
1601-2 

| 18008 

| 1800-4] . 
1804-5 


1896-6 
1896-7 


Oe a 
1867-8 | | 
1808-9) | 
1860-60] »» | 
{860-1 | +» |» 
ese a 
19) 7 | 
34] "| 
80-5 | 9 |» 
1865-6} » | 
806-7 | | 
18 | 2 |e 
1368-0 | 9» |.» 
1869-70) 9» | 
1870-4 


” A, McDonald (1845) 
iw A. & S|] 


oy | ees | W. Alexander & Son. 


FOR MAKERS’ MARKS SEE LIST ON FOLLOWING PAGES. 


7) Ji Murray (1862) 


NAssEeGOouU SBOE Rseacesouu0e8 


NHOBSSAUOBSTOPSHseoseaggeseoe 


* 

tae 

7 Bane 

fe. ars 
ees 


Marks on Glasgow Plate 


1897-8 


1898-9 


1899 
1900 


1g00-I 

EDW. VII. 
IgOI-2 
1902-3 
1903-4 
1904-5 
1905-6 

| 1906-7 
1907-8 
1908-9 
1909-10 
Ch 

IQIO-1 
IQII-2 
1912-3 
1913-4 
1914-5 
1915-6 

1916-7 
1917-8 
1918-9 
1919-20 
1920-1 


192I-2 


TABLE VII. 


TREE, 

i LION 
fish & 
BELL. RAMPANT. 


ak; 
= 


09 


B 
Q 
i) 
@ 
ey 
a 
W) 


MAKER’S 


MARKS. 


181 


CHAPTER XVII 
Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 


ABERDEEN 


TABLE I, 


IATE 
alta MAKER’S MARK. 


’ 
AE. 
(ABOUT). MAKER'S NAME 


1600-25 AB ym a pm 


NY 
@ © i 
ws WG Wn, 
AG AG 
1690 3 


1691-7 
1703 LD Di Do. 

Oe Geo. aaa a 

GR aX GH 3 Do. do. ” 


(Not identified.) 


1670-7 Scott (1666) 


1672-8 Alexr; Galloway 


(1672) 
(Not identified.) 


1710-20 


3 WALKER Do. do, 


[GC] aX) [GC] @ George Cooper (1728) 


© 8 © 
GO B 


Alexr. Forbes (1728) 


George Cooper (1728) 
”? 


Abercrombie 
(1734) 


(1748) 
ICA) aX) Do. soe oe 


me o 
Do. do. ee 


Coline Allan 


James  Wildgoose 
176 


Walter Melvil (1650). 


DATE 
(ABOUT). 


1760 


” 
1766-79 


1772-7 


1777-8 | 


1782-96 


1783-90 


1790 to 
1800 


TABLE II, 
MAKER’S MARK, MAKER’S NAMR. 
a (Not identified.) 


BL} & Do. = do. 
GP | Jas. Gordon (2766) 


. TABD| | Do. do, 


9 


do. 
Alexr, Thompson (1772) 
oa Jas. Law (777) 
or oe Do. do. 
@ i) Do. do. 
ity John Leslie (1782) 
A BD Sas oa 
@ @ Do. do. 
Tents Do. do. 
oe & Do. do. 
CEFN) Jas. Smith (1783) 
@D Do. do. 
@® Do. do. 
iP R| A] BID} (Not identified.) 
Nath. Gillet (1786) 
Do. = do. 


{ eth 


eo eo (J £3 | Do. do, 
A James Erskine (1796) 
- « Do. do. 
3 Do. do, 
Gy | Do = do. 
75 200 (Not identified.) 


Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 183 


ABERDEEN (Continued). EXAMPLES OF 


DATE 


TABLE III, 


MAKER’S MARK. 


MAKER’S NAME. 


ARBROATH MARKS 


(aBouT). Bpa® MARKS. 
(ABOUT). 
(Not identified.) 
DOUGLAS 00 @ | Douglas (?) ee e ¥; 
Allan (1797) 638 ED  O 8 
do. 1830-9 ) 
11D) Rt | U0 Douglas (?) () 


: 


TD) 


[nya BycByAB 


Qooo 
mm OOD cv 


BAB 
IB) 
aa ones 
Cay AHOD 
ny 
ABD 


do. 

(Not sdentified.) 
Do. do. 
Do. do. 
Do. do. 
do. 


do. 
do. 


do. 


Geo. Jamieson 
(Not identified.) 


Do. do. 
Do. do. 


STIRLING. 


@ 


184 Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 


ELGIN GREENOCK 


DATE ’ 
’ ’ 
§ ME. MAKER S MARK. 
(ABOUT). MAKER S MARK MAKERS NA 


? 
(ABOUT). MAKER’S NAME. 


wo | TA mae@ 


of Glasgow. 


James Humphrey. 


do. 
(E on its back and LN for as: d 
{ Elgin). i 


ee 9 *e a 
James Humphrey ¢| 5A 45: 
: bs be ae 
Chas Fowler. ot Cuccala 
1780 SIGHS, 
@ - Q 
" Aw 


Thos; Stewart 
(see Inverness, p. 549). 1790 vw (6 


» | Oa 
1800 son 63x 


‘ 


-|/ @eove 
» | BOBS 

Ars @O Bal 

i So 


1800 te ae oo) 6te 
Seventeenth Century ® 


te ee Lad %9 


eo ef ot te | John - Meron: 
a 1&GH BR J. & G, Heron? 


1800 i re ; 
2. Ped 
WICK. ci @ fi + WH, Yo 
1820 & @ Do. do. 


End of the Eighteenth 


bi Peterhead and 
Century 


Greenock mark. 


Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 


BANFF 


MAKER’S MARK. 


DATE 
(ABOUT). 


- 1680 | Wm. 
- 1698 f® | >. 
1720 ea 0] Wm. 
725 | eIPs Patk. 


1732-41 


8 Eo 


MAKER’S NAME. 


do. 


Scott, junr. 


Scott. 


Patrick Gordon. 


1750 BAF: Alexr. Shirras. 
1775 | BEN John Argo. 
1780- Do. do. 
1785 Wm, Byres. 
1795 | [RQ 02903 jonn Keith. 
» |Bieé Do. do, 
Pee@uni | « 
i: H FIMO | Po. = do. 
8 @ Do. do. 
Don, do. 
Do. do. 
Do. do. 
(Not identified.) 
1820 B| Geo, _Elder.* 
1835 John McQueen. 
1850 Bi Wm. Simpson, 


DUNDEE 
eer MAKER’S MARK. 
1628 
1631 | 
73 | GRO GY GG 
1648 
1667. @ 
= | @ ae 
1730 


ws 6S o 
mm | MR» MH 
1764 8 
1776 7 WS} 
¥ 99 9? M} 
| ae 8 8 
| EL} 9 fi) 9 
| as 
| 


or 
” ” 
%o (RBG OO 
ot 8 on 
NOR ae 
| DMs g DI) 
» Dw 


Ni 
mf} o § 


1809 


185 


MAKER’S NAME. 


Alexr. Lindsay (1628) 

Robt. Gairdine 
(mentioned 1683) 

Do. do. 

Do. do. 

Thos. Lindsay (1662) 

Chas. Dickson (1722) 

John Steven 
(mentioned 1764) 

Alexr. Johnston — (1739) 

John Steven (1764) 

Wm. Scott (1776) 

Do. do. 

Alexr. Cameron (1818) 


Edwd, Livingstone (1809) | 


] 
Alexr. Cameron _ (1818) | 


Robt. 


Naughton ? 


(see Inverness, p. 549) 


Thos. 


Stewart ? 


(see Inverness, p. 549) 


Wm. 


Constable. (1806) 


(Not identified.) 


Edwd. Livingstone (1809) 


Do. 


Wm. 


(Not identified.) 
David Manson (809) 
do. 
Young (800) | 


186 


Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 


DATE 
(aBouT), 


1675 
1680 
1687_ 
1710 
1750 
1772 
1780 


PERTH 


MAKER’S MARK, 


OSs 
ao? & 
a a & 
Qo: Go» 
CD ss, 


ISHOMWEYRY) 
R&RK Me R&R EK] 


a8 
3] 
B 
Be) 


“i Sf 


MAKER’S NAME. 


Robert Gardiner (1569) 


Do. do. do. 


‘William Scott, of Banff 


James  Cornfuté (1772) 


+; Pirie 


Robert Keay (1791) 
J. J. 
Robert Keay (1791) 


William Ritchie (1796) 
John = Sid (1808) 
R. & R, Keay 

David Greig (c. 1810) 
Charles Murray (1816) 

(No maker's mark.) 

R. McG. 

LE H. 

Robert Greig (1817) 
Robert Keay, jr. (1825) 
A. Maxie 

John Pringle (1827) 
Robert Keay, jr. (1825) 


John Pringle (1827) 


David Greig, jr. 


Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 187 


INVERNESS 


MAKER’S NAME, 


DATE 
(ABOUT). 


1640 PN Pe sisuce 
_ Ty Do. do. 
1680 rR] M. Ry kas 


7s | MR RB Mo Lise 


’ DATE 
MAKER’S MARK. (anour: MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME, 


Jameson & Naughton. 


ee oF Macmas. 


” ” 99 ls do. 


McR. 
IRNGINSH ¥ PRN, 
@ do. 


Fraser. 


Jamieson. 


Naughton. 


sil il al 


ve) $B BB Pleats, 


6 iS 


ea (2 


me a. 


GEN +. EN 
Pre Col Fa) 
ES © 


Do. do. 

John Baillie 
Thos. Baillie 
Alexr, Stewart 
Robert Anderson 
Alexr. Stewart, jr. 
(No maker’s mark.) 
* Hamilton & Co. 
J. A. 


T. & Co. 


Alexr. Stewart, jr. 


Chas. Jamieson 


[AM] INS OJ@) 
LA McLJINS Krakeka) 


MS os © 
F BROS 


*Alexr. 


- Do. 


Thos. 


Donald 


Alexr. 


Ferguson Brothers, 


Ferguson & MacBean. 


ST. ANDREWS 


About 1671 


188 Marks of the Minor Scotch Guilds 


TAIN 


LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 


MARKS. ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


SOB Table-spoon: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G. 
50S Boe) Eg | Tea-pot: Mr. Willoughby Farr. 


TAINEA Toddy ladle: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 


99 Dinner fork : Oe 


Do. do. . 


W.L. ZAIN BY Tea-spoon 


MONTROSE 


DATE MAKER’S NAME, 
(ABOUT). 


| Wm. Lindsay 
1670 WL) (probably). 
iF ) Wm. Lindsay: 


yet eee 7) 1 Do. do. 
@ Soa Do. do, 


8 Goo 


Bi} 8) Thos. Johnston. 
> GD CE} OD | “eatnitced r758, 


do. 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Table-spoon, pricked 1672, Mr. A. W. 
Stone. 


Com. cups, “ gifted 1671: Forfar. 
Spoon with flat stem Mr. W. Boore. 
Com..cup, ‘‘ given 1688”: Laurence- 
kirk, Montrose. 


Com. cups, ‘ gifted 1680”: Bervie, 
and (1683) Aberlemno, 


Wavy-end spoon: Mr. J. H. Walter. 


| f Com. cups: Marykirk, Montrose. 
(icnkorsett Mr. H. Dawson, 


Dessert-spoon: The Marquess of 
Breadalbane, K.G. 


Wm, Mill (1811) | Tea-spoon — : Do. do. 


65 Ae ee ae 


CHAPTER XVIII 
Unascribed Scotch Marks 


THE DATES APPENDED—WHICH ARE CONJECTURED APPROXIMATELY—ARE SUCII AS 
THE CHARACTER OF THE ARTICLE AND STYLE OF THE WORK IN EACH CASE SUGGEST. 


DATE 


(ABOUT). ARTICLES AND OWNERS. 


Possibly an Inverness mark. Spoon with ‘‘wrythen” knop: 
Lord Breadalbane, 


Folding rat-tail spoon: Museum of Antiquities, Edinburgh. 
Fork, with seal atend: Do. do. do. 
Small quaich: Lord Breadalbane. 


Plaid brooch: Do. do. 


Taper stand, etc. : Windsor Castle. 
(? Chas. Alchorne, ent. 1729.) 


Dessert-spoons ; Lord Breadalbane. 
Salt-box: Mr. Dudley Westropp. 


Small bowl: Messrs. Crichton. 


Cad) 
O-7r I C) Chon Large soup ladle: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G. 


D> @ Small quaich: Mr. Nyberg. 
; , fBonbonniére: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 
A Me eanope! Lord Newlands. 


4s) S] o Tea-spoons : The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G. 


'T.COLGAN] Tea-spoon: Do, do. 


ELD Two-handled tray: Mr, A. J. Davis. 


Tablespoon: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 


cr GW Dessert-spoon: Messrs. Mackay & Chisholm. 


* Lord Breadalbane suggests that these marks emanate from some place near Glasgow, 


189 


190 Unascribed Scotch Marks 


ARTICLES AND OWNERS, 


Sugar tongs: The Marquess of Breadalbane, K.G, 


Tea-spoon ; Do. do, 


cs éRb) Sance ladle : do. 


~ ee 
4 (Perhaps Dundee marks). Each mark struck twice on table- 
spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 


& Dessert-spoons: Messrs. Crichton. 
F4G Fiddle-pattern forks: Noted by Mr. Dudley Westropp. 


gos & *(Perhaps Dundee marks) Marrow scoop: Lord Breadal- 


bane. 


Me | - | +Shell-pattern caddy spoon: Lord Breadalbane. 


m2 Small tea-spoon 
RB Salt-spoon 


CM ry Table-spoon and mounts of shell snuff-box : The Marquess 
i of Breadalbane, K.G. 


p= f") ° 
1816 ISIG { Pepper caster: Messrs. Crichton. 
1800-20 ro) *Perhaps John Glenn of Montrose. Half a dozen tea- 


spoons: Lord Breadalbane. 
[ray *Dozen fiddle-pattern table-spoons : Lord Breadalbane. 


* f Fe : i : 
§ 8 Dozen fiddle-pattern tea-spoons : Do do 


* These are believed to be the marks of travelling goldsmiths, called ‘* Tinkers ”’, 

+ It has been suggested that these are Leith marks. : 

tIt is with considerable hesitation that this line of marks is included. The work, however, not 
appearing to be continental, as suggested by the striking of the full date ‘* 1816,”” the marks have been 
placed here as ‘‘ doubtful” Scotch because of the thistle. 


= ls 


ea + aA 3 » " wa Me " = a ee 
ree, a eae? a ee 


CAREER XIX 
Marks on Dublin Plate 


Highly skilled goldsmiths worked in Ireland when Saxon kings reigned in 
England. Names of goldsmiths of the Twelfth Century have been preserved. 
The Dublin Goldsmiths Company was chartered in 1637. 


TABLE I. TABLE II. 


DATE MAKER'S -_MAKER’S NAME. 


oun DATE. MAKER'S 
CROWNED. LETTER. MARK 


HARP ’ 
GROWMBD. UBTTER. MARK. MAKER S NAME, 


CHAS. 7 aad Be 
aos 1658-9 | Qa | wey 
1638-9 | oi | | ames Vanderbeck, 
PAS W J hee ag ‘ Joseph Stoaker. t 
1609-40 Rt : ie John Thornton. 1659-60 6) me = 
Edwd, Chadsey. CHAS. II. 7 
4640-4 iC. & John Thornton. 1660-1 Cc 
1641-2 i) pales Win. Cooke. l6ot-2 ad 
1849-3 E 1662-3 ep € 
1643-4 F 1663-4 B Joseph Stoaker.+ 
1644-5 G 04-5 | » | & belie Rates 
1645-6 H 
mel {005-6 h 
1646-7 LE B | ia eebactcer) 1666-1 1 
ier it hn 
cOMWTH, {668-9 f 
1649-60 M 1669-70 Mm 
1650-4 N 1670-1 IN TL 
eS ; 1671-2 'O) Joseph Stoaker.t 
1653-4 Q ra P 
1655-6 S Die Daniel Bellingham. 1674-5 v 
: 1675-6 S$ 
| {856-1 iy Ce eee, pre t 
“lh My (6118 wv 


0 | | @ George Gallant, 


19! 


192 


1678-9 | 


1680-1 


1696-9 


Marks on Dublin Plate 


TABLE III. 


DATE MAKERS 


CROWNED. LETTER, MARK 


2 


“ GB<E 
GEGS SOSS: O8BE 


<1 
w Gy 
0 


@i> 
i 


@ 
SS8EG@Q@R2Q6EEQ B 


MAKER’S NAME, 


(warden 1701). 


Joseph 


Timothy Blackwood.t 
Samuel Marsden. 
James Kelly. 
Andrew Gregory. 
Do. do, 

John Phillips. 
Wm. Lucas or 
‘Walter Lewis, 
Edwd. Swan. 
James Kelly. 
John Farmer. 
John _—_ Cuthbert. 
Robert Nevill, 
John Humphrys. 
David King. 

| Robt. Smith 


Walker. 


Drayton. 


Myers. 
Stanley. 
Bolton. 
Phillips. 
King. 


Walker. 


Humphrys. 


Stanley. 


TABLE IV. 


DATE R’ 
crown. Lerter, “Mien? | “AKERS NAME, 


1699 ‘Ant’ny Stanley _ ny Stanley 
1700 g : ew Edward Workman 
1700-1 *9 Alexr. Sinclair. 


ma | B besa 


IB Thomas Boulton. 
ANNE, 
- {109-3 ) 4P. GB | vo. ao. 
99 


1703-4 | >» Do. do. 


| © Henry Matthews. 
{Ti 56 9 | | SY) Joseph Walker. | 


DK) David King. 


@ | Edward Barrett. 
Thomas Bolton. 


{706-1 F 8 


ooo) > | Gag | | 8 
1710-1-2 eS w (Maker's mark seedistinch 
ey Ecward Workman. 


1749-3-4 @ i; @® ‘® Walter Archdall. 


Do. do. 
(Maker's mark indistinct) 


David King. 
i 


ED . John Clifton. 
GEO 1. 
1714-5 | ” g WA Wm, Archdall. © 


John Tuite,+ 
Ta 


1746-6 B @ | John acer’ 


Joseph Walker. 
David Kin 
(as i: ee 


1716-7 4 | My 


| 
3712 GS } Francis Gerard 


iit alll 


Marks on Dublin Plate 193 


TABLE V. TABLE VI. 


HARP DATE = MAKER'S MAKER’S NAME, Rises pave) aubee Whkees , 
CROWNED. LETTER. MARK. choco. eae, MIRE. mance’ MAKER’S NAME. 


Joseph Walker. 


> | Esther Forbes. 
Christr. Thompson. {731-2 AL @ @® | Erasmus Cope? 
{717-8 @ 9) Wm. aoe eo pay a9 GB Anthony Lefebure. 
i [John Hamilton. "1a GD | james Douglas 
© : Sa) John Savage? we Wm. Williamson. 
9 °° | @E9 | rhos. Parker. 1733-4 | 9» 2 o 4 (8B | Charles Lemaitre. 
1718-9 | + B Erasm’s Cope. HD | John — Taylor. 
Wm. Townsend. 
@) Henry Daniell. Co pie Leslie 
ded G G ile John = Clifton, jr lets ‘D) @ én 
Ar he} _ ‘Willi : 
oS y g | Gb ie pe ag Thos illiamson 
ha pate Barth Mosse, 
1720-4 v aq | TH John Hamilton. ess 2 19 z) PAB Alexr. Brown. 
= Do. hey Ey John Williamson. 
{121-2 | » 33] és Thos. Sutton. John Wilme. 
i es : €3 Andrew Goodwin. © 
&> John = Clifton, sr. 
i223 | + Cc) i) | Edwd. Barrett. Coy Jems o> Taylor: 
Qi | Robert Harrison. 1737-8 | + AR] ‘ | 'D.Kj David King? 
1793-4 |» D) 2) | Thos. Walker. Samuel Walker. 
| = he 'S) '" } gra | Matthew Walker, 
@ Wm. Duggan. 9 i 
Andrew Goodwin. 
@ Thos. Slade. 60 a 
tT0-5 € Gg rE fokn'= Taylor, 1739-40 |» wi ae iW] Francis Williamson. 
& Thos. Bolton. a pestle Ses: 
NOX! Mathw. Walker. 0-1 | > @ . John Moore. 
1735-6 |» J sin Michl. Hewitson. €GQ | Alexr. Richards. 
Mathw. Walker. aes Ga es >» Taane D’Olier. 
1726-7 ” 6, | ( Serafin Cag) ve John Laughlin. 
i) ere arenes) eS Christr. Locker. 
ae RC) Pac acre ha 1743-4 he | RYH) Robt. Holmes. 
1121-8 1) ei ra les John Letablere. 
Wm. Clarke. 
fel Coe’) ieey James Whitthorne. 
IR} John Robinson. {745 Ef 3) 
1728-9 ” g| 3 Bolton Cormick. NY John Moore. 
: Jas. | Whitthorne. 
es TRU) Robert Calderwood. {746 : Z) | Wa (see 1745). | 
1729-30 Fig fit | John Moore. 
: @ Wm. Archdall. 
: 1730-4 v aL { 'DK) David King. 


194 Marks on Dublin Plate 
“TABLE VII. TABLE VIII. 


‘ HIBER- DATE HARP MAKER'S < y 
MIBER- pate HARP MAKER'S MAKER'S NAME. NIA LETTER. CROWNED MARK, MAKER’S NAME. 
SIA, LBTTER. CROWNED MARK, 


" : 

; ee ef 
0 ab a ie a A wae 
rer i ore 


ty Wm. Williainson. ID h Walker. 
*1747 @ AY Cc, Fox. ITT3 @ A) ir - ‘ta 
WAY | will. Walsh. i 4 
1748 | + 'B » | GED | Will. Beates, 114 | Ly " John Craig. . 
ai) TC) John Christie. "5 C} ; A-B} Apes Boxwell. 2 
1749 | » C, AG | (BB | John Laughlin. 1 Y » | Ry Richd, Williams. - 
: fG:} | Mathias Brown. 'D} Chas. Townsend, ” 
1750 ag 'D) ee Isaac D’Olier, 1776 es aeist pew. q 
1751-2 ‘9 E) E) v | LE) ee aie Darby Kehoe. g 4 
William Ring. 1777 ” 9 Stephen Walsh, ‘ 
1752-3 ” FF * | {Siz} | Mich’el Homer. 118 iy i ETT) | Michael Homer. oe 
9 _ “ 
[Gy | Wm. Townsend. John —_Pittar. 2 
1753-4 G. 9 { AR) Alexr. Richards, 4779 ae 'G) ce { te Jos. Jackson. “a 
1754-5 Christr. Skinner a oe 
- ristr. ; 
by = H) x ® 4180 y | S82 | Michael Walsh. 
ve : a ii €83 [John Bolland, 
? TT ” A) Matt’w Alanson. 4134 HT) John Kelly. 
Daniel Popkins. ey ** ) EGE | Jos. Jackson. 
1758 hg K, MS (Not identified.) Thomas Jones. 
1759 * 5 a { Saml. Walker. 1182 ” 7 | Raa Wm, Ward. 
(8 =| J’nth’n. Pasley.. 183 i 4) John _ Laughlin, jr. 
GEO. Il. ’ 
1760 * M, 9 RO bets Calderwood. : a j (RW) Robert Wyke. 
: N) Geo, - Hill. (13k | 45 ‘My = i Was. 2 Dieta 
aint sy Thos. Johnston. Matthew Walsh. 
‘9 Do. do. 4185 IN] <e Christr. Haines. 
1762 th ‘O, { 4 Matt’w Alanson, ae , Wm. = Supple. 
Wm. Johnson. 
est Aa bebe 'P, " { cag David Peter. 1186 | » (0) ad {i (Not identified.) | 
ob Wm. Currie. f'» 7) John Pittar.. 
hi iy ‘0 Ke G@3 | Wm. Homer. * 1187 9 Matthew West. 
Francis Jones. (X53 | Michael Keating. 
Jee i Ry Joseph Cullen, * 178 | ‘Q) " we joka’ Stoyte. 
CXL Ge Win, Rae 
MJ bg E = m,. ° 
1766 ee S) ve { (FKK) French & Keating. # 4789 ” Ri ” {aD Robt. Williams, 
; Gi John West. pe 
1797 ry T) CY { Richd, Williams. 1790 és 'S] rae é Art ur r 
1768 My U) : { Richd. Tudor. ACN) Arthur O'Neill. 
i ny? Wath YM | Benjn. Tait. 
& GD [Jermnvote. | tos | » | QP] » temp bee gout 
ino John Shields. Sous aes 
7 ) W ‘IG James Graham. * 1799 ” U, 9 Wes i taba 
1770 *” > | GD [John Locker. James _ Keating. 
Christr. Sagi Michael Keating. 
co Thos. insela. #* 4193 ts Wy Me : va 
1771 a” ry’ Oy, | EEA John Lloyd. es ™ Tae eee Ai 
1772 ar vA 9 Chas, Townsend. * 1794 rs #4 ay G é ' E Crom 
Chas, Mullin. Kg CD . (Not identified.) ny a: 
: 195 | » | RY] » | GBB | Joon Laughtin, je} 
« f i: : mye James England. ha 
This Hibernia stamp was also used 1752-3-4 * 1196 és Z + GED | Geo. tley. ia 
Fredk. Buck, Shee: 
*The date-letters D & G have been also found without 9 


the pellet in its shield, which is occasionally rounded. 


"941-541 GOIWAd AHL AO UYAATIS HSTYI 


$a142]]DQ) 2t4Q) 741 fo ksaanory 


{197 
{798 
1199 
7800 
“480 
* 1802 
~ {808 
1804 
1805 
~ £806 
1807 
+ 1808 
+ 1809 
1810 
1811 
1812 

€ 1813 
4814 


1815 


1816 
1817 


1818 
1819 


GEO. IV. 


1820 


TASLE, TX. 


HIBER. DATE HAR 
NIA 


P 
LETTER. CROWNED. 


on 
— 


Qs 


9? 


99 


ck) 


a9 


BaAaom§@aoBDUeaeS 


°9 99 


99 


eS : 
Og! 
© &4 
& : 


Lhd 


9? 


9° 


9 


Gi Gt Ct Et Gt Gt Ct GI SS Gt 


= 
S| S= 
©8 BF 


Sor "7 


= 
» 
> 
so 


Ha) 


= 
le 
= 


AG ERESBB SE 


H 
B 


= se 
a = 


~ 
~ 


= ~~ 
- 2 


- 
- 


e 
= 


B GEESE Be BABLBES® 


< 
2 


~~ 
= 


Ae 


5 
: 


GES GEBR GES 3G 


Marks on Dublin Plate 


MAKER’S NAME. 


John Rigby. 
Geo. West 

(as 1794.) 
John Keene, 
John Daly. 
James Keating.t 
James Scott, 
John Kearns, 
Walter Peter. 
Jas. Connor. 
John Power. 
Richd. Sawyer. 
Wm. § Hamey. 
Arthur O'Neil. 
J. Brady. 
Robt. Breading. 
Danl. Egan. 
Wm. Doyle. 


(Not identified.) 
Samuel Neville. 
Tudor & Whitford. 
Wm. Ward. 
Gust’v's Byrne. 


Terry & Williams 


(of Cork). 


Saml. Neville. 


Joseph Johnson. 


Robt. Breading. 


Jas. Le Bass. 


(Not identified.) 


Chas, Stewart. 
Ww. Nowlan. 
{rR Hamy & 
i. Smith. 
P. Moore, 
Wm. Rose. 
John  Pittar. 
Jas. Scott. 
Wm. Law. 
John = Nicklin. 
Phineas Garde (Cork). 
Ss. Bergin. 
Danl. Egan, 
Randall Cashell. 
James Moore. 
WwW Cummins. 


Sir N. W. Brady. 
ae Read. 


My Buckton, 
Jas. Le Bass. 
Jas. Fry.t 

J. Salter (Cork). 
Edwd. Murray. 


(82 


1822 
1823 
1824 
r 1825-6 
1826-7 
1827-8 
1828-9 
1829-30 
WM. IV, 
1830-1 
1831-2 


1832-9 
1833-4 
{834-5 
1835-4 
1896-7 
VICT. 
1837-8 
1838-9 
1839-40 
1840-4 
1841-2 
1842-3 
1849-4 
{44-5 
{845-6 


HIBER- 
Bila, 


@ 


SAsses : 


AUCHEASIOL SSSBgaataaos Ooo 


~~ 
< 


Soe 


99 


TABLE X. 


DA 


HA 


KING'S MAKER’ 
MARK, 


TE RP 
LETTER, CROWNED. .HEAD.: 


A) 


” 
9? 


9” 


~~ 
~~. 


ed > Wee 


~~ 
~ 


LAW 


= 
) 


HOoowwoo : 


. 
~ 


~~ 
- 


2 GH Fe BRGH SESREGPSeeb ae eke Baa 


n 
we 
a 


a ee A * ‘ 


© : 


os 
~~ 


92 


~ 
~ 
—_S oS 


BA BERBER BEE & 


i) 
J 
np 
o 


195 


MAKER’S NAME, 


M. West & Sons. 
Wm Morgan. 

E. Crofton. 

Je Buckton, 
Wm, Law. 

Edwd. Power. 

Jas. Fray. 

Saml. Neville. 
Saml. Beere. 

Wm. _‘Teare.? 
Richd. Garde (Cork). 
Ald'm'n West (& Co.). 
ve Smith. 

Chas Marsh. 

fa Read. 

Edwd. Twycross. 
Hy. Flavelle. 

L. Nowlan. 
Chas. Marsh. 

D. Moulang & 
W. Gibson, 
Smith & Gamble, 
Edmd. Johnson. 
Richd, Sawyer, jr. 
Tr; Farnett. 

P. Moore. 

Hy. Flavelle. 
Thos. Meade. 
Edmd. Johnson. 

L. Nowlan? 
Wm Sherwin. 

PR. Weeks? 

J. ' Moore, 

Wm, = Sherwin. 
Richd. Garde (Cork). 
Josiah Low. 

Smith & Gamble. 


Hughes & Francis. 


Peter Walsh, 


E. & J. Johnson. 


L. Nowlan, 
Ga Alcock, 

John Warren. 
Jas, Le Bass. 
HE Francis, 
Geo. West? 

Mich]. Nowlan, 
aT. Gamble, 


t Joseph Johnson. 


{The tax on silver plate enacted in England in 1784 did not apply in Ireland until after the Act of Union (1800) and does 
not appear to have been enforced until 1807. 


196 


Marks on Dublin Plate 


tones XI. 


BIBER. DATE HARP QUEEN'S - 
LETTER.CROWNED. HEAD. M 


816- : a |/8)0 . 


1847-8 


MAKER’S NAME, 


Joseph Johnson. 


HE Mahoney. 
Thos, Mason, 


Cc. Cummins, jr. 
4848-9 | »» ae Ae Wm. Lawson, 
R. Samuel. 


1849-50] »» 
1850-1 |» 
1861-2 |» 


- 

. 
~ 
<- 


Donegan & Co. 


Gamble. 
Henry Filavelle. 


- 
= 
- 


Joseph Needham, 
Ann Cummins, 


88 EG re FE ze 


~ 
- 
ft 


GARDNER _ Gardner. 

1852-38 | ” Te Smyth. 
R. Sherwin. 

1853-4) Aso Se Topham & White. 


1854-5 ” Michael Keating. 
1855-4 |» 
1856-7 | 
1857-8 |» 
1858-9 | ,, 
1860-60] +» 
4860-4 | +» 
1861-2 | ,, 
1862-3 | 4» 
4863-4 | 9 
18845 | 
1865-6 | +s 
1806-7 | ., 
1867-8 | »» 
1868-9 | 4. 
1369-70 
1870-1 | + 


Cummins, 


foe 8 fas 


WwW. Atcheson. 


= 
< 


Donegan & Co. 
Arthur Johnson, 

J. R. Neill. 
NEILL Do. do, 


Ga 


Samuel Le Bass, 


Wm, Percival. 
W.&I. Percival. 


E. Powell, 


(JK; J. } Keating. 
EAR E, & J. Johnson, 
John Smyth. 


Nis Je Scriber. 

RYAKSO Ryan & Co, 

Jas. West, 
RHUUSE Waterhouse & Co, 

Francis Martin, 

A, Hutton. 


BrurxeR | Thos. Brunker, 


iP.) Patk. Donegan. 
WL} Wm. Lawson, 


Edmd. Johnson, jr. 
iM 1) Mars. ‘Trench. 


MT 
29 or) Wm. Lawson. 


cedddssGsccesacaossnoseae 
ae 


9 oe TDB T.D. Bryce, 


‘ poy: 


Marks on Dublin Plate 197 


4 | TABLE XII. 

a, 

ee _ FROM JUNE, 1871, TO JUNE, I1896—TWENTY-FIVE YEARS. 

a FIVE STAMPS TILL 1890, THENCEFORWARD FOUR, AS BELOW: The date marks being plain block 


letters in plain shields. 


HIBER- TRE . HARP QUEENS MAKER‘ y : 
pet BATE 9 opti ARE QUEEN’ AKER'G MAKER'S NAME AND DATE OF REGISTRATION OF MARK. 


ie Wickham. (1871). 
Weir & Rogers. 


1811-2 
1812-3 
{813-4 
{814-5 
1815-6 
(816-7 
(871-8 
1878-9 
1819-80 
1880-4 
{881-2 

1889-9 
1883-4 
1884-5 
{885-6 
{886-7 
(887-8. 
1888-9 
1889-90 
1890-4 
1801-2 
{892-3 
1899-4 
1894-5 
4896-6 


John Donegan, (1872). 


Wm. Egan & Son (of Cork). 


Ignatius Cummins, 


McDowell | Bros. 
Do. do. 
& Son. (1877). 


Le Redmond. (1876). 


West & Son. (1879). 


O’Connor & Dillon. (1880). 


Edmond Johnson. (1881). 
Do. do. (1882). 


Wm. Carty. (1881). 
Henry Hopkins. (1883). 


Danl. Moulang. 

Winder & Lamb. 

Frengley Bros. (1885). 
Austin & Co. (1886). 


M. Anderson. (1887). 
Jas. E. Pim. ” 


Thomas Barton. (1871). 
Fredk. Hill. (1889). 
Wm. Quinlan. (1888). 
Joseph Fray. ; (1889). 


Henry L. Stewart (of Limerick). a 


r 


Sharman D. Neill (of Belfast). (1890). 


Hopkins & Hopkins. (1883). 
Jas.: Mosiey (Waterford). (1892). 
C. Harris (Coventry). (1893). 
Edmond Johnson. ss 
Chas. Howard Lawson. (1894). 
Kane & Gunning me 
Richard Dillon (Waterford). 5, 
Charles Lamb. (1893). 
Chancellor & Son. (1895). 


pmela = @ esaeés § 8B Gace 


val 
rg 
a 


aagqqqqqagqnoqcgcaaacacaadadadca 


(?) 
& 
u 


) 
A ts 


198 


1896-7 
1897-8 


1898-9 
rm) 
1900 
1900-1 
EOW. Vil. 
1901-2 


1902-3 
1903-4 
1904-5 
1905-6 
1900-7 
1907-8 
1908-9 
1909-10 


£Q10-1 
IQII-2 


1912-3 


1913-4 


1914-5 


1915-6 


Marks on Dublin Plate 


TABLE XIII. 


— DATE HARP MAKER’S NAME AND DATE OF REGISTRATION OF MARK, 


LETTER. CROWNED. 


QBSOSHSOSLSSS2S ecessse 


WIBER- DATE H 
Nik, ULBTTER. CRO 


Richards & Walsh, (1895). 
John Morton. \ (1896). 


Gibson, Ltd. (Belfast): (1897). 
(1898). 


Valentine. ” 
W. J. Gethings. a4 
Chas. Howard Lawson. (tg00), 


Langley Archer West. de 


Henderson & Thompson (Belfast). + 
McCutcheon & Donaldson (Belfast), (1901). 


West & Son. (1902). 


es 
226 


x 


1 & 


x 


@ ola ogeo8e a 


j. E. Byrne (Belfast). (1909). 


—— Jameson, 
Russell Ltd. (Manchester). 
A. Duffner (Tipperary). 
Finnegans Ltd. (Manchester). 
Elkington & Co, (Birmingham). 
W. Egan & Sons (Cork), 
wee Neill (Belfast). 
Youghal Art Metal Works Co, 

Faller (Galway). 

McDowell. 

Cromer (Limerick). 


& Wheeler (London). 


TABLE XIV. 


FOUR STAMPS AS BELOW, 


wire, “GARR MAKER'S NAME AND DATE OF REGISTRATION OF MARK. 
Will Stokes. (tgro). 


M. Waldron (Skibbereen).. 


Jas. Ramsay (Dundee). 


R. Sharman, 


Crichtor Bros. (London). 


Marks on Dublin Plate 


199 
SUPPLEMENTARY MARKS. 
DATE, MARKS, MAKER’S NAME, ARTICLES AND Birt a: 
1663-4 Abel = Ram. Spoon, with flat stem, trefoil end: 


National Museum, Dublin. 


Philip Tough. | Cylindrical ftankard, domed top: 
Mr. Nyburg. 


Wm. Archdall. | Small salver: Mr, Arthur Irwin 
Dasent. 


Sutton? | Tankard: Noted by Mr. Dudley 
Westropp. 


Robert Holmes. | Table-Spoon, Hanoverian pattern: 
Mr. Dudley Westropp. 


Will. Walsh. Do. do.: Do. do. 
Jane  Daniell.,; | Salver: Mr, Arthur Irwin Dasent. 


Sauce boat, with date-letter @ as in 
‘Table VI.: Mr. Dudley Westropp. 


‘ee date letter (but date about 1750), Paten: Donabate. The com- 


——, 


- @G@@@aese g 
FEFO Sc OB RS 


Sutton:, 


munion cup pertaining to it is dated 1751 
Also on edeh ladle with D for 1750: Noted by Mr. tie Westropp. 


QS: oe 
GD: GBS} GY GH GD 


John Garrett. 


Abraham Voisin. James Walker. 


Robert Smith, 


200 Marks on Dublin Plate 


Supplementary List of Dublin Silversmiths. 
TABLE I. TABLE II. TABLE III. 


MAKER'S NAME, DATE, MARK, MAKER'S NAME. DATE. MARK, NAME OF MAKER, 


1706 Thos, Bolton, 
John Woodcocke. x Mary __ Barrett. 


Lal 

“Nr 

y 

~ 

a 
EB 


1710 Henry Sherwin. 


% 
= 


Francis Coffee 


or Clifton. Thos. Wheeler. 


1710-2, Thos. Bolton? || 


Edward Swan, Peter Racine. 


J. Pennyfather 
or J. Palet? 


1728-9 
Lawrence Salmon. 
1712-4 


John Seager. 1729 Esther Forbes, 


1715 Geo, Smart. 


John Phillips. Thos. Sutton, 


Ed. Dowdall, 


John Cuthbert. 
E 1730-1 Geor Cross. 
1715-6 Mark Twelves, " 


(Not identified.) 1716-7 Geo. Cartwright. 


& 
BBB BP BEODe Oia 


W. Bell, 


Stanley ? 1717-8 Dorothy Monjoy. 


Thos. Iker, ; 
1718-9 os. Walker Matthew Alanson. 


16: 


oo 
@ 
© 
© 
e 
g 
Dy 
s 

DO 
@ 
al 
T-S) 


‘Mallory. 


1719-20 Arthur Weldon. 


Lyng. Erasmus Cope. 


1720 Thos. Racine. 


John Gumly. 
Mackay, 1722-3 Ed, ‘Fitzgerald. 


. Isaac  D‘Olier. 
1723-4 
Sumpner, 


-| Thos, Maculla? 


908 c6G0@-aSe: 


Phillip Kinnersly. 
” 7 ye ; Anthony Lefebure. 


” TR: W) Ralph Woodhouse. 


John Sale. 
Barrett. 
Robt. Pilkington. 


Hartwell, 


ot 
rene ® 
io oye? 
oz 


Matt, Copeland. 


eee: 
~ 
. 
. 
° 
: 


1737-8 John _— Freebough. 


GBKaa®O 


ace 


win” 


sre ee 


——" 


‘ 


PE ee ee! he ae 


& 


Marks on Dublin Plate 


Supplementary List of Dublin Silversmiths.—Continued. 


TABLE IV. 


NAME OF MAKER, 


Thos. de Limarest. 


| Peter Desenard. 


Jas. Champion? 


John Letablere. 
Burton. 


Sutton. 


Cc. 1740 ? Henry Jago. 


Bean @eebee 


|" 
” & Bart’mew Stokes, 


» (Cae | Ve Walsh. 


c. 1750 (3) Joseph Taafe. 


1751 Nathan Murray. 
mCP 
se WB Wm. - Betagh. 


Pittar. 


1743-4 | Wm. Bonynge. 
“ay GO Robt. Calderwood. 
1745 'G B) George Beere. 
” Robt. Glanville, 
1746 Tin John Hamilton ? 
Faucett ? 


EABLE V; 


@ 88 bp & @ 


A 


. < 
Bee 8 eiea8 sage ag 


MAKER'S NAME.- 


Edward Raper. 


Robt. Calderwood. 
or Cope. 


Hy. Waldron. 


Michael Fowler. 
vie 


Wm. Williamson. 


Christr. Skinner. 


See 1754 above. 


John Moore, Jr. 


John Dawson. 


Ralph Vizard? 


Wm. French. 


Wm. Townsend. 


Jno. Williamson. 


Benj. Wilson, 


Abraham Tuppy. 


George Hall. 


John Karr. 


John Locker ? 


201 


TABLE VI. 


a 


DATE. 


1780 


c. 1780 


1780-5 


1785 


| 1792 


1795 


Cc. 1795 


c. 1797 
"1798 
1800 


1800-1 


” 


1807 


1810 


1811 


1812 


9 


1815 


@zeeue 


K4 
> 
7 
wa 


BQEE 


a 
go 
ac) 
= 


BSEBe#Q cbs 


MAKER’S NAME, 
CO 


Hugh O'Hanlon 
or Owen Hart ? 


Oweri Cassidy. 


Alex. Barry ? 


Barnaby Dela: 
hoyde ? 


Dan. Egan? 
Michael Homer ? 


NBR os 


Thos. Tudor. 


John Brooks? 


Saml. Teare. 


John Bolland. 


John Daly? 
Clarke & West. 
7Eneas Ryan. 
Richard Sawyer. 


John Teare. 


fe Henzell ? 


Richard Whitford. 


202 Marks on Dublin Plate 


, 


The following marks of Dublin goldsmiths have been reproduced from a 
pewter plate preserved in the Dublin Assay Office. The marks were in use 
1765-1812. 


Cy 
™ 
te 


Robt. Atkinson? 


| Will. Stafford ? 


ps 


Richard & D’Olier. 


Jeremiah 
Joseph Nixon, John _Ebbs. 
John = Austin. Robert Breading. 
John Clarke. 
Thos. Farley. Joshua Emerson, George Nangle. 


Joseph Jackson. 


GS oeeegag | 


James Hadmill. 
Geo, Alley. 


James Kenzie, 


Saml. _—_ Reily (Cork). 


2 
c 
Bs 
re 


Will. Digby ? 


John Keene. Geo. Thompson, Jerome Alley? 


James Jones. 


& John Dalrymple. 


| Thos. Williamson. 


Hee 6@e8e8e8 


Will Beere. 


A: OE 


es] | Mark M’Cloughlin. 


M 
a 'eore, | Wm. Fitzgerald T Thos, Martin, 


ent. M 
(ey) | John = Coleman. fro ig Ww Will. Johnson. 
Michael Byrne. 7 CG | Alex. Ticknell. 
Walter Peter. Ambr'se Nicklin, IO) John Osborne, 
Chas. Dowdall, PEN : HN Henry Nicholson. 
Thos, Cooksey. THM) RT 
James Jones, J. Nicolson 


(Cork). 
S’‘R |Saml. Reily (Cork). 


Wm. Keene, H&H_ | Hopper & Hannay. 


James Jones? 


@ 2s BEGEBSERRBEREOE sBEBEE 


Reegah 6 


——— 


Christr, Clarke ? IG! 
IOWg | Jacob West. Thos. Hunt? 
T-M| La’rence Martin 
(Kilkenny). Gy George Nangle, 
PF 


Marks on Dublin Plate 203 


Marks found on a pewter plate, continued, 1765-1812. 


= 
> 
a 
bas 
= 
> 
i] 
aw 


(Cork). Will Ward. 


te 
rd 


Thos. Sly. 


Q 


Joseph Johnson. Arthur Murphy, 
James Campbell? 


James Mills? Isaac Davis? 


oe 
oe Fredk. Buck, 
= a’eeed | Will. Hughes? BT Benjn. Tait. Samuel Taylor. 
4 ‘ Ga Peter Wingfield. | Randall Cashell ? 
a FW G! Will. Gethin ? Thos. Adams. ° Wm. Hannay ? 
- John - Tweedie? Gy 
“a R's] Robt. O’Shaughnessy TR} Thos, Rome. John Lloyd. 
ee (Limerick). 
B;: James Hewitt? DP) 
BS John West? Randall Cashell ? Will French. 
si JR} J’n’th’n Robinson ? CIEE | Joseph Gibson 


Wm. Law? Ww Matt. West & Son. 
Will. Hamey? 5 Jas. Connor? TG 
Thos. Baker ? 


E 
td 


LWwH) 
SINGLETON Singleton. ohn” Bolland? 
1 Thomas Townsend, 


THE FOLLOWING MARKS, WHICH ARE STAMPED, ON A COPPER-PLATE OF LATER DATE, RANGE FROM 
ABOUT 1813 TO ABOUT 1850. 


| | a 
BOBQsBHOP 


G 


Henry Lazarus. John Townsend. 


Wm. H. Townsend. 
Wm. Nelson. 


z SE we 
BEBB EE 


Ss. Bergin. 
J-MOORE | James Moore. 


* Moore. SGT bhlas joy 


—— Boyle. 
Edwd. Murphy. 


BSG GERBES BB 


BE e 


DATE 


(ABOUT). 


1662 


1663 


1670 


1673 


1679 


1680 


f§ 8H agG 
i> -@ ms oa ES GB 


8 
OS 688 G6 


G 
Beg 


SAR oOpmese eG 


TABLE GE 


MAKER’S MARK, 


Be 


@&: wp 
Bhima eeag 


@ : Se: 


zie: 


z 


6 g 
Jers be 


a 
cy 


Bum & 


“ea 


CHAPTER XX 
Marks on Cork Plate 


No date letter was ever used at Cork. The dates are approximate. 


MAKER’S NAME. 


nN 


James Ridge. 


(Not identified). 


Walter Burnett. 


James Ridge. 


Richard Smart. 


Samuel Pantaine. 


Walter Burnett. 


(Both marks repeated). 


John Hawkins. 


Do. do. 


Robert Goble. 


Do. do. 
Do. do. 


Webb. 


Goble. 
Do. do. 
Burnett. 


Walter 


Robert Goble. 


Do. do. 


Charles Bekegle. 


Robert Goble. 
Anthony Semirot. 


Robert Goble. 


William Clarke. 


DATE 
(ABOUT). 


1709 


1702-29 


1709 


1710 


1710-20 
1712 


1715-25 


” 


1720-30 


ay 


%” 
” 


1720-34 


“TABLE 1b 


MAKER’S MARK. 


® BB 


aD 


wy 
exe i ewe in 
na @ 8 son 


RO Rm 


iq som 


ee 


AVGMISTERLING) 


me 
ci 
verlsg 


T@ . 
CC 
WCE 


ap canaaS = 


, 


ED STERLING 


EE 


MAKER’S NAME, 


Adam ___ Billon. 


Brumley, 
Wigmore.(?)* 


Clarke. 


Robert Goble. 


John  Rickotts 


Robert Goble. 


Robert Goble, Junr | 


William Clarke. 


Caleb Rotheram. 


William Clarke, { 


1" ” 


Bernald Baldwin. 


}wm. Newenham, | 


Edward Dunsterfield, 


William Newenham. 


Not identified—berhaps 


not Cork). 


5 ; 1730 


1730-40 


ere: 


” 
1730-40 
1731 


1740 


”» 


1740-50 


1745-70 


’ 


TABLE III. 


MAKER’S MARK. 


| ISTE LTNG) 
I H@BSTERLINGMMT Hi 


& cs @ 


(G-H Ms reriinc) 
Gn 0 a 
D> 


STARLING G cH] 


IGHJsTERLINc GH) 


GeHIGHEGHEG#H) 


Marks on Cork Plate 


MAKER’S NAME. 


\ Thomas Lilly. 


Reuben Millard. 


Wm. 


William Bennett. 


John Harding? 
Caleb Rotheram. 
John Harding? 
Robt. Goble, jr.? 


Christr. Parker. 
William Martin. 


Do. do. 


Reuben Millard. 


William Bennett 
or Wm. Bentley. 


Thomas Bull. 
George Hodder. 
Do. do. 


William Bennett 
or Wm. Bentley. 


ooo See 
} Anthony Semirot. 


George Hodder. 


Do. do. 
\ Do. do 


*Do. do. 
{ 


Newenham, 


DATE 
(ABOUT). 


TABLE IV. 


MAKER’S NAME. 


IR-P) 
TTI CIRISH ME IT 


Yer STERLING 
i) 


o> aa 
i sms (1 


WR 


ca @F3 cme 
ee STERLING ] 
WR 4B 


Ri) cx 
m 


FEN axxo SN 


@ sama 


STERLING 


PSTN 


PWALS H] 
[STERLING] 


205 


MAKER’S NAME. 


} Stephen Broughton. 


Robt. Potter, 


John Irish, 


Do. do. (?) 


Michael McDermott. 


Michael McDermott. 


Do. do. 


Stephen Walsh, 


Croker Barrington. 


} Stephen Walsh. 


do. 


do. 


do. 


do. 


Stephen Mackrill. 


DATE 


(ABOUT). 


1760-80 


9 


99 


1760-85 
1765-95 


1770 


” 


” 


206 


TABLE V. 


MAKER’S MARK. 


STARLING CB. 
CB] 
TH ISTERLING) 

Gp aw 
TTAPerccinclT AY 


EXD Storting 
&) som 


ISTER] 


IN GuoTED 
[LN SEE RLING) 
Gy 

TEN ICOLSON) 
(59) comm (87) 
fon 2 
T-H STERLING) 


C:B 


eal cme 
SC 
S-* ne 
GS » 
sTIMeINe 


Marks on 
MAKER’S NAME. 
} Daniel McCarthy? 

Do, do. 
Croker Barrington. 

Do do. 
John illery.* 
Caiden Terry. 

John Irish. 
Michael McDermott. 
Do. do, 
Sieh (free Pleat 
John’ Nicolson. 

Do. do. 

Do. do. 

Do. do, 
Peter. Wills, 
Carden Terry. 

John Humphreys, + 

Do. do. 
Joseph Kinselagh. 
John Hillery,* 
Carden Terry. 

(Not identified.) 
Samuel Reily. 


Jno. & Sam. Nicolson. 


} thomas Cumming. 


C ork Plate 


DATE 
(aBouT). 


1770-80 


1770-99 


1777 
1810 


” 


~~ 


” 


1790 
1800 


1795 


TABLE VI. _ 


MAKER’S MARK, 


WM HESTERC] | | 
NICOLSON STERLING | John Nicolson. | 


'S.R | Samuel Reily. 


S-‘R STERLING | vo. 
, 
REILY STEALING 


i 
GRE srenuixe GG | 
STERL® 
STERLING Thomas Donnall 
&y 99 as dks . Siealaa 
(4 sTeRLine “Gibsc 
R:S STERLING 
R-S 
ms » is 


gamma ~SHEEHAN 
SHEEHAN ’. 


SHEEHAN 
STERLING 


} Richard Stevens. 4 


a 


WT STERIL 
Cay smn 
* 

WT sD 


eo eTer.¢ 


sae Marks on Cork Plate 207 


TABLE VII. : ASE LLL, 


Gasct) MAKER’S MARK . MAKER’S NAME. Pee) MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME. 
GIBSON MSTERLING Joseph Gibson, 
John Supple. 
I 
795 HEY LAND ae William Heyland. 


ve TOLEKEN John Toleken. 
TT & W] me hate Terry & \ 


John Williams. 


v. STERLING William Teulon. 


e WT = STERLING Do. do. SG STIRLING Samuel Green, 
: SG 
: (Not tdentified.) Do do. 
SG 
WT v9 William Teulon. Cc:T 
iw STERLING | Terry & Williams. 
» ‘TJ Bi (Not identified.) 
T.MON TJOY By) Th Montjoy. 
1791 ee John Warner. ext ene 
8 AN ms jonn'é Nicol 
1780-99 99 STIRLING Do. do. fcholaa f ica 
ee 1807-21 CT. ISTERLING| Carden Terry & 
1795 PI W 4 STERLING Joha Williams. TW Jane Willams. 
1808-20 °C ETT. ; 
is STER James Warner. BSTERLING Daniel Corbett, 
. 1809-30 James Salter. 
: TW Do do. 
” Richard Garde, 
; : . Do do. , 
2 Iw Gagan 4 STERLING Thos, Montjoy. 
ae sola Tolland. STERLING \ James Conway 
TE) John Egan, 
1796 - ‘ : 
79 STERLING] James Heyland. PSTERI ING Peter —Willls. 
Ll 
7 GH) cou fa Be eT OY 
HEYLAND I SOLOMON STERLING Isaac Solomon. 
” Pi) \ James Heyland. TS] ISTERLING] John Seymour. 
STF RILING) 
“a Isaac Solomon. 
” 7 y 
LE BRSre a. ina) Jos. _—_ Kinselagh. FS ‘ (Not identified.) 
. STERLING Phineas Garde. 
1800 John — Toleken. ir 1 ae ne 
_ STERLING (Not identified.) CARD EB meueeee Aidavigh The 0s 
SEYMOUR John Seymour. 
Ge GIBSON ‘ : yes 
1800-20 STERLING Joseph Gibson. ie it Sai ee 
GIBSON ee Edward Hawkesworth, 


(OD:3,008.8 STERLING Francis O’Brien 
ee 


(Not identified.) 


” STERLING MEO CRSE ONO 


” Oe WHELPLY! oe se 
. PE wie LL y a CY 


Mahony... 


CHAPTERex x1 
Marks of the Minor Irish Guilds 


YOUGHAL. 


DATE : 
MAKER S NAME, 


ray SD = 
(ABouT). MAKER S MARK. 


Lawless. 


Sharpe. 


Green. 


do. 


| Bartholomew Fallon of 
Galway. 
(Not identified, but poss- 
ibly Bartholomew 
Fallon as above.) 


Edward Gillett. 


Austin Beere, 


BELFAST (?) 


D 
shes MAKER’S MARK. 


’ 
(aBouT). MAKER’S NAME, 


Matthew Bellew ? 


GALWAY. 


DATE A 
MAKER’S MARK. 


(ABOUT). 
1648 RI 
1666- . 
1684 @ g g 

1695 DRI: by RTs -| Richard Joyes. 


do. 


MAKER’S NAME. 


R, Joyes, sen. (?) 


Do. 


Richard Joyes. 


Mark Fallon. 


Do. do. 


208 


4 Marks of the Minor Irish Guilds 


209 
: LIMERICK. 
TABLE 1. TABLE II. 
Bou): MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME. ance MAKER’S MARK. MAKER’S NAME. 
LB -C) Patrick Connell. 
IO (2 
171 ES 18) ES 1:8) Buck, senr. (?) = ¥ Fa F 
: 8 | Ad Buck. 
: éD iy ze ibd IM FG) Maurice Fitzgerald. 
than Buck, 
eas ISTERLING] eee Toke da, 
: STE ey } SOE STERLING Do, 
1730-62 | . ha Day . ab, 
ross) Kal ao, 
i ee oe fs be Do. do. 
: STER guy do. 
: ” Pi ISTE KLANG] Do. co. 
; ra 633 STERLING db do. 
: . retin Do. do STERLING do. 
3 i Matt, Walsh, 
4 1730-75 gz [STERLING] rs Joseph Johns, i ; 
3 STERLING ps “ 
= ” T3 PSTERLIN] Do. do. 
‘ ~ STERLING Daniel Lysaght. 
% ’ Do. do. 
- 
a . ? Joseph Johns. 
4 1749-50 1-1] e 
1750 | same Johns. 1798 Ww STER WW Ward. 
: ; 1760-85 GM} STERLING} Coa eRe: 1800 STERLING Wm. Fitzgerald. 
: GM MES TARLING cs er bine RGXE+ STERLING | Do. do. 
e: 
1768-80 GF G GF G} Garret Fitzgerald. IRS} <p R°S| Robt. O'Shaughnessy. 
+s ) 
* 1770 GM} George Moore, RS Do. do. 
: 
Se Ww oS WW Will, Ward. 
4 1780 as (Not édentified.) WW WW : = 
Y ISTERLING 
y ~ tre Do, do. 
| | 
178 | Patrick Connell. 
724 P.C] D> tP.C) [STERLING | Samuel Purdon. 
 _ (~-o ano eo vr * 


1800-13 


9 o> 
iD & &) & 


Do. do. 


John _—‘ Purcell, 


SS of 0 eee 


af oe: Pes, ‘ af 
210 Marks of the Aor ion Guilds 
Unascribed Irish Unischbed Marks English 
Provincial Marks bye Trish 3 
een MAKER’S MARK. Lene: MAKER’S MARK. _ 
1574 
1599 
- 1660 
ee 1680 


9 
Ww & w 
LW H] 
@we¢ 
es 


wa 
1700 


” 


3 
& 
WwW 
8 


1720 
1720-40 M 1730 
1726 TAN) 
1740-50 
WL} 
e 
@3 H 
1770 


wy 
ItF 


@ * ~ Boman San 


1800 


1 ie Sie 
‘os ii aed 


4 
a 


Index 


TO THE MARKS OF ENGLISH, SCOTCH, AND 


IRISH SILVERSMITHS 


Marks comprising two or more letters are indexed under the first letter of the 
pair or group. Marks composed of intertwined letters are indexed under each 
letter appearing in the monogram... Devices accompanied by initials are in- 
dexed under the first initial letter. Marks difficult to identify by a short 
description must be looked for among the marks themselves. Such marks are 
few and appear only among the very earliest. Later, initials or names were 


B 


always used. Marks appearing in the form of a cross, e. g., CL are indexed 


under the first of the horizontal line letters (in this case under C). 


GLOSSARY 


Affrontée Facing the spectator. 

Annulet A ring borne as a charge (see Charge). 

Bendwise Lying in the direction of the bend or bends (of a shield or 
escutcheon). 

Charge Any figure borne on an escutcheon. 

Couped Cut evenly across. Opposed to Erased. 

Dimidiated Cut in half. 

Erased Represented as having been torn across leaving ragged projec 
tions. 

Incuse Cut in. Grpdsed to “in relief.” 

Moline | A description of ends of a figure divided and turned backward. 

Mullet © A five- or six-pointed star. 

Palewise Divided into four or more equal parts by vertical lines. 

Pattée Spreading toate the extremity, e. g., the arms of a Maltese 
cross. 

Saltire A cross, both eonbets of which lie diagonally, as a St. Andrew’s 
cross. Any bearing set obliquely to the sides of an escutcheon. 

Slipped A twig or branch represented as torn from the stalk so as to 
leave a strip of the bark still clinging to it. 

A, 25, 38, 40, 47, 77, 164, 168, 170, 194, 200. AAA, 183. 

A & Co., 197. AB, 46, 78, 80, 81, 92, 99, 138, 139, 151, 154, 

a, 26, 46. 182. 

AA (in monogram), 170. AB (conjoined), 26, 40, 43, 45, 165, 170, 182, 

AA (linked), 157. 208. 


AA, 91, 93- 


AB (linked), 204. 


2II 


Tried Rect Take, ae eee 
t ns =. Page ey hs” Has 


ABS, 104. 

AC, 29, 81, 82, 93, 975 128, 139, 1575 170, 185, 
194, 196. 

AC (in monogram), 24, 25, 37- 

AC, 86. 


Acorn, an, 38, 164. 

AD, 59, 69, 167, 168, 183. 

AD (conjoined), 27, 51, 53) 170- 
AD, 210. 

AE, 17%, 173: 

AER, 201. 

AF, 50, 51, 52, 535 87, 96, 97, 101, 162, 171, 182. 
AF (conjoined), 60, 172. 

AF 

SG 

AG, 64, 172, 173, 179, 182, 192, 193- 
AG (conjoined), 82. 

AG, 193. 

AG & CO., 147, 173. ° 

AGR, 138. 


AH, 27, 41, 55, 575 60, 6a, 83, 103, 114, 115, 


116, 128, 147, 151, 167, 173, 174, 196. 
AH (conjoined), 116, 193, 194, 201, 209. 


wwtate 

Al, 165, 167, 185. 
A & I, 136. 

AIT, 172. 
Aitchison, 174. 


Al 

AJ, 101, 196. 

AT, 9. 

A & JZ, 145. 

AJSMF, ror. 

AK, 57, 87, 88, 128, 171. 

AK (conjoined), 24, 25, 37» 395 40 
AL, 54, 65, 70, 72, 74, 86, 93, 955 975 168, 170, 
171, 185, 189, 193+ 

AL (conjoined) 170. 

AL, 88 

AL (conjoined), 200. 

ALLEY G, 202. 

AL WL, 94. 

AM, 86, 139, 162, 179, 180, 186, 200, 203. 


“Index to British and Irish M he 
AM (in monogram), 27, 51, 53s 5. e 


AR Gin poner 170. 


_ AS or SA (in oa 5 st 52 


AS N, 177. 


arks 


A McD, 179, 180. 
A McL, 187. a 
A ML (the last two letters conjoined), 18 
AN, 67, 68, 202. © 
AN (conjoined), 62, 210, 
AN (in monogram), 28, 62, 63. 
AN (in monogram), 181. 
Anchor, an, 25, 42, 43, 45, Pe 166. oe: 
between the letters DG, 26, 47; between th 
letters EC, 191; between the letters ES, 64; 
between ‘the letters GO, 67; between. the 
letters II, 64; between the letters RO, 70 
between the letters RS, 47, 166, 167; between 
the letters TH, 55; between the letters WA, 
67, 68; between the letters bbe 793 in — 
circle, 16708 
ANe (AN are conjoined), 66, 69, re ae 
Animal’s head, an, 39, 43, 440 
AN ; : 
AN SA, . . 
AO (in monogram), 97. 
A &O, 148. ete 
AO, 85. ice et 
AON, 194, 195. 
AP, 88, 100. 
AT (conjoined), I 3. 


Arbalist, an (a cross in a shield), 24, 136. 

Arrow, an, 24, 363 ‘beewesk the letters V 
piercing the letter H, a Se 4 Sy 

Arrows, a sheafof,37,. = = = = 

AS, 65, 75, 915 165, 171, 1 85, 0 88,1 
200, 204,205. ae 

AS (conjoined), 170. eae "3S 


A &S, 131. 
ASH ne monogram), s 66. cities 
Ash, 65. ne ) a atlas 
ASH F, 201. Reet iy 

AS JS AS, tag.0') eee 


AS NA, 98. 7 ahd ae 
AT, 43, 70, 81, 83, 201, 2 202. 

AT, 182. f : 
AU, 67, 68, 95, 171, 76 | 
cates 120. 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


AV, 120. : 


AV (conjoined), 46, 199. 
AV, 87. 


AW (conjoined), 200, 210. 
Ax, an, between the letters C P, 40. 
AZ, 173. 


B, 40, 53, 56, 59. 

Bere, 61,07, 101, 162, 191, 192. 

B or JB (in monogram), 51. 

b, 26, 41, 43. 

BA, 65, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 745 185. 

Bal Gr75, 526. 

Ba, 126. 

- Ba, 69, 75. 

BA IS, 92. 

Barrel, a (or tun), 23, 35. 

Basket, a, 24, 29. 

Bassinet, a (or helmet), 25, 39. 

BB, 27, 495 50, 755 80, 84, 91, 132, 139, 162, 203, 
204. 

BB, 84, 94. 

BB (in monogram), 60, 63. 

BB RT, 83. 

BB TR, 85. 

BC, 88, 90, 91, 184, 193, 202. 

BC, 87, 88. 

BC &N, 111. 

BD, 95, 96, 128, 201. 

Ht 49, 60, 00, 71, 72, 73, 76, 80, rog, 125. 

mee 32, 125. 

Be, 67. : 

Bear, a, 45; (passant) below the letters IH, 25, 
42; (passant) below the letters IM, 27, 48, 50. 

BEGG (in monogram), 27, 54. 

Bell, a, above the letters WB, 92; below the 

letters IP, 26, 46. 

Bellows, a pair of, 39- 

BENTLY, 118. 

BF, 45, 49, 79, 208. 

B&F, 135. 

BG, 30, 81, 83, 86, 88, 95. 

BG, 84, 85. 

BH & H, 148. 

B I, 66, 74. 

Bi, 70, 126, 133. 

Bi, 133. 

Bird, a mark, 25, 27, 37, 38, 39, 4°, 41, 50, 
53, 86, 114, 156, 164, 165. (See also: Cock, 
Dove, Eagle, Falcon, Goose, Owl, Peacock, 
Pelican, Phoenix, Stork, Swan, Wyvern.) 

Bird’s claw, a, 25, 37, 38. 

Bird’s head, a, 23, 35, 210. 

BL, 31, 70, 72, 74) 99, 101, 120, 182, 188. 

BM, 60, 93, 94; 99, 162, 193. 

BN, 29, 76, 123. 

B &N, 178. 


ping 


BO, 69, 70, 72, 74: 

Bolt, a, 48. 

Bolt between letters, GS, 27, 52. 

Boot, a, 24, 37. 

Boots, a pair of, 166. 

Bouget (small bag) or mask, 4o. 

Bow and arrow, 23, 35. 

Bow and arrow between WS, 47, 48. 

Bow below the letters IR, 26, 45. 

Bow between the letters IM, 45. 

Bow over the letters 1B, 43. 

BOYLE, 203. 

BP, 32, 48, 54, 58, 104, 134, 203. 

BR, 29, 65, 66, 74, 76, 151. : 

BR (in monogram), 57. 

Bry 67, 72, 120. 

Br, 65, 67, 68. 

Branch, a, 25, 38, 41, 43, 50; between the let- 
ters RP, 43. 

BROWN TB, 210. 

BRUNKER DUBLIN, 196. 

BS, 32, 62, 85, 96, 102, 104, 109, 201. 

B &S, 175. 


BS 

Is tron. 

BT, 44, 194, 203. 

BT or TB (in monogram), 46. 
BU, 69, 73, 109, 133. 

Buckle below the letters IB, 26, 27, 48, 49. 
Bugle below the letters TH, 44. 
BULL T, 205. 

Bull’s head, 25, 39, 41. 

Bush in a dotted circle, 166. 
BUXTON, 131. 

BV, 66, 126. 

BW, 179. 

BW, 43, 75, 83, 201. 


wtsss 119, 166. 
BY, 29, 87. 
BW & A, 151. 
BY, 47. 


C 46, 170. 

C reversed; a cock above, 27, 51. 
C & CO., 34. 

CA, 63, 80, 81, 99, 182, 210. 

CA or AC (in monogtam), 24, 25, 37. 
C enclosing A, 65. 

CA (in monogram), §3. 

C enclosing a, 126. 

CA HG, 94, 97. 

Caltrap, a (insect), 25, 40, 41. 
Cam 


oreit bi 31, 185. 


214 


Campanula, a, 38, 39- 

Castle, a, between the letters IC, 27, 57. 
Cat, a, above the letters TC, 57. 

Catherine wheel, 45. 

CB, 47, 48, 85, 92, 94) 99 1715 1795 204 
CB (in monogram), 41, 42, 43, 48, 157, 165. 
C & B, 142. 


CC, 46, 89, 95, 171, 196, 202. 

CC (in monogram), 63, 64. 

CC (linked), 37. 

CC, 90. 

ee, 85, 196. 

CD, 60, 92, 129, 131, 171, 172, 173, 202. 

CD, 185. 

CE, 57, 104. 

CF, 32, 102, 104, 141, 184, 190, 194, 202. 

CF or FC ve monogram), 49. 

CFH, 33. 

CG, 75, 82, 202. 

CH, 30, 31, 53, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 80, 82, 83, 
96, 99, 102, 106, 107, 194, 197. 

CH (in monogram), 106. 

C & H, 189. 

CH, 84, 86, 87. 

Chalice between 4 stars in heart-shaped shield, 

165. 

Cherub’s head, 166; above the letters DI, 65; 
above the letters WC, 61; below the letters 
WH, 27, 53: 

CHL, 197. 

CHS, 151. | 

CI, 24, 75, 87, 168. 

CI (in monogram), 26, 43. 

C enclosing I, 26, 44. 

CJ, 138, 143, 187. 

CT, 85. 

CJR, 130, 131. 

CK, 34, 57, 585 59, 60, 61, 81, 97, 203, 210. 

CK (in monogram), 170. 

C & K, 175. 

Gc enclosing K, 59. 

CL, 69, 70, 71, 73s 743 77s 865 1725 193s 197. 

Cc enclosing | py 

cL 

ARE} 

CLARK, 172. 

CL 

TLt 15! 

Clubs, two in a saltire (heart), 45. 

Clubs, two in a saltire between letters BT, 44. 

CM, 55, 81, 93s 94) 107; 1775 186, 190, 1945 195» 
200, 210. 

CM, 85. 

C enclosing M, 44. 

CO, 29, 50, 61, 65, 68, 71; 77s 79s 80, 81. 


Index to British and Trish Marks 


~ LIMERICK 


Crown, 24, 25, 41, 116, 209. — 


Co, 68. 
C enclosing 0, 72. “ 
Cock or rooster, 26, 27, 42, pe ss x Tl i. 
COCKBURN, 174. rare 
Cock’s comb, 39. 
Cock’s head, a, erased, 23, 35. 
COK, 210. 
COLGAN T, 189. ae 
Collar and jewel, 26. At se 
Comet below the letters RD, 56. 
Compasses, pair of, 36, 40, 45. at: 
Compasses, crossed in a railiane, circle, Whee 
38. 
CONWAY, 207. 
CORBETT, 207. 
Coronet, a, 24, 36; 37. 
Coronets, three ducal in pale, 14. 
Coronets, two count Rng) al 
COTON, 158. 
Cox R, g!. Rae. 
CP, 32; 42; 49» 79, 1045 151, 205, es Re 5 
CR, 26, 45, 61, 68, 69, 75, 108, 128, 165, 7; 
174, 204, 205. Rae | 
CR (in mone 495 165, 170. ers 
CR, 85, 86 
C enclosing R, 68. 
Crab, a, 37. 
CR 
DR 
CR DR CR, 128. : 
Crescent enclosing raaiiee 34i; ae +36, 
38, 42, 46, 47, 184; and three mullets, 25 
enclosing saltire (heart), 44; enclosing 
letter I, 26, 44; enclosing the letter W 
41, 42, 43) 44) 453 under the letter T, 
under the letter W, 24, 378 under the 
RD, ‘26, 46. 
Crescents above and below PB, 26, 2, 
Crescent marks, 38, 168, 210, a: ig 


ems 
a, 


103, 128, 131. 


es oy 
CS t 32, 104. sy ek 
CRICHTON J,174 
CROMER Kt oo 


Cross couped, 26, 40, 43, 166; Pee 6: 
166; grasped by a hand, 25, 38, 393 
(intaglio), 23) 245 353 10 dotted circle bet 
four pellets, 164; moline, crowned, 3 
tée, 23, 353 raguly, incuse, 164; sal 
St. Andrew’s cross), 187; in a shield 
list), 24, 36; within a 7 26. 


Crown and rose, 24, 36, 165. _ 
Crozier between the oe es, 


C 
ws {33 10S. ee 
CS, 27, 51, 62, 82, 175, 194 1195, * 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


CT, 50, 59, 193, 194, 206. 
i or TC (in eereain), Ri, G8, 00, 170,171. 
CT, 92: 
CTF 
GF 32, 33, 105- 
CT & IW, 207. 


T 
Twi 195) 207- 
TW( 93: 


Cup, a, covered, 24, 37, 39. 
CV, 69, 73. 


CW, 30, 56, 94; 9596, 98, 108, 154, 204, 210. 


W 545 164. 

C & W, 174, 201. 

C enclosing W, 44, 79. 
CY (in monogram), 53. 


Detar, 26, 42, 47, 107, 115, a 200. 
D, 28, 42, 60, 62, go. 
DA, 61, 63, 67, 70, 71, 725 745 78- 
Dagger, hand grasping, 182. 
Dagger between the letters ID, 28, 61. 
DB, 60, 61, 95, 174, 191. 
D & Bei 31; 
DC, 27, 55, 58, 80, 82, 121, 128, 165. 
C, 33: 
D enclosing C, 26, 43, 47, 48. 
DC, 85. 
DC, 175. 
DCF, go. 
DCR, 179. © 
DD, 128. 
DD (linked), 1go. 
P5873. 
DD (interlaced), 177. 
DD) _ 
TB tras. 
DE, 67, 68, 172, 195, 201. 
DE BA, 6s. 
DERMOTT, 205. 
Maes 2. <4 187. 


DF 

INS 187. 

DG, 26,.47, 58, 62, 86, 177, 186. 
DG (in monogram), 170. 

DH, 29, 83, 91, 151. 

DH (in monogram), 170. 

br & Co., 147. 

DH, 86. 


215 


DH RH, 30, 93. 

DI, 49, 65, 66, 80. 

DI or ID (in monogram), 165. 
Di, 77, 78. 

D & JS, 174. 

DK, 75, 172, 189, 192, 193, 194. 
D enclosing K, 200. 

DL, 55; 82, 83, 128, 209. 


LG 152 

DM, 30, 94, 185, 195, 197, 200, 203. 

DM (in monogram), 171. 

D & M, 173. 

DM, 9°, 173. 

DMC, 206. 

DmcG, 174. 

DO, 67, 68. 

DOLLAR, 206. 

DOUGLAS, 183. 

Dove, holding an olive branch, 43; holding an 
olive branch below HN, 27, 53. 

DP, 31, 88, go, 102, 194, 203. 

DP in monogram, 170. 

DP, 194. 

DPW, 90. 

DR, 27, 51, 
79> 

Dragon between letters TF, 45. 

Dragons’ heads (3) each holding a crosslet in 
its mouth, 156. 

DS, 88, go, 166. 

DS (in monogram), 120. 

DSS, 151 

DS 

BS 

DS BS IS, 102. 

DS 

RS 93+ 

DS 

RS 99: 

DS RS, 29, 30, 94; 96. 

DSK, 167. 

DT, 78. 

Du, 133. 

DUFFNER A 

TIPPERARY ae 

DUN 

tas. 


52, 53> 54, $7, 130, 131; 164, 


DEE 

DU 

NH ¢ 10: 

DV, 164. 

DF 27. 

DW, 27, 48, 50, 63, 77> 81, 84, 102. 
D&W, 196. 

D enclosing W, 152. 

DV, 56, 86. 

DM, 85, 89. 


216 


DW) _ 

IF. t G0 

DY, 77. 

DY (in monogram), 26. 


EF, 37, 182. 

E & Co., 174. 

E & Co. Ld., 145. 

FA, 69, 71, 93+ 

A{ 1195 120. 

EA, 84, 

€4, 85, 87, 90 

EA EA, 93. 

Eagle, an, 24, 36, 38, 46. 

Eagle, double Genie: below the letters TS, 
26, 42, 43. 

Eagle’s head between letters IC, 25, 38. 

EA IS, go. 

EASTON, 118. 


EB, 27, 55, 59, 61, 80, 82, 83, 100, 126, 179, 


193, 202. 
E & B, 203. 
EB, 85, 91, 192, 200. 
€B, 85. 


EB ; 
JB t 32,105, 


EB," 
& boa, 105. 


JB 

EC, 49, 57, 61, 68, 78, 795 93> 94s 96, 975 191; 
193, 195, 200, 202, 210, 

EC (in monogram), 170. 

E enclosing C, 46. 

EC, 88, 89. 

EC (conjoined), 171. 

ec 

he 

ED, 51, 65, 66, 67, 77, 78, 88, 89, 91, 116, 200, 
204. | 

ED (conjoined), 162. 

ED (in monogram), ee, 

ED, 97- 


ER, 20, 75, 77 


EE, 104, 105. 


EE 

JE (339 105: 

EEJWB, 32, 104. 

EF, 79, 81, 83, 97, 99, 193, 200. 

EP, 86, 87. 

EG, 54, 55, 59, 61, 77, 80, 81, 86, 91, 151, 208. 
EG (linked), 208. 

EGAN 

~ CORK §*97 


Index to British and Irish Hess " 


_EH, 47, 48, 56, 60, 74, 88, 117, 2c 


EW, 44 7% 73s 77> 79> 139, 190. oe 2 


EI, 50, 56, 75> 765 955 99 100, 204. 
EJ, 88, 91, 138, 195, 196, 197, 
EJ (in monogram), 197. 


FJ 

Bwt 32, 105. 
EJG, 344, 

E & JJ, 195. 

EJ &WB, 32, 105. 
EJWJB, 95. 

EK, 62, 138. 

EL, 26, 7 46, 51, 95, 975 172, 185. 
EL, 61, 85. 
El, 120, 


mark, I 187. 


a 166. See. 
EM, 29, 31, 54, 56, 63, 88, 101, 5 102, 35, I 
195, 203. ; 
EM ue monogram), 44 57s I iS oan 
EM, 203. Ree 
EM & Co., 151. See 
EN, 138. inane 
EN (conjoined), 59. 
En, 79: iS ae 
EN 
vas /™ 
EO, 60, 88, 131, 172. 
EP, 29, 76, 78, 82, 17% 195 
EP, 196. 


204. on yn 
ER (in ene ate “iy a ce 
ES, 48, 49, 64, 88, 104, 143s 145, 146, 

200, 210. 

ES or SE (in monogram), 25, ae, > 
ES, 86. » ae 
Escallop shell, 25, 26, 64 4, - ahs 
53> 157+ een 
ESTON, 118. ; 
Etoile (star or iui II " 16 166. eee: 
ET, 27, 51, 525 53s 635 ae 945 9%» 96, 143; 

202, oer a es 
EV, 29, 75576; 79s 80. est 
EV, 87. 2 


F in an Cal a mark designati ] 


BOG cis 
een 


33: ee is 
F, a maker’s sae 27, 395 506 


Index to British and Irish Marks 
— FO, 69. 


F, 26, 48, 49- 

FA, 29, 56, 66, 67, 69, 70, 75, 78. 

F&A, 151. 

Fa, 70, 72, 73: 

Falcon, a, Io1. 

FALLER GALWAY, 198. 

Fal me uth, 161. 

FAN (in monogram), 92. 

FB, 24, 37, 58, 107, 138, 167, 187, 194, 203. 

SB, 127. 

FB 

ND{2°7- 

F BROS, 188. 

FBrs, 148. 

FBs, 197. 

FC, 54, 56, 89, 94, 143, 200. 

FC (in monogram), 49. _ 

PC, 87. 

FC, 49. 

FD, 32, 78, 105, 189. 

FD (in monogram), 28, 61. 

FB, 39 32, 104. 

Fe, 29, 76. 

FELCOX, 169. 

Fetterlock, a, 23, 35. 

FF, 61, 104. 

FG, 57, 58, 78, 190, 192. 

FG (in monogram), 39, 46 

F GARTHORNE, 64. 

FH, 33, 104, 167, 1735 197- 

FHE (in monogram), 59. 

FI, 194. 

Bi,-157. 

FIS, ig. 

Fish, Reet ak, 11%, ce above the lotic LC: 
58, 89; above the letters TK, 64. 

FI, 201. 

FK, 84, 89. 

F & K, 194. 

FK, 30, 84, 87, 92. 

FL, 52, 54, 69, 71. 

Fleur-de-lis, Boe, 24, 25, 35°97) 305 4ty P52; 
166. 

Flower, a, 23, 26, 35, 47, 55, 113, 114, 116, 118, 
119, 165. (See also Rose, Campanula, 
Quatrefoil, Cinquefoil.) 

_ FM, 196. 


& S203: 

FN, 58, 83, 85. 

FN (in monogram), 79, 92. 
FO, 68, 70, 75, 120. 

FO (in ‘monogram), 61. 


o17 


Footprint, a, 23, 35- 

FOSTER H, 210. 

Fox, a, 25, 40. 

FP, 53, 82. 

FP, 84. 

FR, 65, 70, 80, 120, 125, 203. 

FR (in monogram), 39. 

Fr, 126. 

Fr, 29, 68, 73, 80. 

Fruit, slipped, 26, 44. 

FS, 27, 44, 56, 57, 58, 82, 86, 94, 97, 131, 207. 
FS (in monogram), 44, 45. 

FS, 128, 131. 

FSLD, 198. 

FT, 75, 100, 106, 107. 

FT (in monogram), 26, 44. 

F enclosing T (in monogram), 25, 39. 
FV, 120. 

FY, 91. 


FW, 51, 535 $45 $9 99, 193- 


Ww 106. 

FW (in monogram), 26, 44, 45. 
F & W, 142. 

FWP, 89. 


G, 44, 55. 
GA, 32, 33, 42, 65, 66, 68, 70, 94, 105, 195. 


$27, .160. 


, 64. 
ealieas (ship in full sail), 204. 
G ALLEY, 202. 
GARDE, 207. 
GARDNER, 196. 
Gate, a, 23, 35, 182, 183. 
Gate, a, below the letters BY, 47. 
GB, 29, 52, 75, 76, 79, 82, 84, 87, 89, 99; 100, — 
127, 174, 183, 184, 200, 204. 
G & B, 202. 
GB, 84, 127, 197. 


GC, 44, 56, tot, £70, 173, 177; 182, 200. 
GC & Co., 147. 

GC, 89. 

GC, duplicated in reverse, 59. 

GCL ix 

GD, 49, 51, 52. 

GE, 83, 185. 


TEE kh Be te 
ee AL ee A “ 


a. uh 


Gemini, the, 23, 35. 

GE & S, 174. 

GF, 33, 63, 94, 105, 122, 123; 167, 19725273; 
203, 208. 

GF; a swan below, 167. 

GEG, 209. 

GFP, 32, 105. 

GFW, 139. 


GG, 27, 34, 48, 56, 60, 63, 80; 98, 99, 108, 130, 


166, 189, 191. 


GG & Co., 119. 

GH, 30, 80, 81, 83, 88, 90, 93, 94. 149, 151, 
194, 205. 

GH, 201. 


Gh (in monogram), 170. 
GH WC, 96, 97, 98. 
GI, 29, 32, 65, 67, 68, 71, 74, 76, 81, 83, 105. 
G enclosing I, 70. 
GI, 86, 93. 
63, 6s. 
Gi, 69, 74, 133. 
Gi, 65. 
GIBSON, 203, 207. 
GI 
177. 
Giles, Saint, a figure of, 184. 
GS, 49. 


IV 164. 

GJ, 174, 183. 

GF, 86. 

GK, 104. 
GK (in monogram), 5k. 170. 
G & K, 172. 


GL, 74,105, 141, 1°96, 297; 139, 166, 174 200. 


GLN, 178. 

Globe, a, 3 

G 

Ltd 

ah 49, ae 62, 64, 81, 89, 108, 123, 128, oy 
202, 209, 310. 


GM, 87, 89, 92. 
GMH (last two letters conjoined), 173. 


GM 
Hp (33: 


I ides ‘to Behe bu i ae “Mares” 


Grapes, a bunch of, 24, 26, - os 49, ah 


GY, 77, 88, 171. 


G & MLe, 189. 
GN, 62. 


RH 199 aa 
GO, 67, 68, 71, 72, 77, 82, 13% 


Goose, a, in a dotted circle, 58. 


_ Goutées (drops), 3 in shield, 43+ De. oa 


GP, 103. 4 
G& PW, 201, 203. : 
GR, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 76, 80, 84, 87, 97 3 
139, 170, 182, 203. 
GR, a mermaid and star above, 187 
GR (conjoined), 165, 166,170. 
G enclosing R, 72. 
Gr, 68, 72, 73. 


Grasshopper, a, above letters IM, 81; be eee 
letters WC, 40. e a 

GRAY, 174. Soe 

GRAYS, 203. nee 


GR 

EB 33, 105. 

GS, 27, 42, 49, 52, 56, ee 62, 76, 78, 81, 
95, 100, 101, 103, 168, ze *83, 200). 

GS, 30, 85, 98. aa 

G & SCo. Ld, 34. 

GS FC, go. 

GS SS, 89. 

GS 

THI 100, IOI. 

GS 

GT, ve 122, +146, 168, 202. 

GT 

TEE 

GU, 73> 77 oP 144. : ‘aes 

GV, 535 54, 36 7: . Be 

GW, 29, 31, 32, 555 56, 80, oa: 102, : ih 
135, 136, 138, 143, 151, 182, dn, ‘ee 

G Seg By 79. ie eae 


125, eas, 


GZ, 177. 


Co 53 157, 164, 165, 186, 210, a 
A, 55, 164. ; 
h, 24, 37: | a 4 
H& Co., 146, 175, 187. cae a 
H& coe Ltd., 34. ee 
H or FH, 164, 172. z 
HA, 29, 66, 67, 69,79, 735 74 fo 
149, 167, 194. = 
HA (conjoined), 82. 


Index to British and Trish Marks 


Ha, 73. 

HAMILTON, 174. 

Hammer, a, grasped by a hand, 24, 35, 36, 39, 
40, 41. 

HAMY RS (separate stamps), 195. 

Hand, a, 23, 24, 35, 36, 37, 208. 

Hand, grasping a branch, 25, 38; grasping a 
cross, 35, 38, 393 grasping a dagger, 182; 
grasping a hammer, 24, 25, 36, 39, 40, 41; 
grasping a ragged staff, 24, 36. 

Harp, a (uncrowned), 1633 between letters 
LM, 26, 43. 

Hart, a, running, above letters IB, 56. 

Hart, a, running, 209. 

Hawthorn, a spray of, 164. 

HB, 44, 63, 84, 86, 89, 131, 171. 

HB (conjoined), 255 39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 
49, 50, $2, 535 1545 166, 204. 

AB, 30, 92, 97; 99- 

HB, 84. 

HC, 24, 25, 30, 36, 40, 58, 63, 76, 90, 99, 100, 
210. 

HC (in monogram), 64, 164. 

HC 

IE (10! 

HD, 26, 43, 77, 179- 

HD, 90. 

HD (conjoined), 193. 

HE, 55, 66, 167. 

H&E, 128. 

HE & Co., 148. 

HE (conjoined), 56, 59. 

HE, 125. 

He, 78. 

Head, a, couped below letters NR, 44; erased, 
24, 37- 

Head, a human, 210. 

Heart, a, 23, 24, 35, 36, 39, 167, 204; crowned, 
185; over two clubs, in saltire, 42; pierced 
by a dagger, 164; above letters GG, 166; 
below letters RM, 26; below letters RS, 26. 

Hearts, four concentred, 165, 166; six, 164; 
eight within ring of pellets, 165. 

Helmet or bassinet, 40, 44, 45. 

HERMAN, 118, 119. 

HE . 

w (33: 

HEYLAND, 207. 

HF, 138, 195, 196. 

H & F, 145, 195. 

H FOSTER, 210. 

HG, 27, 30, 51, 53, 61, 76, 97, 99, 139, 172. 

HH, 42, 61, 82, 83, 105, 141, 148, 167, 197. 

H &H, 148, 197, 202. 

HH & Co: 14 

HH (conjoined), 57, 88, 118. 


bb, 96- 


219 


HH, 85, 88. 

HI, 43, 70, 72, 74 

H & I, 174, 175. 

HI or TH (in monogram), 50, 52, 53, 164, 166. 
Di, 73+ 

High boot, a, 24, 37. 

HINCHSLIFFE M, 177. 

HJ, 201. 

HK, 56, 139. 

HK (conjoined), 38. 

HK (in monogram), 24, 36. 

HE, 6s; 108; 124, 202,/407. 

HL (conjoined), 42, 49, 164, 170. 

HLS, 197. 

HM, 48, 76, 9°, 145, 179, 192, 202, 203. 
HM (conjoined), 26, 43, 45, 49, 128. 
HM, 85, 87. 

FANS Gy. cia riot, 10%, 

HN linked, see NH. 


HN 

HN 

HO, 29; 65, 725 °73,75; 76, 60, 201; 
HO (in monogram), 65, 71. 

Ho, a 715/79) 745 Te 1200 134: 
iho, 6 

Holly Teal, j incuse, 38. (See also Leaf.) 
Hooded falcon, 39. 

HOPE, 172. 

Horse, a, 23, 35; between letters IY, 24. 
Horse’s head, couped, 38, 39. 
Horseshoe, a, 23, 35. 

HORWOOD, 118. 

Hound, a, 27, 50. 

HP, 63, 78, 84, 88, 98, 109, 160, 172. 
H & P, 109. 

HP 

& Co, 1° 

HP (conjoined), 119, 164. 

HP (in monogram), 62. 

AP, 78, 83. 

HP (in monogram), 62. 

HR, 40, 53, 60, 188. 

HR (conjoined), 40, 188, 189. 

HS, 45, 475 78; 96, 138, 149, 167, 200. 
HS (in monogram), 40. 

HSM, 207. 

HT, 61, 139. 

H & T, 145, 198. 

HT & Co., 151. 

HT (in monogram), 46, 47, 170. 


Thy oe 

HU, 29, 74, 78. 

HV, 29, 63, 68, 69, 83, 99. 

HV (conjoined), 70. 

HW, 25, 33> 37) 38, 4!, $2, 10s, 139, 146, 149, 
166, 201. 


JO AE Oey ag! Eon Bum Weta Ra Relay Ureh Me D 


220 


wt 156, 

HW & Co., 148. 
HW Ld., 145. 
HX, 210. 

Hy A, 137, 138. 


I, 157, 164. 

xe in crescent or C enclosing, 26, 44. 

I in a dotted circle, 165. 

fs. 

DAs Ge 9 

IA, 26, 27, 43, 46, 50, 54, 57s 73s 89, 93> 945 
95, 157, 167, 172, 185, 202, 205. 

IA (in monogram), 59. 

IAC, 93- 


IA 

ME {29> 83. 

IA &S, 135. . 

IB, 26, 27, 29, 42, 43, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, $6, 
575 58, 59, 61, 64, 75, 775 785 83, 84, 87, 89, 
93, 95, 101,904, 125,°227, 128, 331, 435, 
143, 151, 154, 165, 167, 178, 183, 187, 189, 
195, 201, 20%, Jog. er. 

IBBOT, 92. 


I 

& S( 34 

IC, 24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 32, eA 38, 41, 46, 51, 
525 545 555 575 58, 61, 62, 76, 77, 79, 81, 83; 
85, 86, 90, 95, 99, 102, 104, 108, 127, 128, 
131, 151, 154, 158, 166, 167, 170, 171, 178, 
186, 189, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197, 200, 201, 
203. 

IC (in monogram), 46, 61, 63, 170, 171. 

I intersecting C, 49. 

IC, 84, 127. 

ICF, 103. 


IC 

THY 95, 98. 
IC 
WR 


ID, 42, 45, 555 61, 62, 64, 78, 92, 945 96, 975 117, 
126, 131, 135, 151, 167, 172, 173, 179, 183, 
193, 194, 201, 202, 203, 210. 

ID (conjoined), 161, 200. 

ID (in monogram), 117, 142, 200. 

ID or DI (in monogram), 165. 


ie 


IE, 26, 29, 43) 47> 56, 61, 62, 67, 755 7" 79> 81, 
82, gO, 91, 92, 99, 120, 123, 136, 164, 166, 172, 
194, 202, 207. 


Index to British and Irish Mahe 


IF, 24, 25, 27, 325 37s 39» 4% 41; Ets 4 50 $35 


1H 
F II t 31. 


IE & Co., 147. 
le, 67, 68, 71, 133. 


55, 56, 61, 63, 76, 77, 795 80, 82, 83, 88, 9 
100, 104, ‘105, 120, 121, 127, 128, Eis 3 
192, 195, 200, 210. Tone 
IF 
IB¢ 10°: 
IFW, 138. 
IF WEST in separate stamps, 195. es 
IG, 26, 27, 29, 43, 48, 49, 50, oo 52, 53> 60, | 
63, 775 78, 81, 84, 85, 135, 165, 166, 167, 2, 
178, 182, 194, 199, “< 203, 206, 208, : 
IG & Co., 147. : 
IG (in monogram), 26, 40 Ole 
I piercing G, 39, 79, 152. 
I & GH, 184. 

IG WV, 95. | ) 
IH, 25, 27, 31, 395 49 Ret 495 555 56, 58 
59, 63, 64, 75, 78, 80, 84, 87, 92, 93, 94) | 
IOI, 102, 126, 128, 135, 149, 161, 165, 1° 

184, 186, 192, 193, ahs ae ies: 


206, 207, 210. 
IH & Cs 151. 
TH 
Co (15! 


IH (in monogram), 27, 50, 3 53 sa 
TH CS, 91, 93. 
IH CS (in monogram), at | 


IH oy 
1 an 128. 


IH IP, 110. 
IH . . 
IP pie 


sy Iol. 


7, 81, 82, 84, 935 153, i, 94 202, 

I IRISH, 205. a 

IL 6 

S a 

I&IW 

& CO. t 48 

IJK, 33. ; 

IK, 27, 32; 445 53> 55> $6, 64, 77s ° 
98, 99, 100, 105, 127, 128, 167, 1 
186, 192, 193, 194, 202, 

IK & Co., Iu hee 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


IKIW & Co., 147. 

IK 

Tt gi. 

IK WEST (in separate stamps), 195. 

IL, 27, 29, 30, 50, 51, 54, 55, 58, 60, 63, 74, 
75, 7, 81, 84, 97, 98, 103, 106, 119, 127, 128, 
147, 170, 171, 178, 182, 193, 194, 195, 201. 

IL & Co., 147. 

ILB, 195. 


IL 
Lt 3% 103, 105. 


IL ) 
la, 104. 
CL 


IL 
It 97, 128. 
IL IS, 94, 95. 


IL WV, 30, 94. 

IM, 25, 27, 42, 455 47, 48, 50, 58, 75, 73, 80, 81, 
Bree He, GO, 100, 101, 107, 125, 123, 131, 
151, 171, 172, 189, 193, 195, 201, 202, 203, 


CK 80. 
IMD (last two letters conjoined), 173. 
IMF (last two letters conjoined), 99. 


IM 

FB (45: 

Implements crossed, 24, 36. 
IMS, 34. 


WH ( 97: 

TN, 93, 63, 76, 82,118, 160, 195, 196, 202, 
206. 

IN or NI (in monogram), 25, 42. 

INCE, 189. 

INe, 87. 

I NORTH, 118. 

IN 

NN f?°7- 

10, 57, 71, 745 77, 108. 

IO (in monogram), 78. 

Io, 72, 78. 

IONS, 118. 

iP; 25, 26, 29, 38, 49, 46, 555 57> 595 82, 85, 
89, 92, 98, IOI, 107, 108, 11g, 120, 123, 126, 
158, 161, 165, 166, 177, 186, 192, 194, 200, 
201, 202, 209. 


faa a 


EPS Co, 147; 
IP, 85. 


IP 
EW 39, 94+ 
IP 
Gpt3t 103. 


IQ, 90, 157. 

IR, 26, 29, 45, 51, 555 575 61, 63, 65, 775 78; 79 
84, 89, 95, IOI, 120, 125, 126, 128, 131, 139, 
151, 167, 172, 195, 204. 

IR, a crescent below, §7. 

I & R, 137. 

IR & Co., 147. 

IR Co., 151. 

IR (in monogram), 119. 


IR 
& bas 
RR 


IS, 29, 30, 325 445 46 535 54, 56, 575 58, 59; 60, 
61, 63, 64, 66, 76, 79, 82, 84, 85, 86, 88, go, 
96, 975 99, 100, 102, 103, 108, 120, 125, 128, 
Fat, Fad, 147, 451, 160, 260) 165,390,171, 
172, 178, 185, 186, 191, 194, 196, 200, 203, 
206, 207, 208. 

IS or SI (in monogram), 25, 38, 42, 45, 56, 64, 
87, 171: 

I intersecting S, 59, 60, 64, 164. 


IS 

G 145. 
ISH, 32, 105. 
IS 


HW 148. 

IS 

I SOLOMON, 207. 
ISTI, 210. 


IS 

TS 151. 

IS 

a 66 

IT, 455 48, $0, $1, 58, 82, 84, 86, 89, 99, 104, 
107, 108, 131, 141, 142, 151, 165, 167, 168, 
172, 179, 184, 191, 193, 201, 203, 207. 

I & TL, 138. 

I & TS, 147. 

ITY & Co., 147: 

IV, 26, 46, 47, 51, 69, 72, 113, 165. 


222 


IW, 27, 28, 50, 51, 535 545 595 63, 76, se) 81,83, 
85, 89, 103, 120, 127, 128, 130, 135, 136, 137, 
147, 152, 164, 167, 172, 183, 193, 195, 196, 
199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 207. 


ws + 

IW & Co., 147. 

IW (in monogram), 44, 161, 170. 
IWR, 182. 


IW 
RG {3% 10, 101. 
IWS, 102. 


J & Co., 143. 
F (in a wreath), 47. 


JA, 33, 97, 103, 105, 135, 174, 182, 185, 187, 
202. 


FA, 86, 95, 101, 136. 
Ja, 67,7 
Aj 


TA 103. 


JA 

JA 32, 105. 
JAMESON, 198. 
J4 oe, 


JA &S, 146. 


JB, 31, 95, 102, 112, 131, 138, 148, 172, 179s 
189, 194, 201. 


& Co. Til. 


TB, 78, 85, 88, 90, 93, 121, 127. 
FB or B (in monogram), 51. 


JC, 102, 131, 135, 137, 174, 202, 203. 
JC & Co., 175. 


Index to “British oy I A Mae 


FE, 85, ie 94, 120, 121, 202, 


JEW & JB, 33. 


JG &C, 174. 


FC, 88. 

FC & Co., 175. 

IC, 99, 121, 127. 
JCE, 32, 104, 105. 

J CRICHTON, 174. 
JC 

Nt St ' ee 
JD, 131, 173, 175, 179,193,197. so ae 
FD, 88, 195, 199, 201. et ieee : 
FD (conjoined), go. 

FD (in monogram), 170. 
ID, 97: 

JD RM, 30, 97. 

JD &S, 149. 


JD 

WD 139, 149. 
JE, 32, 101, 102, 105, 182. 
JE & Co., 147. 


JEB, 198. 
JE 

EF 103. 
Ew t ea 
GW (33: | <2 eats 
JEP, 197. ey 
JEV, 174. 

J EWAN, 163. 


JF, 131, 139, 197- 

F, 91. 
IF, 84, 127. oe 
JG, 125, 144, 190, 195, 196, 202. 
7G, 29, 795 80, 93- eat ee) 
JG (in monogram), 57 


J. G& Co., 147. 
IG, 29, 86, 87. . ae 
JH, 122, 123, 128, 197, 174, os + 
JH & ou 146, 174. : 
JH & Son 

Geo St. '7* ey 
FH, 87, 89, 92, 96, 99, se 121 1725 ' 
FH (conjoined), 172. Beate 
ae 

AH 139 


JHS, 151. 
JHW, 145. 
J & IJ, 131. me 
JJ, 174, 186, 202. tes eet 
FF, 30, 81, 83, 85, 89, t 93 cf 

J, 196. j 
IT 20, 195. 
JK, > 139, 195, 196, 202. 
FK, 86, 87, 127, 206, 207. 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


JKB, 149. 

KING, 88. 

JK 

JL, 100, 105, 122, 138, 146, 147, 178. 

TL, 85, 93» 945 1275 151, 161, 182, 194, 201, 203. 


aE 
eS 127, 
JM, 133, 136, 137, 138, 1515 173, 174 1795 180, 
195, 196, 198. 
JM & Co., 144. 
JM (conjoined), 170. 
FM, 85, 86, 87, 92, 193- 
$M (conjoined), 120, 159, 193: 
4M (in monogram), 56. 
TH, 85, 167. 
JMB, 145. 
JMc, 173, 1745 179: 


JN, 148, 174. 

J &N, 187. 

JN & Co., 174. 

FN, 86, 94, 202, 206. 


JN 

wnt I$l. 

FO, 123, 184. 

JO, 65, 86, 125, 184, 202. 

Fo, 65, 70. 

Jo CRICHTON, 174. 
JOHNSON E., 197. 

JP, 122, 137, 184, 194, 195. 
dder 29, 85, 89. 

¥P (in monogram), 186. 

¥P (in monogram) or P, 171. 
IP, 35, 84, 85, I7I. 

FQ, 87- 

JR, 131, 149, 172, 1755 180, 195, 197, 198, 


203. 

FR, 29, 85, 86, 88, 90, 91, 945 100, 128, 193. 

JR, 127. 

JRH, 33. 

JRN, 197. 

JS, 33, 95) 102, 123, 124, 131, 137, 1745 178, 
182, 184, 185, 189, 194, 195, 196, 207. 

JS (conjoined), 170. 

JS (in monogram), 60. 

FS, 30, 62, 85, 86, 87, 90, 92, 103, 121, 128, 206. 

FS (conjoined), 83. 

ID, 29. 

Js 

AS (32s 105 


223 


JSB, 202. 

FSN, 206. 

1s 

ss 145: 

JT, 137, 144, 203. 

TT, 29, 80, 87, 192. 

JT & S, 139. 

JU, 174. 

JUG, a, 23, 35. 

Ue hide 

JW, 104, 124, 131, 137, 139, 142, 143, 151, 179, 
190, 194, 197- 


8 Co. ( 175: 

JW (in monogram), 54. 

FW, 29, 85, 86, 88, 91, 98, 100, 105, 192, 193, 
194, 201, 204, 206. 

FW (in monogram), 192, 193. 

JM, 86, 172. 

J WALKER, 182. 

JWD, 33. 

TW FF, 89. 

J & WM, 173, 174, 180. 


K & D, 172. 

KE, 29, 67, 69, 71, 73- 

Ke, 70, 71, 74 

KER, 172. 

KEY, a, 23, 35, 54, 168, 189, 190. 

KEY, above the letters CO, 65, 68; above the 
letters LO, 69, 72; between the letters CR, 
26, 45; between the letters WC, 45. 

KE; 27, $2. 

K & F, 203. 

K &G, 197. 

KI, 68, 77. 

Ki, 126. 

KID, 177. 

Kil, 72. 

KING 7, 88. 

King Chas. II’s head,crowned, 167. 

KM, 154, 171, 207. 

KS, 53, 56; 57- 

K & W, 151. 


L, 23, 35- 

L (reversed), 39- 

L & Co, 142, 143. 

L & SONS, 131, 175. . 

LA, 29, 65, 725 73s 749 75s 76s 77s 815 109, 126, 
202, 


dt Sa ea ag 


224 Index to British and Irish Marks 


LA (in monogram), 66, 67. LP, 82, 131, 164. 
LA (linked), 66, 69. LP 
La, 167. & Co § 15! 
LAC, 34, 198. LP, 29, 87. 
Lamb above the letters IL, 81; above the LR, 40, 205. 
fetters LA, 72, 73. L&R, 128, 172. 
Lamb and Flag, a, 186. LS, 58, 200. 
Lamb’s head, a, 23, 35. L&S, 131. 
Lamp, a, 25, 37. LS (in monogram), 160. 
LAW, 151, 195, 198. LU eth. 
LAWSON Lu, 66, 71. ; 
DUBLIN ( 19°: LUCE or pike’s head, 210. 
LB, 44, 63, 93, 151. : LV, 72, 96. soe 
B, 194. SGV WY, 145. 
LC, 54, 56, 58, 59, 945 175. 
C, 142. ; M, 25, 27, 395 40 41, pice! 50, $2, 54s 16, on 
L & Co, 143, 145. 166, 170, 183, 187, 208. ae 
Le, 60. ; AO OF “W inverted, 24, 37. 
Lob 2 M& Co, 198. 
Gc} MA, 65, 6, 67, 68, 69, 70, 7, ™ ™ 7 , 128, 
197- 
SC to. 3 Ma, 73, 745 133: 
_ LD, 84, 96. a, 109 
LD, 84, 96. : Hila ar dee 
Ba mee 
DF | 168. MAC oy ee 
LE, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 75+ _ MAS ad : ak 
Le, 67, 68, 72. MA EP, 76. 
Leaf, a (see trefoil), 23, 35.. MAHONY, 207. 
Leaves, spray of, 24, 37. MAIDENHEAD, a,.23, 35. 
LEE, 203. MAID’S HEAD, 24,36. 
Lee, 92. Marigold, a, and letter E, 24, ce ve 
Let, 193. MARTIN W, 205. . es ayy. 
LFN, 179. Mask affrontée, a, 166. See also Bouget. 
LSS, 187, tabi . MATHEY, 158. ‘ oe : 
IG, 89. MB, 75, 89, 100, IOI, 141, 142, 143) 
LH, 83, 203. 194, 200, 202, 208. . 
LH, a cross between, 168. _M &B, 207. 
LH, 30, 85, 94. MB (conjoined), 43> big ae e 
1, 89. . _ MBF (in separate stamps), 141. fe 
LH, FB, 92. MC, 75, 79, 96, 104, UGS ia 173s 1745 
LI, 26, 30, 48, 64, 69, 74, 895 99. 200, 209, 210. abe ak ‘aes 
LY, 74- M & C, 174, 175, 179. 
Links, two, 23, 24, 35. : MC (conjoined), 183. 
LILLY THO, 205. | M & C, 172. 
LK, 98, 203. ; | Mc, 173. 
LL, 68, 79, 167. | McCL, 202. 
LL, 85. | McC & D, 198. 
LM, 26, 43, 82, 119, 190, 202 McD, 205, 206. 
L &M, 151. _ M’DB, 197. 
LM (in monogram), 45. . ws McDB, 197. 
LN, 195. eer 185. 
LO, 68, 69, 72, 82, 172. M | 
LO, 85. | GA { 32, 105. 
LO (in monogram), 69. MD, 205. ie 
De. 3h 72, 1208 ee MD (conjoined), 205, 206. ee 


LOW, 172. ) “MD, 85. 


/ 
¥ 


Index to British and Irish Marks pac 


AAD, 88. 

ME, 63, 71, 104. 

ME (conjoined), 61, 64. 

Me, 71. 

Mermaid and star of 6 points above the letters 
GR, 187. 

MF, 94, 179, 201, 208. 

MF & Co., 147, 151. 

MF (conjoined), 179. 

MP, 88, 91, 93- 

MEG, 209. 

MFG (the first two letters conjoined), 209. 

MF 

RC 147. 

MG, 51, 55, 63, 78, 108, 168. 

M &G, 195. 

M & GS, 174. 

MH, 28, 59, 61, 62, 137, 193, 194. 

MH 

& Co 148. 

M & H, 175. 

MH (conjoined), 26, 45, 116, 201. 

MI, 69, 72, 745 75, 80, 167. 

MILNE 

A BDN § 75° 

MK, 58, 59, 189, 194, 196, 210. 

MK (conjoined), 171, 187. 

ML, 81, 142, 208. 

ML (conjoined), 78, 146, 187. 

MM, 64, 96. 

MM, 125. 

M MILLER, 128. 

MN, 195. 

MO, 71, 73s 745 78. 

MO (in monogram), 6%, 66. 

Mo, 120. 

MON, 202. 

MONTYIOY T, 207. 

MOORE J, 203. 

MORES, 118. 

MOSLEY, 197. 

MP, 82, 93, 100. 

MP (conjoined), 57, 59- 

MR, 76, 201. 

M & R, 128, 173, 179. 

MR (conjoined), 166, 187. 

MR, 91. 

MS, 61, 103, 194, 201, 203, 204. 

M & S, 173, 174, 179. 

MS, 121. 

MS 

ES t 03. 

MT, 196. 

M &T, 151. 

MT (conjoined), 200. 

M U, 165. 

Mu, 120. 


Mullet, a, 37, 38; and annulet, 25, 41, 42; and 
pellet, 25, 41; between a pair of compasses, 
40; enclosed in a crescent, 24, 25, 42, 46, 47; 
over a scallop, 26, 47. 

Mullets, 3 over a crescent, 25, 38. 

MV (conjoined), 161. 

MV (in monogram), 106. 

MW, 56, 60, 89, 172, 194, 210. 

M & W, 149. 

MW (in monogram), 23, 35, 435 149. 

MW (linked), 209. 

MW (in monogram), 193. 

HUG & Co, 151. 

MW & S, 203. 

MW & SS, 195. 

MY, 171. 

MY & SONS, 131. 

MZ, 177. 


N, 45, 198. 

IN, $6; 79. 

NA, 74. 

NB, 53, 61. 

NB (conjoined), 166. 

NB (in monogram), 24, 37. 
NB (conjoined), 132. 
NBS, 139. 

DRS om 77, 130. 


ND, 96. 
NE, 78. 


Ne, 66, 69, 71, 73: 

Newt, on a barrel, 25, 41. 
Negro’s head, a, 36. 

NEILL, 196. 

NEILL SD, 197. 

NG, 29, 60, 61, 62, 77, 167, 182. 
NG (plain and reversed), 164. 
NH, 97, 184. 

N & H, 145. 

NH (conjoined), 153, 164. 
NA, 93+ 

NI, 65, 66, 77. 

NI or IN (in monogram), 29, 42. 
NICOLSON, 202, 206. 

NL, 63, 137. 

NM, 32, 104, 143, 144, 201. 
NO (in monogram), 25, 40. 
NR, 44, 45. 

N &R, 143. 

NR (conjoined), 40, 42. 

NS, 151. 

NS & CO., 147. 

NS (in monogram), 38. 

NS, 87. 

NT (conjoined), 164, 170. 
NV, 193. 


226 Index to British and Irish Marks a 


NW, 27, 50, 575 59, 89. 
B, 195. 


O, 187. 

Ob, 66. 

O BRIEN, 207. 

OC, 

Oc t sor. 

& D, 197. 

OF or FO (in monogram), 61. 
OG, 54. 

OI, 96. 

OI or IO, 57. 

OJ » 95. 

Olive branch, bird holding, 43. 
OM, 50. 

O enclosing R, 63. 

Orange, an, 157. 


Orb and Cross, 23, 24, 35, 36, 39) 41, 44) 525 


113, 114, 115, 168. 
Orb and Cross between letters IC, 36. 
Orb and Star, 48, 49. 
OS, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61. 
OSBORN, 119. 
OSWALD, 129. 
O Enclosing V, 78. 
@b, 66. 
Owl holding a mouse, 48, 49. 
OY, 67, 131. 


P, 60, 63, 79, 177: 
P & Co. (A Calcutta mark), 163. 
Py 13%, 200. 
PA, 65, 69, 70, 725 735 79s 179: 
» 86, 87. 
Pa, 68, 74. 
Pa, 72. 
PA JR, 180. 
PA PM, 29, go. 
PARMY, 164. 
PARR, in conjunction with a peacock, 164. 
PB, 26 i 48, $2, 7) 83, 84, 131, 170. 
PB,8 89. 
PS ta ‘monogram), 58. 


PB 
AB 100. 

PB 

AB bron 

WB 

PB oo, | 
PB 


PC, 38, 78, 79, 86, 100, 154, 177, 209. 
PC, 84, 88, 91. 

PC & S, 173. 

PD, 53, 55, 95, 164, 166, 167, 196, 201. 


PE, 28, 66, 69, 71, 73, 2, 79 
PE. Ye pan 132. 


Pe, 68, 76, 77 
Peacock, a, 164. 
Pegasus, a, 47, I15. 
Pelican, a, 40, 115. 
Pellets, in a circle, 157. 
PF, 96, 168, 202. 


PG, 48, 77> 89, 95 99, 171, 179 1, 187, 
PG (in icomosrasnh: at: fi 


PH, 58, 64, 74, 78, 184. 
PH (in meen 26, 47. 


PL, 09 7 77 131, 159, 208. 


Pig and bell, a, 160. EY aes 
Pig below the letters WC, 25, ge ah 
Pike’s head or luce’s heat, PY fo Manage 
Pillar, a, between the letters big 495 
the letters IS, 61. — 


PL, & 68, 72, 81, 89, 120, 13h 138 


PL ‘in monogram), 58. 
Plant, a, 23, 35. 
Plant, a growing, Ps his 
Plume of three feathers, 1 32, 195. 2 
PM, 59, 60, 107, 108, 173, 19543 202. 
PM (conjoined), 171. : 
PM (in moncene. s+ = ees eae 


95- 
PN’ (conjoined), 170. 
PN " noe bees 


PR, 60, 67, 70, 75, 16, ™9 om Bc 
172, 182, 200. : 


PR ieee - 


PS i monogram, les 


BRITANNIA 


FP; 53 545 755 81, 845 oe 109, 307 ee: 


103. 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


PT, 79» 91, 161, 17], 199. 

PV, 93. 

PW, 33; 42, 89, 195, 203, 206, 207. 
PW 


Quatrefoil, or four-petaled rose, 120, 162; 
formed of four hearts, 165; formed of four 
hearts each charged with 3 pellets, a pellet in 
the centre, 166; charged with 5 pellets, 118. 

Queen’s head, a, 24, 37. 

QUICK with a bird, 164. 


R, 155, 164, 166, 208, 210. 

R, 163. 

RA, 27, 39, 49, 52, 56, 60, 69, 70, 71, 82, 86, 
87, 138, 161, 187, 202, 205. 

R & A, 173. 

R A, 86. 

Ra, 67, 126. 

Ra, 28, 68, 70, 71. 

RADCLIFF, 119. 

RA GH, 82. 

RAM 

SEY {123 

Rat or a mouse, sejant, 184. 

RA 

Ws 104: 

RB, 26, 32, 38, 42, 45, 47, 49, 60, 76, 81, 82, 
83, 91, 106, 125, 135, 137, 171, 173, 190, 195, 
202. 

R & B, 149. 

RB (in monogram), 41, 166. 

RB, 29, 84, 85, 86, 334. 

RB (in monogram), 178. 

RB, 29, 78. 

RB CF (in separate stamps), 141. 

RB & R, 102. 

RC, 26, 29, 31, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 58, 79, 
86, 89, 98, 101, 102, 104, 107, 108, 153, 165, 
172, 193, 194, 195, 201, 203. 

RC (in monogram), 62. 


RD, 26, 27, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55, 63, 131, 179, 186, 
197, 203, 207. 


227 


R & D, 121. 

RD (in monogram), 24, 37, 38, 39, 170. 

RD 

IB (52: 

RE, 40, 62, 69, 78, 120, 203. 

RE or ER (in monogram), 39. 

Re, 70, 71. 

REA, 143. 

RE 

EB ¢ 103: 

REILLY, 206. 

RE SL, 68. 

RE 

ves 

RF, 42, 51, 52, 53, 80, 122, 200. 

RF (conjoined), 63, 157. 

RG, 32, 46, 49, 55, 62, 63, 64, 75, 79, 80, 90, 
100, IOI, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 127, 136, 
151, 169, 170, 173, 179, 185, 186, 195, 204, 
205, 207. 

RG, 85, 90, 104, 172. 

RG, 103. 

RGH, 32, 106. 

RG & S, 173, 179, 180. 

RG TC, 29, 83, 89. 

RG TC, 8s. 

RH, 29, 32, 33, 48, 495 55, 58, 61, 80, 9°, 98, 
100, 104, 105, 107, 109, 161, 166, 167, 185, 
193, 199, 203. 

RH (conjoined), 39, 119, 164. 

RH (in monogram), 25, 40, 118. 

RH, 84, 193. 


R HUTCHINSON, 159. 


RH 
SH (31 102. 


RI, 26, 47, 59, 61, 68, 70, 73, 80, 91, 96, 99, 
135, 136, 171, 187, 206, 208. 


RI 
Is bo7 


Ring and crescent, a, 167. 


R 

1595 

RJ, 151. 

RK, 38, 46, 50, 55, 58, 60, 88, 108, 151, 171, 
186, 198. 

RL, 52, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 78, 79, 137, 178, 
202. : 

RL, 85. 

RLC, 174 


‘Ae ee Pee 
e 4 a 


oR 
& Co. 842 


ip id d ig PF, 
: oe Bi: 
re . ae - a gous ee i ee: 
228 I ioe to British ee Tash as oa 
RL™ , 198.7 : R & TW, 145. 


RM, 26, 29, 38, 45, 47) 495 515 535 63, 81, 82, 
100, 127, 147, 164, 166, 205. 


EY 


RM (conjoined), 42. 

RM (in monogram), 27, 56. 
RM, 127- 3 
RMG, 174. ee 
RMcG, 186. : 


RM 
EH (33> 148, 149. 
RM JD, 30, 97- 


RN, 26, 46, 51, 9, 55; 174, 185, 187, hss eae 

RO, 48, 67, 70, 715 72s'73s 75s 76 118, 119, 131, 
1395 157, 166. 

Ro, 29, 65, 66, 735 77> 133 © 

Ro, 7O- 

ROE W, 206. 

RPS, 200. 

Rose, a, 25, 37, 41; double-seeded, 575 164; ' 
four-petaled seeded, 41; slipped or sprig, ay 
165. 

Rose and crown, a, 24, 36. 

Rowe Plmo Britan, 159. 

Rowe New St Ply°, 159. 

RP, 27, 41, 43, 445 46, 50, 54, 55, 59, Pe 82, 
93, 94, 96, 104, 128, 134, 161, 166, 167, 200, 
205. 


RP (conjoined), 166. 


RP 


RR, ac 51, 92, 9551 102, 131, 134, 135, 154, 166, . 


RR isnt cinedt) 134. 

RR, 96. 

R & RK, 174, 186. 

RS, 25, 26, 27, 41, 44, 455° 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 
$4, 555 57» 58, 60, 77, 81, 87, 100, 121, 122, 
126, 128, 138, 147, 151, 157, 165, 166, 167, 
168, 180, 184, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 
203, 204, 206. 

R & S, 151, 182, 190. 

RS, 32, 104, 105, 201. 

RS DS, 30, 96. 

RT, 30, 63, 86, 93, 194, 202. 

R TIMBRELL, 62. 


—S with crescent (or letter oe 


Se, 36. 


RW, 26, 41, 42, 44s 46 > 48) ne - 2, 0. 
77> 79, 83> 107, 108, 131, 132, 162, 164, | 
188, 194, 200, 201,210, SF, 

R& W, 174, 198. 


R 

WwW 46, 49, 51, 165. 
RWS, 203. 

RYAN & Co, 196. 
RZ, 29, 84. 

RZ, 85. 


Sy hts 505 SI he 168, ion 200. 
S (fringed), 24, 35, 36, a7 

S (on a cross), 25, 41. 
S (on an anchor), 177. 


SA. Gi ‘ monogram), 5, sy 
Sq, 120. 

Sa, 125, 133, 193, 200 1 
SALMON, 169. > ae 
SA WI, 92. ae 


195, 203, 205. 
SBH, 34. 


TB (102: 
SC, 27, 29, $5, a 78, 88, e! 
128, 173 200, 206.5 = 
Sc, 66. or 


Sceptre, a 23, 24, Sr 
SC 

1c $95" ae 
Scorpion, a, 24, 36. 
SCOTT. 5, a. oe 


Sty: = ee 
& Co. ba, 148,22 
SD, 61, 62, 93, 100, 18% 
SE, 23,60, 92.400" i 
SE (in monogram), 4g 4 
Se, 73- 
SERPENT, a, a 36. 
SEYMOUR, 207. 
Shiai, 


wo. SG 


Ay 


SH, 29, 31, $75 59> 65, 66, 793 71) 73> 749 75> ° 


78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 94, 95, IOI, 102, 
103, 148, 167. 

SH (in monogram), 63. 

SH (linked), 58. 

SH, 84, 85, 88. 

SB, 29, 85. 

Sh, 126. 

Sheaf of arrows, a, 37. 

SHEFHAN, 206. 

SHEED, a, 23, 36. 

SH HB, 89, 92, 94. 

Ship, a, 44, 115, 205. 

SHIP between two towers or castles, 204. 

Ship in full sail, 184, 204. 

Ship and castle, 169. 

SH 

SH 

Hr 20, 62, 67, 78, 83, 128. 

SI or IS. fin monogram), 25, 38, 425 45, 56, 64, 
171s 

Pra2tO. 

SINGLETON, 203. 

Bip ios, P41. 

SF, 88, 209. 

f SJ, 85. 

i, 375 151, 165. 

SK & Co., 151. 

SK, 87. 

_ Skull and cross bones above the letter ¥, 200. 

vie 00, 70, 72, 74, 70, 80, 81, 120, 125. 

SL (in monogram), 63, 64. 

SL, go, 92. 

hy 125) 


be SL’B, 106. 


SiG, $2. 
Se 203. 


; te) SM, 39, 65, 70, 73> 745 81, 88, 995 167, see get does Te 


Pry som, 68 
TON, 68; 395. 


peescn.N, 148. 
Soe SNALL. a, 40. 
SO, 43, 44, 45, 68, 77, 151. 
Pee eSWOILY , 123. 
fe SOLOMON I, 207. 
Seri 41, 74, 70, 80, 81, 82, 101, 141, 142, 146, 


204, 209. 


ft -gp (in monogram), 167. 


SP, 146. 


i , Spray of leaves, 24, 37. 
Spur, a, 38. 


ES  $Q, 76, 139. 


Bsireel, &, 20, 43- 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


229 


SR, 38, §2, 55, 57, 86, 151, 167, 202, 206, 
R, 139. 

SR & Co, 147. 

SR (conjoined), 156. 

SR 


GOeiCo (4L 

SR 

SS, 27, 33. 54, 56, 90, 91, 166, 167. 
S405 tao. 


S 
SR bros 
IED 


m1 5.03, 06; 73, 745 179) 201, 203. 

ST or TS (in monogram), 43, 58, 62, 115. 

1 128. 

St, 89, 92. 

St, 68, 71, 72, 73: 

St, 72. 

Staff, a pastoral, 23, 35. 

Stag above the letters RO, 7 

Stag’s head, a, 24, 37. 

Star, a, 164, 165, 182, 190; over an orb, 48, 493 
a radiant, 25, 38. 

Stars enclosed by a crescent, 38. 

Staves or clubs, in saltire, 45; in a heart above, 
42; between the letters BT, 44. . 

SE 

H& rt Ped: 

de 

wid & 

N& uf iar 

Storks, three, 62. 


Sun in splendour, 25, 38, 40, 41, 42, 48, 113. 

Sun, a rising, 23, 35. 

Sunflower, a, 167. 

SV, 27, 495 50, 51, 525 545 55, 06. 

S over V with TG stamped separately, 166. 

SW, 30, 74, 75, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 91, 92, 99, 
162, 120,139,151, 299, 194. 

wt 26, 47, 62, 64. 

eae VV 20K: 

SW (in monogram), 23, 35. 

SW, 29, 86, 87, 95, 210. 

SU, 92, 96. 

Swan, a, 46, 167; below the letters GF, 167. 

Swan’s head erased, 24, 37. 

Sword, a, 24, 36; and ribbon, 132; in pale, be- 
tween the letters CS, 27, 51. 

SWS, 335 145- 


230 


SW WALSH, 205. 
SY, E25. 
Sp, 66, 67, 68, 120, 121. 


T, 41, 42, 43) 445 160, 165, 166, 170, 171, 187. 

T & Co., 187. 

T incuse, with three pellets, 36. 

oa 

TA, 39, 445 455 525 53s 54 57» 58, 59; 60, 61, 62, 
63, 72s 74s 75s 79s 102, 1355 202, 203, 206. 


TA, 95: 
TA (in monogram), §9. 


ia, 133 

TAC (in monogram), 52 

TAIT, 172. 

TALBOT, 131. 

Tau, 38, 43- 

TB, 40, 47, 60, 64, 79, 89, 91, 103, 121, 123, 
162, 187, 192, 197, 201, 203, 209. 

TB & Co, 147, 167. 

TB (in monogram), 26, 39, 45, 46, 120. 

TB, 85, 127. 

TB (conjoined), 192, 193, 200. 

TB (in monogram), 26, 48, 51, 52, 57, 200, 
210. 

Tb (in monogram), 49. 


?, 


T B BROWN, 210. 
TBE (in monogram), 54. 
TB OL, 94. 
TB 
& S{ 15% 
TC, 26, 44, 45, 57, 58, 79, 80, 88, 90, 92, 95; 
99, 105, 121, 125, 138, 139, 166, 178, 202, 206. 
TC or CT (in ‘monogram), 51, 54, 60, 170, ve 
TC (in monogram), 82. 
Te, 113. 
T COLGAN, 189. 
TCS, 104. 
TC WC, 94. 
c 


T 

WC (94 

TD, 27, 52, 56, 92, 96, og 101, 104, 156, 173, 
184, 201, 206. 

TD (Gin monogram); 48. 


TD, 93 94- % 
TD (in monogram), 60. 


~ TEo (in monogram), 39- 


TE, 29, 30, 46, 48, 58, 59 14 
104, 122, 203. we 
TE (in monogram), si af S71 
TE, 85, 122, 
TEB (in monogram), 59. 


TE 
Gs : 93- 
TEH (TE con oined), 54. 


TF, 25; 26, 29, 42, 43, 455 67 % 7 95s 86, 


Mm 


166, 206. 


TG, 86, pt 


IC 


102, 107, 116, 117, gs, 13h 135) 


154, 165, 190, 202, — 
T & H, 179. 


TH (in ohana 395 ® se. 
TH, 91,939 95: «aoe 
TH (conjoined), 63. ae 
Th (in monogram), 450 eke 


Ay 

Git 32, 104. 
TH 

Ic 4» Io!. 


Ti Be, 72- 
TIMBRELL R, 62. 


TI 
T& 1S, Is. . ro 
TJ, 102,175,194. 
TY, 67, 87,151. 
TJB, 207. a. 
ply ajo oe Breet 
TJ & NC, 151. ee 
TK, 27, 535 555 635 1715 198 

r & K, 146. ; 
TK (conjoined), 170. 
TK, 201. 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


TK 

JF t 203. 
TL, 40, 53, 54, 56, 58, 62, 80, 86, 96, 147, 185. 
rL (in monogram), 24, 37. 

if ROTTS 

T LAW, 147. 


DL ( 147: 

TM, 27, 555 59s 753 77» 79s 81; 83, 85, 99, 102, 
108, 134, 135, 168, 178, 195, 196, 200, 202, 
204. 


4% 

Mt 52 52, 165. 

TM (conjoined), 158, 166, 171, 182. 
TM (in monogram), 27, 54, 58, 60. 
TM, 89. 

TM, 85, 89, 127. 

T MONTYJOY, 207. 

TN, 42, 100, 137, 146, 202. 

TN (in monogram), 25, 42. 

TN, 30. 


GBt 1 

TO, 99, 203. 

To, 65. 

To, 120. 

TOLEKEN, 207. 

TOLLAND, 207. 

Towers, or castle mark, 27, 57. 

TP, 26, 44, 495 53» 545 61, 82, 95, 99, 127, 135, 
143, 151, 193, 202, 208. 

eel; 123: 

TP (conjoined), 165. 

af, 08, 97. 


& §{ 139: 

T Pye (the first two letters conjoined), 85. 

TR, 27, 325 53, 57» 715 76, 84, 90, 101, 102, 103, 
120, 127, 131, 139, 148, 195, 203. 

TR (conjoined), 157, 160. 

TR (in monogram) over the letter W, 44. 

TR, 85, 102, 200. 

Tf, 66,125, 

TRB (in monogram), 61. 

Tree, a, 26, 46, 47, 168. 


231 


Trefoil, a, 25, 26, 40, 45, 46, 165, 209. 
Trefoils, three, 40, 41, 43. See a/so Leaf. 
Trellis; a, 23,35: 

Triangle intersected, 43. 

TR & S, 143. 

TS, 25, 29, 42, 435 54s 59 62, 89, 96, 97, 99, 00, 
102, 106, 114, 121, 131, 143, 165, 184, 185, 
187, 193, 200, 202. 

TS (in monogram), 43, 58, 62, 115, 156, 162. 

T intersecting S, 153, 167. 

TS, 120. 

TSOI, 62. 

TS HE (in monogram), 146. 

TSW, 203. 

od 27, 20.80.25 62,580.90, 95) 96, 201,203. 

Tah tao. 

TT & Co. (in separate stamps), 146. 

TT, 84. 

Tu, 76, 109. 

Tu, 70. 

TUN, or barrel, a, 23, 35. 

LV, 47, O85 73s 100, 

TW, 24, 36, 71, 78, 83, 94, 97, 99, 100, 106, 
P20, 2920511905197, 898, 141, 1425/9 $3,168, 
193, 200, 202, 209. 


w{ 107: 

T & W, 90, 195, 196, 207. 
TW & Co., 147. 

TW (conjoined), 107. 

TW (in monogram), 43, 44- 
TW, 84, 87, 91, 102, 129. 
TW (conjoined), 60. 

TW CW, 93. 

TWD, 145. 

TW 

JH tr02. 

TWM, 207. 

TW WW, 87. 

TWY +, 195. 

TX, 37k 

TYZ (in monogram), 26, 45. 
TZ, 59, 64. 


U & B, 143. 
Unicorn’s head, 45. 


VB (conjoined), 191. 

VC, 166. 

VC (in monogram), 170. 
Viswa. 

VN, 67. 

VR, 143. 

V & Rory. 

VS, 40, 48. 

VS (in monogram), 182, 185. 


~ 


232 a Index to British 


W, 23, 24, 25, 355 37s 38, 425 445 126, 146, 156, 
160, 164, 165, 166, 193, 210. 

WwW enclosed by acrescent, 24, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45- 

W inverted, or M, 24, 37. 

W over a crescent, 24, 37- 


W & Co., 19 


WA, 395 67, 68, 69, 72, 795 89, 94, 99, 100, 103, 
139, 171, 172, 173, 193, 196, 199. 


W A& Co,, 148. 
WA 
& Co. 148. 


WA (conjoined), 68. 
WA (in monogram), §7. 
WA, 192. 
Wa, 66, 67, 70, 73, 95: 
WALDRON 
SKIBBEREEN 
Wallet hook, a, 25, 39; palewise, on a cross 
bendwise, 25, 38. | 


198. 


WA &S, 180. 

WAP (linked), 166. 

WATERHOUSE, 196. 

WB, 32, 60, 61, 62, 81, 87, 88, 90, 92, 95, 98, 
IOI, 103, 104, 105, 108, 11g, 131, 147, 180, 
183, 185, 194, 201, 202, 204, 205. 

W B& Co., 148. 

WB 

& Co.f 157 

WB (conjoined), 108, 205. 

WB, 32, 90, 91, 101, 103, 127, 192, 194, 201. 


WB (conjoined), 200. 


WB 
ee t 32, 104. 


hen 
Phe 


B (hee 120. \ 
WB JP, 91. 


RS (102: 
WB 


wc, : = 27, 325 335 sy: 38, 40, 45, es 475 48, . 


49, 50, 51, 52, 535 575 61, 87, 90, 91, 925 93, 
94, 96, 103, 104, 138, 167, 173, 1745 77 178, 
184, 185, 191, 194, 195, 197, 203. 

WC in shield below three pellets, 51. . 

WC above a pig, 25, 38. 

WC (conjoined), 41. 

WC, 166, 193, 204. 

WC (conjoined), 167. 


eo I rish M. Z 
We (conjoined), 165. ‘ 


WCR&S, 175. 


_ WE, 25, 63, 65, 79 8, 96, 9 9% oc 


WF (conjoined), 94, 10,13 


WG (conjoined), 55. 


WC 
PC t 73. 
WC rae : 


147, 172, "192, 195, 202. 2 
WD (conjoined), 116, 152, 210. 
WD, 127; 172; 193- 


WE Abonioiecs: 120. 
We & SNS 

WE, 104. 

We, 72, 73- 


WE 
WE ba 102. 
wc 


WE, 29, 30, 32, 46, 595 75s 80, 
100, 102, 143, 1745 Piss 201, 
WF (conjoined), 57,60. 


re 94+ 


ae 149. 

WF ti 
DP 100. 
WEG, 202, au 
WE 


WG, 27,81, $45 55) Sp 
166, 167, 171, 172, 


WG, 29, 86, 88, 91, 9S | 
WG, 29, 85, § 88. . 

WG EF, 97. 
WG PC, 87. 


ne 
101, 104, 106, 135s 
210. 
W & H, 149, 150, bi e 
WH (conjoined), 55) 114. 
WH, 87, 9°, 194, 203- 


Wh, 68, 78. 
Mh, 92, 126. 
‘Wheel, a, 167. 
WHELPLEY, 207. 
WHELPLY, 207. 


WH & SS Ld., 34. 

WHT, 184, 203. 

WH WC, 97. 

WI, 26, 43, 58, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 73» 74s 75 
79, 80, 81, 90, 109, 120, 166,,171. 

Wi, 125. 

2 WLID, 93. 

Windmill, a, 25, 41. 

Wine skin, a, 43- 

W & IP, 196. 

WI SA, 92. 

WI TAIN, 188. 

WJ, 34, 136, 151, 183, 202. 

WTF, 101, 194. 

wy, 85. 

WJG, 198. 

W & JM, 175. 

WJM’D, 174. 

W & JW, 131. ae 

WK, 83, 88, 93, 102, 175, 185. 

W & K, 142. 

WK 

& Cost a 

WK (conjoined), 60, 64. 

WK, 202. 

WK, 29, 84. 

WER, 32, 105. 

WL, 60, 755 76, 82, 92, 100, 129, 179, 184, 188, 
192, 194, 196, 203. 

W&L, 197. | 

_ WL (conjoined), 45, 170, 171. 

PL 129, 210. 

WLB, 96. 

WL 

CL bray 

WL 

WM, 27, 33> 495 50> 51s 52s 53, 54s 60, 61, 62, 

76, 82, 92, 105, 108, 174, 186, 188, 192, 195, 

905, 200. ; 


26, 48. 


& Co. 166. 

WM (conjoined), 182. 
WM (in monogram), 88. 
W MARTIN, 205. 


MD | 
151 


WM 


MD 


Index to British and Irish Marks 


233 


WN, 53, 57, 61, 139, 148, 174, 178, 195, 203, 
204. 

WN, 204, 205. 

WO, 76, 77, 120. ” 

WP, 29, 31, 62, 74, 81, 87, 925 95, 995 97.99% 
IOI, 121, 122, 123, 136, 142, 143, 179, 195» 
196, 202. 

W fb 197: 

WP (conjoined), 127, 167. 


WwQ, 197+ 

WR, 26, 44, 455 46, 48, 60, 81, 99, 106, 126, 
131, 139, 166, 173, 186, 195, 205. 

WR (conjoined), 56, 106, 126, 134, 161, 166. 

W & R, 197. 

WR, 91, 1945 205- 

WR (conjoined), 205. 

W ROE, 206. 

WRS, 32, 105, 123. 

WR 

S b 32, 105. 

WS, 27, 32, 33s 42s 47s 48, 50, 575 59s 62, 775 79s 
82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 925 93» 95> 96s 99s 1025 


103, 104, 123, 131, 138, 139, 171, 182, 184, 
185, 186, 194, 195, 198, 200, 202, 207, 210. 


W 

S bs7, 63, 75: 

W &S, 151, 197, 198. 

WS (linked), 27, 47, 495 57- 
WS, 84, 85. 

WS (linked), 57. 


WS WP, 99, 92. 

WT, 39, 49, 49> 5°, 76, 785 945 955 96, 98, 995 
103, 130, 135, 172, 193, 194, 195, 201; 206, 
207, 210. 

WT & Co., 147, 151. 


234 
WT, 91, 93 


IT (272 
WT MC (in separate stamps), 201. 


WV Ga. monogram), 64. 
WV IL, 30, 93. 
WV 


bY Ws te 


» 27, 54, 56, 57» 82, 88, 89, 122, 123, 127, 
151, 167, 183, 193, 194, 195, 199, 201, 203, 


209. 
W & W, 198. 
WW & SONS, 131. 
WW (conjoined), 108, 166. 
WW (in monogram), 50. 
WW, 89. 
WW (conjoined), 84. 
WW (linked), 55, 209 
WB, 32, 103, 122, 127. 
W Wa, 93. 
WWH,, 151. 
Ww 


WED, 85. 


_ZTY (in monogram), 


Wyvern, a, 164. | 
Wyvern’s head, aaa incuse 
WZ, 160, 173. 


X, 118, 165. 


YEDS, 118. 
YG & H, 147; 18s 
YI, 56. 


ZB (the Z reversed), 1 


CHAPTER XXII 


Early American Silver 


“ % “HE earliest “American” silversmith was the Englishman, 
te 4h # John Hull, who became the first mint master in Boston, 
i a + in 1652. Hull, his contemporaries and successors, Dix- 
well, Dummer, Coney, Winslow, David Jesse, and many others, 
were all prominent in the civic life of the colonies. It is fortunate 
for us that during most of the Colonial period very high artistic 
standards prevailed in England, for the fashions of the new 
country were faithfully modelled upon those prevailing in the old. 

A higher standard of intelligence seemed to prevail among the 
Colonial silversmiths, and it is generally conceded that the aver- 
age quality of their production was higher than that in England. 

In spite of the apparent temptation to fabricate early American 
silver with forged names or marks, instances of that practice 
must be extremely rare. Offences of that sort are very apt to 
reach the courts and the newspapers, and the writer, though for 
many years interested in the subject, has never heard of a case 
or seen one instance of deliberate forgery. 

Conditions of life were singularly stable in the American 
colonies, continuing so even during the throes of the Revolution- 
ary War. Specimens of the handiwork of New England silver- 
smiths would only be exposed to destruction when they drifted 
into the possession of Southern families whose personal belong- 
ings were, in many instances, destroyed during the Civil War. 
Consequently, a large part of the products of New England and 
New York silversmiths has been handed down to us. 

235 


236 Early American Silver 


New York had a group of silversmiths whose work in the first 
half of the Eighteenth Century was clearly distinguishable from 
that of their New England contemporaries because of its Dutch 
and French characteristics. 

At the close of the Eighteenth Century, such distinctions seem 
to have disappeared, and we can only distinguish the place of 
origin of American silver at that period by its marks. One excep- 
tion to this statement may be made. In 1810-1820, the silver- 
smiths of Philadelphia had an objectionable habit of soldering 
moulded or stamped silver strips with a stereotyped decoration 
around the necks and bases of pieces belonging to tea and coffee 
sets. 

After spinning and stamping silver came into general use, alse 
1840, the factory supplanted the silversmith. One or two silver- 
smiths have continued to turn out handwrought silver up to the 
present time, but their work is not “Early Americana.” 

In the very early Colonial days our silversmiths closely 
followed the fashion of marking employed by their English 
fellow craftsmen; they used their initials with some symbol. 
A little later, the use of a symbol became less frequent 
and it became more common for the workman to impress 
his entire name, with or without his initials. In the last quarter 
of the Eighteenth Century that practice had become almost 
universal, as had also the use of Roman letters, frequently all 
capitals. Unless otherwise specified, the reader will know that 
that type was employed. 

In nearly every case, the American silvers ied Roman 
capitals to designate their ware. In some cases, both capitals and. 
small letters were employed: “John Brown,” for example. The 
marks given in the following tables will show the form used, 
without any qualifications being necessary except the word 
“script,” where that type had been employed by the silversmiths. 


Early American Silver 237 


The author has been enabled to give some twenty-five or thirty 
or more marks than have hitherto been published in books on 
this subject. | 

The following list has been compiled from different sources. 
Some of the names and the respective locations of those bearing 
them have been gleaned from directories and the columns of old 
newspapers. The term “silversmith” is often inaccurately 

applied in both mediums and at this time it is not always pos- 
sible to distinguish between the retailer and actual worker in 

~ silver. Many silversmiths, beginning with the Nineteenth Century, 
‘stamped the names of the retailer upon their wares. The custom 
still prevails. Hence even where the name appearing here has 

| been taken from a piece of silver, it may have designated a 
dealer. Of course this caution does not apply to pieces marked 
with initials only or a symbol (device). 

I have thought it wise to make the list as comprehensive as 
possible, and though that course excludes the possibility of strict 
discrimination, it does enable one at least to fix the period and 
place of production and does not present any difficulty in regard 
to those silversmiths whose work is the most highly prized. 

Abbreviations: D means that the name appeared in the local 
directory of the year given: c. stands for circa; F for Freeman; 
when two dates are shown (1735-1815), they represent the birth 
and death year of the silversmith; hyphen followed by date (e.g. 
-1815) signifies the date of the demise; one date followed by 
hyphen (e.g., 1735—), the date of birth. A date alone, if unquali- 
fied, means that the subject was working at that period. 

Follows a key to the descriptive words used in connection with 
the marks: 


KEY TO TERMS U 
et | 'WAVY-LINED 
CARTOUCHE eeleiter 


\ 


SED 


CARTOUCHE 


: QUATREFOIL 
DOUBLE 


| SHAPED > 
RADIANT a CARTOUCHE 
SUN | 


A SPOUT-CUP. BY” JOHN: CONEY* (BOSTON 160251722) 
The property of Major Cortlandt Parker, U. S. A. 


a} 
4 
i 
1 
r 
fim 
te 


SILVERSMITHS 


Aaron, Joseph 
Abbott, John W. 
Ackerman, David 
Ackley, Francis W. 
Acton, George 
Adan, J. 


Adam, John B. 
Adams, John 


Adams, Jonathan 
Adams, Pygan 


Adams, William 


Adgate, William 
Adriance, E. 


Aiken, George 


Ainsworth, Michael 
Aitken, John 


Aitkins, W. 

Aldis, Charles 
Alexander, A. 
Alexander, Samuel 


Alford, Samuel 
Alford, Thomas 
Allen, C. 

Allen, James 
Allen, Joel 
Allen, John 


Allen, John 
Allen, Richard 
Allen, Robert 
Allen, Thomas 


Allen & Edwards 


CHAPTER XXIII 
American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


MARKS 


tT 
JABBOT in rectangle 
F.ACKLEY in rectangle 


JA (script) in oval and J Adam (script) 
in shaped rectangle; I-ADAM in 
shaded rectangle 


J A (script) corjoined in rectangle 


PA in shaped rectangle and P.A. in 
rectangle 

W.ADAMS and NEW YORK, each in 
serrated rectangle 


E.ADRIANCE, ST.LOUIS, in two 
rectangles 
G.Aiken in oval; G.Aiken (script) in 


cartouche 


I Aitkin (script) in rectangle and 
JAIKEN in rectangle 


S‘ALEXANDER in rectangle and a 
bird in kite 


C ALLEN in rectangle 


IA in cartouche, IA in oval, IA in 
shaped rectangle 


{BH i 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
{I desire to express my obligation to Mr. Stephen G. C. Ensko for his courteous permission to re- 
produce the facsimiles of American makers’ marks on this and the following pages; they have been taken 
from American Silversmiths and Their Marks. Mr. Ensko’s book contains a very great number of such fac- 
- similes and is on sale in his shop at 682 Lexington Avenue, New York City. 


239 


LOCATIONS 
Philadelphia 
Portsmouth, N. H. 
New York City 


Alexandria, Va. 
New Orleans, La. 
Alexandria, Va. 
Dist. of Col. 
Philadelphia 


New London, Conn. 


New York City 


Norwich, Conn. 
St. Louis, Mo. 


Baltimore, Md. 
Fred’k Co., Va. 


Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


Not traced 
Philadelphia 
Middletown, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


PERIOD 


1798 
1839 
1818 


1797 
1795 


1800 
1822 


1829 
1783 


1736 
1830 
1767 
1820 


1815 
755 


1785 
1802 
1814 
1802 


1797 
1840 
1762 


c. 1760 


1720 
1787 


Pee a ae ae ye 
N bia ave rf 


; Aa ntte™ aa ie ag 
? om a oe has he Ree 
: hy bes Re ie aga an 
240 American Silversmiths 
SILVERSMITHS MARKS 

Allison, Peter t 
Alstyne, Jeronimus 
Anderson, William WA in oblong 


Andras, William 
Andras & Richard 
Andreas, Abraham 
Andrew, John 


Andrews, Abraham 
Andrews, Henry 
Andrews, Joseph 


Andrews, Jeremiah 
Anthony, Joseph 
Anthony, Joseph, Jr. 


Anthony, Joseph & Sons 
Anthony, L. D. 
Anthony, M. H. & T. 
Anthony, Michael H. 
Anthony, Thomas 
Anthony, William 
Anwy], Kenrick 

Archie, John 
Armstrong, Allen 


Armstrong, John 
Armstrong, William 
Arnold, Thomas 


Ashmead, William 
Atherton, Nathan’ 
Atkinson, Isaac 
Atlee, Charles 
Atterbury, J. 
Austen, David 
Austin, Benjamin 
Austin, Ebenezer 


Austin, Ebenezer J. . 
Austin, John 
Austin, Josiah 


Austin, Nathaniel 
Austin & Boyer 
Avery, John 

Avery, John, Jr. 
Avery, Robert Stanton 
Avery, Samuel 

Avery, William. 
Avery, Willis & Billis 
Ayres, S. és 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


I ANDREWS in rectangle and NOR- 


ANDRAS in rectangle 
A & R in rectangle 


I-ANDREW in rectangle; J.Andrews 
(script) in cartouche 


FOLK in rectangle; J] ANDREWS — : *Sckaeaaiee 

in shaped rectangle Norfolk, Va. 

Philadelphia — 

J. Anthony (script) in shaped rec- 

tangle; J A (script) in rectangle Bees 
Protidenay ae L. ‘ : 


A-Armstrong and Phia’ each in script — 
and rectangle 


TARNOLD, T A, TA, each in rec- 
tangle 


AUSTIN in cartouche, E A in rec- 
tangle 


sien ih in FIBERS 


I. Aone (script) in Sten I: Aa in 
rectangle, and I-AUSTEN in rec- 
tangle 

N-A: and AUSTIN, each in Sa 

I-Austin in oblong, Boyer in cartouche 

IA and JAVERY 1 in rectangle 


S.AYERS-LEX.K. on riband 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Babcock, Samuel 
Bacall, Thomas 
Backus, Delucine 


Baielle, Lewis 
Bailey, Benjamin 


"Bailey, E. E. & S. C. 


Bailey, Edward 
Bailey, Henry 


Bailey, John 


Bailey, Loring 
Bailey, Robert H. 
Bailey, Simon A. 
Baily, W. 


Baker, Anson 
Baker, E. 

Baker, George 
Balch, Ebenezer 
Balch & Fryer 
Baldwin, Ebenezer 


Baldwin, Jabez — 
Baldwin, Jedediah 


Baldwin, Stanley S. 


Baldwin & Baker 
Baldwin & Co. 
Baldwin & Jones 


Ball, Henry 
Ba'\, John 


Ball, William 


Ball, Tompkins & Black 


-Bancker, Adrian 
Bangs, John 
Barberet, Théon 
Barbier, Peter 
Bard, Conrad 
Bard, J. 

Bard & Hoffman 
Bardeer, Connard 
Bardick, George 
Bardick, John 
Bardon, Stephen 
Baria, William 
Barnes, Abraham 
Barret, James 
Barrett, James 
Barrett, S. 


MARKS 
Babcock (script) in shaped rectangle 


T 
D Backus in shaped oval and 
DBACKUS in shaped rectangle 


EE & SC above BAILEY in rectangle 


H-B in rectangle, anchor, sheaf of 
wheat, and star, each in square 

J-Bailey (script) in shaped rectangle, 
NYORK in rectangle 

L-B in rectangle 


WBAILY in engrailed rectangle; bird 
in cartouche 


E.BAKER in rectangle 
G.BAKER in shaped rectangle 
E. BALCH in oval cartouche 


BALDWIN in rectangle and in hol- 
lowed letters without rectangle 

BALDWIN incised 

J.Baldwin in rectangle 

STANLEY S.BALDWIN in rectangle 
and NY in rectangle 


BALDWIN ©& SONS in rectangle 
BALDWIN ©& SONS in scroll 


J‘BALL in rectangle and 
JOHN)? . 
BALL 12 cartouche 


BALL in oval; W-BALL in a shaped 


cartouche; WB in a box 


AB in oval and AB in shaped oval 


C.BARD 205 ARCH ST in rectangle 


G-B in rectangle 


LOCATIONS 


Middletown, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. 


New York City 
Baltimore, Md. 
Boston, Mass. 
Portland, Me. 
Baltimore, Md. 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
Hingham, Mass. 
Woodstock, Vt. 
New York City 


New York City 
ce “ec “ee 
«ce «< ae 


Providence, R. I. 
Hartford, Conn. 
Albany, N. Y. 


Hartford, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. 


Portsmouth, N. H. 


New York City 
Providence, R. I. 
Newark, N. J. 


Boston, Mass. 
(79 


New York City 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Cincinnati, Ohio 
New Orleans, La. 
Philadelphia 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Norwich, Conn. 


New York City 


~ Nantucket, Mass. 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


241 


PERIOD 


1812 
1836 


1792 
1799 
1820 
1825 


1779, 


1780 
1762 
1785 
1780 
1825 
1789 


. 1810 


1821 
1761 
1825 
1744 
1784 


18I0O 
1813 


1793 


1820 
1817 
1830 
1813 
1813 


1833 
1765 


1759 
1839 
1731 
1826 
1822 
1823 
1825 
1800 
1837 
1831 
1790 
1805 
1785 
1805 
1716 
1717 
1805 
1800 


242 


SILVERSMITHS 


MARKS 


Barrington & Davenport B & D in serrated rectangle 


Barrows, James M. 
Barry, Standish 


Bartholomew, Joseph 
Bartholomew, Roswell 
Bartholomew, Joseph 


Bartlett, Edward 
Bartlett, N. 
Bartlett, Samuel 


Barton, Erasmus 
Bartram, William 
Basset, Francis 


Batchellor, N. 
Bay, A. S. 
Bayley, Alexander 
Bayley, S. H. 
Bayley, Simeon A. 


Bayley, S. & A. 
Bayley & Douglas 


Bayly, John 
Baysset, Joseph 
Beach, A. 

Beach, Isaac 
Beach, Ives & Co. 
Beach, Miles 


Beach & Sanford 
Beach & Ward 
Beal, Caleb 
Beam, Jacob C. 
Beck, Thomas 
Becker, Fredrick 
Becker, Philip 
Bedford, John 
Beebe, James W. 
Beebe, Stanton 
Beecher, Clement 
Beecher, C. & Co. 
Belin, Lewis 
Belknap, Samuel 
Belliard, Francois 
Belloni, Louis J. 


Belloni & Durandeau 


Benedict, A. C. 
Benedict, ). 
Benedict & Son ° 
Benedict & Squire 
Benjamin, Barzillai 


J.M.BARROWS in rectangle 
BARRY in shaped rectangle and 
NO.g2 in rectangle 


t 


N-BARTLETT in rectangle 


S.B script in rectangle and S-BART- 


LETT in rectangle 


BASSET in rectangle and sheaf of 
wheat in rectangle 


BAYLEY in rectangle, in shaped rec- 
tangle, and sheaf of wheat in shaped 
rectangle 


DB & AD in rectangle, lion in rec- 
tangle and 11? in rectangle 


A:BEACH in serrated rectangle 


BEACH in rectangle, M-B in rect. and 
MB in oval 

B & S, in rectangle 

B & W in rectangle 

BEAL in rectangle 


I Bedford (script), in shaped rectangle 
J.W.BEEBE in rectangle 


A.C.BENEDICT without rectangle 


BENEDICT & SQUIRE in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


LOCATIONS 


Philadelphia 
Tolland, Conn. 


Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 
Hartford, Conn. 
Philadelphia 
Philadelphia 
Concord, Mass. 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


«< “ “ 


Philadelphia 
New Orleans, La. 
Hartford, Conn. 


New Milford, Conn. 


New York City 


Litchfield, Conn. 
Hartford, Conn. 
Hartford, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


New York City 
Lancaster, Pa. 
Fishkill, N. Y. 
New York City 
Providence, R. I. 
Meriden, Conn. 


Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
New Orleans, La. 
New York City 


ae ae “ 


New Haven, Conn. 


SILVERSMITHS 
Benjamin, Benjamin 


Benjamin, Everard 
Benjamin, John 
Benjamin, Samuel C. 
Benjamin, Solomon 
Bennet, James 
Bennett, Jacob 
Bentley, Thomas 


Bentson, Peter 
Berard, Andrew 
Berard, E. 


Berkenbush, Charles H. 


Berry, William 
Besley, Thauvet 
Besselievre, Thomas 
Best, Joseph 
Bevan, Richard 
Bigelow, John 
Bigelow & Bros. 
Biggs, Joseph 
Bigotut, S. 
Bijotal, Silvian A. 
Billings, A. 


Billings, Daniel 
Bingham, John 
Binneau, Theodore 
Bird, Conard 
Bissbrown, Thomas 
Black, James 
Black, John 

Black, William 


Blackman, Frederick S. 
Blackman, F. S. & Co. 


Blackman, John C. 
Blackman, John S, 
Blakslee, William 
Blakslee, Ziba 
Blanchard, Asa 


Blauvelt, John W. 
Bleasom & Reed 


Bliss, Jonathan 
Blondell, Anthony 
Blondell & Descuret 
Blowers, John 


Boehler, Andreas W. 


MARKS 


BB in rectangle and B. Benjamin in 
rectangle 

E: BENJAMIN in an oblong 

I-B in rectangle 


BENTLEY in rectangle, TB in oval, U 
in rectangle, and sheaf of wheat in 
vertical oval 


E | Sa in shaped cartouche 
B surmounted by a crown, both incised 


JOHN BIGELOW in rectangle 
BIGELOW & BROS. in rectangle 


OG - MQxHYHZ0 ~ in long rec- 
tangle 
D.Billings (script) in long oval 


J.B in rectangle, repeated 

F.S.Blackman without rectangle 

F.S.B & CO. in rectangle 

J.S.B in oval 

A + BLANCHARD in rectangle and 
A: BLANCHARD in long oval 


BLEASOM & REED NASSAU, with- 
out rectangle 


BLOWERS in oblong; Blowers (script) 


in oval cartouche 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


LOCATIONS 


New Haven, Conn. 
«6 


“e “ee 


Stratford, Conn. 


New Haven, Conn. 


Baltimore, Md. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Phila-elphia 
Baltimore, Md. 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Preston, Conn. 


ce «e 


Newark, N. J. 
Philadelphia 


Albany, N. Y. 


- Philadelphia 


New York City 
Danbury, Conn. 


Newtown, Conn. 


“ec «e 


Lexington, Ky. 
New York City 


Nassau, N. H. 


Middletown, Conn. 


Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


New York City 


243 


PERIOD 


1826 
1828 
seh | 
1819 
1817 
1773 
1839 


1786 
1718 
E79] 
1800 


1825 
1805 
1727 
1831 
1723 
1804 
1830 
1840 
1830 
1800 


1795 
1780 


1795 
1664 


1820 
1831 
1790 
1795 
1811 
1833 
1832 
1840 
1829 
1798 
1820 


1790 


1810 
1835 


1830 
1800 
1797 
1798 


1731 
1784 


24.4 
SILVERSMITHS 


Boehme, Charles L. 
Boelen, Henricus 
Boelen, Jacob 


Boelen, Jacob 
Boemper, Abraham 
Bogardus, Everadus 
Bogert, Albert 
Bogert, Nicholas J. 
Bolton, James 
Bonjean, Victor 
Bontecou, Timothy 


Bontecou, Timothy, Jr. 


Boone, Jeremiah 
Bordeaux, Augustine 
Boss and Kindell 
Bosworth, Samuel 
Botsford, Gideon B. 
Boudar, Joseph 
Boudinot, Elias: 


Boudo, Louis 
Boullien, Mousier 
Bourdet, Stephen 
Boutier, John 
Boutelle, James 
Bouvar, Joseph 
Bower, C. 
Bowne, Samuel 
Boyce, Geradus 
Boyce, James 
Boyce, Jared 
Boyce, John 
Boyce & Jones 


Boyd, Joseph W. 
Boyd, William 
Boyd & Hoyt 
Boyd & Mulford 
Boyer, Daniel 


Brabant, Isaac 
Bradbury, Theophilas 


Bradbury & Brother 
Bradley, Abner 


Bradley, Luther 
Bradley, Phineas 
Bradley, Richard 
Bradley, Zebul 


MARKS 
CLBoehme (script) in rectangle and 
Sterling (script) in shaped rectangle 
HB conjoined in cartouche; HB con- 
joined in shield 
IB in cartouche with escalloped top, I 
has two radiating arms, forming cross 


3 


E B in rectangle 


N.J.BOGERT in rectangle 


TB: without rectangle 
TB in oval 
IBOONE in serrated rectangle 


BOSWORTH in rectangle 
G. B. BOTSFORD in rectangle 
EB; and BOUDINOT, each in rec- 


tangle 
LsBOUDO in rectangle 


J.BOUTIER in ob:ong 


'S:Bowne in rectangle 


G:BOYCE, G.B, NY, each in rectangle 


J.B & NY, each in rectangle 

B & J in rectangle; N YORK in rec- 
tangle 

J.W.B. in rectangle 


BRADBURY and 1825, each in rec- 
tangle; Bradbury in rectangle; rose, 


figure, B in cartouches 


Cross mark in circle and AABRADLEY 
in rectangle 


PB in rectangle 


Z. BRADLEY in serrated rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used -his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


‘LOCATIONS 


Baltimore, Md. 


New York City 


Bethlehem, Pa. 
New York City 


«ce “ “ae 


New Orleans, La. 
New Haven, Conn 
« “ee 


“ce ‘ 


Philadelphia 


New York City 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
Woodbury, Conn. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
Charleston, S. C. 
Philadelphia 
New York Cit 


«ec “ “ec 


Worcester, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


Boston, Mass. 
Savannah, Ga. 


Newburyport, Mass. 


New Haven, Conn. 


«“ “ce “cs 


“cc “ 46 


Hartford, Conn. 
New Haven, Conn. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 
Bradley & Bunce 
Bradley & Merriman 
Brady, E. 


Brady, William V. 
Brainerd, Charles 
Bramhall, S. 
Brasher, A. 
Brasher, Ephraim 


Brasher, E. & Co. 
Brasher & Alexander 
Bray, Henry 

Breed, John 

Breed, William 


Brenton, Benjamin 
Brevoort, John 


Brewer, Charles 


Brewer & Co. 
Brewer & Mann 
Brewster, Abel 
Bridge, John 


Brigden, C. 


Brigden, Timothy 
Brigden, Zachariah 


Bright, Anthony 
Brinkley, William 


Brinton, Gordon & Quick 


Britton, Isaac 
Britton, Jacob 
Broadhurst, Samuel 


Brock, John 
Brock, L. 


Brookhouse, Robert 
Brooks, Samuel 
Brothears, Michael 
Brower, S. D. 
Brower, S. & B. 
Brower & Rusher 
Brown, Alexander 
Brown, D. 

Brown, Ebenezer 
Brown, Henry 


MARKS 


t 

B&M in cartouche 

E-BRADY in © shaped 
BRADY in rectangle 


rectangle; 


S.BRAMHALL in rectangle 

ABRASHER in rectangle 

EB in rectangle, EB in oval. and 
Brasher in rectangle 


E-B & CO in rectangle 


WBreed (script) in rectangle; WB in 
a heart; W B (script) in rectangle 

BB in rectangle 

B in trefoil, IBV in shaped rectangle, 
IV 

C BREWER in shaped rectangle; same 
in rectangle; C Brewer (script) in 
cartouche 


I BRIDGE in wavy oblong and 
BRIDGE in cartouche 

C.B in shaped rectangle, C-B in car- 
touche, and C-B in_ rectangle; 
BRIGDEN in shaped rectangle 


Z’B in rectangle, Z.Brigden in cartouche 


I BROCK, NEW YORK, each in rec- 
tangle 

L.BROCK, in rectangle with serrated 
ends, NEW YORK in rectangle 

RB (script) in oval : 

Brooks in rectangle with escalloped ends 


S. & B. BROWER in rectangle 
B&R in rectangle 


D.BROWN in rough rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Hartford, Conn. 


New Haven, Conn. 


New York City 


Hartford, Conn. 
Plymouth, Mass. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
Colchester, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 
Newport, R. I. 


New York City 


Middletown, Conn. 


“a « 


Norwich, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 


“e «e 


Albany, N. Y. 
Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


Salem, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 


245 


PERIOD 
1830 
1826 


1825 
1835 
1809 
1863 


1790 


1766 
1790 
1800 
1799 
WG a 


1750 
1731 
pe 
T7175 


1810 
1810 
1803 


1797 
1751 


1770 
1813 
1734 
1787 
1739 
1802 
1780 
1811 
1807 


1724 
1833 


1830 
1750 
1793 
1772 
1834 
1810 
1834 
1840 
1811 
1793 
1777 


27, 
e 
Wt 


246 


SILVERSMITHS 


Brown, James 
Brown, Jesse 
Brown, John 
Brown, Robert 


Brown, Samuel C. 


Brown & Houlton 
Brown, Liberty 
Browne & Seal 
Bruff, Charles O. 
Brut, Joseph 
Brush, Edward 
Bryan, Philip 
Buché, Peter 
Buchoz, I. R. 
Buckley, J. B. 
Buckley & Anderson 
Buddy, Daniel 
Buel, Abel 


Buel, D. H. 

Buel, John 

Buel, Samuel 

Buel & Greenleaf 
Buel & Mix 

Bull, Caleb 

Bull, Epaphras 
Bull, G. W. 

Bull, Martin 

Bull & Morrison 
Bumn, Peter 
Bumm & Shepper 
Bunker, Benjamin 
Burdick, William S. 
Burdock, George 
Burdock, Nicholas 
Burgalie, J. P. 
Burger, David I. 
Burger, John 


Burger, John 


Burger, Thomas 
Burnham, Robert 
Burkloe, Samuel 
Burnap, Daniel 
Burnet, Samuel 
Burnet & Ryder 


Burnett, Charles A. 


Burns, Anthony 


MARKS 


R.BROWN in oblong with curved ends 
and 10 oz 13 in oval 


S.BROWN in rectangle 


C.O.B. in rectangle 


BRYAN, rough capitals in rectangle 


«e 


Baltimore, Md. a \ 
New York City ie 
Baltimore, Md. | 
Philadelphia te 
New York City * 
Philadelphia 
New York City _ 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia ae Site 


«ce 


BUEL in serrated rectangle and A.B. a 


in fringed oval 


S.B in square 


G.W.BULL in rectangle 


D-I- BURgER in a shaped cartouche 

BURGER in rectangle; NEW YORK 
in rectangle 

Burger in shaded rectangle; N.York in 
rectangle 


B and R (script initials in capitals) in 
rude rectangle 

C.A.B. in rectangle and C.A. Burnett 
in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Famine Conn. 


Hartford, Coane . 


New Gene: cal 
Hartford, Conn. 
New Haven, Conn, — 

600 on be rs haan 


Haniack Came ay 
Boston, Mass. . 


Philadelphia 


Providende R. L a 
New Haven, Cor 


Pua = © 
East Windsor, Cor 
Nene N ge 


san = 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 
Burns, James 
Burns, John H. 
Burot, Andrew 
Burr, A. C. 


Burr, Christopher A. 


Burr, C.A. & Co. 
Burr, Ezekiel 


Burr, E. & W. 
Burr, William 
Burr & Lee 
Burrill, Joseph 
Burrill, Samuel 


Burrill, Samuel, Jr. 


Burrill, Theophilus 
Burrows, William 
Burt, Benjamin 


Burt, John 


Burt, Samuel 
Burt, William 


Burton, Jacob 
Bushnell, Phineas 
Bussey, Benjamin 
Bussey, Thomas 
Buswell, Jason 
Butler, Henry W. 
Butler, James 


Butler, John 
Butler, N. 
Butler, N. H. 
Butler & Little 
Byrne, James 
Byrne, James 


Cady, Samuel 
Cady & Backus 
Calder & Co. 
Caldwell, E. 


Cammon, Alexander 


Camoin 


Camp, Elias 


MARKS 


A.C.BURR in rectangle 


E BURR in rectangle and E.BURR in 


oval; E. Burr (script) in oval 


S:Burrill in rectangle; S:Burrill in 
shaped rectangle; S-B in oval; S-B 
dots above in cartouche, and S-B in 
heart 


BENJAMIN in a cartouche; BURT 
BURT and B-BURT each in a rec- 
tangle. 


JOHN italic capitals in oval; IB with . 


BURT a pellet below and crown above 
in a cartouche. I BURT in cartouche 
SAMUEL in a cartouche; SB in a 
BURT square. 
W.BURT in a rude oblong; W BURT 
in rectangle 


B B in rectangle 


IB crowned in shield; IB; IB crowned 
in cartouche; J.BUTLER in rectangle 
I B in circle and J BUTLER in oblong 


7. Byrne in shaped cartouche 


A:C in square 


Campbell, Christopher CAMPBELL in rude rectangle — 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Baltimore, Md. 
Providence, R. I. 


Boston, Mass. 


Boston, Mass. 
“ec “ce 
New London, Conn. 


Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
Guilford, Conn. 
Dedham, Mass. 
Baltimore, Md. 
Portsmouth, N, H. 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
Portland, Me. 
Utica IN; Y< 
Philadelphia 
Portland, Me. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 
Albany, N. Y. 
Philadelphia 


Bridgeport, Conn. 


New York City 


247 


PFRIOD 


1810 
1835 
181g 
181s 
1810 
1820 


1815 
4793 


a7a3 
1815 


1823 


1733 
1829 
1736 
1831 


1750 


1712 
1746 


1747 
1839 
1762 
1778 
1799 
1839 
1833 


1734 
1765 
1800 
1837 
¥759 
1789 
1780 


1792 
1792 
1830 
1800 
1813 
1797 
18265 
1808 


248 


‘SILVERSMITHS 


Campbell, John W. 
Campbell, R. 
Campbell, Thomas 
Campbell, W. 
Canavillo, Antonio 
Canavillo, S. 
Candee, Lewis B. 
Candell, Charles 
Canfield, Samuel 
Canfield & Brother 
Canfield & Foot 
Cann, John 

Cant, Godfrey 
Caralin, Pierce 
Carbin, Theodore 
Cario, Michael 
Cario, William 


Cariolle—— 
Carlile, Abraham 
Carman, John 
Carman, John 
Carman, Samuel 
Carpenter, Joseph 
Carrel, Daniel 
Cartel, John & Daniel 
Carribec, Peter 
Carroll, James 
Carson, Thomas 
Carson & Hall 
Cary, Lewis 


Case, George 
Casey, Gideon 


Casey, Samuel 


Cashell, Randall H. 
Cassedy, Andrew 
Caston, Francoise 
Cerneau, John 
Cerneau, Joseph 
Cerneau & Co. 
Chadwick, Thomas 
Chamberlain, Wilson 
Champlin, John 
Chandler, Stephen 
Chapin, Aaron 
Chapin, Alexander 
Chase, J. D. 

Chase & Easton 
Chat, Claudius 
Chaudrons, Simon 


MARKS 


t 
T CAMPBELL in rectangle 


C C (script capitals) in rectangle 
CANFIELD in oval 


W.CARIO- in shaped oblong; 
W.CARIO in engrailed rectangle 


A. Carlile (script) in rectangle 


CARREL in rectangle 


L.CARY in engrailed scroll a 
with rosettes 


G:CASEY in shaped rectangle 


S:Casey in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Albany, N. Y. © 
“ i<9 . 


Baltimore, Md. — 
New York City ts 
Philadelphia ¥ . 
New York City 


Woodbury, Conn. 

New York City 
Middletown, Conn, 
Baltimore, Md. =>) 
Middletown, oie iA 
New York City af 


“ “é “cc 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


“ 6 2 page 


New Orleans, La. ae 
Philadelphia 


New York City 

Norwich: Res 2 : 

Philadelphia ie 
pert ie 


“ 


New York City 


Boston, Mass. 
E. Hartford, Conn. — 
South Kingston fe 

Newport, R. I. 
South Kingston & 

Newport, R. I. _ 
Philadelphia 
Philadelphia — 
New York Ci 


66 or Se ie = 
Philadelphia 
Portsmouth, N. 
New Lanne: Con 
New York City — 
Hartford, Conn. — 
Hartford, Conn. 
New York Cig 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Poe ee. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Chaudrons, S. & Co. 
Chaudrons & Rasch 
Chene, Daniel 
Cherry, James 


Chevalier, Clement E. 


Chevalier & Tanguay 
Childs, George H. 
Chitrey, Peter 
Chittenden, Beriah 
Chitten, Ebenezer 


Church, Joseph 
Church, Ralph 
Church & Rogers 
Churchill, Jesse 


Churchill & Treadwell 


Churchwell, Charles 
Clapp, Philip 
Clapp & Riker 
Clark, Andrew 
Clark, C & G. 
Clark, Charles 
Clark, Curtis 
Clark, George C. 
Clark, George D. 
Clark, Henry 
Clark, I. 


Clark, I. & H. 
Clark, J. H. 
Clark, Joseph 
Clark, Levi 


Clark, Metcalf B 
Clark, Peter G. 
Clark, Richard 
-Clark, Samuel 
Clark, Thomas 
Clark, William 
Clark & Anthony ~ 
Clark & Brother 
Clark & Coit 
Clarke, Jonathan | 


Cleveland, Aa:on 
/ 


Cleveland, Benjamin 


Cleveland, William 
Cleveland & Post 
Cline, Charles 


MARKS 


P. Chitrey in oval 


EC in square; EC in oval; E. Chitten- 


den in rectangle 


CHURCHILL in - rectangle; 
I. CHURCHILL in rectangle 
CHURCHILL & 
TREADWELL 


in rectangle 


G.C.CLARK in rectangle 
G.D.CLARK in rectangle 


[ReH-CLARK) 
J. H. CLARK in rectangle 
TAR 1D 
CLARK in rectangle; 
in rectangle 


NORWALK 


T.Clark in shaped cartouche 


WC in oval cartouche 


IC in square; J Clarke (script) in oval; 
J.CLARKE in rectangle 

AC in octagon; A CLEVELAND in 
oblong with curved ends 

B CLEVELAND in long oval pinched 
to separate initial from name 

Cleveland and WC, each in rectangle 

C & P in rectangle 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


ac 
e 


ae 


New York City 


New Haven, Conan. 


Buffalo, N. Y. 


New Haven, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 


Hartford, Conn. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 


New York City 
Providence, R. I. 
Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


Portsmouth, N. H. 


New York City 
Danbury, Conn. 


Norwalk, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. 


New Haven, Conn. 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Bridgeport, Conn. 
New York City 
Norwalk, Conn. 
Norwich, Conn. 


Newport, R. I. 


Norwich, Conn. 


Philadelphia | 


249 
PERIOD 


1807 
1812 
1786 
1824 
1816 
1816 
1828 
1814 
1787 


1747 
1818 


1832 
1825 


E794 


1794 
1781 
1802 
1802 
1744 
1833 
1798 
1823 
1824 
1826 
1813 


1754 


1821 
1812 
17gI 


1823 


1835 
181o 
1795 
1673 
1770 
1774 
1790 
1825 
1820 


1734 


1820 


1760 
1815 
1815 
1829 


250 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Cobb, Ephraim 
Coburn, John 


Coddington, John 


Codman, Willard 
Coe & Upton 
Coen, Daniel B. 
Coffman, William 
Coggeswell, H. 
Cohen, Barrow A. 
Cohen, William 


Coignard, Louis 
Coit, E. 


Coit, Thomas C. 
Coit & Mansfield 
Cole, Ebenezer 
Cole, Jacob 
Cole, John 
Coleman, B. 
Coleman, C. C. 


Coleman, John 


Coleman, Nathaniel 


Coleman, S. 
Coley, Simeon 
Coley, William ~ 
Collet, J. B. 
Collette, Lambert 
Collins, Arnold 
Collins, W. & L. 
Colner, John 
Colonel, John 
Colton, Levi 
Colton, Oren 
Colton & Baldwin 
Colton & Collins 


Coney, John 


Connor, John H. 
Conyers, Joseph 
Conyers, Richard 
Cook, John 


Cook & Co. 
Cooke, Joseph 
Cooke & Co. 


Coolidge, Joseph, Jr. 


MARKS 


E.Cobb in oval and EC in rectangle; 
E COBB in rectangle. 

I-C in square; IC in square; and J CO- 
BURN in rectangle. 


IC in a turnip- or beet-shaped car- 
touche 


, 


H. COGGSWELL in rectangle 


E.COIT and PURE COIN, each in 
rectangle . 

T.C.C (script) in rectangle 

C & M in an oblong; same in a hexagon 


B.COLEMAN in rectangle 


N. COLEMAN in rectangle; NC in 
oval 


S. COLEMAN in rectangle 
W. COLEY (script) in shaped oval 


AC in heart; AC in shield; AC in square 


emey § © 


J H CONNOR in serrated rectangle 


I COOK in rectangle; COOK in an 
oval; JCOOK in rectangle 


COOLIDGE in shaped ovalf 


TWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 
TA shaped oval follows the upper and lower contour of letters. 


LOCATIONS 


Boston, Mass. 


Newport, R. I. 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Alexandria, Va. 
Dist. of Col. 
New York City 


Norwich, Conn. 
“ce ““ 
“ec “se 


New York City 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass, 


Burlington, N. J. 


° 
oe 


New York City 


Burlington, N. J. 


New York City 


Buffalo, N. Y. 
Newport, R. I. 
New York Cit 


“cc “ce “< 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


« ‘ 


sé “ “ec 


Boston, Mass. 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. 


New York City 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass 


PERIOD 


1729 


1750 


1711 
1839 
1840 
1787 
1839 
1760 
1825 


1833 
1805 


1820 
1812 
1816 
1818 
1785 
1686 
1785 
1835 
1814 


1786 
1805 
1767 
1801 
1805 
1835 
1690 
1830 
1818 
1804 
1825 
1818 
1819 
1832 


1676 


1835 
1708 
1688 


1795 
E797 
1785 
1785 


1773 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 
Cooper, 
Cooper, B. 

Cooper, B. & J. 
Cooper, John 
Cooper, Joseph 
Copp, Joseph 
Copp, Nathaniel P. 
Corley, William 
Cornelison, Cornelius 
Cornelius, Christian 
Cornell, Walter 
Corrin, Josiah 
Courcelle, Hilaire 
Couvertie, Louis 
Coverly, Thomas 
Cowell, William 


Cowell, William, Jr. 


Cowan, William D. 
Cox, John 

Craft, Stephen 
Craig, James 
Crandall, Benjamin 
Crandall, Benjamin 
Crane, Stephen M. 
Cranston, Samuel 


Crawford, John 


Crittenden, Newton E. 
Crone, Henry 

Crosby, Jonathan 
Cummings, David B. 
Currier & Trott 
Currin, Joseph 

Curry, John 


Curry & Preston 
Curtis, Candee & Styles 


Curtis, Daniel 

Curtis, Joel 

Curtis, Lewis 

Curtis, Thomas 

Curtiss & Candee 
Curtiss & Duning 
Curtiss, Candee & Stiles 
Curtiss & Stiles 


-W:COWELL in 


MARKS 


C CORNELIUS in rectangle 
CORNELL in rectangle 


L’COUVERTIE in rectangle 

T:COVERLY in rectangle 

WC in oval; W.COWELL in cartouche; 
WC surmounted by star and pellets 
in a shaped shield; WC in scroll; WC 
in rectangle 

shaped rectangle; 
W.COWELL in shaped oval; W 
COWELL (script) in cartouche 

W.COWAN in shaped rectangle 


J.CRAWFORD in rectangle J (script) 
Crawford (italics) in rectangle 


JC in double circle 
Currier & Trott, in rectangle 


J.CURRY in rectangle; J in square 
with rounded lower corners; and 
PHILA in rectangle 

CURRY & PRESTON in serrated rec- 
tangle; C & P in square 

CURTIS, CANDEE & STYLES IN 
rectangle 


L,Curtis in rectangle 


CURTISS & DUNING in scroll 


Name in capitals in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


New London, Conn, 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
Providence R. I. 
Philadelphia 
New Orleans, La. 


Newburyport, Mass. 


Boston, Mass. 


Boston, Mass, 
Philadelphia 


New York City 
Williamsburg, Va. 
Providence, R. I. 


Portsmouth, N. H. 


New York City 
Newport, R. I. 


New York City 
Cleveland, Ohio 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 


Woodbury, Conn. 


Wolcott, Conn. 


Farmington, Conn. 


New York City 
Woodbury, Conn. 


oe oe 


66 “e 


251 


PERIOD 


1816 
1814 
18I0O 
1814 
1770 
1754 
1834 
1811 
1711 
1810 
1780 
1823 
1822 
1822 
1760 


1793 


1736 
1808 
1818 
1811 
1750 
1824 
1839 
1813 
1684 


1815 
1839 
1780 
1769 
181I 
1836 
1829 


1831 
1831 


1831 
1825 
1810 


1795 


1835 
1826 


1828 
1825 


1835 


252 


SILVERSMITHS 


Cushman, Isaac 
Cutler, A. 


Cutler, E. 
Cutler, Richard 
Cutler, Richard, Jr. 


Cutler, Richard & Sons 
Cutler, Silliman, Ward 


& Co. 
Cutler, William 
Cutter, William 


Dagget, Henry 
Dallon, John 

Dally, Philip 

Dally & Halsey 
Dane, Thomas 
Daniels, Charles W. 
Dargee, John 


Daubayson, Victoire 


Dauce, Simon 
Davenport, Robert 
Davenport, Samuel 
Daverne, John 
David, John 


David, John, Jr. 
David, Lewis A. 
David, Peter 
David & Dupuy 
Davis, E. 


Davis, Elias 
Davis, Joshua G. 
Davis, T. A. 
Davis, William 
Davis & Babbitt 
Davis & Brown 
Davis & Watson 


Davison, Brazillai 
Davison, Charles 
Davy, Adam 
Dawes, William 
Dawson, John 
Dawson, William 
Deane, James 
Deas, David 
Decker, J. 
Delagrow, Andrew 
Delano, Jabez 
Delarue, John 


MARKS 


T 

A.CUTLER, BOSTON, each in rec- 
tangle 

E. CUTLER in rectangle 


T.DANE in cartouche 


I DAVID in rectangle; DAVID in 
rectangle; ID in oval 
J:D in oval; JD in square; JD in oval 


P.D in cartouche; PD in oval 


ED in rectangle; E DAVIS in oblong; 
E DAVIS in oval; E D in rectangle 


with a lion passant 


IDAVIS in serrated rectangle 
T.A.DAVIS in rude rectangle 


DAVIS & BROWN in rectangle 
D & W (script) in rectangle, probably 
dealers only 


C.DAVISON in serrated rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


LOCATIONS 
Boston, Mass. 


ae “ 


New Haven, Conn. 
‘ 


“cc ‘ 


“ee “cc oe 


Portland, Me. 


New Haven, Conn. 


Philadelphia 
New York Cit 
Boston, Mass. 
Troy, Nit 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


“ée 


Milton, Mass. 
Baltimore, Md. 


Philadelphia 


“ 
“ce 


“ 


Newburyport, R. I. 


Boston, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 
ce “se 


Providence, R. I. 
Boston, Mass, 


“cc “ 


Norwich, Conn. 
ce “cc 


Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


New Bedford, Mass. 


New Orleans, La: 


PERIOD 
1823 


1820 
1820 
1760 
1800 
1800 


1767 
1806 
1823 


1763 
1791 
1780 
1787 
1745 
1836 
1810 
1820 
1798 
1808 


“ 1741 


1799 


1763 
1785 
1823 
1738 
1792 


1775 
1796 
1824 
1823 
1820 
1802 


1815 
1765 
1805 
1795 
1766 
1769 
1793 
1760 
1831 
1830 
1795 
1784 
1822 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Delauney, Jean 
Demilt, Andrew 


Demmock, John 
Demorsy, Jean 
Demort, John 
Demort, Lucien 
Denise, J. & T. 
Dennis, Ebenezer 
Dennis, George Jr. 
Dennis & Fitch . 
De Perrizang, Otto 
De Peyser, William 


De Riemer, Cornelius B. 


De Riemer, Jacob R. 
De Riemer, Pieter 


De Riemer & Mead 
Deshon, Daniel 


Desquet & Tanguy 
Desuret, Lewis 
Deverell, John 
Dexter, John 


MARKS 


t 
DEMILT in rectangle; N.YORK in 


rectangle 


J:D and JD, each in square 


P D R in oval; P D R in rectangle 


DEVERELL in oblong 


LOCATIONS 
New York City 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
New Orleans, La. 
New York City 


ae “cc “cc 


Hartford, Conn. 
Norwich, Conn. 
Troy, N. Y. 
New York Cit 
Ithaca, N. Y. 
New York Cit 


“e «“e ce 


Ithaca, N. Y. 


New London, Conn. 


Philadelphia 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Marlboro, Mass. 


Dickerson, H. & Co. Philadelphia 
Dickerson, John Morristown, Mass. 

: Dickinson, Jonathan Philadelphia 
Dickinson & Robinson a 


Dimmock, John 
Dimond, Isaac M 
Dixwell, Basil 
Dixwell, John 


Doane, Joshua 


ID in oval; ID (small) in oval 
DOANE in cartouche; DOANE in 


New York Cit 


“6 “ec “6 


Boston, Mass. 
ae «ec 


iY rectangle . ' Providence, R. I. 
‘g Dobbs, Adam 

; ‘Dobleman, Frederick Philadelphia 
Doblemar, F. F. G. > 
Dodge, Benjamin Boston, Mass. 
Dodge, Ezekiel New York City 
Dodge, Ezra New London, Conn. 
Dodge, John J.DODGE in oval New York City 


Dodge, Nehemiah 
Dodge, Seril 


N DODGE in serrated rectangle 
S DODGE in serrated rectangle, pre- 
ceded and followed by star aire eka a 


Providence; R. I. 


Doler, Daniel 
Donalon, John W. 
Donovan, William 
Dontremei, C. 
Doolittle, Amos 
Doolittle, Enos 
Doran, John 
Dorgy, Peter 
Dorsey, Joshua 
Dorsey, Samuel 


t{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


A D in oval 


I.DORSEY in rectangle 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia . 


New: Haven, Conn. 
Hartford, Conn. 
Cincinnati, Ohio 
Philadelphia 
Philadelphia _ 


253 
PERIOD 
1805 


1805 
1798 
1822 
1810 
1810 
1798 
1782 
1770 
1836 
1786 
1732 
1804 
1830 
1769 
1831 
1/19 
1805 
1799 
1785 
1756 
1815 
1778 
1794 
1796 
1801 
1830 
1732 
1702 


1720 


1813 
1810 
1836 
1792 
1787 
1790 
1795 


1793 
1765 
1823 
1784 
1805 
1775 
1781 
1826 
1816 


1793 
1804 


254 
SILVERSMITHS 


Dorsey, Simon 
Dorson, Joshua 
Doster, Michael 
Douglas, Alexander 
Douglas, Cantwell 
Douglas, Robert 
Douglass, James 


Douglass, J. W. 


Douglass, John 


Douglass & Heckman 


Doutiemer, Cule 
Dowig, Christopher 
Dowig, George 
Downes, J. 


Downing, G. R. 
Downing, & Phelps 
Drewry, George 
Drinker, John 
Drown, T. P. 
Drowne, Benjamin 
Drowne, Samuel 


Drowne, Shem 
Drumont, Antoine 
Dubois, Abraham 


Dubois, A., Sr. & Jr. 


Dubois, Joseph 
Dubois, Tunis 


Dubois & Co, 
Duché, Benne R. 
Duché & Donard 
Dudley, Benjamin 
Duffel, James 
Dummer, Jeremiah 


Dumourier, Joseph 
Dumoutet, John B. 
Dundas, Pratt 
Dunkerly, Joseph 
Dunlevy, Robert 
Dunn, Cary 


Dunn, David 
Dunn & Son 
Dunscomb, Dennis 


Duon, H. 


MARKS 


R.D in double lined square 


J. Douglass (script) framed in outline 
shaped by name 


J.DOWNES in rectangle; J. Downes 
in shaped cartouche 

G R D and N.YORK, each in rectangle 

D & P in rectangle 

G D in rude square 


T. P. DROWN in rectangle 


S D, small cross between letters in 
shaped frame and S Drowne, small 
cross between S and Drowne, in 
rectangle 


A. DUBOIS in oblong 
I. DUBOIS in oblong; J.DUBOIS in 


rectangle 
T.D.DUBOIS in rectangle; T.D.D. in 
rectangle sheaf of wheat in oblong 


I.DUFFEL in rectangle 

J D, pellet between letters and star be- 
low in a heart. I D, star below in a 
heart “star” may be a fleur-de-lis. 


DUMOUTET in scroll 


C.DUNN in oval; eagle in kite; N. 
YORK in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


LOCATIONS 
Philadelphia 


ae 


New York City 
Baltimore, Md. 
New London, Conn 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
«ec 


“ 


Baltimore, Md.» 


Philadelphia 

New York Cit 
Philadelphia 

New York City 
Newburyport, Conn. 
Portsmouth, N. H. 


“c ce «“c 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 


“ € 


«ce a oe 


Philadelphia 
Birmingham, Ga. 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


ae 


Boston, Mass, 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


Baltimore, Md. 


PERIOD 


1820 
1802 
1831 
1792 
1799 
1766 
1800 


1791 
1840 
1837 
1791 
765 
779 


1770 
1810 
1810 
1763 
1835 
1790 
18aQ0 


77° 
1749 
1808 


1775 
1803 


1790 


1797 
1803 
1795 
1820 
1768 
1801 


1680 
1816 
1793 
1837 
1787 
1831 


1764 
1835 
1787 
1765 
181g 


a hoary 
» et wa 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 255 


——— 
{Where no mark is given, the mA&ker used his name or initials. 


ee SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
7 Dupuy, Daniel D:D in rectangle; DD in double circle; 
. DD in cartouche; D.DUPUY in rec- 
% tangle Philadelphia 1746 
. Dupuy, Daniel, Jr. T a 1782 
Dupuy, John q 1770 
Dupuy, John & Daniel, 
r. | 1783 
Dupuy & Sons D DD, each in apple-shaped cartouche * 1784 
Durand, John New York City 1835 
¥ Durandeau, John = ! 6 1835 
yg Dutens, Charles J. Philadelphia 1751 
Dutens & Harper a 1755 
q Duyckinck, Daniel New York City 1798 
F. Dwight, Timothy T.D with six dots below, in heart Boston, Mass. 1671 
E Eagles & Morris New York City 1799 
a Eames, Joshua Boston, Mass. 1828 
a Easton, James Nantucket, Mass. 1828 
ee Easton, Nathaniel h = 1780 
f, Easton & Sanford EASTON & SANFORD in rectangle; 
3 7 E&S in rectangle " 5 1830 
4 Eastwick, Thomas Boston, Mass. 1743 
> Eaton, Timothy Philadelphia 1793 
a Eayres, Thomas EAYRES in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1781 
Edgar, John New York City 1807 
Edmechat, Claude > eS aotamr aia 1790 
Edwards, Andrew Boston, Mass. 1796 
Edwards, Calvin Ashby, Mass. 1710 
; Edwards, John I E in quatrefoil; IE crowned, fleur-de- 
E; lis below in a shaped shield Boston, Mass. 1691 
¢ Edwards, Joseph a me 1707-1777 
= Edwards, Joseph, Jr. . ‘3 1761 
me Edwards, Samuel S E, pellet between letters, small cross 
* below and crown above, all enclosed 
in shield (shaped) . - 1730 
Edwards, Thomas New York City 1731 
; Edwards, Thomas T.Edwards (script); T.E in rectangle; 
ah TE shaped rectangle; TE with crown 
cr in shaped rectangle; T E, crowned in 
a shield Boston, Mass. 1725 
Elderkin, Alfred Killingsworth, Conn. —-1792 
Elderkin, Elisha New Haven, Conn. 1777 
x Elderkin & Staniford Windom, Conn. 1790 
4 Elliott, John A. Sharon, Conn. 1815 
a Elliott, Joseph New Castle, Del. 1768 
4 Ellis, Lewis W. Philadelphia 1837 
ts Ellison, Peter New York City 1792 
a Ellsworth, David ‘Windsor, Conn. 1772 
ae. Eltonhead, Thomas Baltimore, Md. 1835 
ig Emery, Stephen EMERY in a cartouche; S.EMERY in 
3 rectangle; S.EMERY in shaped oval; 
S E in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1746 


256 


SILVERSMITHS 


Emery, Thomas K. 


Emery & Co. 
England, George 
England, William 
Foff, Garret 


Eoff & Connor 
Eoff & Howell 
Eoff & Moore 
Epps, Ellery 
Equer & Aquimac 
Erwin, Andrew 
Erwin, Henry 


Erwin, John 
Esteva, Hayacinth 
Etting, Benjamin 
Evans, Henry 
Evans, John 


Evans, Robert 


Everitt, Jesse 
Eversten, John 


Ewan, John 


Faber, William 
Faber & Hoover © 


Fagaler, George M. 
Fairchild, James L. 


Fairchild, Joseph 
Fairchild, Robert 


Faris, Charles 
Farley, Charles 
Farnam, Henry 
Farnam, R. & H. 
Farnum, Rufus 
Farnam, Thomas 
Farnam & Ward 
Farr, John C. 


Farrington, John 


MARKS 


T.Emery (script) in shaped rectangle; 
T.K.EMERY (large) in a rectangle 


G.Eoff in rectangle; G Eoff in rectangle; 
bird in circle 


EOFF & HOWELL in rectangle 


H.ERWIN in rectangle; same in wav 
bordered rectangle 
J.ERWIN in rectangle 


HENRY EVANS in rectangle 

EVANS in an engrailed “near” rec- 
tangle 

EVANS in engrailed rectangle; R.E in 
rectangle; RE inrectangle; RLEVANS 
in rectangle; R.E. in rectangle; 
EVANS in oblong 


J. EWAN in engrailed rectangle 


R.FAIRCHILD in rectangle; RF in 
oblong; R.F in cartouche; RF in oval 

Chas Faris (script) in oval 

C. FARLEY in rectangle 

H. FARNAM in rectangle 

R & H FARNAM in rectangle 

R. FARNUM in rectangle 

Th: Farnam in rude rectangle 

FARNAM & WARD in rectangle 

J.C: Farr in rectangle; JOHN C FARR 
in shaded ribbon 


Farrington & Hunnewell FARRINGTON & HUNNEWELL in 


Fellows, Abraham 


Fellows, John F. 
Fellows & Storm 
Ferguson, John 


rectangle 
FELLOWS in rectangle 


FELLOWS & STORM in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


LOCATIONS 
New York City 
«e “e 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


‘ 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


oe “ 
New York City 
“ «“ “ce 
“cc «e “ce 


«“e “ce “c 


«ec “ «ce 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Albany, N. Y. 
Charleston, S, C. 


Philadelphia 


New York City 


New Haven, Conn. 


Durham, Conn. 
ce “e 


Portland, Me. 
Boston, Mass. 
“ce “ce 


Newport, R. I. & 
Albany, N. Y. 
Portsmouth, N,. H. 
Albany, N. Y. 

Philadelphia 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Ferrier, John 
Ferris, Benjamin 
Fielding, George 
Fields, Samuel 
Finch, Hiram 
Finewell, Samuel 


Fireng, J. P. 


Fisher, James 
Fisher, Thomas 
Fitch, Allen 
Fitch, D. M. 
Fitch, John 


Fitch & Hobart 
Flagg, Josiah 
Fletcher, Charles 
Fletcher, Thomas 


Fletcher & Bennett 
Fletcher & Gardiner 


Fling, George 
Flott, Lewis 
Folloppe, A. A. 
Folsom, John 
Foote, William 


Forbes, Abraham G. 


Forbes, Benjamin G. 
Forbes, Collins V. G. 
Forbes, C.V.G.& Son 
Forbes, G. & J. W. 
Forbes, Garret 


Forbes, John W. 
Forbes, William 


Forbes, William G. 


Force, Jabez W. 
Ford, Samuel 
Forest, Alexander 
Forman, Benoni B. 
Fortune, Anthony 
Foster, Abraham 
Foster, G. 

Foster, Hiram 


MARKS 


T 
G F in oval 


J.P.FIRENG in rectangle; BURLING- 
TON with N.J. below each in rec- 
tangle 


T. FISHER in shaped cartouche 


J.FITCH in rectangle, followed by two 
birds in squares 


T.FLETCHER in oblong 


F & G in rectangle; dog(?) in circle; 
P in circle 


A G F in crude oblong; A F in square; 
N.YORK in rectangle 


CVGF in rectangle 
FORBES & SON in rectangle 


G FORBES in rectangle; IWF over a 
square and compass in shaped rec- 
tangle; anchor, star, head, C, each in 
circle 


W.F. in rectangle; eagle in square and 
NEW YORK in ribbon; W.FORBES 
in rectangle; N.Y. in rectangle 

W.G. Forbes (script) in shaped oval; 
W G FORBES in shaded rectangle 

J.W.FORCE in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


New Orleans, La. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


Burlington, N. J. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


New Haven, Conn. 


it ce ce 


Trenton, N. J. 


New Haven, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 


«ec 


ae 


Baltimore, Md. 
Boston, Mass. 


Albany, N. Y. 


Middletown and East 


Haddam, Conn. 


New York City 


Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 
Albany, N. Y. 
Philadelphia 


Salem, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


257 
PERIOD 


1802 
1816 
1731 
1816 
1840 
1835 


1810 
1821 
1797 
1808 
1840 


1780 
1811 
1765 
1817 
1810 
1830 
1837 


1815 
1749 
1817 
1808 
1781 


1796 


1769 
1817 
1816 


1835 
1810 


1808 
1802 


1830 


A773 
1819 


1797 
1802 
1813 
1767 
1816 
1838 
1817 


258 


SILVERSMITHS 
Foster, John 


Foster, Joseph 


Foster, Samuel 

Foster, N. & T. 

Foster, Thos. 
Fourniquet, Louis 
Fourniquet & Wheatley 
Fowler, Gilbert 
Fradgley, Thomas 
Francis, Julius C. 
Francis, Nathaniel 
Franciscus, George 
Frank, Jacob 

Franks, William 
Fraser, William 
Freeman, William 
Frinth, James 
Frobisher, Benjamin C. 


Frost & Mumford 


MARKS 


J.FOSTER in rectangle; bird in oval; 


wheat stack in oval 
PROSTER 


T.FOSTER in rectangle 
Fourniquet in shaped rectangie 


FOSTER 


N.FRANCIS in rectangle 


FROBISHER in oval; B. C. Frobisher 
in rectangle 
F & M in wavy lined rectangle 


Frotheringham, Ebenezer 


Fryer, John W. 
Fueter, Daniel C. 


Fueter, Lewis 
Fuller, Alexander 
Furt, Peter 


Gafkins, J. 
Gaither, Greenberg 
Gale, John L. 


Gale, John S. 
Gale, William 


Gale, William, Jr. 
Gale, William & Son 


Gale, Wood & Hughes 
Gale & Mosely 

Gale & Stickler 

Gale & Willis 

Gallop, Christopher 
Galt, Samuel 
Gardiner, Baldwin 


Gardiner, B. & 
Company 

Gardiner, John 

Gardiner, Sidney 


UG) 


D C F in a shaped rectangle; and N 
over YORK, in a shaped rectangle 


J.L.G. in rectangle; J.L.GALE in rec- 
tangle 

J. GALE in rectangle 

W.G, in rectangle; head in square; 
tulips in cup-shaped cartouche 

Wm.GALE JR in rectangle 

W.GALE & SON, W.G.&S. in 
oblong; diamond with 1825 in angles 

G. W. & H in rectangle 

G & M in serrated rectangle 

G & S in rectangle 


B.G in rectangle; animal in oval and 
head in oval; B;GARDINER in rec- 
tangle 


BG & CO in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used. his name or initials. 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


LOCATIONS _ PERIOD 
New York City 1811 
Boston, Mass. 1798 

if 1676-1702 

Newburyport, R. I. 1823 

° ¢.1825 

New York City 1795 

“6 «6 ce I 8 I 7 

«ce “ “cc I 825 

¥ “cc “< 1797 

Middletown, Conn. 1807 

New York City 1804 

Baltimore, Md. 1776 

Philadelphia 1785 

“<¢ 1839 

2 1735 

«¢ 1839 

. 1840 

Boston, Mass. 1834 

Providence, R. I, 1810 

Boston, Mass. 1756-1814 

Albany, N. Y. 1784 

New York City 1756 

ce a6“ “e 1775 

“cc ac “c I 8 I I 
Boston, Mass. 1720 _ 

Providence, R. I. 1832 

Dist. of Col. 1834 

New York City 1818 

«e ¢ ce 1820 

ae a ““ I 821 

“ce «ce “ec I 823 

is 9 ae «ae I 823 

«ce «e “ce I 835 

«< “e «se + 830 

“ec «ce «“ I 823 

« “ “ 1840 

Ledyard, Conn. 1790 

Williamsburg, Va. 1749 

New York City I 829 

“ee “cc “ I 825 

New London, Conn. 1734 

Philadelphia 1810 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 259 

SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
Gardner, John J. J:Gardner in rectangle Boston, Mass. 1730-1776 
Garllow, Shavelier t Philadelphia 1813 
Garner, John Cincinnati, Ohio | 1825 
Garren, Anthony Philadelphia 1813 
Garret, P. P. GARRET in rectangle i 1811 
Garret, T. C. & Co. T.C.GARRET & Co. in rectangle 5 1815 
Garrison, John New York City 1825 
Garrow & Dorsey Baltimore, Md. 1800 
Gaskins, W. W. W W G in rectangle Norfolk, Va. 1806 
Gatham, William Philadelphia 1802 
Gay, Charles Baltimore, Md. 1779 
Gay, Nathaniel Boston, Mass. 1664 
Gee, Joseph Philadelphia 1785 
Geffroy, Nicholas N.GEFFROY in escalloped rectangle Newport, R. I. 1782 
Geley, Peter Philadelphia 1793 
Gelston, George S. G. S. GELSTON in rectangle New York City 1833 
Gelston, Ladd & Co. GELSTON, LADD & CO. in rectangle “ bakes 1836 
Gelston & Co. FI ab 1837 
Gelston & Gould Baltimore, Md. 1819 
Gelston & Treadwell New York City 1836 
Georgion, Bernard Philadelphia 1794 
Georgeon & Philipe 4 1794 
German, Greenberg D. : 1814 
German, Joseph Baltimore, Md. 1819 
Germon, John Philadelphia 1788 
Gero, Francis * 1818 


Gerrish, Timothy GERRISH in serrated rectangle; T. 
| Gerrish (script) Portsmouth, N. H. 1753-1813 
Gethen, John Philadelphia 1811 
{ Gethen, William W.GETHEN in rectangle Ee 1797 
| Getty, James Williamsburg, Va. 1772 
‘ Getz, Peter P.Getz in rectangle Lancaster, Pa. 1782 
: Ghiselin, Caesar C G in heart; star; C G in rude oval; 
C G in rude hexagon Philadelphia 1695 
: Ghiselin, William W.G in rectangle; GHISELIN in rec- 
: tangle %: 1751 
: Gibbs, Daniel Boston, Mass. 1716 
bs Gibbs, John J GIBBS in rude oval Providence, R. I. 1790 
¥ Gibbs, John F. * ‘) 1803 
Giffing, Christopher C Giffing, N. Y. in rectangle New York City 1816 
; Gilbert, Samuel S G in square Hebron, Conn. 1798 
: Gilbert, Wm. Gilbert (script) and N. York (script) 
; both in rectangles; 
; GILBERT in rectangle; WG in rec- 
a tangle with N.YORK in rectangle New York City 1765 
; Gilbert, William W. W. Gilbert (script) in rude rectangle; 
| W G in box ert a es 1783 
FE Gilbert & Cunningham a se ds 1839 
Gill, Caleb GILL in rectangle Hingham, Mass. 1790 
Gill, Leavitt oh “ 1810 
Gilman, John W. I.W.G. incised Exeter, N. H. 1792 
Giquel, John B. F. New Orleans, La. 1822 
Girard, Francis Philadelphia 1817 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


259 


SILVERSMITHS 


Giraud, Henry 
Girrad, Henry 
Girreaun, Stephen 
Glidden, Joseph 
Goelet, Philip 
Goforth, Jeremiah 


Goldthwaite, Joseph 


Gombach, John 
Goodhue, John 
Gooding, Henry 
Gooding, Joseph 
Goodwin, Allyn 
Goodwin, Benjamin 
Goodwin, H. & A. 
Goodwin, Horace 
Goodwin, Ralph | 
Goodwin & Dodd 
Gordon, A. & J. 
Gordon, Alexander S. 
Gordon, G. 

Gordon, James 
Gordon, James S. 
Gorham, Jabez 
Gorham, John 
Gorham, Miles 


Gorham, Richard 
Gorham & Webster 
Gough, James 
Gould, J. 


Gould, John 


Gould, Stowell & Ward 


Gould & Ward 
Govert, James 
Gowen, William 


Graham, Daniel 
Grant, Thomas 
Grant, William, Jr. 


Gravelle, René L. 
Graves, Thomas 
Gravier, Nicholas 


Gray, G. 
Gray, John 


Gray, Robert 
Gray, Samuel 


Green, James 


American Silversmiths and 


MARKS 


J G, crowned fleur-de-lis below in shield 
P G in rude square; P G in oval 


cd 


J.GOODHUE in rectangle 
GOODING in double-lined rectangle 


' 


B:GOODWIN in rectangle 
GOODWIN in an oblong 


GORDON in escalloped rectangle 
G.Gordon in oblong 


M.G. in rectangle; M. GORHAM in 
rectangle 


Gorham & Webster (script) in rectangle 


J.GOULD and 10-15 in rectangles with 


curved ends 


W.G. in rectangle; W.GOWEN in rec- 
tangle | 


T. GRANT in rectangle 
W. Grant (script) in shaped rectangle 
and WG in oval 


G.GRAY in escalloped rectangle 


© 


R.Gray, script in rectangle 
S:GRAY in rectangle; GRAY in rec- 
tangle . 


er 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Their Marks “2 


Cincinnati, Ohio 


ts 


New York City 


Philadelphia “42 Ge 
Boston, Mass. —_160 

New York City | 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia. 


Salem, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 


= one “ 


Hartford, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. — 
Hartford, Conn. 


ac , “ee 


«ce “ P 
New York City. 
ac “ae “e 
“ 66 “ 


ge. es 


Philadelphia 
Providence, R. I. | 
New Haven, Conn. _ 


“  « “ 


ra] des =) Sn eae 


Provicence, Ry 1.2 7) 
Boston, Mass. | 


Baltimore, Md. < 
Philadelphia 
Baltimore _ 


Philadelphia 

Charlestown, Mass. i 
West Suffield, Conn. © 
Marblehead, Mass. — 


Philadelphia 


New Orleans, La. — 
Portsmouth, N. H. — ae 
New London, Conn. | 
Boston, Mass. — i re 
Portsmouth, N. H. 


Boston, Mass. _ ie r 2 
New York City 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Green, Benjamin 
Green, Rufus 


Greene, William & Co. 


Greenleaf, David 


Greenleaf, David, Jr. 


Greffin, Peter 
Griffen, P. 
Griffen & Hoyt 


Griffing, C. 
Grifith, David 
Grigg, William 


Grignon, Benjamin 
Grignon, René 


Grimke, John P. 
Griscom, George 
Griselm, Caesar 
Griswold, Gilbert 
Guercy, Dominick 
Guerin, Anthony 
Guille, Noah 
Gunn, Enos 
Gurley, William 
Gurnee, Benjamin 
Gurnee, B. & S. 
Gurnee & Co. 


Hackle, William 
Haddock, Henry 


Haddock & Andrews 


Hadwen, William 


Haggenmacher, J. H. & 


Co. 
Haines, Abraham 
Hall, Abijah 
Hall, Brower & Co. 
Hall, Charles 
Hall, David 


Hall, Drew 
Hall, Green 


Hall, Hewson & Merri- 


field 
Hall, Ivory 


Hall, Joseph 
Hall & Brower 


MARKS 


B:GREEN in rectangle 
R: GREEN in rectangle; R:GREEN in 
shaped rectangle 


GREENLEAF in wavy-lined rectangle 


DGreenleaf) 


GRIFFEN & HOYT in shaped rec- 
tangle; anchor, eagle, and star, each 
in circle 


GRIGG and W.GRIGG, each in 
shaped rectangle; Grigg (script) in 
shaped cartouche 


RG, crown above and dog below in very 
rudely drawn shield 


W. GRISWOLD in rectangle 


E. GUNN in rectangle 
W.G in rectangle 


D H in cartouche; D HALL in rec- 
tangle 


(HAD G27 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 
Boston, Mass. 


“ce “e 


Providence, R. I. 
Bolton, Mass. 


261 
PERIOD 


1712-1748 


1707-1717 
1815 


1737 


Norwich & Hartford, 


Conn. 
Hartford, Conn. 


Philadelphia 
Albany, N. Y. 


ce «¢ 


New York City 


Boston, Mass. 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. 


Norwich, Conn. 
Charleston, S. C. 
Philadelphia 


Middletown, Conn. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Norwich, Conn. 
Norwich, Conn. 
New York City 


Baltimore, Md. 


Boston, Mass. 
«ae “e 
Nantucket, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Albany, N. Y. 


Lancaster, Pa. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Albany, N. Y. 


“e “ec 


Concord, N. H. 
Albany, N. Y. 


«¢ “6 


1766 
1801 
1825 


1830 
1825 
1789 


1765 
1685 


1690 
1744 
1791 
1700 
1825 
1795 
1791 
1701 
1792 
1804 
1820 


1833 
1820 


1776 
1836 
1838 
1816 


1836 
1801 
1813 
1836 
1765 


1765 
1789 
1813 


1840 
1801 
1781 
1830 


262 


SILVERSMITHS 
Hall & Hewson 


Hallam, John 


Halsey, Jabez 


Halstead, Benjamin 
Halstead & Son 
Ham, George 
Hamill, James 
Hamill & Co. 
Hamilton, James 
Hamilton, John 
Hamlin, Cyrus 
Hamlin, William 


Hammersley, Thomas 
Hancock, John 
Handle, John 


Hanks, Benjamin 


Hannah, W. W. 
Hanners, George 


Hansell, Robert 
Harache, Pierre 


Harding, N. & C. 


Harding, Newill 


Harding, N. & Co. 
Hardwood, John 
Hardy, Stephen 
Harland, Thomas 
Harland, Thomas, Jr. 
Harpel, Thomas W. 
Harper, Alexander 
Harper, David 
Harper, Thomas W. 
Harris, George 
Harris, H. 

Harris & Stanwood 


Hart, Eliphaz 
Hart, John 
Hart, John J. 
Hart, Judah 
Hart, William 
Hart & Bliss 


MARKS 
H & Hin rectangle, head and eagle and 


D in cartouches 


' 
(RIALSEY) THALSEY! 


Halstead (script) in shaped cartouche 


J.HAMILL, N.Y. in rectangle 


W.H. in rectangle followed by crescent 
moon open to left; WH in rectangle 
with crescent moon open to right 

T.H in square; TH; TH (script) in 
oval 


J HANCOCK in oblong; J. HANCOCK 


in rectangle 


W. W. HANNAH, heavy, crude capi- 
tals, unframed 

G. HANNERS in rectangle; G H, crown 
above and pellet below, in shield; 

G.H in an oval. 


N. HARDING in rectangle; N. Hard- 
ing in rectangle 


N HARDING in rectangle; N HARD- 
ING in oblong © 
N.H & Co in rectangle 


HARDY in oblong with clipped corners 
HARLAND in rectangle 


H in circle, & in diamond; S in circle, 
connected HARRIS & STANWOOD 
in rectangle 

E. HART in n rectangle; E H in square 


Harb 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Albany, N. ee a Lee 
New London, Conn. 


New York City | 


“ce “< “ 


e id ae 


Portsmouth, N. H. 
New York City 


Annapolis, Md. 
New York City 
Portland, Me. . 
Middletown, Conn. : 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia © 
Windham, Conn. 
New York City sf: 
Boston, Mass. one 
Williamsburg, Va. a 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. — 


66 eae 


Philadelphia 


Portsmouth, N. By | 
Norwich, Conn. j 


Phitadetonies i x 


New York City © yeu 
Albany, N. Y. 


Boston, Mass. 
Norwich, Conn. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Berlin, Conn. 
Philadelphia 
ages, Conn. 


aie nie 


ee ae ee ee ee eee ae ee ee 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Hart & Brewer 
Hart & Wilcox’ 
Hartford, George 
Hartin & Bargi 
Hartley, Samuel 
Hartman, Philip 
Haskell, Barnabus 


Hastier, John 


Hastier, Marquette 
Hastings, B. B. 
Haugh, Samuel 
Haverstick, William 
Hawley, Noah 
Haws, John 
Hayden & Gregg 
Hayes & Colton 
Hays, Andrew 
Hays & Myers 


Head, Joseph 
Healy 


Heath, John 


Heck, Ludwig 
Hedges, David, Jr. 


Heguenburg, Charles, Jr. 
Hempsted & Chandler 


Henchman, Daniel 


Hendriks, Ahasuerus 


Henry, Felix 


MARKS 


' | 
HART & WILCOX in rectangle 


HAW ca 


M H in square 


S H in square 


HAYDEN & GREGG in rectangle 


HAYS & MYERS in rectangle; H & M 


in oblong 


PHEATH 
L H in square 


HEDGES in rudely drawn rectangle 


Henchman in rectangle; D.H in rec- 


tangle 


A H conjoined in an asymmetric circle; 
At in oval; A.H in oval 


Hequenbourg, Charles, Jr. 


Herbert, Timothy B. 


Herils, Francis 
Heron, Isaac 
Heurtin, William 
Hews, Abrahan, Jr. 
Hewson, John D. 
Heyer, William B. 


Heyer & Gale 


Higbie & Crosby 
Hildebur, 
Hill, James 

Hill & Waddill 
Hilldrup, Thomas 
Hiller, Benjamin 


Hiller, Joseph 
Hilton, William 
Hind, John 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


W H in rectangle 


A. HEWS Jr. in rectangle 


LOCATIONS 


Middletown, Conn. 


Norwich, Conn. 


Philadelphia 


Bound Brook, N. J. 


Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 


ce «¢ “ce 


Cleveland, Ohio 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Newark, N. J. 


Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass.’ 
Newark, N. J. 


Lancaster, Pa. 


New York City 


New Haven, Conn. 


New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
New Haven, Conn 
New York City 
Philadelphia 

New York City 


Boston, Mass. 


Albany, N. Y. 


W.B.HEYER in rectangle; W.B.HEYER 


in shaped rectangle 
W.B.HEYER in rectangle; & in rec- 
tangle; J.GALE in an oblong 
HIGBIE & CROSBY in oblong 
HILDEBUR in oval 


B H two crescents below, in shaped 
rectangle; B H in cartouche 


New York City 


oe «ec “e 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Petersburg, Va. 
Hartford, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. — 
“ae “oe 


Philadelphia 


263 


PERIOD 


1800 
1805 
1794 
1766 
1818 
1813 
1833 


1726 


1771 
1835 
1675 
1781 
1816 
1837 
1840 
1831 
1769 


1770 
1798 
1773 
1761 


1760 
1880 
1809 
1811 


1751 


1675 
1815 


1781 
1816 
1804 
1768 
1731 
1838 
1815 


1798 


1807 
1820 
1790 
1770 
1780 
1774 


1711 
1745 
1814 
1760 


264 


SILVERSMITHS 
Hinsdale, Epaphras 
Hitchborn, Daniel 
Hitchborn, Samuel 
Hitchcock, Eliakim 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks Be 


“MARKS 
HINSDALE in crude rectangle 


E H, cross between in rectangle; E H 


(orHitchborn, Eliakim) in rectang 


Hobarth, Joshua 


Hobbs, Nathan 
Hodge, John 


Hoffman, Frederick 


Hoffman, James M. 
Holland, Littleton 


Hollingshead, John 


Hollingshead, William 


Holmes, Adrian B. 
Holmes, Israel 
Holmes, J. 
Holmes, William 
Holton, David 
Holton, John 
Holyoke, Edward 
Homes, William 


Homes, William, Jr. 
Hoover, Henry 
Hoover, Joseph E. 
Hopkins, Jesse 
Hopkins, Joseph 
Hopper, Samuel 
Hosford, Harley 
Hotchkiss, Hezekiah 
Houlton, John 
Houtzell, Jacob 
How, David 
Howard, Abraham . 
Howard, John 
Howard, Thomas 
Howard, William 
Howe, G. C. & Co. 
Howe, George C, 


Howe, Otis 
Howell, G. W. 


Howell, James 


Howell, Paul 
Howell, Silas W. - 


J.HOBAR 
ends 

HOBBS in rectangle 

J. HODGE in rectangle with HADLEY 


in rectangle 


in oblong with rounded 


J. M. HOFFMAN in rectangle 

L. HOLLAND in rectangle, STER in 
rectangle, A, head, and a web in 
cartouches 


WH (fancy script) in shaped car 


touche 
A. Holmes in rectangle 


HOLYOKE in rude rectangle © 


W. HOMES in rectangle; HOMES in 


rectangle, W.H in rectangle 
W. Homes in oval 


GEO. C. HOWE in oblong; anchor, 


star, and eagle in separate ovals 


G W Howell (script) in réctangle, 


aad 


I.Howell (script) in shaped cartouche 

P. HOWELL in rectangle; Howell 
(script) in shaped rectangle 

S. W. Howell (script) in rectangle 
same in shaped rectangle 


——_—_—__—_—e 
tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 


- Waterbury, Conn. 
eé 6 


us 
ld 


LOCATIONS 
New York City | 
Boston, Mass, — 

4c “cc 


New Haven, Conn. 
“cc “ee «“e 


Boston, Mass. 


Hadley, Mass. : 
Philadelphia 


Baltimore, Md. | 
Philadelphia 


“ce 


New York City 
Waterbury, Conn. 
New York City — 


Baltimore, Md. — 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass, — 


“ce “e 


Philadelphia 


Philadelphia 
New York City . 
New Haven, Conn 
Philadelphia Ret 


Boston, Mass. a 
Salem, Masay so: soe 
Philadelphia 

Boston, Mass. ahs 
New York City 


Boston, Mass. 
“ +“ 


Philadelphia — 


New York City _ 
Albany, N. v7 aa 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


. SILVERSMITHS 


Howell & Arnold 

Hoyt, George B. 

Hoyt, Henry E. 

Hoyt, S. 

Hubbal, William 

Hughes, Christopher & 
a 


O. 

Hughes, Edmund 
Hughes, Henry 
Hughes, J. 
Hughes & Bliss 
Hughes & Francis 
Hulbeart, Philip 


Hull, John 


Hull & Sanderson 


Humbert, Augustus 
Humphreys, Richard 


Humphreys, Thomas 
Hunlock, Bouman 
Hunnewell, George W. 
Hunt, Edward 

Hunt, William 
Huntington, Phil 


Huntington, Roswell 
Hurd, Benjemin 
(son of Jacob Hurd) 


Hurd, Isaac 


Hurd, Jacob 
Hurd, Nathaniel 


Hurst, Henry 
Husband, John 


Huston, James 
Hutchins, Jacob 
Hutton, George 
Hutton, Isaac 


Hutton, I & G. 
Hutton, John 


Hutton, John S. 
Hyde & Goodrich 


Hyde & Nevins 


MARKS 


} . 

GEO. B. HOYT in rectangle 
HENRY HOYT in rectangle 
S. HOYT in rectangle 


J. HUGHES in rectangle 


P H in shaped square 


qy tid 
MEH 


R H (script) in shaped cartouche; R H 
in rectangle; R.H in oval, R.HUm- 
phreys (script) in shaped cartouche 


P H in square; Huntington in shaped 
rectangle 


B H, arrow between, in a rectangle 


GD Gp ta 
Wen Bo 


N.Hurd in rectangle; N. Hurd, very 
small, in cartouche 

H H in a shield 

Probably the I H (script) in shaped 
rectangle given in American Church 
Silver, page 81 


HUTCHINS in rude oblong 
Spray or bird in circle; HUTTON in 


oblong; first figure repeated and 
ALBANY in rectangle 


HYDE & GOODRICH in rectangle; 
N.O. in rectangle 
Hyde & Nevins in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 
Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


Dist. of Col. 


Baltimore, Md. 
Hampton, Conn. 


Baltimore, Md. 


Middletown, Conn. 
“ce ae 


“e “ce 


Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


“ “ec 


New York City 


Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
“¢ 
«ee 
Norwich, Conn. 
“ace cc 
Roxbury, Mass. 
1 «e 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
Baltimore 

New York City 
Albany, N. Y. 


New Orleans, La. 
New York City 


265 
PERIOD 
1797 
1840 
1820 
1840 
1834 


1773 
1804 


1781 
1798 
1806 
1807 
1761 


1645 


1652 
1818 


1771 
1814 
fhe? 
1836 


17h] 
1819 


1791 
1763 
1739 


1754 


1702 


1729 
1665 


1796 
1799 
1774 
1799 


1790 
1799 
1720 
1684 


1830 
1798 


266 


SILVERSMITHS 
Iago, Henry 
Ingraham, Joseph 
Inman, Benjamin 


Isaacks, Michael 


Jacks, James 
Jacks, William 
Jackson, Daniel 


_ Jackson, James 
Jackson, John 
Jackson, Joseph 

_ Jacob, Moses 

Jacobs, Abel 

Jacobs, George 

Janvier, Louis 

Jarvis, Munson 


Jenckes, John C. 


Jenckes & Co. 
Jenkins, John 
Jennings, Jacob 
Jennings, Jacob, Jr. 
Jesse, David 


Johannes, John M. 
John, 
Johnson, C. 

Johnson, John 


Johnson, Maycock W. 


Johnson, Samuel 
Johnson & Ball 
Johnson & Reat 
Johonnot, William B. 
Jones, Ball & Co. 
Jones, Ball & Poor 
Jones, E. 

Jones, George B. 
Jones, James 
Jones, John 

Jones, John B. 


Jones, William 
Jones, William 
Jones & Ward 
Jordan, Peter 
Joubert, P. 
Judah, 


Kay, Amos 
Keeler, A. 


Keeler, Joseph 
Keeler, Thaddeus 


MARKS 


D I in cartouche; DJACKSON in ob- 


long 


JACKSON in oblong 


A JACOBS in rectangle 
G. JACOBS in long oval 


M:] in box; M.J in box 
ue JENCKES incised; JCJENCKES i in 


an oblong 


G) ap 


JOHN in an oblong 


M.W.JOHNSON in engrailed rectangle 
S J in oblong ~ 


JOHNSON & REAT in once oval 


=<t 


J. JONES in oblong 

J. B. JONES in oblong and PURE 
COIN in rectangle 

W.1I in square 


A K in square; the K resembles H 
KEELER in rectangle; lower line en- 
grailed 


(5 IKE 
T KEELER in oblong 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Baltimore, Md. 


- Boston, Mass. ae 


Baltimore, Md. a 


New York City — 
Portland, Me. 
Philadelphia sa 8 
New York City .  - 196 


Charleston, S. C. 
Philadelphia 


New York City 
Baltimore, Md. 
New York City 
Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 


Charleston, = Cy | 
Stamford, Conn. 


Providence, R. I. 
ce “ee 


- Philadelphia ap 
New London, Conn, ‘hes 


Boston, Mass. a 
Baltimore, Md. | 

Albany, N. deer 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


Middletown, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


Marblehead, Mass. 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


New York City 7 
Boston, Mass. 3 ise 


er et Pee 
New London, Cone: : 


““ te 


Boston, Mass 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 267 


SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
Keiff, Joseph t Philadelphia 1831 
Keith, T. & W T. & W. KEITH in rectangle New York City 1805 
Keley, Grael Boston, Mass. 1823 
Kelly, Allen Providence, R. I. 1810 
Kelley, E. G. & J. H. - re 1820 
Kendle, Charles New York City 1807 
Kendrick, William W. KENDRICK, LOUISVILLE, _in- 

cised Louisville, Ky. 1840 
Kennedy, Mathew Philadelphia 1825 
Kenrick, Anwy] Maryland 1775 
Ketchum, James New York City 1807 
Kettell, Thomas T. K in rectangle Charlestown, Mass. 1781 


Keyworth, Robert R. KEYWORTH in rectangle 
Kiersteade, Cornelius © C Kincartouche; C Kin rectangle; C.K 


Washington, D. C. 1830 


in oval; C K, a diamond and two New York City 1753 
pellets below in shield New Haven, Conn. 1722 
Kimberly, William W K in rectangle; Kimberly in shaped 
rectangle New York City 1790 
King, Joseph Middletown, Conn. 1770 
Kingston, John New York City 1775 
Kinney, Thomas T K in rectangle; T K in partially en- 
grailed rectangle Norwich, Conn. 1825 
Kip, Benjamin New York City 1702 
Kippen, George G.KIPPEN in rectangle Middletown, Conn. 1790 
Bridgeport, Conn. 1825 
Kirby, William New York City 1783 
i (+12) i : 
Kirk, Samuel Baltimore, Md.f 1816 
: ; Ke ia, S a Baltimore, Md. 1818 
Kirk & Smith pay 
KIRK & SMITH 1820 
Kirtland, Joseph P. Middletown, Conn. 1796 
Kitchen, Andrew Philadelphia 1835 
Kline, Bartholomew r4 1837 
Kline, B. & Co. ~ 1837 
Kneeland, I. TExiueland Boston, Mass. 1698 
Krause, John S. Bethlehem, Pa. 1805 
Kucher, Jacob THUCHER| Philadelphia 1806 
Kumbel, William New York City 1780 
Lachaise, Peter New York City 1794 
Ladd, William F. WM F. LADD in rectangle; NEW 
YORK in rectangle eed Mas 1830 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. ; 

{Pursuant to an act of the Maryland Legislature, the local government of Baltimore, in 1814, passed 
a law which interdicted the use of a lower standard of silver than 11 02. troy to the pound of metal, and 
appointed an assayer who signified his approval of pieces submitted to him by affixing a dominical letter, 
arbitrarily chosen, and a head of the goddess of liberty. The office was abolished in 1830 and a law was 
substituted requiring the gold or silversmith to stamp the quality of his wares. The use of the head was 
discontinued in 1823. The letters and the years represented by each are: A, 1815; G (and F), 1816; E, 1817, 
D, 1818, C, 1819, B (and A) 1820; G, 1821; F, 1822; E, 1823; C (and D), 1824; B, 1825; A, 1826; G, 18275 
F (and E), 1828; D, 1829. 


268 
SILVERSMITHS 


Laforme, Antoine 
Laforme, Bernard 


Laforme, F. J. 


Lainecourt, Stephen 


Lakeman, E. K. 
Lamar, Benjamin 
Lamar, Mathias 
Lamesiere, Peter 
Lamothe, John 


Lamothe, Pierre & Sons 


Lampe, John 
Lamson, J. 
Lane, Aaron 
Lang, Edward 


Lang, Jeffery 


Lang, Richard 
Langer, Joseph 


Lansing, Jacob 


Laperouse, John B. 


Laroussebierre, Peter 


Lashing, Peter 
Lathrop, Rufus 
Latruit, John P 


Lawrence, Josiah H. 


Lawrie, Robert O. 
Leach, Charles 


Leach, John 
Leach, Nathaniel 
Leach, Samuel 
Leach & Bradley 


Leacock, John 


Leacock, Peter 
Le Blanc, Lewis 
Ledell, Joseph 
Le Dore, 
Lee, S. W. 


Lefevre, F. 
Lefevre, John F, 
Lefevre & Gravelle 
Legare, Francis 
Lemaire, Baptiste 
Lemaire, Mathias 
Lench, Peter 
Lendigree, M. 
Lent, John » 
Leonard, Allen 
Leret, Peter 


Le Roux, Bartholomew 


Le Roux, Charles 


MARKS 


B L in oval, LAMAR in. oblong 


Lamothe (script) in shaped oblong 


J. LAMSON in rectangle 
A L in oval 
E D in cartouche; LANG in oblong 


ING) LANG 
R LANG in rectangle 


KD iy 


C.L in engrailed rectangle; LEACH 
in oblong 


S.L in square 


[ED ELEAcoch £2) 


S.LEE in oblong; teapot in cartouche; _ 


wheat stack in cartouche 


P. Leret in buses 
BR (LR conjoined) in a cartouche 
C L in box; C L in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Boston, Mass. 
“ (. e 
“6 “ 


New York City _ 
Philadelphia 


New Orleans, La. 
New Orleans, La. 
Baltimore, Md. 


Elizabeth, N. J. 
Salem, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
Albany, N. Y. 


New Orleans, La. — 
New York City ait 


Norwich, Conn. | : 
Washington, Dz. oy 
_ Philadelphig 


Boston, Mass. 


“ce 


Philadelphia 
~~: oe sat N ; 


Providence, R. i . 
Philadelphia Se 


Boston, Mass. age = 
Philadelphia : es ; 


New York Ci ity 


a “ ai RS, a a 
Pepe Sun 
New York ae 


“ 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 
Le Roux, John 
Lescure, Edward 
Le Telier, John 


Letourneaux, M. 
Levely, 
Leverett, Knight 


Levis, William 
Lewin, Gabriel 
Lewis, Harvy 


Lewis, Isaac 


Lewis, Tunis 


Lewis & Smith 


Lightfoot, James 
Linch, Peter 
Lincoln, Elijah 
Lincoln & Foss 
Lincoln & Read 
Lindner, George 
Lingley, Henry 
Link, Peter 
Lintot 

Little, Paul 
Little, William 
Lockwood, A. 
Lockwood, James 
Lofland, Purnel 
Logan, Adam 
Logan, James 
Long, Andrew 
Long, William 
Longly, Henry 
Lord, Benjamin 
Lord, Jabez C. 
Lord, Joseph 
Lord & Smith 
Loring, Elijah 


Loring, Henry 
Loring, Joseph ; 


Loud, Asa 
Low, Ball & Co. 


Low, Francis 


Low, John J. & Co. 


Low, John S. 
Lower, Joseph 


MARKS 


qm & 
T 
(LETEDIER (2S 


K LEVERETT in rectangle; K L in 
rectangle; K L in straight-topped 
shield; K Leverett (script) in oblong 


~GL in square 


H. LEWIS in rectangle 
Lewis & Smith (script) in shaped ob- 
long 


E.LINCOLN in rectangle 
LINCOLN & FOSS in rectangle 
LINCOLN & READ in rectangle 


W L in rectangle 
A. LOCKWOOD in oblong 


A.LOGAN in rectangle 
H.LONGLY (script) in shaped oblong 
J. LORD in oblong 


E.Loring (last four letters in script) in 
shaped cartouche; E.Loring in car- 
touche 


J.J.LOW & CO. in rectangle 


LOWER in rectangle 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


“6 


New York City 
Baltimore, Md. 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 


Ridgefield, Conn. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


Hingham, Mass. 


Boston, Mass. 
“ce “6c 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Portland, Me. 


269 
PERIOD 
1723 
1822 
1770 


1797 
1788 


1724 
1810 
iar 


I8iI 


1796 
1805 


1806 
1749 
1805 
1818 
1829 


1835 


1837 
I8Io 


I8iI 
1762 
1760 


Newburyport, Mass. 1775 


New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


“é 


New York City 
Pittsfield, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 

New York City 


Barnstable, Mass. 


Boston, Mass. 
Hull, Mass. 


Boston, Mass. 
Hartford, Conn. 


Boston, Mass. 
“<“ 66 


“ec «ce 


Salem, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


1810 
1799 
1810 
1803 
1810 
1837 
1807 
1810 
1796 
1823 
1815 
1823 


1773-1818 
1794 


1743 
18Io 
1792 
1840 
1827 
1828 
1821 
1806 


270 


SILVERSMITHS 


Lowner, Jacob 
Lowner, William 
Lownes, Edward 


Lownes, J. & J. H. 


Lownes, Joseph 


Lownes, Josiah H. 


Lownes & Erwin 
Loyer, Adrian 
Lucet, James 
Luls, Lambert 
Lusada, Benjamin 
Luscomb, John G. 
Lussaur, John 


Lyell, David 
Lynch, John 
Lynde, Thomas 
Lyng, John 


Lyng, John Burt 


Lynn, Adam 


Mabrid & Co. 
MacFarland, John 


Machon, Austin 
Main, David 


Mainwaring, Thomas 


Mairot, Jean C. 
Mann, Alexander 
Mannerback, L. 
Manning, Daniel 
Manning, Joseph 
Manning, Samuel 


Mansfield, Elisha H, 


Mansfield, John 


Mansfield, Thomas 
Marble, Simeon 


Marchand, Evariste 
Marquand, Frederick 


Marquard, Isaac 


Marquand & Brother 


Marquand & Co. 
Marshall, Joseph 
Marshall, Thomas 


ee et 


MARKS 


i 


E.LOWNES in rectangle and tree in 
oval; E,LOWNES in wavy rectangle 


Cinna (SG 


SL) UHL 


J.LYNCH in oblong and [ELYNGH 


T.LYNDE in oval cartouche 


nd a} 


I B L in rectangle; LYNG in engrailed 
rectangle, followed by N. YORK i in 
rectangle 


J :M.: FARLAND in oblong; J M ’F 
oblong 


‘ 


S.MARBLE in oblong 


F, MARQUAND in shaped rectangle; 
F.M in rectangle; Lion in cartouche; 


F and C in separate rectangles 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Bir a 


Savannah, Ga. 
New York City © 
“ce “ce “cc 


Boston, Mass, 
New York City _ 


Baltimore, Md. 
Worcester, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


f 


New York City zs 
Alexandria, Va. 


New York City = 


Boston, Mass. | 
Philadelphia 
Stonington, Conn. — : 
West New Jersey _ 
New Orleans, La. | Sie 18: 
Middletown, Chae ae 
Reading, Pa. 
Boston, Mass. > 
New York re 
oston, Mass, > 
Norwich, Conn. 
Charlescawn core 


Philadelphia Re, 
New Haven, Conn, te 
New Orleans, La. i 


New York City ee 
“ “ es ie 

Philadelphia 

Troy, N.. Yao een 


SILVERSMITHS 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


MARKS 


Marshall & Tempest t 
Martin, Abraham W. 


Martin, Peter 
Mather & North 


-Matlack, William 


P.MARTIN in oblong 
MATHER & NORTH in double ruled 
rectangle 


Maverick, Peter R. 


Maysenhoelder, C. 

McClymon, J. C. (TLCLymon) Paar 
McConnell, Hugh McCONNELL in oblong 
McConnelly, H. 

McCormick, John 


McCrea, Robert 
McDaniel, Peter 


McDonald, Daniel 
McDonnough, Patrick 


McDonough, John 

McFarland, John J.M’F. in oblong; J. M’7FARLAND in 
oblong 

McFee, John 

McFee, M. 

McFee & Reeder M & R (& is very minute) in rectangle 


McGraw, Daniel 


McIntire, James 

McIntosh, John 

McKliment, John 

McLawrence, John 

McMahon, John 

McMaster, John 

McMullen, James 

McMullen, William 

MeMulin, John 7 Th) UEtal) 
THQ TM Min) 

McMullin & Black McMuLLin & BLack in rectangle 


McPherson, Robert 


Meade, Adriance 


Mecom, John 
Mecum, George 
Merchant, J. 


Merkler, John H. 


& Co. MEADE & ADRIANCE in rectangle, 
ST. Louis in oblong 


J.MERCHANT in oblong 


4) 


Merrifield, Thomas V. Z. 


Merriman, C. 


Merriman, Marcus 


+Where no mark 


M.M in engrailed oval; M.M. between 
parallel curves, convexed on upper 
sides and closed at ends; M.M in 
oblong; eagle, M, and wheat shock 
each in square 


is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


«¢ 


New Britain, Conn. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


«ce 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


“ce 


Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 


Chester, Pa. 
Philadelphia 


Ft. Stanwix, Pa. 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


«ae 


ae 


«e 


St. Louis, Mo. 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


Cheshire, Conn. 


New Haven, Conn. 


271 


PERIOD 


1813 


1835 
1756 


1825 
1828 
1780 
1824 


1805 


1813 
1811 
1837 
1785 
1743 
1828 
1811 


1775 


1796 
1793 
1769 
1797 
1772 
1840 
1761 
1804 
1818 
1804 
1805 
1814 


1791 


1796 


1811 
1831 


1831 


1770 
1836 


1795 
1788 
1840 
1825 


1762. 
1787 


272 


SILVERSMITHS 


Merriman, Reuben 
Merriman, Samuel 
Merriman, Silas 
Merriman & Bradley 


Merriman, Marcus & 


Co. 
Merriman & Tuttle 
Merrow, Nathan 
Michaels, James 


Miksch, John M. 


Miles, John 
Milhe, Stephen 
Millar, James 
Millard, George 
Miller, William 


Miller & Son 
Millner, Thomas 


Millon, Peter 
Milloudon, Phillippe 
Mills, Edmund 
Mills, Edward 
Mills, John 

Milne, Edmund 


Milné, F. 
Milne, Thomas 
Minott, Samuel 


Minott & Austin 
(Samuel & Joseph) 
Minott & Simpkins 
(Samuel & William) 
Minshall, William 
Mitchell, Phineas 
Mitchell, William 
Mix, James 
Mobbs, William 
Moffat, Charles H. 
Moffat, John L. 


Mood, Joseph 


Moore, Charles 
Moore, John C, 


Moore, John L. 


oe es Ria Suteban ‘ vic Nae 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


MARKS © 


tT 


S.Merriman in rectangle 


M & B, tree above the &, in circle on 
rectangle; M & B, bird above the &, 
in circle on rectangle 

M M&CO in escalloped rectangle; staff 
of wheat in circle 


(CEMIKSCH) 


MILLER in rectangle; Miller in script 
capitals in oblong 


T M in heavy capitals in cartouche; 
T M in oblong 


E.MILNE in oblong; E M in oval car- 
touche; EM in a rude square 


S M in box; M (script) in box; Minott. 
in oblong; Minott (script) in rec- 
tangle : 

Minnot and I A in rectangles 


Minott (script) in rectangles and WS 
in rectangle 


W. MITCHELL, rude capitals on scroll 


and J MOOD in wavy- 


lined oblong; J&P MOOD in engrailed 
oblong 


J.C.M. in rectangle, followed by star, 
anchor, and M in rude circles 
J.L.M. in rectangles; J.L. MOORE in 


rectangle 


fWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 


“ig ¥ 


LOCATIONS ko 
Litchfield, Conn. 
Cheshire,Conn. 
New Haven, Conn. Gok 


«¢ ce 


“ce a9 “ a 


“e “ce “ce 


East Hartford, Conn. 
New York City i 
Bethlehem, Pa. 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


ce 


“c 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Philadelphia — 


oe 


FT es 


ac 


New York City — 


“ 
Boston, Mass. 
“ al 5 tn 


Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


“ce = 08. 


Albany, N. Y. 
Buffalo, Nu Yin 
New York City | 


Philadelphia | 


New York City ato 


“ce “e “cc a: 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Moore, Robert 
Moore, Thomas 
Moore & Brewer 
Moore & Brown 
Moore & Ferguson 
Morgan, John 
Mormagea, Michael 
Morris, John 
Morris, Sylvester 
Morris, William H. 
Morrison, Israel 
Morse, David 
Morse, Hazen 
Morse, J. H. 
Morse, Moses 
Morse, Nathaniel 


Morse, Stephen 
Moseley, David 


Moseley, Joseph 
Moses, Jacob 

Moses, M. 

Moshore, John 

Moss, Isaac N. 

Mott, John & William 
Mott, J. S. 

Mott, W. & J. S. 


Moulinar, John 


Moulton, Abel 
Moulton, Ebenezer S. 


Moulton, Enoch 


Moulton, Joseph, I 


Moulton, Joseph, II 
Moulton, Joseph, LI 
Moulton, William, I 


Moulton, William, IT 


Moulton, William, III 
Moulton & Bradbury 
Moulton & Davis 
Mulford, John H. 
Mumford, H. G. 


MARKS 


J. H. MORSE in rectangle 

M. MORSE in rectangle 

N M crowned, bird? below in a shield; 
N M in a rectangle 

MORSE in rectangle 

D Moseley, in rectangle; D M in rec- 
tangle; D Moseley (script) in rec- 
tangle 


MOSES in oblong 


MOTT?’S in wavy-lined rectangle 
J MOTT in rectangle 


(EM) (EM) dD 

A.MOULTON in rectangle 

E. S. Moulton (script) in oblong; 
MOULTON incised 

E. MOULTON in rectangle, straight- 
lined on top and serrated on 3 sides 

J.M. in an engrailed rectangle; 


re FE MIOUr x J. MOULTON 
EM Q@/DEMOULTON) incised 


(MOULTON GO iI) 


MOULTON in heavy capitals 


W.MOULTON in rectangle; MOUL- 
TON in a rectangle; MOULTON in- 
cised 

W M in rectangle; MOULTON in rec- 
tangle 

MOULTON in rectangle 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Maryland 
Philadelphia 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
«ec a 


New York City 
Birmingham, Ga.{ 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Derby, Conn. 
New York City 


Newburyport, Mass. 
Boston, Mass. 


Portland, Me. 


Newburyport, Mass. 


Albany, N. Y. 


Providence, R. I. 


{The town is correctly located in Georgia; it now has a population of 100, 


273 
PERIOD 
1778 
1805 


1835 


1833 
1801 


1813 
1816 
1796 
1797 
1759 
1323 
1798 
1815 
1792 
1816 


F729 
1764 


1774 
1830 
1768 
1830 
1905 
1781 
1789 
1790 
1789 
744 


1815 


1796 


1801 


1680 


1740 
1813 


1710 


1720 
1772 
1796 
1824 


1835 
1813 


274 


SILVERSMITHS 
Munroe, James 


Munson, Amos 
Munson, Cornelius 
Murdock, James 


Murphy, James 
Musgrave, James 
Myer, H. B. 
Myers, Albert 


Myers, John 


Myers & Jacob 
Myers, Myer 


Mygatt, Comfort S. 
Mygatt, David 
Mygatt, Eli 

Mysendhender, 


Nagles, John 
Neuill, Richard 
Neuss, Jan . 


Nevill, Richard 
Newberry, Edwin C. 
Newhall, Dudley 
Newkirke, Joseph 


Newman, Timothy H. 


Nichols, Bassett 
Nichols, William S. 


Nicherson, Baty 
Nixon, Richard 
Noble, Joseph 


Norcross, Nehemiah 


Norris, George 
North, William B. 
North & Co. 
Northee, David I. 


Northey, Abijah 
Norton, Andrew 
Norton, Benjamin 
Norton, C. C. 
Norton, Samuel 
Norton, Thomas 
Norton & Pitkin 


and PURE COIN in rectangles 


Cade TH 
1 ada 


J. MURPHY in oblong 
Musgrave (script) in shaped cartouche 
H B Myer in oblong 


TEMES Gitjep 


MM (script) in oval; MM in rectangle; 
MM in cartouche; Myer (script) in 
shaped cartouche 


D.MYGATT in escalloped rectangle 


IN, spray? below in a heart; the I is 
barred 


I.N in oval; I.N. in rectangle 

Newman (script) in cartouche 

NICHOLS in rectangle; anchor, star, 
and Head in ovals 

W.S.N in rectangle; NICHOLS in rec- 
tangle 


W.B.N in rectangle 
D.I.NORTHEE in a rectangle; D N 


in rectangle 
A N in rectangle 


C C NORTON in rectangle 


T N in rectangle 
C.C.NORTON in rectangle; & in 
rectangle; W. PITKIN in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 


Barnstable, Mass. _ 
New Haven, Conn. 
Wallingford, Conn. 


Philadelphia 


New York City | 


Philadelphia 


«“e 


New York City | 
Danbury, Conn. 


Philadelphia 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Mansfield, Conn. 
Salem, Mass. 
New York City — 
? 


Providence, R. 1B 


Newport, R. I. 
Harwich, Mass. 
Philadelphia _ 
Portland, Me. 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


New York Ci ty 
Salem, Mass. . 


Goshen, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. 
Hartford, Conn. 
Hingham, Mass. 
Farmington, Conn, 


Hartford, Conn. 


Tae ea ieee 
Ba oat 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 
Norwood, Richard 


Noyes, John 


Noyes, Samuel 
Noyes, N. & T. F. 
Nuttall, Joseph 


Oakes, Frederick 


Oakes & Spencer 
Obrihim, Joseph 
Odell, Lawrence 
Oertelt, Charles E. 
Ogier, John 
Ogilvie, Gabriel 
Oliver, Andrew 
Oliver, Daniel 
Oliver, Peter 
Olivier, Peter 


Olmstead, Nathaniel 


Onclebagh, Garret 
Osgood, J. 
Osthoff, Andrew 
Otis, John 

Otis, Jonathan 


Ott, Daniel 
Ott, George 


Overin, Richard 
Owen, Jesse 
Owen, John 


Paddy, Samuel 
Painter, John 
Palmer, James 
Palmer & Bachlader 
Palmer & Clapp 


Palmer & Hinsdale 


Pancoast, Samuel 


Paradice, William A. 


Paraset, William 
Parham, William © 
Parie, Joseph 
Parisen, Otto 
Parisien, Otto W. 
Parisien, O. & Son | 
Parker, Daniel 


MARKS 


t 
TH) kD 


OAKES in rectangles; OAKES in 
oblong 
O & S in rectangle 


D. OLIVER in a rectangle 

P.O in heart 

P.O in engrailed rectangle 

N OLMSTEAD in rectangle, followed 
by bird in cartouche and P (probably 


a workman’s mark) in cartouche 


GBO, letter in each leaf of trefoil 


J.Ous (script) in oblong; Otis in car- 
touche; I.O in a cartouche; Otis 
(small script) in cartoon; Otis (large) 
in rectangle 


G. Ott (script) in oblong, Ott (script) 
in rectangle 


JSE E. OWEN in rectangle 
I.OWEN in rectangle; OWEN in rec- 
tangle 


Parisen in rectangle 


O P D P in oblong 
D: P in rectangle ; D : PARKER in 
rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 
New York City 


Boston, Mass. 


Norwich, Conn. 
> 


——, Maryland 


Hartford, Conn. 
ae “cc 


Annapolis, Md. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 


New Haven, Conn. 


New York City 
Salem, Mass. 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Barnstable, Mass. 


Newport, R. I. 
New York City 


Norfolk, Va. 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


“6 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 


“é 
“ce 


ae 


New York City 


ae ‘ 


ae as “6 


Boston, Mass. 


275 
PERIOD 
1774 
1695 


1779 


1778 


1825 
1814 
1784 
1830 
1831 
1791 
1791 
1722 
1805 
1682-1712 


1797 


1826 
1698 
1817 
1815 
1706 


17g! 
1792 


1806 
1702 
1794 


1804 


1659 


1735 
1815 


1815 
1823 
1815 
1785 
1799 
1811 
1785 
ISI 
1763 
I7g1 
1789 


1727-1786 


276 


SILVERSMITHS 


Parker, George 
Parker, Isaac 
Parker, Richard 
Parker, William H. 
Parkman, C. 
Parkman, John 
Parkman, Thomas 
Parks, John 
Parmele, James 
Parmele, Samuel 


Parry, Martin 
Parry, Rowland 
Parry & Musgrave 
Parsons, 
Pascal, William 
Paterson, George 
Pattit, Thomas 
Patton, Thomas 
-Paulgreen, Quam 
- Paxson, John A. 
Peabody, John 
Peale, Charles W. 
Pear, Edward 
Pearce, W. 


Pearse, Samuel 
Pearson, John 


Peck, Lawrence M. 
Peck, Timothy 
Pedosy, S. 

Peiri, Joseph 
Pelletreau, Elias 


Pelletreau, John 
Pelletreau, Maltby 
Pelletreau, William S: 


Pelletreau & Upson 
Pepper, Henry I. 
Perkins, Houghton 
Perkins, Isaac 
Perkins, Jacob 


Perpignan, Peter 
Perpignan & Varnier 
Perraux, Peter 
Perret, Augusta 
Perret & Sandoz 


BS) aa ok ee ee 


one 


ha 


American Silene Bey Their Marks am” 


MARKS 


G. PARKER in rectangle 
I PARKER in rectangle 


t 


C.PARKMAN in an oblong 
PARKMAN in oblong 
T. PARKMAN in serrated rectangle 


S:Parmele (surname in script) in 
shaped cartouche; S.P in cartouche; 
S P in oval; S. Parmele (script) in 
oblong 


PARRY in rectangle 


PARSONS in rectangle 


J.PEABODY in rectangle 


E P in serrated square 
W PEARCE 
Va 
Norfolk 


in oval 


J.Pearson (script) in rectangle; I P in 
cartouche 


E P in square 


W.S.P. in escalloped rectangle; W. S. 
PELLETREAU in an oblong 


H.1.PEPPER in rectangle 


I P crowned in shield 


P.P in cartouche; PP in square 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Baltimore, Md. 


‘Philadelphia 


LOCATIONS. 


Deerfield, Mass. | 


~ Philadelphia oo & 


New York City — 
Boston, Mass. 


«ce ae 


New York City _ 3 
Durham, Conn. 


Guilford, Coane 
Portsmouth, N. H. 
Philadelphia 


“ec 


New York City ~= * & 
Philadelphia , : 


Enfield, Conn: ? 3 : 
Philadelphia - 
Boston, Mass. 


“Norfolk, Va. 


New York City i 


Philadelphia ; ia Ys 
Middletown, Conn. ee 


New York City . sie 
Southampton, L. I, 
New York City us ae oS 
ot ae 
‘e er a te ee. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Charlestown, Mass. 


Newburyport, Mass. + 
Phi rates 


ae 
Lis a 


New York He City, 


He. 


=. 


Ee ee ee ee Pe ee ee ee ee gs ee a, 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Perry, Thomas 
Peters, James 
Peters, R. 

Petit, Matthew 
Pettit, Thomas 
Phelps, Jedediah 
Philip & Yver 
Phillips, James D. 
Phillips, Samuel 


Phyfe, William 
Pickering, Charles 
Pierce, Hart 
Pierce, John 
Pierce, O. 


Pierpont, Benjamin 


Pierson, Phillip 
Pinchin, William 
Pinto, Joseph 
Pitkin, Henry 
Pitkin, James F. 
Pitkin, John O. 
Pitkin, J. O. & W. 
Pitkin, Walter 


Pitkin, William J. 
Pitkin, William L. 
Pitkin & Norton 


Pitman, Benjamin 


Pitman, John K. 
Pitman, Sanders 


Pitman, William R. 
Pitman & Dodge 
Pitman & Dorrance 
Pitts, Richard — 
Pitts, A. 

Plain, Edward 
Planquet, Gregory 
Platt, George W. 
Platt, James 

Platt, N.C. 

Platt & Brother 


Poincignon, Francis 
Poincy, Peter 
Pointe, James 


MARKS 


M.P in rectangle 


JA’ D.PHILLIPS in rectangle 


PIERCE in an oblong ~ 

O- PIERCE in rectangle 

B* PIERPONT, in a shaped oblong; 
BP very small in rectangle; PIER- 
PONT in an oblong; B PIERPONT 


in cartouche 


H P, hollow block letters in cartouche 


J. O. & W. PITKIN in rectangle 

W. PITKIN in rectangle, followed by 
a star, rooster, and P, in crudely made 
circles 

WM J. PITKIN in rectangle 

WM.L.PITKIN in rectangle 

W.PITKIN, C C NORTON in rec- 
tangles 

B. PITMAN in rectangle; Pitman in 


rectangle 


PITMAN in rectangle; Pitman in rec- 
tangle 


PITTS (script) in cartouche 


PLATT & BROTHER in rectangle; 
G.W. & N.C. PLATT in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, - 


277 


LOCATIONS PERIOD 
Westerly, R. I. 
Philadelphia 1821 
? 1807 
New York City 1811 
* cs a ile 1791 
Great Barrington, Vt. 1781 
Philadelphia 1796 
Cleveland, Ohio 1829 
Salem, Mass. 1680 
Boston, Mass. 1721 
as r 1836 
Philadelphia 1683 
New York City 1835 
Boston, Mass. 1810 
« «“ 1824 
Roxbury, Mass. — 1730-1797 
New York City 1798 
Philadelphia 1779 
New York City 1758 
Hartford, Conn. I8II 
East Hartford, Conn. 1834 
se . oe Els, 
Hartford, Conn. 1826 
e: i 1808 
“a i "1820 
: ~ 1825 
«“e «ce 1825 
Providence, R. I. 1825 
“cc “ce 1805 
oh oe T7521 Bod 
New Bedford, Mass. 1835 
Providence, R. I. 1790 
! = 1795 
Philadelphia 1741 
a 1790 
New York City 1835 
ge Noakes: 1797 
oe “ “ce 1820 
“ “cc “cc 1835 
“cc 6é “cc 1820 
i fn Sis 1816 
Philadelphia 1796 
7 1813 
cs 1813 


We: hese: -—* y 
et ore wre BRR Sy ihe; 


ae 


278 
SILVERSMITHS 


Pointe & Tanguv 
Poissenot, N. J. 
Poissonier, Francis 
Poland, P. 
Polgrain, Quom — 
Polhamus, J. 
Pollard, William 
Poncet, Lewis- 
Fons, Thomas 


Poor, Nathaniel 
Porter, F. W. 
Porter, Henry C. 
Porter, H.C. & Co. 


Portram, Abraham 


Post, Samuel 
Potter, J.0;& J. R. 
Potwine, John 


Potwine & Whiting 
Poupard, Jas. 
Powell, C. F. 
Powelson, Chas. 
Pratt, Henry 
Pratt, Nathan 
Pratt, Phineas 
Pratt, Seth 
Price, Benjamin 
Price, John 
Prince, Job 
Putnam, Edward 
Putnam, Rufus 


Quaritus, Frederick 
Quincy, Daniel 
Quintard, Peter 


Rabeth, Jas. 
Rait, David 
Rait, Robert 
Rasch, Anthony 


Rasch & Willig 
Ravee, Xavier 
Reed, A. G. & Co. 


vis ne Ans = teal 


MARKS 


+ 


W.P in rectangle; W.P in cartouche 


PONS in rectangle; PONS in bane 
oblong 


F.W.PORTER in oblong 


H. PORTER & CO. in rectangle 
AP, fleur-de-lis below, in a heart; AP 


in a heart 


IP (separated by a diamond shaped pel- . 


let) in a rectangle; IP with a pellet be- 
tween the letters in a shield with 
shaped top; I:Potwine in a shaped 
cartouche; I-Potwine in an oblong. 
When the name is used the initials 


are in Roman capitals, the other let- 


ters in script. 


N.PRATT in rectangle 


PQ i in cartouche; Pq in rectangle; P. Q 
in rectangle 


* 


R.RAIT in rectangle | 
ANTY RASCH in oblong; Sterling 
above the word silver, in rectangle 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 
Philadelphia 
ae 


New York Clee 
Boston, Mass. © 
Baltimore Md. | 


Boston, Mass. 
“c “é 


New York City -2.500e 
“ce “ce 4“ 2 


“ee ae “ 


«“ +6 ee 


New London 


Providence, R. I. 


\ 


Hartford, Conn. 16: 
oe v “<e = 


Mier 


Boston, Mass. 
“ (ic eee 


Albany, N. Y. i ee 


Philadelphia. 
Essex, Conn. | 


Lyme, Conn, 
4 “ce eres TP eh 


Boston, Mass. 
Lancaster, Pa. 
Milford, Conn. 
Salem, Mass. rae 
Albany, N. Y. 
New Tork City, 
Boston, Mass. ; 


New York iy ah 


nie see = 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 279 
SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS PERIOD 
Reed, Isaac 7 Stamford, Conn. 1776 
Reed, Isaac & Son I.LREED & SON in rectangle ic is 1810 
Reed, Lewis New York City 1810 
Reed, Osman O.REED PHILA in rectangles Philadelphia 1840 
Reeder, Abner A.REEDER in rectangle af 1797 
Reeder, John o 1835 
Reeves, Enos REEVES in rectangle Charleston, S. C. 1775 
Reeves, Stephen S.Reeves (script) in shaped rectangle — Burlington, N. J. 1767 
Revere, Edward Boston, Mass. 1796 
Revere, J. W. . ‘ 1798 
Revere, Paultf 2 ? 1735-1818 
Revere, Paul, Sr. - : 1702-1754 
Revere, 3d, Paul s : 1795 
Revere, Thomas T R in rectangle o 1789 
Revere & Son i i 1796 
Reynolds, Theodore J. Philadelphia 1835 
Rice, Henry P. H.P.RICE in rectangle Albany, N. Y. 1815 
Rice, Joseph T. Rice (script )in cartouche Baltimore, Md. 1785 

Rice, Joseph T. Joseph T. Rice (script) in rectangle 

and Albany (script) in rectangle; 
J.T.Rice (script) in rectangle ; cs 1835 

Rich, Obadiah O.RICH and BOSTON, each in rec- 
tangle; O.RICH * BOSTON* Boston, Mass. 1824 
Richard, Augustus Philadelphia, Pa. 1818 

Richard, Stephen SR in square; S.RICHARDS in rec- 

tangle * i 1793 

Richards, Samuel SRichard, in shaped oblong; S.RICH- 
ARD in rectangle New York City 1828 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


{To distinguish the marks of the two Paul Reveres ‘s often a matter of difficulty unless one has some 
extraneous evidence of the origin of the silver of which provenance is sought. 
The following statemets should help: 


Revere, Senior, alone used the mar 


rectangle, and (3d) P R in a crowned shie'd. 


Paul Revere, Jr., used the mark 


in a rectangle, sometimes in conjunction with REVERE. 


ks: P-REVERE ‘na rectangle and (2d) P. Revere, italic script, ina 


REVERE in a rectangle; his fathern ever did; he a'so used P. R script 


The following marks are also attributed to Paul Revere, the son: P R in a rectangle; P R incised; and 
REVERE in a rectangle. The points of the V are joined to the two Es. 

One should know that tea or coffee sets were not made in the lifetime of the elder Revere. This often 
will prove a decisive factor, as the younger Revere made a number of tea sets. 

Writing upon this subject to the author, Judge A. T. Clearwater says: “Paul Revere, the patriot, ordin- 
arily used the mark REVERE, although there are authenticated pieces upon which he used the marks 
of P. R. but they are rare. There are, as well, pieces made by the elder Revere which were finished, particu- 
larly.as to the engraving, by the son. They also are “unusual.’”’ Upon such pieces it might be possible that 
both silversmiths would place their marks. 

Mr. Charles O. Cornelius, replying to an inquiry upon this subject, was kind enough to give me an opinion 
which agrees with that of Judge Clearwater. 

Another help lies in the fact that the initial mark of the father appears in a crowned shield, while that of 
the son is in a rectangle or simply incised. Writing to the author upon this subject, Mr. Henry Davis Sleeper 
says: 

“My intensive experience for many years collecting Paul Revere silver leads me to believe that the very 
large majority of the silver done by him or in his shop during his life, was marked REVERE with a pellet 
before it, in a rectangle, and the father’s marked exactly as you have it, P, REVERE or P. R..... All of the 
twenty-three pieces of silver, many of them large ones, which I gave to the Boston Museum have a pedigree 
as I acquired pieces only of which I could get complete proof as to ownership from the first to the final 
owner... were all under Revere, the son’s time, and were all marked REVERE with a pellet in a rectangle. 
I have also several pieces of Revere, Senior, all of which are marked P. R. or P. REVERE.” 


280 


SILVERSMITHS 


Richards, Thos. 
Richards, W. 
Richards, W. & S. R. 
Richards & Williamson 


Richardson, Francis 
Richardson, Joseph 


Richardson, Joseph, Jr. 


Richardson, J. & N. 


Richardson, Richard 
Richmond, Franklin 
Richmond, G. & A. 
Ridgeway, James 
Ridgeway, John 
Ridout, George 
Ried, Johan 

Rielly, Bernard 
Riggs, Richard 


Riker, Peter 

Riker & Alexander 
Ritter, Michael 
Roath, Roswell W. 
Robbins, Elisha 


Robert, Christopher 


Roberts, Frederick 
Roberts, Michael 
Roberts & Lee 
Robertson, Alexander 
Robertson, Robert 
Robinson, Anthony W. 
Robinson, Benjamin 
Robinson, Israel 
Robinson & Harwood 
Rockwell, Edward 


Rockwell, R. 
Rockwell, Thomas 
Rodier, Peter G. 
Roe, W. 


Roff, 
Roe & Stollenwerck 
Rogers, Augustus 
Rogers, Daniel 
Rogers, Daniel 
Rogers, Joseph 
Rogers Wm. 


Teas BY" eerie 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


MARKS 


RICHARDS & WILLIAMSON in 
rectangle 

FR in a heart 

JR and IR in rectangles 

J.R. in a square 

I.NR (N and R conjoined) in a car- 
touche 


F.RICHMOND in rectangle 


J:RIDGEWAY in rectangle 
G R in rectangle 


RIGGS in rectangle; Riggs in shaped 
cartouche; RR in cartouche 
P. RIKER in oblong 


A ROBINSON in rectangle 


ROCKWELL in rectangle; ROCK- . 


WELL in engrailed rectangle 
Rockwell in oblong 


W.ROE in rectangle; W ROE in oblong 
cartouche with a wheat sheaf (hori- 
zontal) in an oblong 


W.ROE & STOLLENWERCK 
D.ROGERS in oblong 
I.R in cartouche; I.R in oval 


Wm. ROGERS HARTFORD in rec- 
tangles 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


Norwich, Conn. 


LOCATIONS 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


Providence, R. I. 
“e “ 

Boston, Mass. 

New York City 


Philadelphia eee 
New York City 


Boston, Mass. :¥ 
New York City 


“se sé 


“ Ce ee 


Philadelphia 


: New York Gy Res : =: 1 i 


Boston, Mass. ee 
New York City — : 
Boston, Mass. os 


Philadelphia — 


eee sd 


o 


New York City | = 


Norwalk, Conn. 1 . 
New York City = 1825 


Kingston, N. Y. ae 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. ws 
New York City 


Newport, R. I. a is 
; 80) 2g i ee 


Hartford, Conn. s 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Rollingson, Wm. 
Romney, John 
Roosevelt, Nicholas 


Rose, Anthony 
Roshore, John 
Roshore & Prime 
Ross, Robert 
Round, John 
Rouse, Anthony 
Rouse, Michael 
Rouse, William 


Royalston, John 
Russel, Daniel 


Russel, John H. 


Russel, Jonathan 
Russelier, Peter 
Russell, Moody 
Ryerson, Lou 


Sackett & Williard 
Sadd, Hervey 

Sadtler, Philip 

Saint Martin, Anthony 
Sanderson, Benjamin 
Sanderson, Robert 


Sanderson, Robert, Jr. 
Sanderson, William 
Sandford, F. S. 
€andford, William 
Sandoz, Philip A. 
Sandoz & Brother 
Sands, Stephen 
Sanford, Isaac 
Sardo, Michael 
Sargeant, Ensign 
Sargeant, Jacob 


Savage, Edward 
Savage, Thomas 
Savage, Thomas, Jr. 
Sawin, Silas 

Sawin, Silas W. 
Sawyer, H. L. 
Sayre, Joel 


. MARKS 
T 
N.R (diagonal line through R) in 


rudely drawn oval N.R (diagonal 
line through R in oblong) 


WR with two pellets in shaped oval; 
WR, star, and three pellets in car- 
touche; WR with two crosses in car- 
touche 


DR in outlined leaf 


iis} 


-RUSSELL in irregular rectangle 


MR in oval; MR in cartouche 
L.Ryerson (script) in shaped rectangle 


H.SADD in rectangle 


P. Sadtler (script) in rectangle 


B S in two rectangles 

R S, with sun above; RS with moon 
above; RS with stars above, each in 
rectangle 


E.SARGEANT in rectangle 

J SARGEANT in rectangle; head in 
circle; sheaf of wheat in rectangle; 
HARTFORD in rectangle 


T S with star below, in shield 
SS in rectangle; SS in oval 


H.L. SAWYER in rectangle 
J.SAYRE in rectangle 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 


LOCATIONS 
New York City 
«< “se “se 


New York City 
“ce “cc “ 
ce “ce « 


Federika, Del. 
Portsmouth, N. H. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


Newport, R. I. 
New York City 


Ashford, Conn. 
New York City 
Barnstable, Mass. 
York, Pa. 


Providence, R. I. 


New Hartford, Conn. 


Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 


~ Boston, Mass. 


New York City 
Nantucket, Mass. 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Hartford, Conn. 
Baltimore, Md. 
Boston, Mass. 


Hartford, Conn. 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
‘ ‘¢ ““c 


“cc «e 


New York City 


281 


PERIOD 


1783 
1770 


1755 
1792 
1825 
1789 
1634 
1807 
1711 


1660 


1770 
1725 


1792 
1804 
1794 


1715 
1760 


1815 
1798 
181g 
1796 
1617 


1638 
1638 
1799 
1828 
1817 
1814 
1811 
1774 
1785 
1817 
1820 


1785 
1794 
1689 
1719 
1823 
1835 
1840 
1802 


282 


SILVERSMITHS 
Sayre, John 


Sayre & Richards 
Scarret, Joseph 


Schaats, Bartholomew - 


Schaffield, Jeremiah 
Schanck, Garret 


Schanck, John 


Schofield, Solomon 
Scott, John B. 
Scrymageour, James 
Sewind, John 

Seal, William 

Sears, Matthew 
Sebastien, Jeanne L. 
Segn, George 
Selkirk, William 
Sell, J. 

Senemand, John B 
Seveignes, Jacques 
Sevrin, Lewis 
Sexnine, Simon 
Seymour, Joseph 
Sharp, W 

Shaw, Edward G. 
Shaw, John A. 


Shaw & Dunlevey 
Shepherd, Robert 
Shepherd & Boyd 


Shepherd, Robt. 
Shepper, John D. 


Shethar, Samuel 
Shethar & Gorham 


Shethar & Thompson | 


Shields, Caleb 
Shields, Thomas 


Shipman, Nathaniel 


Shiving, Godfrey 
Shoemaker, Charles 
Shoemaker, Joseph 
Shonnard, George 
Shopshire, Robert 
Shreve, Benjamin 
Sibley, Clark 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks — 


MARKS 
I.SAYRE in rectangle; 1.Sayre (script) 
in shaped rectangle; spread eagle in 


rectangle 
S & R in oval; S& Ri in rectangle 


B S in square; B S in heart with cross 
below letters 


t scHANCK in rectangle, m in rec- 
tangle, sheaf of wheat in square 

J.SCHANCK in rectangle; m in rec- 
tangle; the m is workman’s mark 


W. SEAL in rectangle 


J. SHAW in rectangle; 1.A.SSHAW in 
wavy-lined rectangle 


R Shepherd (script) in shaped rectangle 
S & B in rectangle; SHEPHERD & 
BOYD in an oblong 


_ R. Shepherd (script) in shaped rec- 


tangle 


T S in rectangle; TS in rectangle with 
curved end 

NS in rectangle; NSSHIPMAN in rec- 
tangle 


J.SHOEMAKER in rectangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


_ New Orleans, La. — 


Boston, Mass. 


LOCATIONS 


New Youk City | fe ae "4 rs 6 


“ce “ 


Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


New York City 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


“é “6 i 


Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 


“ce 4 


Philadelphia 


Philadelphia 
New York City — | 


<< 


Philadelphia — 


Newport, R. I. 
Philadelphia _ 
Albany, N. Y, 


Philadelphia 

Litchfield, Conn. 
New Haven, Conte 2 
Litchfield, Conn. 
Baldnuere: Md. 


Philadelphia a7 


Norwich, Conn, > 
Philadelphia, (ae 
New York City = 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Baltimore, Md. © = 


New Flaven Conn, 2 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITYS 


Sibley, J. 

Sibley & Marble 
Silliman, Hezekiah 
Sime, William 
Sime & Moses 
Simes, William 


Simmons, Andrew 
Simmons, Anthony 


Simmons, James 
Simmons, Joseph 
Simmons, J. & A. 


Simmons, Peter 
Simmons, S. 


Simmons & Alexander 


Simpkins, Thomas B. 


Simpkins, William 


Singleton & Young 
Sixte, Joseph A. 
Sixte, Vincent B. 
Skerry, George W. 
Skinner, Abraham 
Skinner, Elizer 
Skinner, Matt 
Skinner, Thomas 
Slidell, Joshua 
Sloan, William 
Smith, Christian 
Smith, David 
Smith, Ebenezer 
Smith, George 
Smith, George O. 
Smith, I. 

Smith, Jaceb 
Smith, James 
Smith, James 
Smith, John 
Smith, Joseph 
Smith, Joseph 
Smith, J. & T. 
Smith, Levin H. 
Smith, Robert 
Smith, Samuel 
Smith, William 
Snyder, George 


MARKS 


J.SIBLEY in rectangle 
S & M in rectangle 


t 


W.S in rectangle; W.SIMES in rec- 
tangle; W.SJMES in engrailed rec- 
tangle 


A.Simmons (script) in rectangle; A.S. 
in oblong 
J. Simmons (script) in rectangle 


J. & A. SIMMONS in rectangle; 
J. & A. S in rectangle 


S.SIMMONS in rectangle 

SIMMONS & 

ALEXANDER in shaped rectangle 

T.B.Simpkins (script) in irregular 
rectangle 

W. Simpkins in plain cartouche; 
W.SIMPKINS in cartouche; W S in 
rectangle; Simpkins (script) in car- 
touche 


MATT SKINNER in oblong 
T S in cartouche; SKINNER in oblong 


D.SMITH in rectangle 


I.S in rectangle 


I.SMITH in rectangle 


R.E.SMITH in rectangle 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


New Haven, Conn. 
“ae ae 


“ce 


“é “ce “e 


Birmingham, Ga. 
ae ce 


Portsmouth, N. H. 
Philadelphia 


“ee 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


ee 


Boston, Mass. 


6é 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
New York City 
Hartford, Conn. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 


Hartford, Conn. 
Philadelphia 

SAY Ae 
Brookfield, Conn. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 


46 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


) 
23% 
‘PERIOD 


1810 
1801 
1767 
1768 
1768 


Eig 
1796 


E97 
1815 


1828 


1805 
1816 


1797 
1798 


1749 


1726 
1800 
1837 
1837 
1837 
1756 
1826 
1752 
1733 
1765 
1794 
1820 
1778 
1775 
1831 
1825 
1742 
1809 
1794 
1807 
1819 
1789 
1804 
1817 
1837 
1820 
1785 
1770 
1816 


; Seid ae pte So Sn eee 
sts rf ect eee 
284 American Silversmiths and Their Marks 
SILVERSMITHS MARKS LOCATIONS 

Solomon, Samuel to Philadelphia 
Sonnier, Joseph 7 
Souque, Michael New York City 
Soumain, Samuel Philadelphia 
Soumaine, Simeon S S in rectangle New York City 
Sowerlt, Anthony Sowerlt, script in cartouche Philadelphia 
Sparrow, Henry bat 
Spear, Isaac . . Boston, Mass. 
Spencer, George Essex, Conn. 
Spencer, James Hartford, Conn. 
Squire, S. P. S. P. SQUIRE in rectangle New York City 
Squire & Lander SQUIRE & LANDER incised i. ee 
Stacy, P. P. STACY in rectangle Boston, Mass. _ 
Stall, Joseph ee Baltimore, Md. ° 
Staniford, John J S in cartouche; Staniford (script) in 

shaped oblong Windham, Conn. 
Stanton, Daniel D. Stanton in oblong Stonington, Conn. | 
Stanton, Enoch ‘* a 
Stanton, Zebulon ZS in rectangle; STANTON in rec- 

tangle i i 
Stanwood, Henry B. Henry B. Stanwood in rectangle Boston, Mass. 
Staples, John J. J.J.S in rectangle; IIS in oval New York City | 
St: Cer 8: Lx . New Orleans, La. 
Stebbins, E. & Co. New York City 
Stebbins, T. E. T.STEBBINS in oval; STEBBINS . ata 

in rectangle © eae 
Stebbins & Howe STEBBINS & HOWE in rectangle ae cel, 
Stedman, Alexander Philadelphia 
‘Steele, John Annapolis, Md. 
Stephanis, Gothelf New York City 
Stephen, Thomas H. ew | Philadelphia 
Stephens, George G. S in cartouche New York City 
Steven, George WS OP aa 
Stevens & Lakeman STEVENS & LAKEMAN in rectangle Salem, Mass. — 
Stewart, C. W. New York City 
Stewart, John Stewart (script) in oval cartouche * 4 
Stickler, John “ot i a ed 
Stickney. Jonathan, Jr I.STICKNEY in rectangle _ ‘Newburyport, Mass. ee 
Stickney, M. P. M. P. STICKNEY in rectangle os 
Stiles, Benjamin Woodbure Conn. 
Stillman, Alexander Philadelphia 
Stillman, E. E.Stillman in oblong oval Stonington, Conn. 
Stillman, Richard R.STILLMAN in rectangle Philadelphia 
Stilman, William - Hopkinton, R. I. 
Stinson, William New York City 
Stockerman & Pepper STOCKERMAN & PEPPER in rece ~ hi 

tangle Philadelphia 
Stockman, Jacob ae if 
Stodder & Frobisher STODDER & FROBISHER in rec- 

tangle Boston, Mass. =f 
Stollenwerck & Brother Stollenwerck, italics in carianhe. New York City 
Stollenwerck & Co. Stollenwerck & Co. in shaped cartouche oe aaa 
Stone, Adam | Baltimore, Md. 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. ry Rey 


rz 


, ie a ee ee 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Stone & Osborn 
Strom, A. G. 
Strom & Son 


Storrs, N. 
Storrs & Cooley 


Stout, Samuel 


Stoutenburgh, Tobias, 


Stow, John 
Strong, John 
Strong William 
Stuart, H. 
Stuart, John 
Stuckert, Isaac 


Sullivan. D. & Co. 


Supplee, Jacob 
Sutherland, George 
Sutton, Robert 
Swan, Caleb 

Swan, Robert 
Swan, William 
Sweetser, Henry P. 
Symmes, John 
Syng, Daniel 
Syng, Philip 

Syng, Philip, Jr. 


Taber, William 
Tanguy, John 
Tanguy, J. & P. 
Tanguy, Peter 
Tanguy, Repiton 
Tanner, John 


Targee, John 
Targee, J. & P. 


‘Tatgee, Peter 
Targee, William 
Taylor, George W. 
Taylor, John 
Taylor, Najah 
Taylor, Thomas 
Taylor, William 
Taylor & Hinsdale 


Taylor & Lawrie 
Tempest, Robert 


¢Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


tT 
A.G.STROM in engrailed rectangle 
STROM & SON, script in a shaped 


rectangle 


N.STORRS in rectangle 
S & C in shaped cartouche, diamond 


centre 


T S B in crude rectangle 


Stuart (script) in oval 


D. SULLIVAN & CO in wavy-lined 


rectangle 


R : SWAN in rectangle 


Swan (script) in cartouche 


P S in rectangle 


P S in double circle, followed by star in 


cartouche 


J TANGUY in rectangle 


I.T in rectangle; calyx of lily (?); 1 T 
(script) in shaped cartouche 

I & P T, a letter a and three four un- 
recognizable objects in cartouches; 


I.P.TARGEE in rectangle 


T & H in rectangle; head, lion, and a 
workman’s mark (G?) in cartouche 


LOCATIONS 


New York City 
Albany, N. Y. 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


Princeton, N. J. 
New York City 


Wilmington, Del. 


, Md. 
Philadelphia 
New York City 


Providence, R. I. 


Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


Philadelphia 


Worcester, Mass. 
“e 


“ce 


Boston, Mass. 
Lancaster, Pa. 


Philadelphia 


Newport, R. I. 


New York City 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


‘ 


Providence, R. I. 


Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


285 


PERIOD 


1796 
1830 


1835 
1825 


1832 
1779 
1731 
La72 
1778 
1807 
1808 
1720 
1809 


1820 
1791 
1810 
1820 


A7TS 
1799 
1736 
1768 
1766 
+734 
1715 


1727 


1835 
1801 


1808 
1810 
1806 


1740 


1794 


1811 
I181I 
1807 
1824 
1801 


1793 
rie 
i772 


1801 


1837 
1814 


286 


SILVERSMITHS 
Ten Eyck, Jacob 


Ten Eyck, Koenraet 

Terry, Geer 

Terry, John 

Terry, L. B. 

Terry, Williamt 

Thaxter, Joseph B. 

Theofile, William 

Thibault, Felix 

Thibault, Francis 

Thibault, Francis 
Felix 

Thibault, Frederick 


Thibault, Fred’k & Felix 


Thibault Bros. 


Thibault & Co. 
Thomas, Thomas 
Thomas, Walter 
Thomas, William 
Thompson, D. B. 
Thompson, Isaac 
Thompson, James 
Thomson, Peter 
Thomson, James 
Thomison, Peter 
Thomson, William 
Thornton, Henry 
Tiley, James 
Tingley, Samuel 


Tisdale, B. H. 


Titcomb, Francis 
Tompkins, Edmund 
Touzell, John 
Towson, Obadiah 
Tracy, Erastus 
Tracy, Gordon 
Tripler, Christian 
Troll, William 
Troth, James 
Trott, J. P. & Son 
Trott, John P 


Trott, Jonathan 


Trott, Jonathan, Jr. 
Trott, Thomas 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks ° 


MARKS 


I T in cartouche (I barred); ITE 
(TE in monogram) in box 


K T E (T E in monogram) in cartouche’ 


G TERRY in oblong 


t 
L.B. TERRY in rectangle 
Wm.TERRY in an oblong 


-THIBAULT in rectangle 


THIBAULT 
BROTHERS in rectangle 


D.B.Thompson in rectangle 
1. THOMPSON in rectangle 


W.Thomson (script) in shaped oblong 


I. TILEY in oblong cartouche 

S I (script) in cartouche; N York 
(script) in shaped cartouche; I. 
Tingley (script) 1 in shaped cartouche 

B H TISDALE in rectangle; B H Tis- 
dale (script) in rectangle 

F. TITCOMB in rectangle 


JF. TOUZELL in oval cartouche 


I.P.T. & Son in rectangle 

J.P.T. in engrailed rectangle; 
TROTT in oval cartouche 

J. TROTT in oval; 3 Trott ees in 


oval 


J:P 


T.T in rectangle; T:T crowned in rec- 
tangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


{This may be the “Wilbert” Terry referred to by Ensko. Terry silver spoons, sraight sided, A 


author's collection are plainly marked as above. The period is 178 . 


New York Ciepak 
_ Enfield, Conn. 


: Brooklyn, N.Y. 


LOCATIONS 


Albany, N. Y. 


New York City 
Enfield, Conn. 


Hingham, Mass. : ; 
New Orleans, La. 
Philadelphia 


N ew York City 


Trenton, i fo 9 a 
Litchfield, Conn, ae 


Philadelphia oe 

New York City: 70 og 
Boston, Mass sits 
New York City a 
Providence, R. I. _ 
Hartford, Conn. 


New York City * ek -( 


Providence, R. I, 
Newburyport, ye oe 
Waterbury, Conn. — eile 
Salem, Mass. — 
Philadelphia - Pee 
Norwich, Conn. tus - f s eee 


New York fai. 

Philadelphia 
Pittsburgh, Paw BO 
New Loney Conn, eee 


sé “ 


Boston, Mass! 
New London, Conn, 


Boston, Mass, oe 


ee 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Trott & Brooks 
Trott & Cleveland 
‘Truax, Henry R. 
Trumbul, Richard 
Tucker, Daniel 
Tucker, John W. 


Turner, James 


Tuthill, Christopher | 


Tuttle, Bethuel 
Tuttle, William 
Tyler, Andrew 
Tyler, D. M. 
Tyler, David 
Tyler, George 


Ubelin, Frederick 
Ufford & Burdick 
Underhill, Andrew 


Underhill, Thomas 
Underhill & Vernon 
Underwood, John 


Vail, Elijah 
Vaissiere, Victor 
Valet, Peter 
Vallee, Antoine 
Van Bergen, John 
Van Beuren, Peter 


MARKS 
T & B in rectangle 

T & C in oblong 

H R T in rectangle 


t 


1.T in oval 


A TYLER in oblong 
D.M.TYLER in rectangle 

D T in shield; D T in cartouche 
G T in square 


U & B in rectangle 

A.U in oval; A UNDERHILL 1n rec- 
tangle 

T U in square 


T.V in rectangle; I.V in cartouche 


VB in monogram crowned in circle 


Van Beuren, William ~ W.V.B in cartouche 


Vanderbrugh, Cornelius 


Vanderhan, J. I V (script) capitals in cartouche 
Vanderspiegel 
Vanderspiegel, Johannes S S 


Van Dyke, Peter 


Van Dyke, Richard 
Van Horn, David 


IV in cartouche; IV in trefoil; 
IVS in rectangle; IVS in cartouche 
P 


P V D in oblong; V D in trefoil; 
PV D in oval; P.V.D in oval 
R V D in cartouche 


Van Ness & Waterman V & W in oblong 


Van Riper, Tunis 
Van Veghten, Henry 
Van Vleit, B. C. 
Van Voorhis, Daniel 


Van Voorhis & Coley 


BVANVLEIT incised 

D.V.VOORHIS in rectangle; bird in 
diamond; D V VOORHIS in rec- 
tangle; D V in rectangle with a bird 
in a kite; D V in cartouche with bird 
in kite 


Van Voorhis & Schanck V V & S in rectangle with bird in kite 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 
New London, Conn. 
ae «ae 


«ec 


Albany, N. Y. 
Boston, Mass. 
Portland, Me. 
New York City 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


New Haven, Conn. 
“ec «¢ 


«ae 


Boston, Mass. 
ae “é 


Philadelphia 
New Haven, Conn. 
New York City 


Philadelphia 


Vrovz Na x. 

New York City 
4 «sé “ce 

New Orleans, La. 


Albany, N. Y. 
New York City 


as «¢ «e 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


Philadelphia 
New York City 


Albany, N. Y. 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 


New York City 


287 


PERIOD 


1798 
1792 
1815 
1767 
1781 
1803 
1744 
1730 
1802 
1821 
1715 
1810 
1781 
1761 


1773 
1812 


1780 
1787 
1787 
1797 


1836 
1816 
1787 
1822 
1813 
1797 
1790 
1677 
1740 
1701 


1687 


1705 
1750 
1801 
1835 
1813 
1760 
1840 


1779 
1786 


1791 


2388 
SILVERSMITHS 


Van Voorhis & Son 
Varney, John 
Veazie, Joseph 
Vergereau, Peter 
Vernon, J. & Co. 
Vernon, John 


Vernon, N. & Co. 
Vernon, Nathaniel 
Vernon, Samuel 


Vernon & Park 
Vilant, William 
Villard, R. H. L. 
Vincent, Richard 
Vinton, David 


Wachner, F. W. 
Waddill, Noel 
Waglin, Thomas 
‘Wagstaff, Thomas 
Wait & Wright 
Waldron, D. 
Walker, George 
Walker, Hannah 


Walker, John, Jr. 
Walker, W. & G. 
Walker, William 
Waller, John 
Wallis, Thomas 
Walton, Daniel 
Walworth, Daniel 
Ward, Ambrose 
Ward, Bartholomew & 
Brainard 
Ward, Billious 


Ward, James 


Ward, John 
Ward, John 
Ward, Richard 
Ward, Samuel L. 
Ward, Timothy 
‘Ward, William 


Ward, William 


MARKS ~ 


P V in cartouche; P.V in cartouche 


I.V in oval; I V in oval; conventional 
battle-ax and two other figures in 
cartouche 

N.VERNON & CO in serrated rec- 
tangle 

N.VERNON in rectangle; NV_ in 
rectangle 

S V a small device below, all in a 
heart 


W V, a swallow beneath, in heart 
Villard in rectangle 


D.V in rectangle 


D WALDRON in oblong 

G. WALKER in oblong 

H WALKER in serrated oblong; 
PHIA in oblong 


W. WALKER in oblong 


B.W in. shaped cartouche; BW in 
cartouche; BW in oval 
WARD and HARTFORD, each in 
rectangle; JW in oval followed by 
» HARTFORD as above 
WARD 67 MARKET ST 


W.W. in rei des ; W.Ward in a shaped 
ene 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials... ‘.. 
a soni 


_ Baltimore, Md. 


LOCATIONS — 


New York City © 
Philadelphia 
Providence, R. I. 
New York City — 


Charleston, S. Ce ‘ i 18 


“sc “ce 


Newport, R. I. — 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Philadelphia _ 172 Lome 
Georgetown, Dist. of Col. 1833 


pages. set: I an 


New York ca fereee. 
Petersburg, Va. “ 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 
New York City 
Philadelphia 


“ 
ce 
66 
«“ 
«ae 
ct, 
<< a 
Middletown, Conn. i’ 
New Haven, Conn. eo 


be 4 


Hartford, Conn. a . 


Guilford, Conn. . ; a, 


Hartford, Conn. — : : 
Philadelphia 


. Boston, Mass. Stem 


Middletown, Conn. : 4 op 


Guilford, Chae ¢ ; je 
Litchfield, Conn. oe 


sf 7 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS MARKS 


‘Ward & Bartholomew WARD & BARTHOLOMEW in rec- 


tangle; Ha in rectangle W & B 


in rectangle 


Ward & Cox T 

Ward & Gavett 

Ward & Hughes W & H in rectangle; 1846'in the apexes 
of a diamond 

Ward & Miller 

Ward & Rich 


‘Wardin, Daniel 


Warner, Andrew E. A E WARNER in serrated rectangle, 
followed by 11 in rectangle; AE W in 
cartouche 

Warner, Andrew E. Jr.t 

Warner, A. E.& T.H. T.&A.E.WARNER in rectangle; fol- 
lowed by STERLING in rectangle 


Warner, Caleb C.WARNER in rectangle and 
i Aetey rae in a shaped rectangle 
Warner, D. D.WARNER in wavy-lined rectangle 
Warner, Joseph 
Warner, Joseph J. Warner in rectangle 
-- Warner, Samuel SW in rectangle 


Warner, Thomas H. T.WARNER in rectanglet 


- Warner & Fellows 


Warren, Benjamin 

Waters, Samuel S.WATERS in cartouche 
Watkins, James 

Watling, James 


Watson, E. E. WATSON in rectangle; E:Watson 
(script) in oblong 

Watson, J. J. WATSON in rectangle 

Watson & Brown WATSON & BROWN in rectangle 

Watts, J. & W. 

Watts, James 

Watts, John W. 


‘Waynes, Richard 


Weathers, Michael 


.. Weaver, Emmor T. WEAVER (script) on ribbon 


Webb, Barnebus 


‘Webb, Charles 
_Webb, Robert 


Webb, James 

Webb & Boon 

Webster, Henry L. H.L.WEBSTER in rectangle 
Wedge, S. 

Weeden, Peleg 


Welles, A. & G. A & G WELLES in rectangie 
Welles, Andrew 


Welles, George I. WELLES; BOSTON; in rectangles 


+Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials, 
{See footnote under Kirk. 


Bue wee F 


LOCATIONS 


Hartford, Conn. 


ae “ce 


Middletown, Conn. 


Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 


Bridgeport, Conn. 


Baltimore, Md. 
«¢ «“ 


Portsmouth, N. H. 


Ipswich, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


Wilmington, Del. 


Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 


Portsmouth, N. H. 


Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


ce 


ce 


New York City 


‘Philadelphia 


New York City 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 
Philadelphia 


Baltimore, Md. 
Philadelphia 
Providence, R. I. 
Baltimore, Md. 


289 


PERIOD 


1804 
1811 
1813 


1805 
1822 
1830 
1811 


1811 
1837 


1805 


1805 
1810 
1811 
1768 
1797 
1805 
1824 
1809 
1790 
1819 


1837 


1821 
1820 
1820 
1829 
1835 
1794 
1750 
1794 
1808 
1762 
1738 
1798 
1817 
1785 
1831 
1804 


North Kingstown, R. I. 1803 


Boston, Mass. 
Hebron, Conn. 
Boston, Mass. . 


1804 
1804 
1804 


290 


SILVERSMITHS 


Welles & Co. 
Welles, James M. 
Wells, L. & C. 
Wells, L. & H. 
Wells, Lemuel 
Wells, William 
Wendover, John 
Wenman, Barnard 


West, Benjamin 
West, Charles 

West, Joseph 
Weston, Benjamin 
Westphal, Charles W. 
Whartenby, John 
Whartenby, Thomas 
Whartenby & Bunn 


Wheatley, Frederick G. 


Wheaton, Calvin 
White, Alfred — 
White, Amos 


White, Edward 
White, George L. 
White, Peregrine 
White, Peter 
White, Samuel 
White, Silas 
White, Stephen 
White, William 
White, William J. 
White, William W. 
Whiteman, Ira 
Whiting, B. 
Whiting, Charles 


Whiting, S. 
Whitlock, Thomas B. 
Whitlock, William H. 
Whitney, Amos 
Whitney, E. 


Whitney & Hoyt 
Whiton, Ezra 
Whittaker & Green 
Whittemore, William 
Wickham, Daniel H. 
Willcox, Alvan 
Willcox, Cyprian 
Williams, Alexander 
Williams, Charles M. 
Williams, Deodat 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


MARKS 
WELLES & CO. in rectangle 
T 


L W in rectangle 


J.W in cartouche; J W in shield 

B.WENMAN in rectangle; B W in 
rectangle followed by N YORK in 
rectangle 

B.WEST in rectangle 


C. WESTPHAL in rectangle 


T.W in box; WHARTENBY in oblong 


C. WHEATON in engrailed rectangle 


A.WHITE in rectangle; WHITE in 
rectangle 
E:WHITE in rectangle 


P. WHITE in rectangle 


S. WHITE in rectangle 


Wm. W. WHITE in rectangle 


B:WHITING in rectangle 
C W in cartouche; WHITING in rec- 
tangle 


Whitlock (script) in oblong 
Wm. H. WHITLOCK in rectangle 


E. WHITNEY in rectangle; WHIT- 
_ NEY in an oblong 

WHITNEY & HOYT in rectangle 

E.WHITON (script) in oval cartouche 


Whittemore in oblong 
_ New York City & 


{Where no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


New York City — 


LOCATIONS — 
Boston, Mass. a 
New York vert 


“<< “ee 46 


Hartford, Conn. ES oe 
New York City 


Boston, Mass. oe 


RA) 


Philadelphia | 


New York City st 
Providence, R. I. 
Boston, Mass. — 


East Hadden, Conn. ~ 
Ulster Co... Ni Xen 
Cincinnati, Ohio — 
Woodstock, Conn. 
Norwalk, Conn. 
New York wks 


“ce oe. hid 
° 4 ; 


Philadelphia 


4 te 


«“ ; a rot i tac ae ve 
2 ' ; f 


Norwich, Conns< 


New York iy 


ale pati : 


Boston, Migs eo ae 2% 
Providence, R. ie ; 
Portsmouth, N. H 


New ae = te 
Philadelphia _ | 
New York Citians ave 
Hartford, Cone ie 


Pee PENA ee 


oe 


American Silversmiths and Their Marks 


SILVERSMITHS 


Williams, John 
Williams, Samuel 
Williams, Stephen 
Williams, W. A. 
Williams, W. W. 
Williamson, Samuel 


Willig, George 
Willis, J. 

Willis, Stilman 
Wills, Henry 
Wilmot, Samuel 


Wilmot, T. T. 
Wilmot & Stilliman 
Wilson, Albert 
Wilson, Hosea 


Wilson, James 
Wilson, John 
Wilson, R. & W. 


Wilson, Robert 
Wilson, S. 
Wilson, S. & S. 


Wilson, Thomas 
Wilson, William 


Wiltberger, Christian 


Wiltberger & Alexander 


Winslow, Edward 


Winsor, William 
Wishart, Alexander 
Wishart, Daniel 
Wishart, Hugh 


Wishart, William 
Wolf, Francis H. 
Wolf, James G. 
Wolfe & Wriggins 
Wood, Benjamin B. 
Woodcock, Bancroft 


Woodruff, Enos 
Woodruff & White 


Woods, Freeman 


Woodward, Antipas 


MARKS 


W. A. WILLIAMS in rectangle 

S.W in rectangle; S W in oval; WIL- 
LIAMSON in rectangle 

S. WILLIS in oblong 

WILMOT in engrailed 


S. WILMOT in rectangle 
T. T. Wilmot in rectangle 


rectangle; 


H.WILSON in rectangle 


R & W W in rectangle; R & W WIL- 
SON rectangle 
R.W in an oval 


S & Wilson in engrailed rectangle; and 
S & Wilson, with S reversed in en- 
grailed rectangle 


CWiltberger, (script) in a shaped car- 


touche 


© W, a trefoil (?) below all in a car- 
touche; E W in rectangle; E W in a 
double circle 


H.WISHART in rectangle; WISHART 


in an oblong 


WOLFE & WRIGGINS in oblong 
B.WOOD in oval cartouche 
S W in oval; .WOODCOCK in long 


oval 


Woods (script) in shaped cartouche 
F.W. (script) in cartouche 

A W in rectangle; Woodward in rec- 
tangle 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


LOCATIONS 


Philadelphia 
Providence, R. I. 
Washington, D. C. 
Philadelphia 
Boston, Mass. 


New York City 


New Haven, Conn. 
46 


“cc «ec 


Troy, N. Y. 
Philadelphia 
Baltimore, Md. 
Trenton, N. J. 
Philadelphia 


«é 


New York City 
Philadelphia 


Boston, Mass. 
6¢ as 


New York City 


Philadelphia 


New York City 


Wilmington, Del. 
Cincinnati, Ohio 


New York City 


Middletown, Conn. 


291 


PERIOD 


1793 
1796 
F799 
1829 


1829 


1794 
1819 
1820 
1823 
1774 


1798 
1810 
1800 
1834 
1812 
181g 
1769 
1770 


1825 
1805 
1805 


1805 


1837 
1829 


793 
Fao, 


1702 
1759 
1808 
1825 


1784 
1800 
1829 
1831 
1837 
1805 


1754 
1820 
1829 


17gI 


1791 


292 py Da Silbcrionne uae. Their M a 


SILVERSMITHS _ MARKS — 


Woodward, Charles T 
Woodward, Eli 
Wool, Jeremiah W. 
Wriggin & Co. 
Wriggins, Thomas 
Wright, Alexander ? lan 
Wright, John F. Philadelphia ia 
Wyatt, Joseph . BY a 
Wyer, Eleazer, Jr. E. WYER in rectangle — Boston, Mass. ta 
Wyer & Farley WYER & FARLEY in oblong Portland, Me. 
Wyer & Noble ee SC Oe Oates 
> Wynkoop, Benjamin W K ina heart 
| B 


ie Wynkoop, Cornelis a5) 
< Wynkoop, Jacobus 


bine . Yeomans, Elijah 
es: 3 Yettons, Randell 

Young, Alexander A. YOUNG in rectangle 
Young, Ebenezer 

Young, Levi 

Young, William 


te 

- 
we 

ae 


tWhere no mark is given, the maker used his name or initials. 


GHAR Re Xexr V 
Old French Silver 


4 4+ EFORE the Roman invasion workers in the precious 
he B % metals were scattered throughout Gaul. Their work was 
% « < coarse and heavy. Pliny tells us that horse trappings, 
and even ox yokes, were decorated with silver by the inhabitants 
of Alise in Burgundy. 

Ceesar had many Italian silversmiths in his invading army and 
their influence was immediate and widespread. In a short while 
the Gallic artisans outstripped their teachers and, in the time of 
Constantine, Byzantium drew her gold and silver ornaments, 1n- 
cluding the enamels of Limoges, from France. 

St. Eloi (588-659) was a brilliant silversmith before he entered 
the priesthood. He was made a bishop when he was appointed — 
master of the mint (maitre de monnaie royale) in the reign of 
Dagobert, an office he continued to fill under Clovis II. St. Eloi 
gave a great impetus to the art in France, where he now gives his 
name to the guild of gold and silversmiths, whose patron saint he 
is. He organized the first body of workers in gold and silver com- 
posed of masters, companions, and apprentices, and secured for it 
State recognition as a law-making body. 

That St. Eloi was a layman silversmith before he was a priest is 
itself remarkable. At that period the art of silversmithing was 
practised only by the priesthood and St. Eloi restricted his associ- 
ates to men in holy orders. Not until the commencement of the 
Twelfth Century was the craft wholly secularized in France. 

The origin of impressing the maker’s mark by means of a punch 

293 


294 Old French Silver 


upon a piece of silver is unknown, but up to the close of the Thir- 
teenth Century that mark was the only guarantee for which the 
purchaser could look. 

In 1275 a law was enacted requiring the smith to stamp his 
work with the mark of the town in which he worked. 

The first “punch of guarantee” followed the congress of Pon- 
toise, convened in 1313 by Philip le Bel. It was a fleur-de-lis ina 
lozenge. 

In 1416 the date letter was introduced. A letter of the alphabet, 


crowned. It changed each year. 1461: A; 1462: B taking all the - 


letters except J, U, and W. 

Up to 1621 the letters employed were small Gothic capitals. 
After that date large Roman capitals were used. The duties pay- 
able to the state were constantly increased; their collection, how- 
ever, was unsatisfactory until Louis XII created the office of 
“Farmer of the Revenue” (or “Farmer-general’’). These farmers 


had to impose their punch upon all pieces of proper alloy upon 


which the duty had been paid. 
This system was perfected by Louis XIV. 


There were then four marks or punches for each piece of silver: 


1. The mark of the silversmith. 

2. The mark of the Guild, warranting the standaeg 
3. The mark of the Farmer-general. 

4. The mark of discharge of the Farmer-general. 


The procedure was as follows: 

The silversmith placed his mark upon a sheet of silver and sent 
it to the “‘Maison Commune,” where the mark of the Guild was 
impressed after the standard had been verified. This punch, 
called the “‘countermark,”’ was impressed as close as possible to 
that of the maker, who had chosen a location for his mark that 
would bring it when completed as near as possible to the centre 


SS eS - 4 
Soy ee ie. : P 
for >. 7 7 
OF Toda 3 0 4 : 
ee. hal heh) et a > eee SS etm ot vr 


Old French Silver 295 


of the bottom of the piece and on the under side. It was then 
taken to the Farmer-general, and he, or his representative, placed 
the “charge” mark as near as possible to the other two. The 
piece was then carried away and finished, the workman taking 
care not to obliterate the marks. If the bottom of the piece was 
“belled’” out the marks would be deformed but not effaced. 

After the work was completed it was again taken to the 
Farmer-general who placed upon it his little “punch of dis- 
charge,” after having collected the tax computed upon its weight. 
This mark, unlike the others, was placed upon the edge or rim of 
the piece. The piece was now ready for the market. 

Until 1784 the.date letter was the same for all of France. That 
system was then superseded by one that gave to each town a 
distinctive letter and provided for the use of date latters by all 
of them but Paris. That was allotted a crowned P with the date 
between the crown and the P. 1785 would be represented by the 
figures 85. They are so minute that they escape notice unless one 
exercises care or possesses extraordinary acuity of vision. 

The marks of charge and discharge were employed until the 
law of April, 1791, abolished all the taxes on silver. The law 
November, 1797, re-imposed the duty but it was levied with the 
imposition of the first stamp, which denotes both the standard 
and the payment of the duty. 

There are two other marks besides those mentioned above that 
find a place in the law of November 19, 1797: 

1. The punch de hasard. 

2. The punch variously called recense, verification, and recogni- 
tion. , 

The punch de hasard was applied to ancient pieces that for 
some reason (age would be one) had not been marked. 

The recense mark was a confirmatory mark which testified to 
the genuineness of the stamps already upon the piece and the 


206 Old French esis : 


The ordinance of Louis Philippe (April, 1838), which ee the 
recense, was a precautionary device against counterfeiting and was. 
employed under some secret system. There were a hundred and 
thirty-eight of these devices used. They were struck on a digorne a 
anvil in the manner I have described elsewhere. With the head of e 
Minerva we frequently find as an assay mark the head of a 
woman, in full face with neck exposed; she looks to the right and | 
there is a letter P at the left side of the neck. The P is the Paris 
mark. Boivin says that there is a variation of this mark with a 
figure 1 (denoting the higher standard) replacing the P. He is. 
clearly in error. Apart from the fact that I have never seen such’ 
a mark, we know that the assay mark never, of itself, indicated 
the standard. It only guaranteed that the silver was of the quality. 
represented by the standard mark. In other words, the woman’s 
head just described would be the same on a piece bearing” the 
Minerva head with the figure 1 as it would be « ona Piece bearing a 


CHAPTER XV 
Marks on Paris Plate 


DATE LETTERS 


a 1461 x 1504 s 1546 p 1589 M 1632 
b 1462 y 1505 t 1547 q 1590 N 1634 
c 1463 z 1506 vy: 1548 r 1591 O 1635 
d = 1464 a: 1507 x 1549 s 1592 P 1636 
e 1465 be. 1507 y 1550 t 1593 Q 1637 
f 1466 c 1508 z 1551 vs -1594 R 1638 
g «1467 d 1509 a 1552 x 1595 S 1639 
h 1468 e 1510 b =: 1553 x 1596 T 1640 
i 1469 f 1511 ce 1554 z 1597 Vv 1641 
k 1470 g 1512 d 1555 a 1598 X 1642 
1 1471 h 1513 e 1556 b 1599 Y 1643 
m 1472 i 1514 $27 £51557 c 1600 Z 1644 
n 1473 lease 1815 g 1558 d 1601 A 1645 
o 1474 1 1516 h 1559 e 1602 B 1646 
p _‘:1475 m 1517 i 1560 f 1603 C 1648 
q 1476 n 1518 k 1561 g 1604 D 1649 
r ‘1477 o =: 1519 l 1562 h 1605 E 1650 
s 1478 p 1520 m 1563 i 1606 F 1651 
t 1479 q 1521 n 1564 k 1607 G 1652 
vy: 1480 r 1522 o —-:1565 1 1608 H 1653 
x  148t s 1523 p 1566 m 1609 1: 1654 
y 1482 t 1524 q 1567 n 1610 K 1655 
z 1483 yo 1525 r 1568 o. = 1611 L 1656 
a 1484 x 1526 s 1569 p 1612 M1657 
b =: 1485 yo? 1527 t 1570 q 1613 N 1658 
c 1486 z 1528 vy 1574 r 1614 O 1659 
d= 1487 a. $529 x). 1572 s 1615 P 1660 
e 1488 b = 1530 yo 1573 t 1616 Q 1661 
f 1489 a eT z 1574 vy -:1617 R 1662 
g 1490 dee 1532 pp yk x 1618 S 1663 
h 1491 e 1533 b 1576 y 1619 T 1664 
is: 1492 f 1534 eae LY z 1620 Vs 1665 
k 1493 g 1535 d 1578 A 1621 X 1666 
1 1494 h =: 1536 e 1579 B 1622 Y 1667 
m 1495 i 1537 f 1580 GC: 1623 Z 1668 
n 1496 k 1538 g 1581 D 1624 A 1669 
o —«- 1497 1 1539 h 1582 E 1625 B 1670 
p 1498 m 1540 i 1583 F 1626 Cc 1671 
q 1499 n 1541 k 1584 G 1627 D 1672 
r 1500 0 1542 1 1585 H = 1628 | 

gi. 1504 p 1543 m 1586 I 1629 19 

t 1502 q 1544 n 1587 K 1630 exp 

vy 1503 r 1545 o —- 1588 L 1631 


297 


SO Soe SS 


= 


1680 
1680 
1681 


1684 
1685 


Marks on Paris Plate — 


VINCENT FORTIER (Louis xrv) 
1672 — 1680 


PAUL BRION pe SAUSSOY (Louis xiv) _ 
1680 — 1684 


‘ETIENNE RIDEREAU (Louis x1v) 


1684 — 1687 
ee ® © 
\~—/ * 


JACQUES LEGER (Louis x1v) 
1687 — 1691 


a © 


Marks on Paris Plate 299 


PIERRE POINTEAU (Louts xrtv). 


1691 — 1698 
xX 1691 B 1695 
x 1692 SN E c 1696 
Z 1693 D 1697 
A 1694 E 1698 

PERRINE (Louis xrv). 

1698 — 1703 
E 1698 ) H ‘1701 
F 1699 I 1702 

ie ey @ K 1703 

Ew 
ETIENNE BALIGNY (Louis xrv). 

1703 — 1713 
K 1703 Q 1709 
L 1704 R 1710 
M 1705 Cy Ss 1711 
N 1706 T 1712 
O 1707 Vv 1713 
4 1708 

FLORENT SOLLIER. 

1713 — 1717 
(Louis xiv). (REGENCE). 
Vv 1713 Z 1716 


be & & A 1717 


Y 1715 


ae es Me asc be Ae ONS ee, Caen a? re Fae pa Be 
: ween hb Ct an hss Ca ne 
r; i - ; , 7 , ia 
<1 J a Saad Dede ns aa aa ae 


300 Marks on Paris Plate ji 


> 


ETIENNE pe BOURGES (RécENcE). 
1717 — 1722 


A 1717 


B 1718 , me iS w | a 
re 1719 7 


CHARLES CORDIER. 
1722 — 1726 


(REGENCE). 7 | 
F 1722 a ea €23 


JACQUES COTTIN (Louis xv). 
geen 1726 — 1732 
1726 te" 


rer 


1727 


1728 ae : @ oe 


1729 


HUBERT LOUVET (Louis xv). 
‘ 1732 — 1738 


1732 Beat ieee 
1733 F : - , : oe | is 
mo @ & @ ©) 


owt 


1735 | . | See 


“a 2 


Marks on Paris Plate 301 


ROBIN (Louris xv). 
1738 — 1744 


A 1740 
ee 1738 
Bs S B 1742 
| Cc 4743 
i 
D 1744 
ANTOINE L’ECHAUDEL (Louis xv) 
2 1744 — 1750 
eD 1744 
E 1745 1748 
Be a a | 
1749 
G.. 1747 = 1750 


JULIEN BERTHE (Louis xv). 
1750 — 1756 


1750 G 1754 
VANy 


= vay ep B P 1755 
ie 1752 2 th 

1756 

N 1753 

ELOI BRICHARD (Louis xv). 
1756 — 1762 

1756 . Vv 1760 
x 1761 

1757 
a fA iy ys 1762 


* 1759 


Ch 25 SA 


JEAN-JACQUES PREVOST (Louis xv ). 
1762 — 1768 


1762 


” 
4 


e 


1763 oN | oy 
Eee 2 8 


“ 
D> ¢ 
ie : 
PPane ‘pat! 
r a mat me 


JULIEN ALATERRE (Louis xv), “ 
1768 — 1774 ists 


J.-B. FOUACHE (Lours xv1). . | Seen 
Benpeetiork | ce 1774 — 1780 eo 


1774 ‘ 


Marks on Paris Plate 303 


HENRI CLAVEL (Louis xvi). 
1780 — 1789 


1780 1784 


1781 17&5 


1786 


i 1782 
C= 


1787 


1788 


KALANDRIN (Louris xv1). 


1788 & : @) C4 1789 


DIsTINCTION Paris. DEPARTMENTS. 


The Decree of 9 November, 1797, also 
provided for the verification of pieces of 
_ silver of foreign or of undetermined origin; 


in the latter case the pieces were termed 
de hasard, and the mark is so designated. 


f FOREIGN. 
ye mes ned ned 
mM 
5B 
aah 


= 


304 Marks on Paris Plate 


TABLE OF PUNCHES, 
Made in execution of the Decree of the rrth. Prairial, An XI. 


(31st May 1803). 


DisTINeéTION. Paris, DEPARTMENTS. | DISTINCTION. Paris. DEPARTMENTS. 


GOLD STANDARDS. 


Medium. 


_ VERIFICATION. 


a 
a 
oI 
< 
f=) 
a 
< 
& 
M 
io-4 
& 
> 
rT. 
— 
mM 


FOREIGN. 


- At this epoch there were two small assa 
marks for gold: the first for articles wit 
garniture; the other without. 


GoLp AssAy Marks. 


Note.—The use of these punches ceased on the 16th of August 1819. The same day 
they were replaced by those of the Standard and Assay drawn in the following tables. The 
punches of the Ingots and the Argué were not reneved. 


Note.—The above table is according to Markham & Chaffers. 


Tas 
a a - 


Marks on Paris Plate 305 


DECREE OF 9TH NOVEMBER, 1797. 


Higher standard mark for silver (.950). 
The numeral is also found on the left side 
of the cock. 


Lower standard mark 
for silver (.800). 


- The assay office 
Peask for large pieces 
of silver; sometimes 
the figures are in- 

verted. 


Assay office mark for small pieces 
of silver. 


Confintation Agee mark of the 
assay office on pieces of silver made dur- 
ing the period current with the time of 
stamping. Modern pieces. 


Confirmation mark for old 
=A pieces of silver. 


DECREE OF IST SEPTEMBER, 1809 


Higher standard mark for silver. 


| Assay office marks 
for large pieces of 
silver. 


Assay oiice mark for small 
pieces of silver. 


_Recense marks of the 
assay office. 


This, head often appears 
on silver marked with the 
head of Minerva. See table 
of marks under the Decree 
of 1835. 


Note.—The above marks are according to Boivin. 


It seems that the recense mark was originally designed to settle the question of authen- 
ticity. It was affirmative. In England the procedure was different. There was no confir- 
mation, but, if the marks were forged, or fraudulent (i.e. substituted) they would be erased. 
At a later period the Paris Assay Office used the recense mark to check frauds upon the 
revenue and compelled all silversmiths to re-submit their marked wares so that this mark 


might be applied to those found genuine. 


306 Marks on Paris Plate 


TABLE OF PUNCHES, 


Made in execution of the Royal Ordinance of 22nd October 1817. 


—_— 


DEPARTMENTS, DISTINCTION, PakIs. DEPARTMENTS. 


S 

< 

mn 

DQ 

ma ee 

fa 

>. P None for the 
5 Medium. Departments. 


. | See the Table 
Small. Be of Divisional 
Punches. 


q | Large 
7 | 
=) 
a 
: | 
= See the Table 
ey Small of Divisional 
2 Punches, 
=I 
3 

| Large 

| 

O 
; eB 
> | © | 
< = 
< Small 
a 
5 | 
ia} See the l 

Divisional 


Punches. | 


. REMARKS.—1. In the figure of the Jarge punch of Assay of gold and silver, and of Verifica- 
tion, is engraved the numVer of the Department as shown in the list of Assay Offices. 2. The’ 


numeral indicative of each standard is engraved in the figure of the punches which serve to 
standard the works of gold and silver. 


Note.—The above table is according to Markham & Chaffers. 


——— 


Marks on Paris Plate 307 


TABLE OF STAMPS 


Of STanDarD and Assay, and of VERIFICATION of Gold and Silvery Works, for 


Paris and the DEPARTMENTS, as directed by the Act of 30th June 1835. 
Stamp for Foreign Wares. 


Heap OF A GREFK PHYSICIAN. HEAD OF AN EAGLE. A WEEVIL (Small). 
Gold. Standard No.1. 0.920. Gold Assay Mark. Guarantee of Standard. 
Foreign Gold and Silver. 


PARIS. 
PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
HEAD OF A HORSE. D between the legs. 
PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS, Gold Assay Mark. 


D under the chin. A CHIMERA (Large). 
; Silver. Watches imported. 
HEAD OF A GREEK PHYSICIAN. 


Gold. Standard No. Z. 0.840. 


DEPARTMENTS. 
D on the cheek. 


HEAD OF A WILD BOAR. 
Silver Assay Mark. 


PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
D behind the neck. 


HFAD OF A GREEK PHYSICIAN. 
Gold. Standard No.3. 0.750. 


PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
D between the wings and back. 


A CHIMERA (Small). 
Gold. Watches imported. 


Paris AND DEPARTMENTS. 
D behind the neck. DEPARTMENTS. 
D between the claws. 


._ HEAD OF MINERVA. PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 


Silver. Standard No.1. 0.950. 


HEAD OF spianyuinery aa D between the wings and back. 
Re-mark or mark of repetition for 
Gold Chains. HEAD OF A GIRAFFE. 


Gold and Silver. 
Stamp of Verification. 


FA ee ts PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
: | D between the horn and forehead. 
HEAD OF MINERVA. | 


PARIS AND DEPARTMENTS. 
D below the lower jaw. 


Silver. Standard No.2. 0.800. A WEEVIL (Large). 
Guarantee of Standard HFAD OF A BULLDOG. 
Forcign Gold and Silver. Gold and Silver, 


Stamp of Verification. 


’ 
PaRIs AND DEPARTMEN'rs. PaRIS AND DEPARTMENTS, Panis AND DEPARTMENTS. 
_... ... D. before the forehead. E .. D between the legs. D on the collar. 


Note.—The above table is according to Markham and Chaffers. The dotted lines indicate the Paris punches. 


CHAPTER XXVI 


Marks on French Provincial Plate 


AIX 


Punchof Punch of 


Charge Discharge Ad 


1774-1780 
(Large articles) 


1774-1780 
(Small articles) 


1780-1789 
(Large articles) 


1780-1789 
(Small articles) 


The above were state stamps; the 
stamps of the guild which guaranteed the 
standard (.958) during the above periods 
was a single extended wing, the top point- 
ing to right. 


ALENCON AND CAEN 


Punchof Punch of 


Discharge ieee 


1774-1780 
(Large articles) 


1774-1780 
(Small articles) 


1780-1789 
(Large articles) 


1780-1789 
(Small articles) 


The guild mark during the above 
periods was a potato bug viewed from 
above. 


AMIENS AND SOISSONS 


Punchof Punch of 


Charge Discharge Period 


1774-1780 
(Large articles) 


1774-1780 
(Small articles) 


1780-1789 
(Large articles) 


1780-1789 
(Small articles) 


The guild mark (punch of guaranty) 
for Amiens 1784-1789 was a crossbow 
ready for discharge. After May 1, 1838, a 
<ix-pointed star was used for Amiens 
silver. 


ARRAS 


Guild Mark Period 
at 


=> 1th Century 


o@ Phase: 


16th Century 


A chair was the guild mark for 1784- 
1789. 


i 
ae 
> ve 


Marks on French Provincial Plate 309 


BAYONNE BORDEAUX 
Guild Mark Period Punchof Punch of 
: Charge Discharge Period 
IL? ee 
16g0 1774-1780 
@ (Large articles) 
®) 1774-1780 
Punakor § (Small articles) 
Charge 
0 1774-1780 
(Large articles) 
: gy ae 
WN J 17700-1709 
FAN (Large articles) 


1774-1780 
(Small articles) 


A bird cage was the guild mark for ee 
1774-1780. A footprint was the discharge 8 ro) 1780-1789 


mark for small articles. (Small articles) 


BESANCON BOURGES 


Guild Mark Period Punchof Punch of 
Charge Discharge 


ay 
774-1780 
1430 9 feed articles) 


Period 


3 774-1780 


(Small articles) 


(Large articles) 


1780-1789 
G3 G (Small articles) 


Early 16th Century 


17th Century 


The guild mark for 1774-1780 for small 
articles (.843) was the head of an ape. 
For large articles, 1774-1791, a bell de- 
noted the higher standard (.958). 


R 15th Century 
<b 1780-1789 


9 age AA ame ean oh jes 
Der eee ae Miata 3c 
at Behe sek oS yo : 
? 7 iy ™ 
310 Marks on French Provincial Plate 


CH 1LONS-SUR-MARNE 


Punchof Punch of 
Charge Discharge 


1774-1780 

(Large articles) 

1774-1780 
Bg ° 


Period 


(Small articles of 
lower standard. A 
hand for the higher 
standard.) 


1780-1789 
C* (Large articles) 


1780-1789 
(Small articles) 


DIJON 


Punchof Punch of 
Charge Discharge 


dy 
} 1) 1774-1780 
jee (/) (Large articles) 


1774-1780 
Dp 2 (Small articles) 


Period 


Cay 
\>) S 1780-1789 
bt (Large articles) 


C7") 1780-1789 
J a, 


(Small articles) 


GRENOBLE 
Punchof Punchof aa 


Charge Discharge P eriod “a 


1774-1780 
gS (Large articles) _ 


Weta 
(Small articles) — 


1780-1789 ae 
(Large articles) 


¢ 


a piowiee i 
? (Small articles) 


LA ROCHELLE 
Punchof Punch of | 
Charge Discharge 


En ae - te ‘ 
G 1774-1780 


Period 


Punchof Punch of 


@ 


x 


fj 


Punchof Punch of 


Charge 


Ky 


B 


Marks on French Provincial Plate 


LIMOGES 
Discharge ee 
1774-1780 
=> 1774-1780 
1780-1789 
© _ 1780-1789 
LYON 

Discharge Missed 
&S 1774-1780 
& = -:1774-1780 
1780-1789 

p) 1780-1789 


MARSEILLES 
Guild Mark Period 
1760 
1780 
MONTPELLIER 
Guild Mark . Period 


MOP 
oh 


Cripps 


OS 


14th Century 


15th Century 


18th Century 


1774-1780 


1774-1780 


1780-1789 


1780-1789 


RTT 


310 Marks on French Provincial Plate — 


MOULINS AND ORLEANS 
Punchof Punch of 


Charge Discharge 


ix oO 


@ res 
2 


GB © 


Period 


1774-1780 


1774-1780 


1780-1789 


1780-1789 


Charge 


(3) 


POITIERS 


Punchof Punch of 


Charge Discharge 


@& 
B® « 
Ca 


Period 


1774-1780 


1774-1780 


1780-1789, 


1780-1789 


Charge 


RENNES 
Punchof Punch of 


Discharge 


Paane - 


BW ae 1780-1789 ‘e 


1774-1780 


Se ae 


. oN 1 
4s 
ae 
poe. 

it 


174-1780 


ry8o-1789 


- RIOM ae 


Punchof Punchof toh 
Discharge 


w 


Baal’ 


Period 
771780 


Pe 


Marks on French Provincial Plate 313 


ROUEN ST. GERMAIN 
: Punchof Punch of 

Period Charge Discharge Period 

2) 1780-1789 
a S (Large articles) 

ar ‘1780-1789 
1408 & (Small articles) 

SOISSONS 
Period 


circa 1715 


16th Century TOULOUSE 
Period 
Punch of 18th (?) Century 
Discharge 


gy is | 
3 1774-1780 
TOULOUSE AND MONTAUBAN 


Punch of Punch of 
R ® 1774-1780 


Charge Discharge Period 


> 1774-1780 


Fe) 1774-1780 


vi 
@B 
Con 
Ome ee 
mor. | & 


1780-1789 


=D 1780-1789 


Yt 


‘Le 


> 
yy 


ee 


a 


Punchof Punch of 


ah inet 
45 i 
: + 
Pri Geet oe ie ru 
e EA Sa bee oP dhe ay, 
{ i i by ( 
¥ i ae » 
ee are 


TOURS 


Charge Discharge 


‘5 0 1774-1780 


=) 1774-1780 


Fe 1780-1789 


Marks on French Provincial 


Peri 


marge valk sce it 


Punches 


Two large Roman 
“L”s one reversed; 
oak leaves inter- 
twined, surmounted 
by a crown, all in a 
shaped cartouche ~ 


P. L. in ornamented 
script capitals in 
monogram, all in a (8 
shaped cartouche 


CHAPTER XXVII 


Marks on German Plate 


AIX-LA-CHAPELLE 


Inspection 
P Piod 


15th and 16th Century 


1$th and 16th Century 


16th Century 


16th Century 


1573-1624 and later 


Aachenes 


1705 
170§ 
M 
ACH at} 


1808 
(The G may be a 


warden’s mark.) 


AA Chi E N Second Half of the 
AACHEN 19th Century 


315 


ALTENBURG 
I. ti 

ha a Period 
Q » 


17th-18th Century 


The numerals 12, 13, 14, appearing 
with German marks on silver indicate the 
number of sixteenths of pure silver con- 
tained in the article, 12 being equivalent 
to .750 fine; 13, .8125, etc. 

In modern times the standard of the 
German Empire has been .800. Goods 
destined for abroad are made of higher 
standards and are appropriately marked: 
925 “Sterling,” .g0, etc. 


316 Marks on German Plate 
ALTONA AUGSBURG 
Inspection ' I ti : Inspection : 
Mark Period < oo ” Period Pm A Period 


1703 


1748 


ty 
oy 
@ 


1782 


1797 


Middle of the 19th 
Century 


ANSBACH 


she rats Period 


& 
| =) 


16th-17th Century 


17th Century 


17th-18th Century 


17th-18th Century 


18th Century 


18th Century 


*%ZARBaAaGg 


Middle of the 
16th Century 


© 


Middle of 17th 
Century 


16th-17th Cen- 


tury 


Early 18th Cen- 
tury 


16th-17th Cen- 
tury 


@DbePT © 2. © © © wW D 


1735-1736 


Dm»p SPD It B® © B&B &® 


> a> 


Marks on German Plate 


AUGSBURG—Continued. 


sere Period ena Period ye ana 
Q Q eo 
1751-1753 
e 1736-1737 Q Q 
8 1767-1769 
po 1753-1755 () 
@ 1737-1739 & 
Q Q 1755-1757 i ent 
me. 6 
8 1757-1759 
& 7iH73 
id a 
1759-1761 & 

9 v 
Q 1743-1745 0) oe 
a?feas, I 6 al | 6 

( ny 1777-1779 
6) 1747-1749 & 
1763-1765 
1779-1780 
1749-1751 & 


318 Marks on German Plate 


AURICH 


Inspection : 
ee Period 


W 16th Century 


é 


“ igth Century 


BADEN-BADEN 


Inspection 
Mark 


16th Century 


16th-17th Century 
\\ 17th Century 


Period 


BAMBERG 


Inspection ; 
Mark Period 


1sth and early 16th 
Century 


1618 


17th and early 18th 
Century 


Q 
‘Bi 
B 
B 


BAMBERG—Continued. 


Inspection ; 
Mark Period 


17th and early 18th 
Century 


18th Century 


First half of 18th 
Century 


Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


End of 18th Century 


18th and first half of 
1gth Century 


B 
B 
B 
(3 
B 
(3 
@ 
E3 


Marks on German Plate 319 


| BERLIN BIBERACH 


sae Period Reha Period 
Second half of 17th 18th and 19th Cen- 
Century tury 
BREMEN 


First half of 18th Inspection 


Century Mark Period 


1gth Century 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


1735 or earlier 


vw 17th Century 


BRESLAU 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


Second half of 18th 


Century From 1539 to 1553 


16th and early 17th 
Century 


Early 17th Century 


Middle 17th Cen- 


18th Century to its 
tury 


close 


Second half 17th 
Century and to 
ep 


19th Century 


9069 O@QO90g ©2900 


@s<e@@2e@ 


1730-1740 —- 


BRESLAU-—Cen :nued. BRUCHSAY?. 


Inspection (A town of Baden) 
Period : 
ets Inspection Pertod 
Late 18th Century Mark =a 
C4) and to 1842 17th and 18th Cene 


— 


Punch used for .8125 
silver 1710-1795 BRUNSWICK 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


eS ay | End of 16th Century ates * 
© oo | Tagen 
A 1710-1712 &3 vee enry 
B 1712-1721 Pes 

$3 1721-1727 | 

ee 1727-1737 53 7th Centaurea 
[>) 1737-1745 

@ 1746-1758” | 

| a 
| ae Secon half of rth 

: Century — 

@ 761-1776 G3 

« 1776-1791 

S B93 91 Fag Ey 

ay 1849-1861 €3 7 


Marks on German Plate 307 


CASSEL | COLMAR 


Inspectt ; rs it 
ava ie e Period bie & Period 


16th and 17th Cen- 
1658 tury 


17th Century COLOGNE 


[ teers. Period 


17th and 18th Cen- 


tury 


16th Century 
18th Century GY 


e 
& 
& 


16th and 17th Cen- 


SK tury 


18th and igth Cen The last of these marks combined 
tury throughout the second half of the 17th 
Century but surmounted by date letters 

A, B, ete. 


Inspection 
Mark 


artad 


SS 
x 
: 
o 
S 
? 


COBLENZ 
Latter half of 17th 


Inspection Bead Century 


Mark 


w 


18th Century 


322 | Marks on German Plate 


COLOGNE—Continued. DAGEBULL 
hss Period ee eda Period 
wy 
as 
17th Century 
06 
13 
+44 17th and 18th Cen- 
13 First half of 18th tury 
Century 
w@ ; DANZIG 
Inspection ; 
iavt Period 
we 16th and 17th Cen- ~ | 
tury 
ads 
12 


17th Century 


Second half of 17th 
Century 
Middle of 18th Cen- 8 | | 


tury 17th and early 18th 


Century 


m GH 


DARMSTADT 


Inspection , 
Mark Period 


&3 16th and 17th Cen- 
tury | 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


Close of 18th Cen- 
tury 


18th and 19th Cen- 
tury 


€ai GH GB @ 


The numerals indicate the number of 19th Century 


_ sixteenths of pure silver, i.e., .8125 or .75. 


Sin oe pe ee eee As ten ae ee ar: 


Marks on German Plate 308 


DAVENSTADT DRESDEN 


: Inspection : 
Inspection eed sie Bead 


Mark 


e 0) 16th-17th Century 
: 17th Century 

* 

Ey Uncertain 


First quarter of 18th 
Century 


DESSAU <a 


eon Period g 
'D) 17th Century 1730 
© 


» 


DD) 18th-19th Century 


C2 foe CVE 
iD 19th Century 
3 os 
DILLINGEN 
ll Period 
@ First half 18th Cen- Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury tury 
(() 


NY Second half 18th | 
Century 


*The significance of the numerals 12, 13, 14 is explained in note on p. 315. 


324 Marks on German Plate 


DRESDEN—Continued. 


Inspection : Inspection 
eee Period pea Period 


Middle of 18th Cen- x 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


Close of 18th 
Century 


hC 
Third quarter of eb ait 


18th Century 


Third quarter of 
18th Century 


19th Century 


DRESDEN 


Late in the 19th Century the crossed swords instead of being in relief were encised (the 
field being in relief). The word DRESDEN also appears in some instances. 
Date letters were also used as follows: 


1702 1748 M (small Gothic) 1785 
1708 (script) 1750 N (small Gothic) 1793 
1714 1757 

1717 1760 Note.—No doubt this alohabet was 
1720 1761 used from 1775 to 1800. 
1722 1762 

1747 (in a form re- 1808 

1726 sembling the 1818 

1728 Roman G) 1822 

1731 1767 (small black letter) 1823 
1737 ; 1768 “ “ 3 ) 1826 
1738 1771 « ) 1828 
1739 eg. “ ) 1830 
1741 1773 

1747 1774 


MOO ZZNASM AHO ZOD 


i 
is 

oe... 
ie Se eS 


Marks on German Plate 308 


DUSSELDORF DUSSELDORF— Continued. 


Letideiat Period Hepa Period 


* 68 
LF 
12 


ie 18th Century 
DS 


17th and 18th Cen- LR 


tury 


17th Century 


ELBERFELD 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


as 17th Century 
iy 


17th and 18th Cen- ELBING 


r : 
Sad Inspection 


Mark 


1643-1753 


Period 


18th Century 


a 
T 
@ 
L 
Ly 
ab 
cr 
SS 
&3 
& 


*The significance of the numerals 12, 13 is explained in the note on p. 315 


326 Marks on German Plate 
EMDEN ERFURT—Continued. 
Inspection : Inspection ; 
dark Period Mark Period 
Gl 1474 (?) 
First half of 17th 
(24 16th Century Century 
Fee) 1601 | 
Ta. 
1603 Second half 17th 
Century 
GD 1612 
. 17th and 18th Cen- ~ 
tury 
(3 First half of 18th 
roa Century 
Second half 18th 
4-4) 1645 j Century 
ESSEN 
hes Inspection 
Mark Bbiocd 
ENGEN iB Farly 17th Century 
Inspection ; 
Period : 
ae o 17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 
17th Century 


Q 


EUTIN 
: Inspection : 
ERFURT Mark Period 
Inspection : 
fee b Period | 1623 
16th Century 
FRANKENSTEIN 
Inspection i 
Mark Period 
16th-17th Century 


Commencement of 
E 18th Century 


Marks on German Plate 


FRANKFORT-ON-MAIN 


Inspection 


eae Period 


*f 
4 € Up to 1614 


a 
a 


17th Century 


17th-18th Century 


Early 18th Century 


Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


2S oo 80 e&ces 


Inspection 
Mark 


Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


Period 


Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


0 O @ 


End of 18th Century 


327 


328 Marks on German Plate 


FRANKFORT-ON-ODER FREIBURG—Continued. 


I : Baden 
leek Period Inspection 
Period 


; Mark 
t &) 17th-18th Century 2) 17th Century 
C 1772 f.) 18th Century 


FRAUSTADT | 
: 18th Century 
nspection ; 
Atock Period E 
@ 17th and 18th Cen- FREIBURG 
tury 
¢t) ) (Saxony) 
Inspection : 
Aik _ Period 


FREIBURG re 
(Baden) 
Inspection Period End of 16th and 


Mark 


beginning of 17th 
Century 


1654 


1658 


1660-1667 


1668 


16th Century 


18th Century 


18th-1g9th Century 


& ES O20 OO © 


i 
ee 
P 
7a 
> 
a 
- 
if 
P 


Marks on German Plate 


FREISING 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


* End of 17th Century 


°" 


GB 18th Century 


FRIEDBERG 
Ag aig, Period 


17th Century 


FULDA 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


circa 1715 


FURTH 


vg Period 


@ ~ 


GEBWEILER 


Inspection 
Mark 


Ld End of 17th Century 


GEISLINGEN 


- eee Races 


& 17th-18th Century 


Period 


GLATZ 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


>t 16th Century 


GLOGAU 


I i 
ie ase Period 


CG 17th Century 


GMUND 


fg tt 
ped ee Period 


16th and 17th Cen- 
tury 

17th Century 

17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


tury 


oO 
6) 18th and 19th Cen- 
O 


GNOIEN 


Inspection 
Mark 


ote 18th Century 


Period 


329 


330 Marks on German Plate 


GORLITZ GUSTROW 
Inspection ‘ Inspection ; 
Mark Period fick Period 
G End of 17th to 
te 16th Century middle of 18th 
Century 


‘ Second half of 18th 
' Century 


17th Century 


6 HALBERSTADT 
Inspection 


Mark Period 


Middle of 17th Cen- 
ug tury 


18th Century 


1697 
GOTHA 
Inspection 


Mark Period 


te 17th Century 
cs) 1688 


Early 18th Century 


Early 18th Century 


GRABOW . 
Inspection ; 
Period 
Mark Middle 18tn Cen- 
Three tury 
stars above a : 
Uncertain 


crescent in a 


shield. 


m2 BB BS 


ee Ss 


Inspection 
Mark 


© 
© 
Uy 
NY 
& 
Q 


Inspection 
Mark 


Marks on German Plate 


HALL HAMBURG 
(Swabia) I saat Dicigt 
Period 


End of 16th Century 


Second half of 16th 


Century 16th-17th Century 


17th Century 


17th Century 


Gae eo 


18th Century 


ss 
> 
> 


HALLE 
(Saxony) 


Period 


16th Century 
17th Century 


ey 
5 
© 


17th Century 


17th-18th Century 


18th Century 


331 


Marks on German Plate 


HAMBURG—Conitinued. 


Inspection Inspection 


Siour Period Period 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


17th Century 


B- 


The years continued to be represented 
Shigge oo by date letters. 


Inspection ; 
Mark , Period 


1762 


(?) 


c5 & 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


1785 


« 1820 


G33 6565 


fi 
{Ps 
tn 
HM) 


1821 


Marks on German Tflate te at 


Inspection 
Mark 


Inspection 
Mark 


HANAU 


Period 


17th Century 


17th and early 18th 
Century 


Middle 18th Century 


18th Century 


HANOVER 


Period 


1640 


1644 


1663 


1665 


1670 


1686 


HANOVER— Continued. 


Inspection 
Mark 


Y Early 18th Century 


Middle of 18th Cen 
tury ; 


HANOVER-NEUSTADT 


Inspection : 
- Period 


Period sis) 


Mark 


a3 17th and 18th Cen- 
Pa tury 


EF 1726 


HEIDELBERG 


Inspection 
Mark 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury / 


4 18th Century 


Period 


334 Marks on German Plate 


HEILBRONN JAUER 


Identification : Identification ; 
Mark Period Mark Period 


18th Century 
Me 19th Century & 


HILDESHEIM KARLSRUHE 


Identification ' Tdéntificait 
Mark Perige hr 70" ~Period 


16th Century 
e | Until 1806 
lA 
17th Century 
KAUFBEUREN 


G- 18th Century oe cd Period 
nts ar 
ey 16th Century 


ILMENAU 
Identification : 
Period 
cored - 7 
Identification : 
& ee Mark Period 


INGOLSTADT & 16th—-17th Century 


Identification 
Mark 


Period 


1sth and 16th Cen- 
tury 


17th Century 


17th Century 


18th Century 


Marks on German Plate 335 


KIEL—Continued. KONIGSBERG—Continued. 
Identification Identification : 
Mark Period Mark Period 
57 17th Century 1754-1761 
' ¥ 1766-1772 
‘ 18th Century 
+ w 1760-1770 
2 1780-1790 
Ww 19th Century 
KITZINGEN 4 1784-1786 
° . Md 
DF Ay eet eee, 
Q 
4 1788-1800 
KK; 18th-19th Century 
KONIGSBERG 25 
I a a yey 
4 HB 4 1708 1830-1860 


| 1704-1716 
3 1714 and later 


1gth Century 


*See note on p. 315. 


336 Marks on German Plate 


KONIGSBERG—Continued. KONSTANZ 


Date Lette Identification : 
a cg Mark Period 


173 


16th Century 


16th and 17th Cen- 
tury 


17th Century 


Early 17th Century 


Middle 17th Century 


End of 17th Century 


@ 
» 
F 
L 
§ 
ZB 
C 
MI 
88 
B 
A 
A 


a > 


Marks on German Plate 


KONSTANZ—Continued. 


Identification 


Mark Period 


18th Century 


Bie 1gth Century 


CULLEL 


I 4 
op 
LANDSBERG 
A radia Period 


+: 17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 
ake 


LANDSHUT 


yf ee” Ppt 


+) 16th Century 


@ 


*See note on p. 315. 


LANDSHUT—Continued. 


I ee Period 


: Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


* 
(2) End of 18th Century 


LEER 


Identi d 
sy ie Period 


LEIPZIG 


Identi ] 
eee cred Period 


16th Century 


End of 16th Century 


17th Century and 
early 18th Cen- 
tury 


are 


| 


338 Marks on German Plate 


LEIPZI1G—Continued. LIEGNITZ 


Identification P Identification 
Mark vihideo Mark 


Period 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


16th and 17th Cen- 
tury 


Early 18th Century 
End of 17th Cen- 
tury 


LISSA 


Identification Period 


Mark 
18th Century ar» 


LUBECK 


Identification : 
Mark Period 


’ a h Cent 
Jax 15th Century : 


1495 


18th Century 


1501 


w 
“- 
Gp - 
ie, 


e 
8 
o 
= 
y 


1775 Early 16th Century 


& 


Marks on ean Plate 339 


LUBECK—Continued. 


Identification 
Mark 


orm, 


892 80808 SSQace 


Period 


1540 


Middle 16th Cen- 
tury 


Second half 16th 
Century 


16th and 17th Cen- 
tury 


1622 


1631 


Middle 17th Cen- 
tury 


18th Century 


LUDWIGSBURG 


I Hib ei Deiat 


1gth Century 


LUNEBURG 


bo a Period 


rs 
Vas 
3 15th-16th Century 


First half of 16th 
Century 


Qa * 


340. Marks on German Plate 


LUNEBURG—Continued. 


Inspection P 
‘g Period 


Second half of 16th 
Century 


16th-17th Century 


OO30 e828 OB @: 


ee 


LUNEBURG—Continued. 


Inspection 
Mark 


® 
® 


Period 


ba Early 17th Century 


Beginning of tgth 
Century 


MAGDEBURG 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


End of 17th Century 


Early 18th Century 


17th-18th Century 


Marks on German Plate 341 


MAINZ 


Oo” Period 


16th Century 


17th Century 


17th Century 


Wage, 
1761 


1gth Century 


MANNHEIM 


ee” Period 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 
g ~ 
Q » 
* 
1737 
® ... 


*See note on p. 315. 


MARIENBURG 


hi ti 
te pied Period 


@) 17th Century 
ny 17th-18th Century 


MARIENWERDER 


Inspection 


hie Period 


@ 18th Century 


MARKDORF 


sn Period 


17th Century 


MEMEL 


Inspection 


Atotk Period 


18th Century 


MEMMINGEN 
of epee Period 


el 16th Century 


Same device but 17th Century 


in circle 
MERGENTHEIM 
eRe Period 


18th Century 


342 Marks on German Plate 


METZ MUNICH—Continued. 


Inspection Inspection : 
Mark Period Sik Period 


o» G 


MULHAUSEN 
(Alsace) 


Period 


L 
t>) 
4 


2! 


1’ 
, 


Inspection 
Mark 


17th Century 


Kon 17th-18th Century 
<> 18th Century 


MULHAUSEN 
(Saxony) 


Period 


18th Century 


Inspection 
Mark 


so 1618 


MUNICH 


OB wee 


a’ 
. 


oe iat Period 


16th and 17th Cen- 
tury 


ke Second half of 17th 
? Century 


Or gr > a Pod 
Eo 
eek Ny 


ry ‘@ ,9 
K 
e) + 


Marks on German Plate 343 


MUNICH— Continued. NAUMBURG—Continued. 
I hi ‘ 
. ‘ a Period eimai Pertod 


t» @) 4! 
D ¢ Se 
JY 1760 rf) 


18th Century 


a? 1762 8 
18th Century 

x3 1773 
*: fi NEISSE 

ie ols Period 
*) 1795 2) 1604 

MUNSTER 

oo ‘Period G2 17th and beginning 


of 18th Century 

LJ 6th C CP, 

16th Century 

Ss 
ES 17th Century oe 1742 


NAUMBURG NORDEN 
Vistnacit Inspection Ne 
tie Dor na Rak Period 
xy 16th and 17th Cen- fs | 
tury ; 18th and 1gth Cen- 
tury 
Xe 17th Century 
BR 17th Century 4% 19th Century 


1684 BeKey 1gth Century 


Marks on German Plate 


OBERGLOGAU 
Identification : 
Mark Period 


344 
NORDLINGEN NUREMBERG—Continued. 
I cy pares Period Date Letters 
$f A) 1766-69 
vy 17th Century 
® 179-73 
NUREMBERG a 1773~76 
Inspection Period 
Mark eh, 
17) 'D) 1776-80 
Early 16th Century 
@ E) 1780-83 
N Second half of 16th F 1783-87 
Century 
@ 1787-90 
Ny ©) 1790-94 
Ny 16th and 18th Cen- j 
ye ry 1794-97 
® kK) 1797-1800 
NT) : Igth Century 
16th and 18th Cen- & 
® tury 


19th Century 9 18th Century 


—i« — 
ie Se ee 


Marks on German Plate 345 
OCHSENFURT PADENBORN 
a” Period lls Se Period 
1625 17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 
OFFENBURG 
ificati th Cent 
SC a Period @> 19 entury 
il 1516 PASSAU 
Nena Identification : 
Ven Period 
roe peeks 17th and 18th Cen- 
I "ey eta Period tury 


AN vie 18th Century 
a a 
1700 7 
: tgth Century 
1716 PFORZHEIM 


é ppp ues Period 


OSTERODE 


1 ag? 18th-19th Century 
Identification Period W 9 
Mark 


Gold standard tgth 

® YS Century 

17th Century 
NY tgth Century 

® « 


® 17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


Gold standard late 
1gth Century 


POSEN 
Gs 19th Century af ee Period 
OOTTINGEN 
— Period 17th-18th Century 
@ 18th Century OS 


*See note on p. 315. 


346 Marks on German Plate 


POTSDAM RAPPOLTSWEILER 


Identification ; Inspection # 
Mark Period Stamp Period 
ret 1615 


18th Century 


RATIBOR 


ee 
ea Perind 
PRUSSIA 


Period 
REGENSBURG 
Inspection Period 


16th-17th Century 


Law of February 12, 
1809 


17th Century 


Law of April 25, G 18th Century 
: Z 


RITZEBUTTEL 


From September 10, Inspection ; 
: Period 
1809, this stamp 
was used on tax- 
free church silver 


18th Century 


Marks on German Plate 347 


ROSENHEIM SCHWEINFURT 


4 “p = ae pet Peyronie Daeg 
4S 17th Century End of 16th Century 


Middle of 17th Cen- 
tury 


ROSTOCK 


Inspection 


ae Period 


1681 


1730-1740 


1756 


1807 


First half of 17th 


Century SCHWERIN 
I she ashe Period 
S) 
SCHORNDORF in circle 


17th and 18th Cen- 


Identification area tur 
eee Period S y 
in shield 
= 16th Century 
SPEIER 
: ati Period 
SCHWEIDNITZ is é 
° . ag 
“aie Period sae 15th Century 
Ge) 17th Century Ses 
. inaiee 15th-16th Century 
Cy 
Co) 18th Century aie 16th Century 
eae 


*See note on p. 315. 


348 Marks on German Plate 


STADTAMHOF 


oe Mtn met 


STETTIN 


Identification 


Mark 


ng 16th-17th Century 


Period 


STOLBERG-WERNIGERODE 


Identification 
Mark 


Period 


18th Century 


STRALSUND 


Identification 
Mark 


p 17th Century 


STRASBURG 


fcati 
Ae ah Period 


B 1534-1567 


1567-1616 


Period 


*See note on p. 315. 


STRASBURG—Continued. 
Identification 


Mark Period 
~ 

\ 1567-1616 
NI 1616-1639 
* 53) 1639-1643 

8 1643-1644 
C 


Oo ewe 
ae a? ED os 


Marks on German Plate 349 


STRASBURG—Continued. 


Identification Identification Identification 


oe Period Mark Period Merk Period Date Letiers 


1655 1682 
1656 


1659 


1659 


is a: 


% 
é 
S 
6G 
: 


1672-1674 


1750-1796 


1674-1690 


EEBG> WA BHP HS ag 


EDS 6S RES 


*See note on p. 315. 


350 Marks on German Plate 


STRAUBING 


Identification 
Mark Period 


Second half 16th 
Century 


(S)} se FH) 


STUTTGART 


Identification : 
Mork Period 


End of 16th Century 
1600 


17th Century 


17th Century 


1700 


18th-19th Century 


YY 
S 
o 
@ 
@ 
@ 
o 
eS 


STUTTGART—Continued. 


Identification 


Mark Period 


18th-19th Century 


19th Century 


SUHL 


Identification 
Mark 


17th Century t 


1750 circa 


THORN 
Identification Period 


Period 


17th Century 


18th Century 


1760-1780 


fe) 


re 


Marks on German Plate axi 


TILSIT 


Identification : 
fi Period 


18th Century 


Early 19th Century 


TITTMONING 
I oe irl sae 


a 17th Century 


TORGAU 


I ea Period 


€e 16th-17th Century 
> 17th Century 


TREBNITZ 


I see, hte Period 


3 17th Century 


TUBINGEN 


Identification 
Mark 


TUTTLINGEN 


Identification 
Mark 


Period 


Period 


ie 1660 


UBERLINGEN 


Identification 


py es Period 


End of 16th Century 


End of 16th Century 


& 


2963 26324 Sax 4 S 


16th-17th Century 


17th Century 


18th Century 


352 


Ideniification 
Mark 


OCG Be 


©) 4% 4% Es 


Marks on German Plate 


ULM ULM—Continued. 
Period ee oe Period 


gs 17th and 18th Cen- 


CBS 


16th Century © 


D<] 
Dx) 
Se 


SeGa@Eeé¢ 


16th-17th Century 


17th Century 


tury 


18th Century 


VELBURG 


Inspection 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


Inspection 
Marr 


Period 


18th-1gth Century 


VERDEN 
Period 


17th Century 


Marks on German Plate aod 


VILLINGEN WERTHEIM 
Sas 15th and 16th Cen- 6 
tury Apee 
V 
' 18th Century 
WESEL 
Inspection ; 
Tce ee Pericd 
Inspection s 
Mark Period 16th Century 
WwW 
18th Century 
in shield 
WARTHA WISMAR 
fatale Period a oti Period 
?) Ce r 
18th (2) Century 16th Century 
WEILHEIM 
ff tt ; 
eras erat Nie) 17th Century 


I oth-1 8th Century 


18th Century 


WEIMAR 


te pie _ Period 


W Beginning of 17th 
WY/) Century 


End of 17th Century 


WOLFENBUTTEL 
ee Period 


Re 1668 
rel 


17th Century 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury : 


354 Marks on German Plate 


WORMS 


Inspection 
Mark 


A 16th and 17th Cen- 
We: tury 


eA 17th Century 
ee 1730. 


WURZBURG 


Sipe H Period 


(3) 18th Century 


7 Early 19th Century 


Period 


WURZEN 
vay aaa Period 
WW) 18th Century 
ZERBST 
a a Period ._ 
1696 
1700 


Ne 


ZERBST—Continued. 


Inspection 
Mark 


A = 
@ 


ZITTAU 


Period 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


1710 


1731 


1750 


ZWEIBRUCKEN 


. Inspection : 
Mark Period 


18th Century 


ZWICKAU 


Inspection 


Mark 


16th and 17th Cen- 
tury 
<, 17th Century 


Period 


CHAPTER XXVIII 
Marks on Other Continental Plate 


AUSTRIA 
BOZEN CRACOW 


Inspection 


I tt. : j 
at alah ll Period Ark Period 


Mark 
1708 1807-1809 


Middle of 18th Cen- 
tury 


1824-1866 NAY. 1809-1835 


1866-1872 Gold 
1872 


BRUNN 1835-1866 


L 4 pili Penal 


1859 


* 1835-1866 etc., indicate the period. Each 
mark is dated. One shown is 1845; the other 
is 1859. For numerals 12 and 13 shown in 
Briinn and Cracow marks see p. 315. 


EGER 


esa siins Period 


17th-18th Century 
Beginning of 18th 
Century 


C | 1868-1872 


356 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


GRAZ 


Coe Period 


Late 16th Century 


HALL 


Ins } : 
nspection Patt 


Mark 


Form used _ from 
1824 to 1866. * 
Each year is given. 
See footnote under 


Cracow, p. 355. 
H 1866-1 868 


HOTZENPLOTZ 


Inspection 


Mark 


IGLAU 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


Period 


1769 (-1776) 


INNSBRUCK 


Inspection ; 
‘i Period 


Late 17th Century 


17th and 18th Cen- 
tury 


KLAGENFURT 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 
1806-1866 
1866-1867 
1868-1872 
G2 1872 


KREMSIER 


Inspection : 
Mark Period 


w 1769 
i 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 


LAIBACH 


Inspection 
Mark 


oY 18th Century 


Period 


us 
1802 
1806 
LEMBERG 
Inspection Period 


Mark 


1694 


I3 
LOW7 1787-1806 
fa 


MAHRISCH-TRUBAU 


is sit Period 


¢ 16th Centurv 


1736 


NICOLSBURG 


aa Period 


OLMUTZ 


Inspection 


ark Period 


17th Century 


Q 


1769-1776 
PRAGUE 
Inspection sy 


Mark 


16th Century 


tury 


1673 


1731 


1795 
1800 


1807-1813 


1814-1866 


Middle of 17th Cen- 


a7 


Marks on Other Continental Plate : 


RAGUSA ; TRIESTE—Continued. 
Inspection , Inspection 
rope Period Mark Pigg 
* 
17th or 18th Cen- dnp 1803 
tury 
=u ni 1805 
SALZBURG 
Inspectior 
b 
oe TROPPAU 
Inspection Postar 


Mark 


16th Cent 
16th-17th Century 


Close of 16th | Cen- 


t 
ury io 
1759 
17th-18th Century 
1789-1806 
SCHARDING 
1807-1866 
Inspection Period 
tk erio 
» 
VIENNA 
\| " 17th Century 7 ; 
nspection 
Mark Period 
TRIESTE 
Inspection a 


iat Period 


ae 
ky 
* & Middle of 16th Cen- 
ey a 
f Ps From the end of 16th 
3 18th Century ° WW. Century to 1674 
ey ers for silver of .875 


standard 


& @ ... 


*See note, p. 355- 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 359 


VIENNA—Continued. 


Inspection 


‘atk Period 


z 


1687 


+ 


= 
w 


1692 for silver of 
.8125 standard 


wo = 
RO. 


1737 for silver of 
.8125 standard 


VIENNA—Continued. 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


1812-1813 


1814 for silver of 
8125 standard 


1819-1866 for silver 
of .9375 standard 


pad 1737 for silver of 
3D; 9375 standard ZNAIM 
_ Inspection , 
‘APN? 1764 for silver of Mark fie 
CB, 9375 standard 
A I 6 
‘@: 1807-1812 eg 
oNL/7 
HUNGARY 
BUDAPEST BUDAPEST—Continued. 
Period poe Period 
17th-18th Century 1818 
1854 
18th Century 
GRAN 
alent Period 


18th-19th Century 


*See note on p. 315. 


18th-19th Century 


360 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


LEUTSCHAU 


Period ae Pie Period 


KASCHAU 


Inspection 
Mark 


Q3 16th Century Ea 1664 


17th and 18th Cen- 63 
turies é3 
17th Century 


@ 
8 


NEUSATZ 


Inspection 5 
ties Period 


1800-1866 


KECSKEMET oe 
ee Period 
¢} 16th Century NEUSOHL 
Inspection Period 


Mark 


& 17th Century 
1657 j 1 be 
3 ‘a: 1813 


KLAUSENBURG PRESSBURG 


Inspection . Inspection A 
Mark Period Mark Period 


16th and 17th Cen- 
turies 


16th Century 


1841 


1864 


rf 
i 


<0 aes ri 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 361 


SCHEMNITZ TEMESVAR 


I ; 
icine Period 


88 1576 

ae 17th Century 
Ss 17th-18th Century 
3) 18th Century 


Inspection 


Period 


BELGIUM 


Following are the State Assay Office punches, denoting 


quality for modern silver and gold in Belgium under the law 
of 1868. 


For large pieces of 
.goo fine for large Sanne : 
& pieces of silver @ gold .800 fine 
(19. 2K) 


For large pieces of 
@) gold | .750- fine 
(18K) 


800 fine for large 


pieces of silver 


For small pieces of 
gold .800 fine 


rAS .goo fine for small 


pieces of silver 


() For small pieces of 
gold .750 fine 


B00 fine for small @ Foreign silver 


pieces of silver 


362 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


ANTWERP 
; Hall ‘ Hall 
Period Mark Period Mark 


Early 16th Century 17th Century 


17th Century 


1619 


eG Gs 


16th Century 


17th Century 


B) 


Ge 


17th Century 


1609 


Y @ 


16th-17th Century 1662 


GS AGEs @ PS 
SGaeaGQagace 


17th Century 


1664 


Circa 1670 


17th Century 


1738 


18th Century 


1757 


3772 


1783 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 363 


ANTWERP— Continued. 
Date Letters 


Early 16th Century W/ 


17th Century 


BA 3558-1559 
17th Century 


17th Century 


16th Century 


17th Century 


17th Century 


1565-1568 


1662-1663 


zs 8 @ & a@& OS B&B B 


r7th Century 


P 
© 
B 
7 
P| 
S 
i] 
@ 
GI 


= 


16th-17th Century 


364 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 


BRUGES 
Period 


17th Century 


BRUSSELS 


Hall Period 


Mark 


1618 


18th Century 


State-Control 
Mark 


1618 


18th Centurv 


Date Letter 


1618 


BRUSSELS—Continued. 


Year Date Period 
1751 
GHENT 
Hall : 
Atak Period 


2 


18th Century 


The helmet, crowned, was used as guild 
mark in the early 16th Century. In the 
latter half of that period it was uncrowned. 
These marks were all in profile and looked 
to the left. In the first half of the 18th 
Century the helmet (or casque) was 
uncrowned and full face and continued 
so throughout the century, 


Hall 
Mark 


JOURNAY 


Period 


16th Century 


1627 


See 8S en! = 


; 
, 
P 
r 
i 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 365 
LIEGE LIEGE—Continued. 
Period een Period 


— 
i 


1772-1784 
1650-1689 
LOUVAIN 
Phat Period 
1744-1763 
18th Century 
MECHELEN 
1764-1771 pa Period 


1691 


366 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


MONS YPRES 


Hall : 
Mark Period 


& 17th Century 
1766 Secand half of 17th 
Century 


Second half of 18th 
Century 


Period 


DENMARK 
AALBORG COPENHAGEN—Continued. 


Period pha Period 


1686 1645 


1663 
COPENHAGEN 


Lie Period 


16408 
ii 1608 


‘@2ar- 


i 
XQ 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 367 


COPENHAGEN—Continued. COPENHAGEN—Continued. 
si 2 Pertwd Hall Period 


‘ 6 
1733 a 


1783 


1841 


1851 


1743 


ODENSE 


pean Period 
P14] 


HOLLAND 


a . 
leided Period ae Period 


Law of 1852, silver aH ies “ins less than  .833 
For large pieces of gold .916 
ae @ standard 


Large silver pieces .934 Mark for imported silverware 


standard 


Mark for imported goldware 
Large silver pieces .833 


standard For small foreign pieces (gold 
S&S and silver) 


Small pieces of silver both 


Export stamp for silver and 
standards 


gold 


368 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


AMSTERDAM 


Guild 
Stamp 


Period 


1556 


16th-17th Century 


1606 


1608 


1655 


ww) 


a 


18th Century with 
date letters 


y EP GRID 


bd 
Ge 


BREDA 


Period 


15th-16th Century 


16th-17th Century 


DOKKUM 


Guild ; 
Stamp Period 


1648 


DORDRECHT 


Guild 
Stamp 


€ 
a 


ENKHUIZEN 


Period 


Period 


Latter part of 17th 
Century 


GOUDA 


Guild 
Stamp 


EB 16th Century 


Period 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 369 


THE HAGUE LEEUWARDEN 


Guild oe Guild 
Mark thee Mark 


tec 
17th Century 17th-18th Century 


Pertod 


MAESTRICHT 
17th Century with Guild 
date letter ‘ ea Period 
nk Latt art of 18tl 
17th Century state Bees i 


assay mark 


Tees ROTTERDAM 


Guild 
Mark 


a & Of a 


Period 


18th Century eke 
18th Century 


& 


HERZOGENBUSCH’S 
Guild : 
Mark Bens UTRECHT 


Period 


17th Century 


1614 


HOORN 


ote Period 


SS 1640 


17th Century 


1710 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 


379° 
UTRECHT—Continued. ZWOLLE 
Guild ‘ Guild 5 
een Period Mik Period 
WN : 17th Century 
18th Century 
1721 
VLISSENGEN 
ea Period 
16th-17th Century ie 1726 and later 
ITALY 
AQUILA FERRARA 
Inspection 3 Inspection : 
Mark Period Mark Pariod 
hc 
J gO} Early 15th Century >, shi at 
FLORENCE 
ie Phi gs Period 
Early 16th Century 
$5) 17th-18th Century 


18th Century 


BOLOGNA 


de igs Period 
( 18th Century ©) 18th Century 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 371 


GENOA MODENA 
7 Aer : 
6) 18th Century 
co r6th Century 
fi 18th Century NAPLES 
State : 
Stamp Period 
EA - 
End of 18th Century 
EY WAP 17th Century 
LUCCA : | ; 
Inspection (Sa 17 (2) 
Mark en NAP 
TMEEY, 
6 18th Century. 
1702 
MAILAND 
| Tse Period 
‘ eu 1810 _ 
NAP 1716 
| WATS id 
4 
Git Control-stamp of 
ee cS 
A 1720 
MANTUA NAP 
Pee 124 
, sate Period 
fa 18th Century NAA 1736 


772 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


NAPLES—Conzinued. PARMA 


State State 


Period Stamp Period 


o>. 
Middle of 18th Cen- @e 18th Cent 
tury e Bd 
ROME 
ge State ; 
Stamp Period 
§> 17th Century 
1700 (?) 
Late 17th Century 
QO 8 
1716 
7 4) 18th Century 
ae 1790 (?) 
1720 ; 
Y 18th and 19th Cen- 
turies 
1736 
SOLMONA 
NSC et 
Period 
13 and 14th Cen- 
PALERMO turies 
Saad Period 
14th Cen and to 
44 18th Century pe wi 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 3 SOK 


SOLMONA-— Continued. VENICE 
State é State i 
Stamp Period Stamp Period 


St iddle of 
ek Co . Q 17th-18th Century 
e @ 


SUl 


Middle of 15th Cen- 
tury 


16th-18th Century 


1th or 16th Cen- 
UT aa | 
1805. Stamp for 


; 8125 standard of 


TURIN silver 
State : 
Stamp Period 
1805. Stamp for 
18th Century -9375 standard of 
silver 
(ee) 
Aju 18th Century fic 
Se 
PORTUGAL 
EVORA LISBON 
a Period ee Period 


| *] ayae | +4 17th-18th Century 
rf 18th Century 


GUIMARAES OPORTO 


Inspection Inspection 
Mork Period Mark 


tel 1790 PE 17th Century 


Period 


374 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


NORWAY 
BERGEN BERGEN—Continued. 


Inspection : Inspection : 
Mark Period Mark Period 


circa 1800 


circa 1815 


CHRISTIANIA 


Inspection : 
P Period | 


18th Century 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 375 


RUSSIA 


The marks on the following pages might lead the reader to 
believe that. 84 in an oblong cartouche was a mark pe- 
culiar to the city of Tula. The distinctive town mark is often 
placed with 84 which designates the Russian standard of 
silver .g03 fine, the unit being divided into ninety parts. 

For approximately two centuries Russian silver has been 
dated, the year being represented by numerals in a straight 
line, e.g., 1746. 


ASTRAKHAN IRKUTSK or TOBOLSK 

heasiags Period sere: Period 

rae | 1774 

BAUSK 

eneeret Period YAROSLAF 

Mark 

Inspection Resid 
wor Mark 
18th Century 
1767 
DORPAT 

Inspection ee KALUGA 

Mark ; 

Inspection Period 
Mark 
° 17th Century ; 
; — Close of 18th Cen- 
———— tury 
GOLDINGEN 
Inspection Peri KAMENETZ-PODOLSKI 
Mark ce Inspection 
P Period 


Mark 


( Gs) 18th Century G Ve 


pct 


376 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


KAZAN 


hor sie Period 


Inspection 


Mark 


po 


0 19th Century 


KOSTROMA 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


Found on 18th Cen- 
tury silver 


Inspection 
Mark 


Q. 1781 


MITAU 


Period 


Inspection 


ype Period 


0 17th Century 


MOSCOW 


Inspection ; 
5 Pts Period 


1734-1741 


Inspection 


Mark 


Oy 


18th Century 


PSKOF 


ee oi Period 


Unknown 


Inspection 
Mark 


UC 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 377 


REVAL 


Period 


16th Century 


17th Century 


18th Century 


as 
é> 18th Century 
RIGA 
oem Boeriod 
16th Century 
1600 


17th-18th Century 


18th Century 


ST. PETERSBURG 


Inspection ; 
Mak Period 


1736 
1746 
1760 
HK 1801 
180) 
6 3 | 
G2 1829-1880 
TULA 
Inspection Period 


Mark 


84k) igth Century 


378 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


TVER 


sh nos ta Period 


18th Century 


VILNA 


Inspection : 
Mark Period 


1A! 16th-17th Century 


VLADIMIR 


yf ti 
eat ie Period 


18th Century 
| | 
| 


ARBOGA or OREBRO 


Inspection 


Mark Period 


17th and 18th Cen- 


turies 


VOLOGDA 


Inspection 
Mark 


<4) 18th Century 


Period 


WALK 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


Close of 18th Cen- 
tury 


WIBORG 


Inspection ; 
Mark Period 


\/ 18th Centuny 
WW) 18th-19th Century 


SWEDEN 


BORAS 
Wf nspection 


Mark Period 


18th Century 


After 1860 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 379 


CHRISTIANSTAD 
“appa Period 
1647 


17th and 18th Cen- 


turies 


yal | 


18th and 19th Cen- 
turies 


EKSJO, HEDEMORA, and 
LINDESBERG 


T . 
fd Sa Period 


17th Century 


$e 18th Century 


18th Century 


Guild Masters’ 
Marks 


cd 


‘DH 18th Century 


GEFLE 
T . 
Sais ti Period 


G 18th Century 


'G) 1810 


GOTHENBURG 


Meehieih Period 


2 Last half of 18th 
x Century 


LINDESBERG 


Inspection 
Mark 


Period 


Close of the 18th 


Century 
LULEA 
shee pdb Period 
Ee) Middle of 18th Cen- 


tury 


$< Beginning of 19th 


Century 
25 


NORRTELJE 


wera th Period 


(t) Early 19th Century 


380 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


OREBRO STOCKHOLM—Continued. 


Inspection ; Inspection 
Period yaw Pics 


18th Century 


SODERHAMN 


Inspection 
Mark Period 


we, 
C23 18th Century 


STOCKHOLM 


Inspection 
Mark Period 


1647 


1650 


1650 


1674 


1692 


Close of 17th Cen- 
tury and first half 
of 18th Century 


= 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 381 


TABLE OF DATE LETTERS FOR STOCKHOLM, 1689 TO 1759, 
AND FROM THAT YEAR FOR ALL OF SWEDEN. 


-* Sere 


| A = 1689 | of = 1713 | a = 1737°| A = 1789 | Az = 1783 | 

B = 1690 | @ = 1714} b = 1738 | B = 1760 |.B2 = 1784 | 
C =1691 | @ =1715 | -¢ = 1739 | C = 1761 | C2 = 1785 

D- = 1602 | YD = 1716 | d = 1740 D = 1762 | D2 == 1786 
4 Mee t003|) SG = 1717) ¢ = 1741 | E = 1763 | E2 = 1787 

q F = 1694 | &# = 1718 f = 1742 F = 1764 | F2 = 1788 | 
¥ G = 1695 | & = 1719] g = 1743 G = 1765 | G2 = 1789 
q H = 1696 | # = 1720|/ fh = 1744 H- == 1766 | H2 = 17090 
To 1607 | co = 1721 i = 1745 I = 1767 }}I2 = 1791 
K = 1608 | cH = 1722 k = 1746 K = 1768 | K2 = 1792 
be ogg | = 1723 | | = 1747 | L = 1769 | L2 = 1793 

M = 1700 | eH = 1724] m= 1748 | M = 1770 | M2 = 1794 
N = 1701 | VW = 1725 | tt = 1749 Nee 1771 | N2-s= 1705 
j O = 1702 | G@ =1726| 9 = 1750 QO = 1772 | O2 = 1706 
P = 1703 | # = 1727 | p—=—175t | P = 1773 -| P2 = 1797 
2 QO = 1704 | @ = 1728 | g = 1752 Q = 1774 | Q2 = 1798 
“ er oce) oe — 1729} rt = 1753 | R = 1775 | R2 = 1799 
g mee 1700 | of = 1730 S = 1754 S = 1776 | S2 = 1800 
£ T = 1707 | oy = 1731 - t = 1755 T = 1777 | T2 = r8o! 
3 Reet 70a | 97 = 1732} w= 1756 U = 1778 | Uz. = 1802 
. W = 1709.| W = 1733; w= 1757 | W= 1779 | W2= 1803 
. foe I7IO | == 1734 | ¢& = 1758 X = 1780 | X2 = 1804 
q Y=170 |. Y =.1735 Y = 1781 | Y2 = 1805 
S Pee t7i2 | SY = 1736 Z -= 1782 | Z2 = 1806 


| 
A3=1807. A4 = 1831. A5 = 1855. AG = 1879. A7 = 1903. | 


382 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


TORSHALLA 


Inspection 
Mark 


CY 18th Century 


ULRICEHAMN 


Inspection 


Period 


Mark Period 
@ Early 19th Century 
VASTERAS 
Inspection 
Mark Period 
if 
18th Century 
YSTAD 
rf ti 
yoRhiEy Period 


18th-1g9th Century 


tgth Century 


16th and 17th Cen- 


turies 


HES ae 


YSTAD—Continued. 


Inspection 
Mark 


 @EaEki EER 


Period 


18th Century 


18th Century 


18th Century 


Close of 18th Cen- 
tury 


Inspection 
Mark 


GB6@epesc CQ9DG Odae 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 383 


SWITZERLAND 
BADEN BADEN—Continued. 
Period se pitt Period 


Early 17th Century 


17th-18th Century 


16th Century and 
later 


Middle of 17th Cen 
tury 


17th Century 


1678 


17th Century 


17th-18th Century 


18th Century 


18th Century 


a: 
g 


BERN 


Inspection 
Mark 


ae 
an 
Tm 


Period 


16th Century 


BIENNE 


si 
Leh ne Period 


oy 18th Century 


384 _ Marks on Other Continental Plate 


Inspection 
Mark 


24 
SF 16th-17th Century 
EINSIEDELN 


Inspection P 
Mark Period 


We) 17th-18th Century 


&® 18th Century 


GENEVA 


Inspection ; 
Nak Period 


oF 


18th Century 


LAUSANNE 


ee Period 


0 18th Century 


LUZERN 


Inspection 
Mark 


= 16th Century 
=i | 18th Century 


NEUCHATEL 


Inspection : 
Mark Period 


Period 


17th-18th Century 


NEUVEVILLE 


Inspection ; 
Mark Period 


e @ 
> th Cent 
a _ 17 entury 


PAYERNE 


Inspection ° ; 
Mark Period 


16th and 17th Cen- 


turies 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 385 


RAPPERSWIL SURSEE 


Soar Period 3 HE pat Period 


@ 16th and 17th Cen- ah 16th and 17th Cen- 
B - turies z) turies 


17th and 18th Cen- 


18th Century g § foal 


SCHAFFHAUSEN | acl 
Inspection oye 


Inspection Paced Sik 


Mark 
RS 17th Century 


ay 16th Century 
VEVEY 


17th-18th Century 
Inspection Period 


18th Century Mark 


wy | 
om a 
y 


16th and 17th Cen- 
turies 


Inspection Period 18th Century 


Mark 
16th Century 


WINTERTHUR 


sie salen Period 


18th Century ey 18th Century 
N 


17th Century 


av 1%, 
Ar TAT 


386 Marks on Other Continental Plate 


ZURICH—Continued. 


Inspection 


Inspection Destad Mark Period 


1584 


Early 17th Century 


INN: 


1620 


17th Century 


18th Century 


oh ZURICH 
Inspection 
Period 
neh 17th and 18th Cen- 


turies 


1563, 1564, 1565 


qaya qQTNyaqagaic @ @ 


Marks on Other Continental Plate 


BARCELONA CORDOVA 


r i : I tt 
cee Period Sie Pertod 
15th Century +28 1gth and 16th Cen- 


turies 


LA CORUNA 


16th and 17th Cen- I . 
nspection 
tury oe aE Period 


16th Century 


LEON 


16th Century 


vs tt 
See ae Period 


BURGOS 


E a” Pent 


MADRID 


fi 
ss i re Period 


Unknown 


18th Century 


CALATAYUD MUNOZ 


Inspection Inspection 
Mark ee | MM ark sald 


CAL Rathi 6th Century Aarnas Unknown 


Inspection 
Mark 


Marks on Other Counce! Plate 


SARAGOSSA 
Period 


15th Century 


16th Century 


ef 


Inspection 


Mark 
TOL 


CHAPTER XXIX 
Old Sheffield Plate 


 & 4N 1743, Thomas Boulsover, of Sheffield, discovered a 
“tf I % process of plating silver on copper. This was ninety 
 % « years before electroplating was invented. 

It is important that Boulsover’s method—and his method was 
followed for nearly a century—of making silver plate should be 
understood in order to be able to distinguish real ‘“‘Old Sheffield 
Plate” from the imitation. 

An ingot of silver and an ingot of copper were filed and scraped 
until two smooth surfaces were obtained. The size of the ingots 
would depend upon the size of the plate required, which would 
constitute the raw material for the subsequent processes. The 
two prepared surfaces, after having been made chemically clean 
by washing them in a weak solution of nitric acid, were firmly 
pressed together so that they fitted quite evenly. In order thor- 
oughly to unite the two faces, they were put under a powerful 
hydraulic press. An additional copper plate was then placed on 
the silver side of the ingot, but before doing so, either the silver or 
copper face was painted with a preparation of chalk to keep the 
third piece of metal from fusing to the silver piece—the protection 
of the latter from the fire being the object of the introduction of 
the cover piece of copper, which, of course, would be used over 
and over again. 

If it was intended to produce a piece of plated metal with 
silver upon both sides, the ingot of copper would be placed be- 

389 


390 Old Sheffield Plate 


tween two pieces of silver, in which case the middle piece would 
have to be cleaned upon both faces, while the two pieces of silver 
would only have to be prepared on their opposing faces. In that 


case, two protecting pieces of copper would have to be employed, — 
each separated from the silver plates it was designed to protect — 
by a coating of chalk. This precaution was necessary in order to | 


prevent all five plates, or in the case of “single plate,” all three 


plates, from fusing together. Where two plates of silver and one 


plate of copper in between were employed, the resulting product 
would be “double plate.” Where a single ingot of copper and a 
single ingot of silver were fused together, the product was “ single 
plate.” The metal plates were then bound together with iron wire, 
and the edges where the silver and copper came in contact were 
treated with a fluxing solution, usually borax. The composite 
ingot was now ready for the fusing process and was placed in 
a coke furnace and subjected to great heat until the sheet of silver 
showed its molten condition by commencing to trickle down the 


sides of the ingot. It was then removed from the furnace, cooled 


and cleansed. It was then placed between rollers and rolled out > 


into a sheet of the thickness of the walls of the vessel for the manu- 
facture of which it was to be used. If the finished article was in- 
tended to be a coffee pot, a portion of which would have to be 


thinned by being subjected to a belling-out process, that circum- _ 


stance would have to be considered in determining the thickness 
of the silver and copper plate. | 

This plated sheet of metal would now be used in precisely 
the same way that a sheet of solid silver, or solid copper, would be 
employed in the production of the finished article. It is important 


to note that, when it became necessary to shear off the edges of - 


the metal, a uniform appearance of surface would not be exposed 
along the cut edge. In the case of double plate, a red line of 
copper would show between two white lines of silver. It would be 


SaLap]D) at4aQy ays fo Ksajinory 


ALWId LHSNI YHATIS HHL ONIMOHS AVUL ATHICHAHS GIO NV 


Old Sheffield Plate 391 


necessary to mask this cut edge, and this necessity affords us the 
first and most important test for distinguishing genuine “Old 
Shefheld Plate’’ from a piece of electroplate. At the present time, 
this situation could be met by either placing the entire article in 
a silver-plating solution and by electrical action put in a slight 
covering of silver over the entire piece, including the exposed edge, 
or by the process of “‘sponging” silver on the exposed edge by the 
use of a silver anode covered with a cloth saturated with a silver 
solution and the use of the electric current. In the days of Old 
Sheffield, however, electroplating being unknown, the maker of 
rolled plate had to employ another method. He met the situation 
in the very old days by making his silver ingot a trifle larger 
than the copper one. This would give him a projecting silver flap, 
which could be folded over the copper edge. This method, how- 
ever, would only be practicable where the size of the ingot cor- 
responded with the size of the finished article, for instance, a flat 
dish, and was soon abandoned. Where the plate had to be cut in 
irregular forms, the exposed edges were covered by a piece of 
silver wire, which was soldered in place. In many cases, this silver 
edge, called the “edge of poverty,” is plainly perceptible to the 
eye and can be felt with the fingers. 

Unfortunately, this “edge of poverty,” which we now look for 
as desirable evidence of the genuine character of the article under 
examination, was, before the days of silver plating, regarded as an 
objectionable feature. Remember that ‘Old Sheffield Plate” was 
supposed to take the place of solid silver, and any feature that 
served to distinguish the substitute from the original was deemed 
objectionable. The result was that, in the first quarter of the 
Nineteenth Century, a process was invented which rendered the 
“edge of poverty” almost invisible, so that the test suggested by 
the foregoing is rather difficult of application to pieces of genuine 
plate when produced at that late period. The use of a reading 


392 Old Sheffield Plate 


glass or microscope will, however, enable one to discover the point 
of union between the edge covering and the body of the article. 
When it is attempted to take a sheet made of two separate 
pieces of metal and work it into a very ornate and convoluted 
surface, or a surface with sharp edges, it will be found that the 
outer covering, which in this case would be the silver, would be 
apt to crack and pull away from the metal below because the 
superficies of the outer pieces of metal, where covering the curve, 


or the angle, would be greater than the piece below. The makers — 


of Sheffield Plate, therefore, found it more economical to take 
thin sheets of silver and either hammer or stamp them into the 
shapes desired. In the case of ornamentation, these pieces could 
be soldered immediately upon the sides of the vessel to be deco- 
rated. When decorated handles had to be applied, a piece of Shef- 


field Plate could be used for the lower, plain surface section of 


the handle, while the ornamented upper portion would be made 
of silver. When put together, the hollow between the silver and 


Sheffield Plate would be filled with a composition resembling — 


solder. In the case of an electroplated article, the ornamental 
handles would be cast of a solid piece of brass and then cleo tits 
plated after having been attached to the body. | 

This provides us with a second method of distinguishing “Old 
Sheffield Plate” from a modern plated article. The ornamentation 
upon the electroplated article, when scratched with a file, will 
show a hard base metal underneath, In the case of Old Sheffield, 
the ornamentation, being of silver, will be cut through with 
much more difficulty and a soft metal backing will be disclosed 
instead of hard brass or copper. The handle of genuine Sheffield 
will disclose a line of union running along the middle from one 


terminal of the handle to the other, and the upper or ornamented 


portion will respond to the same tests as the decoration on the 


body of the article. This line of union, of course, will be absent 


Old Sheffield Plate 393 


in the case of a piece of electroplate, and a test with the file will 
show the same inner body on the top and bottom of the handle. 
Everything I have said about the handle will apply to other pro- 
jecting parts of the article, for example, the feet and the finial 
(knob) of a coffee-pot lid. 

Boulsover’s invention was first applied to such articles as 
harness buckles, and it was not until about the commencement 
of the reign of George III (1760) that domestic articles were 
manufactured in any quantity. 7 

It was just at this period that the beauty of English solid silver 
had reached its zenith, and for a number of years Old Sheffield 
tea and coffee sets, candelabra, candlesticks, and trays, showed the 
same beautiful simplicity and grace of outline. The Adam Broth- 
ers influenced the designs in Sheffield as they did in silver, and 
when the “Empire” fashions came into vogue (1800), both solid 
silver and Sheffield Plate followed the ornate fashions set in 
furniture. The worst examples of this period were produced in 
the reign of George IV (1820-1830). As soon as Sheffield plating 
showed that it could be adapted to the production of articles for 
the table and for decoration, Sheffield Plate became fashionable 
and popular. Enormous quantities were produced in the last 
forty years of the Eighteenth Century. This means that a great 
number of people were engaged in the industry. The manufacture 
soon spread beyond Sheffield; in fact, the largest single factory, 
the Soho Works, was located in Birmingham, under the man- 
agement of Matthew Boulton, whose work is now valued as of 
the highest quality. 

As might be expected, there were a number of black sheep 
among the makers of Old Sheffield Plate. The obvious way for 
them to gouge the public was to reduce the thickness of the silver 
ingot. This was done to such an extent that some of the rolled 
plate was no thicker in silver than is now obtained by electrical 


394. Old Sheffield Plate 


deposition. This accounts for the number of articles on the market 
in an almost naked condition, which undoubtedly were at one 
time Sheffield Plate. The idea that these pieces, now denuded 
of their silver, have any value is a mistaken one. If the basic 
work and the design were good, they might be silver plated and 
be made of some value as electroplated silver. 

Even the best pieces of Old Sheffield may show copper where 
they have been subjected to extraordinary wear, or the piece has 
been battered, in which case the silver will peel off as it would 
have done had the manufacturer attempted to turn the plain 
surface into a highly ornate one. The exposure of the copper is 
called “bleeding,” and if very slight, is not detrimental to the 
article. If it is so great as to militate against the appearance of 
the piece, it should be taken to an expert and silver sponged on 
the bare places. The reason I say it should be taken to an expert — 
is that the ordinary silver-plating plants employ a solution of 
pure silver and use a pure silver anode. Old Sheffield, to be 
sponged properly, should be treated with a solution made of 
sterling silver (i.e., a solution containing about 8 per cent. of 
copper to 92 per cent. of silver) and a sterling silver anode. | 

The reason for employing this method is that pure silver would 
make a glaring white patch on the gray surface of the Sheffield. 
The ingot of silver employed in the making of the sheet metal 
contained only about 92 per cent. of silver, and this, with the 
repeated annealing to which it is subjected while being hammered 
into shape, accounts for the soft gray colour of the finished prod- 
uct. This colour is approximated when a sterling silver bath 
and anode are used. The Sheffield process, or rolled-plate process, 


as it was then called, speedily became known in France, andin 


a very short time the industry was established there, entirely 
superseding the method known as “French plating,” which had 


been in use since 1700. 


SA149]JIDE) FLAC) PYF fo &5aj4nory 


COlddd 


(dIyOT) YWALVI AHL AO ALVId 


WS 


Se 


CH T1IOd ATHIAHAaHS 


dO 


Old Sheffield Plate 395 


In England, many of the rolled-plate makers had been cutlers; 
in France, the manufacture of rolled plate was taken up, not by 
the ordinary manufacturer, but by silversmiths, and their prod- 
ucts were taken cognizance of by the authorities of the Gold- 
smiths’ Guild (St. Eloi), who threw about the product the same 
protection that they did about solid silver. The rules of the guild 
provided that each piece must be stamped with the mark denoting 
its quality; for instance, if the basic sheet were composed of nine 
kilos of copper and one kilo of silver, it would be marked dixiéme, 
but this term was abbreviated and represented by roe, 1ome, or 
1om. Lower grades, or inferior grades, were marked 20me, 30me, 
and 40 me. It is very doubtful if any manufacturer took advan- 
tage of the provisions that enabled him to make the two lower 
grades of rolled plate. Personally, the author has never seen 
anything but dixiéme and vigntieme. The consequence of this 
genesis of French rolled plate was that the product was much 
more uniformly beautiful in design than that produced in England 
by manufacturers without the esthetic training of the French 
silversmiths, and was of more uniform good quality. It 1s very 
rare, indeed, to see a piece even of vingtiéme showing the copper, 
unless it be a piece that has been badly dented. Unfortunately, 
French Sheffield is very rare. The pieces that have most often 
come under my observation were made by the firm of Balain, 
whose mark is a grasshopper or locust impaled upon a pin. 

There are widespread misapprehensions concerning Old Shef- 
field. These are due in a large measure to perusal of a number of 
books that have been written by amateurs without any proper 
or adequate basis of knowledge. They are also held by people 
who think that knowledge upon a subject of this sort may be a 
matter of intuition, and it is indeed difficult to eradicate views 
that, no matter how erroneous, are regarded as a birthright. 


A flagrant error in belief is that-Old Sheffield Plate is “hall- 


396 Old Sheffield Plate 


marked.” Of course, a “hallmark” can only be affixed to solid 
silver. A more excusable error is that all Sheffield markers put 
their mark upon their products. As a matter of fact, a very large 
proportion of the very finest pieces of Old Sheffield Plate are 
absolutely devoid of marks. On the other hand, “fakes” are 
abundantly marked, frequently with copies of two or more old 
marks. One woman collector told the author that in her collec- 
tion of Old Sheffield she had a number of pieces manufactured by 
FE. P. N. S. This is as if one had said her favourite author was 
“Mr. Anonymous.” E. P. N. S. means electroplate on nickel 
silver. It was and is employed by a great number of manufactur- 
ers in order to give the public an honest and an accurate descrip- 
tion of their wares. | 

Another misconception concerns the presence or absence of the 
silver inset plate or shield so often found on the sides of wine 
coolers, dish covers, in the centre of trays, and on the margins of 
platters. The popular belief is that these pure silver shields (the 
fact that these are pure silver makes them conspicuous against 
the darker background of Sheffield Plate) denote an extra fine 
quality of Old Sheffield; in fact, some collectors refuse to pur- 
chase pieces that are not so distinguished. A brief consideration 
of the reason for this innovation (the first inset shield was about 
1810) will lead one to a different conclusion. The earlier Sheffield 
Plate was purposely made with a silver skin so thick that a careful 
engraver could put on a crest, coat of arms, monogram, or in- 
scription without cutting through to the copper. It occurred to 
some genius that the old process was an extravagant one, as the 
piece would be engraved only in one or two places, and in order 
to provide for that, the silver plate was devised. The only reason 
for its employment is that the article, except where the plate 
appears, is too thinly covered with silver to stand engraving. 
Fortunately, the situation is saved in some measure by the fact 


Old Sheffield Plate 397 


that manufacturers of very fine Sheffield found that some of their 
customers considered the inset plate decorative and followed the 
fashion without any noticeable depreciation in the quality of 
their output. As a rule, however, the silver inset plate must be 
regarded as evidence of inferior quality of plating but not of 
workmanship. People without the knowledge requisite to identify 
Old Sheffield Plate find the inset plate a convenient signpost. 
Those who restrict their collections to articles thus made will 
voluntarily shut themselves out of the best market. 

Very early in the history of the manufacture of rolled plate, 
a number of manufacturers applied the process, with suitable 
changes, to the coating of articles of steel, such as knives and 
forks. In some cases, large spoons and skewers made of pot metal 
or britannia ware were “‘close-plated.” 

Britannia metal was an alloy, used, notably, by the great 
Sheffield firm of Thomas Dixon & Sons. Dixon & Sons came late 
on the scene. They were established in 1810 and thirty years later 
were among the first to adopt the new process of electroplating. 
They used as a base an alloy which they stamped “Britannia.” 
Unfortunately, this was not a stable or static compound. For 
some reason, probably galvanic action set up by the proximity 
of different metallic elements, or perhaps merely oxidation, this 
metal has with the effuxion of time become porous and rotten. 
When the mutable character of the alloy became apparent, it was 
abandoned, and bell-metal, called “nickel silver,” was,employed 
—an alloy of nickel, copper, and tin and a very small proportion 
of zinc or antimony; the formula is variable but always adapted 
to produce a hard yellow metal. This makes such an admirable 
base that in England it has almost entirely superseded copper, and 
it is this metal, when plated, that is properly stamped E. P. N.S. 

Old Sheffield is nearly always upon copper. Brass, however, 
has sometimes been employed. Many of the pieces of so-called 


398 Old Sheffield Plate 


““Shefhield”’ on the market consist of a cast base electroplated. ; 


The old Sheffield pieces, of course, were hammered out by hand, 
except as to the mounts and handles, which were stamped and 
backed as I have described. Where a casting is employed, the 
use of a microscope will disclose a rather perous-looking sur- 
face—a feature, of course, that is entirely absent from a piece of 
metal that has been subjected to much hammenaes in the course 
of manufacture. 

The reader who wishes to learn every detail of the manufacture 
of Old English Sheffield should peruse Mr. Frederick Bradbury’s 
masterly work, History of Old Sheffield Plate. It is the only authori- 
tative book upon that subject. Mr. Bradbury’s ancestors were 


prominent makers of rolled plate in the Eighteenth Century, and 
the firm has had a continued existence from then until the present — 


day, when it still occupies the foremost position among Sheffield 
silversmiths. 


- | have said that many of the handsomest and most valle , 


pieces of Old Sheffield are unmarked. That is not the result of 
chance alone. Prior to 1773, some eighteen makers of rolled plate 


in Sheffield and Birmingham—by no means all of the manufac- 


turers in those cities—used marks. In that year, the law establish- 
ing an assay office in Sheffield struck at certain manufacturers of 
plated ware whose marks resembled hall marks, by prohibiting 
the striking of a letter or letters on articles made of metal, plated 
or covered with silver. Ten years later, in 1784, a law was passed 
which enabled the platers who were engaged in trade in Sheffield, 
or within a hundred miles thereof, to impress their goods with 


their names “together with any mark, figure, or device at the end 
of the name, such figure not being an assay office device for ster- 


ling silver or in imitation thereof.” Such mark or marks must be 
approved and registered by the assay authorities. 3 


During the intervening decade, no marks had been affixed to 


spuejs pure sdue| UIIM SJOLUIBM G| 


GOIWHd FHYIdNA AHL HO QWINHHHS HONHYH AO SH Id NV Xd 


Sadayjoy) 24Q— 9y2 fo Ksa4noy 


Re ahi’; 


Old Sheffield Plate 399 


Old Sheffield Plate, and that happens to have been the most 
prolific decade in the history of the industry. It was also the best 
period from an artistic standpoint. 

It should be noted that, under the law of 1784, it was not obliga- 
tory for the maker to mark his wares, and he must not do so 
without registration. There was a penalty of £100 for any viola- 
tion of the statute. 

Sixteen makers registered their marks in 1784, and many did 
not; so that we cannot say with certainty that any unmarked 
piece was made before 1784. However, that fact, coupled with the 
design of the piece—fashions were closely followed by silversmiths 
and Sheffield Plate makers—does enable one very often to fix 
the period of manufacture with reasonable certainty. 

In 1785, seven Sheffield makers registered. One or two each 
year added their marks and names to the official list until 1807, 
when, for some reason, eighteen Birmingham manufacturers of 
rolled plate recorded their marks at the Sheffield assay office. 
Between 1808 and 1836 (both years inclusive), fifty-five Birming- 
ham and nineteen Sheffield firms or individuals recorded their 
marks. No marks have been entered since. 

It should be carefully noted that some of the marks put on old 
Sheffield have been used upon electroplate after the rolled-plate 
maker had changed his product as the result of the invention of 
electroplating. The crossed arrows (T. & J. Creswick) is an 
example. It is now used by Hutton & Company, successors to the 
old firm, on electroplate. 3 

Frequently, on a piece of Old Sheffield, one will find marks 
other than a maker’s mark. It may be of one or more letters, 
figures, or a symbol, such as a sun or two concentric circles. These 
are workmen’s marks. Sometimes workmen would leave one fac- 
tory and go to another, so that we find the identical workmen’s 
mark upon pieces of different makers. 


CHAPTER XXX 
Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


APPROXIMATE DATES OF THE MANUFACTURERS’ EARLIEST CONNECTION WITH 
THE FUSED PLATE INDUSTRY PREVIOUS TO 1773 


Name of Firm. 


Bonlsover Thomas... 


Hancock Joseph 


Smith Nathaniel 


Law Thomas 


Tudor & Leader 


Fenton Matthew&Co 


Unidentified 
Unidentified 
Unidentified 

Hoyland John & Co. 
Boulton & Fothergill 


Roberts Jacob’ & 
Samuel 


Winter John & Co. 
Morton Richard 


Rowbotham J. & Co. 
Ashforth, Ellis & Co 


Ryland William 


Littlewood J. 


Maket’s Marks. 


No Mark Traced. 


TOS" HANCOCK 
SHEFFIELD. 


TH 


(@ TH? LAW & 
Bi LAW Bre 


KH T&EO° 


SEE 
VV 


ES >) 
TOTO Ti 


G2 G2 Be GR 


8 Ww oG 
@ ki © 


i Gp OG 


£0 £3 £8 
GONGoe 


na @ 


No Mark Traced. 


> piatey 


t 


Date. 


1743 


T/55 


1756 


1758 


1705 


1765 


1768 


1770 


1770 


1772 


Location. 


Sheffield, 


Sheffield, Union Street--| Cutler, and maker of 


High Street 


Sheffield, Waingate 


Sheffield, Baker's Hill 


Sheffield, Sycamore 
Works 


Sheffield, Mulberry St... 


Sheffield 


Sheffield 


Sheffield 


Sheffield, Union Street... 


Birmingham 


Sheffield, Pond Hill 


Sheffield ... 


Sheffield, Brinsworth 
- Orchard 


Sheffield, Norfolk Street 


Sheffield, Holy Croft 


Birmingham 


* Marks used on plated and silver cutlery. 
¢ It is only presumed that these marks were used by this firm, 


400 


Norfolk Siveet 


.| Cutler. 


...| Silver Cutler & makers 


.| Plate manufacturers 


.| Silver and Plated Cutlery 


.| Silver and Plate manu- 


.| Cutlers and Plate manu- 
.| Plater. 


Sheffield, Westbar Green 


Trade Description. 


Cutler, Button and Box 
maker. 


Plated Hollow-ware. 


of Plated Hollow-ware 
and Candlesticks 


Silver and Plate manu- 
facturers, 


Do. 


Do. 


Do, 


Silver and Plate manu- 
facturers. 


Do. 


manufacturers 


facturers. 


Do. 


Do. 


facturers. 


Plater and Silversmith. 


Sheffield Platers and Their Marks AOI 


EXTRACTS FROM LISTS OF ee FROM “SKETCHLEY’S SHEFFIELD 


DIRECTORY,” 


NO MARKS LEGALISED ON PLATED ARTICLES, “ACCORDING TO THE ACT 1773 


0 ee CREE 


Name of Firm. 


Bunbury Thomas .. 


Elliott Thomas 
Ellis Thomas 


Fenton, Creswick & 
Co. 


Greaves Johanadab 


Hoyland John & Co. 
Kirk Joseph... 


Margreave, Marsden 
& Brocklesby 


Marsden William ... 


Morton Thomas 


Morton Richard & 
Co. 


Rowbotham John & 
Co. 


Tonks William 


Tudor & Leader 


Wilson Joseph 


Winter, Parsons & 
Hall 


Boulton Matthew ... 


Ryland Wm, 


Name of Firm. 


Boulton Matthew ... 


Ryland William . .. 


No Maker’s Marks Used. 


Sheffield, Norfolk Lane 


No Maker's Marks Used, 


Birmingham — 


Location. 


Do. John Lane 
Do. Norfolk Street 


Do. Mulberry Street 


Do. Church Lane 


Do. Union Street 

Do. at the Wheat Sheaf, 
Waingate 

Do. above the Town 


Head Crofts 
Do. White Croft... 
Do. New Church Street 


Do. Fargate 


Do. Norfolk Street 


Do. West Bar Green 


Do. Sycamore Hill 


Do. Highfield 


Do. High Street... 


Birmingham, Soho Works 


Birmingham 


Location. 


ae 


Birmingham, Soho Works __ ... 


Trade Description. 


...| Silversmith. 


.| Silversmith. 
.| Silver Plater. 


| Silver & Plated manufacturers. 


.| Plated Snuff Box maker. 


| Platers, Refiners, Button and 


Box makers. 


Silversmith. 


Silver and Bristol Stone Sleeve 
Button makers. 


...| Plater. 


Plater. 


| Platers & Silver Manufacturers. 


.| Silversmiths and Platers, 


| Plated Buckle and Spur maker. | 


| Silver & Plated manufacturers 


of Pitchers; Coffee Pots, 
Candlesticks, Tureens, 
Waiters, &c. 


| Silversmith, Plater, Saw maker, 


Tobacco and Snuff manufac- 
turer. 


: Silversmiths and Platers. 


— 


| Silversmith and Plater. 


.| Plater. 


(FROM BIRMINGHAM DIRECTORY FOR THE YEAR 1777.) 


Trade Description. 


Silver and Plate manufacturer. 


ves) Plater. 


AND eben a SOURCES, 1781 


Name of Firm. No Maker's Marks Used. ; Location. 


Allen Thomas Bar are ey vee eee Sheffield, Bailey Street 


Ashforth, Ellis & Co.| ... mre Fea ne 


Burdett John a Mee Caine ae Eee gt te Do Pea Croft 


Henfrey John wel elas ok oa 3 


Henfrey Samuel ...| ... Ate i in Do, Spring Street 


Holy Daniel & Co. ws}. «.. mie ne as Do, Norfolk Street 


Kippax & Nowill ...| ... he 5 ik ... | Sheffield, (Nowill & Siptanes 
High Street in 1787) i 


Law Thomas @ Cdiccl 0 oi ee | Shetiiel, Norfolk Street 


Pittlowodd Foun) sid 2-406 Yap yaup eae Do. | Westbar Green: 


Madin & Trickett ...} ... ac tee ne Do. Farfield, near | 
Mappih Jonathan ...J) ... a. ae vee Do. Fargate 
Roberts, Eyre: Cob - a0" aaa et eee Do, —_ Union Street... 


Rowbotham John ...| ac. us sao) Des = Morfoll Steases 


Sykes John & Dennis} ... wis a wee fale 2D, 
Peo <i Sanaa Se so es oS ek ee Do. Sycamore Hitt 
Winter, Parsons & ney a Dae oleae Do. Market Place tie 
Hall ‘ica 
Withers Benjamin hae, dan aaa eae Do.  Pinstone Cross Lan 
& Co. ar ae 
'Youtge, Greaves .@ 0" 5). 3 a ke ee Do. Union Street... | 
Hoyland Pee | u 


bpomes CYCSWIEK Qari cee ae oi ; Do. Se Street ¢ 
oO. aes ae 


Boulton & Fothergill| ... ane is Pe bowie Soho Works and 
toa Green Lettice Lane, Cannon 
Street. hanson: ae 


Ryland William ics hi ee be aa Birmingham : 


a oe ea a eet ee or, ene TO Eee ee ae a ca Og gf wet RN ey ae See cary ie en 9 eri eal sg vee nen ee an 


Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


403 


LIST OF MAKERS AND MARKS USED BY MANUFACTURERS OF FUSED PLATED AND CLOSE 
PLATED ARTICLES AFTER THE PASSING OF THE ACT OF 1784. 


The words “close plater,”’ given in this list, signify that the makers so described made articles plated on 


iron or steel. Marks struck on close plated articles can usually be identified by the splitting up or duplicating 


in various ways of the makers’ names, initials, and devices, forming separate shields as BOG and 
> ) > Pp 


WISEOE Different forms of the letters s and p. s. were used to denote steel, or plated steel. The dates re- 


corded are the earliest that can be traced of firms using their marks. The trade descriptions are taken from old 
© 


manuscripts, ledgers and directories. Where a § is fixed against a device it signifies that this mark was not 


registered at the Sheffield Assay Office. The abbreviation “s. Mm.” (in trade description) signifies Britannia 


Metal. 


Name of Firm. 
Ashforth G. & Co. 
Fox T. & Co. 
Green W. & Co. ... 
Holy D., Wilkinson & Co. 
Law T. & Co.... 
Parsons J. & Co. ... 
smith N. & Co: ... 
Staniforth, Parkin & Co. 


Sykes & Co. 


Tudor, Leader & Nichol- 


son 


Boulton M. & Co. 


Dixon T. & Co. . 


Holland H. & Co. 


Moore J. ... es oe 


Smith & Co. 


Maker's Marks. Date. Location. Trade Description. 
NaN o 1784 | Sheffield, Angel Street Platers and Silversmiths 
1784 Do. Do. do. 
1784 Do. Eyre Street Do. do. 
1784 Do. Mulberry Street | Do. do. 
PTD LAW oc 1784 Do. Norfolk Street ... Do, do. 
1784 Do. Market Place Do. do. 
IN oniTH ace 1784 Do. Waingate Do. do. 
1784 Do. .. Platers and Cutlers 
noe 1784 Do. Pinstone Lane ...| Platers and Silver Cutlers 
1784 Do. Sycamore Hill ...| Platers and Silversmiths 
ts he 
1784 | Birmingham, Soho Works Do. do. 
BOULTON 2% 
DIXON &C°3E 1784 | Birmingham Platers 
HOLLAND &C° a 1784 Do. ae .| Platers and Silversmiths 
R) R § 1784 Do. Plater and Silversmith 
MOORE () 
A ; 
SMITH&C° a 1784- Do. rs Haters: 


§ Unregistered marks. 


404 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


Name of Firm. Maker’s Marks. Date. Location. . Trade Description. 
Beldon, Hoyland & Co... 1785 | Sheffield ... ... «| Platers and Silversmiths 
Brittain, Wilkinson & BRITTAIN WILKIN'S 1785 Do. eee tee as Do. do. 

Brownill IN & BROWNILL 

; : ain 

| Deakin, Smith & Co, oo FR oecpee 1785 Do. Hawley Croft ...| Do. do. 
Love J. & Co. ... pa Re Chit 1785 Do. Pea Croft whe Do. do. 
(Love, Silverside, 
Darby & Co.) 
Morton R. & Co, = 1785 Do. Brinsworth ... Do. do. 
: Orchard 
Roberts, Cadman & Co, 8 1785 Do. Eyre Street — ...| Do. do. 
Roberts J. & S. ... Sh 1786 Do. Union Street Do. do. 
SutclifleR.& Co. —«. @) 1786 Do. King Street Do. do. 
8) 

Bingley W. fW.BINGLEY,~* } 1787 | Birmingham ...  ..| Plater 
Madin F. & Co. ... 1788 | Sheffield, Far Field ...| Platers and Silversmiths 
Jervis W. rf 1789 | Do, | White Croft ...| Plater and Silversmith 
Colmore S, ees eis § 1790 | Birmingham ot «| Plater 
Goodwin E. 1794 | Sheffield, The Park ...| Plater and Silversmith 
Watson, Fenton & Brad- 

bury 
Froggatt, Coldwell & FROGGATT 1797 Do. Eyre Street, ...| Platers, Silversmiths; & 

Lean COL BWECL BLES B.M. manufacturers — 


Green J. & Co. ... 


*) 1799 Do. MarketPlace ...| Platers and Silversmiths — 


Platers, Silversmiths and 
Factors 


Close Plater 


Goodman, Gainsford & 
Fairbairn 


Ellerby W. ade ses 


oars 1800 Do.. 18, Hawley Croft 
(50 Gd GES ES} §| 1803 | London .. 


Garnett W. are Plater 


TWAT SON&C | PERER 1795 Do. » Mulberry Street | Platers and Silversmiths 
1803 | Sheffield, Bridge Houses... 


Holy D., Parker & Co. ... 1804 Do. Mulberry Street | Platers and Silversmiths — 


DAN HOLY *« 
PARKER & CS 


* Green, Roberts, Moseley & Co. This firm commenced from this date to use the mark formerly struck 
by their predecessors J. Parsons & Co, 
§ Unregistered marks. 


eee 


Drabble I. & Co. 


gi 


. eee 


till D. & Co. ... 


jek Son ... 


see 


eee 


nee 


eee 


\ 


RYLAND zs 


Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


Maker’s Marks. 


R.LAW. 3 


1:-LIN I-LLN 
| GED GE 
LIN tLIN 
WwooD ‘WwOOD 


Suen 
En 


++ 


Nye 
Bema §/ 


THOMASON O& 


TONKS OU 


‘ious to this date this mark was used by D. Holy, Wilkinson & Co. 


. + Tudor & Co. having retired from business in 1804, this would appear to be a re-registration of their mark 
& Son at the Sheffield Assay Office in 1807, 


. 


§ 


405 


Date Location. Trade Description, 

1804 Sheffield, The Moor -..| Platers 

1805 Do, Eyre Street Platers and Silversmiths 

1806 Do. do. _...| Plater, &c. 

1806 Birmingham ay ...| Close Platers 

1807 Sheffield ... ae ...| Platers 

1807. | Birmingham Close Plater 

1807 Do. one Do. 

1807 Do. : Do. 

1807 Do. me Do. 

1807 Do. S Do. 

1807 Do. me Do. 

1807 Do. A é Do. 

1807 Do. we aa Do. 

1807 Do. aoe Platers, Close Platers 

and Silversmiths 

1807 Do. eg ...| Close Plater 

1807 Do. a 3 Do. 

1807 Do. wee ..-| Close Platers, &c. 
Plater 


1807 | Do. Bromsgrove Rd. 


Ast 2% ac : es 
4 . . r, ee ad ie <p 
406 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


Name of Firm. Maker's Marks. Date. Location. 
Waterhouse & Co... WATERHOUSE 8C}- >| 1807 | Birmingham... 
88098 | 7 
Wilmore Joseph ve ‘ en 3  §| 1807 Do. ae 
; eee 
Gainsford R. .. ivi 1808 | Sheffield ... — i “ e 
Hatheli Mi vay eacr oe. A000 1808 Do. Pepper Alley ...| Close P 
: BANI pean 2 nc a 
Banister W.__... eos 1808 | Birmingham von. +. Sepa Mean 
a S35) | Sy 
Gibbs G. mes ea Ta GS 1808 Do. va 
: 7 
Hipkiss J. ag mY HIPKISS 1808 Do. Sa 
Horton’ D. Sean 1808 | Do. Bes 
Lea A. on eee een EACLEA "YC" 1808 Do. . ; ete 
Linwood M. & Sons «.. yin y 1808 Do. 
: Nicholds J. ek ee Py 1808 Do. 13, Foredrough | Maker | 
fRIEEES eee ie 
Beldon G. eee eeu 1809 Sheffield eG 4 2s ze 
Wright J. & Fairbaim G. Falneain , Hog: | Do. | 7 
Cheston T. eee eee bdo” 1809 | Birmingham — ree 
Harrison J. —.. cae Sones 1809 Do. as 
Hipwood W. eee eee eopey? 1809 Do. Ni eee 
: Horton J. erates 1809 | Do, § oe 
: SUi Re us ce sae en B0ACO 1809 | Do. 
Howard S. & T.... BAe Oe § 1809 | London ... asad me 
fa ( ara\ 8 : by th Fee 
2 ; ; Py i ae 
| Smith, Tate, Nicholson a 1810 | Sheffield, Arundel Street. 
& Hoult iss 
i DunnG.B. ... oe 1810 | Birmingham... $ ee 
: § Unregistered marks, 


Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


Name of Firm. | Maker's Marks. 


Hanson M. awe ei ped | 
Pimley S. BS BS 


| eS 


Creswick T. & J. 


Watson, Pass & Co. (late 
J. Watson) 

Lees G. ... oe aS Bao 

Pearson R. ees 


White J. (White & All- 


good) 

Kirkby S.. EAE ie Fees KIRKBY = 

Allgood J. : fly 

Allport E. HR) 
( CABpS 

Gilbert J. : 

86 
Hinks J. THINKS] 


Johnson J. sea ale 


Small T. ... SMALL * 
Smith W. 


Younge S. & C. & Co. ... 


Thomas S., ae p 
Tyndall J. TXN |@ 
Best H. .. Boesoll 
Cracknall J oe das CRACK 


Jordan T. 


zi 
(aa G mm §* 


+ 


1810 


1810 


1811 


1811 


1811 


1811 


1811 


I811 


1812 


1812 


1812 


1812 


1812 


1812 


1812 


1812 


1813 


1813 


1813 


1814 


1814 


1814 


Location. 


407 


Trade Description. 


Birmingham 
Do. 
Sheffield, Porter Street 


Duke St., Park 


Do. 

Do. Hartshead 
Birmingham 

Do. Princes Street ... 

Do. 


Sheffield, Carver Lane 


Birmingham, Essex Street 


Do. Cannon Street ... 
Do. Legge Street 
Do. 

Do. New Inkleys 

Do. 

Do. 


Sheffield, Union Street ... 


.| Close Plater 


.| Close Plater 


Platers and Silversmiths 


Close Plater 


Platers and Silversmiths 


., Fancy Plater 


Plater in general 


Platers and Military 
Ornament makers 


Plater and Silversmith 


...| Jeweller 


Close Plater 


Do. 


Do. 


Plater and maker of 
Plated articles 


..| Sword Hilt maker and 


Steel worker 


Plater in general and 
Japanner 


and Button 
maker 


Platers and Silversmiths 


Birmingham, 45, Thorp-st. «Close Plater 


Do. Moseley St. 
Do. Great Charles-st. 
Do. 
Do. 


Do. 
Do. 


Plate maker, Table and 
Tea Spoons, Sugar 
Tongs, Caddie Shells, 
&c. 


Close Plater 


* Found on close plated goods, the initials are also found on silver goods 
§ Unregistered marks. 


+ Found on close plated goods, 


408 Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


Name of Firm. Maker’s Marks. . Date. 


Lilly John bes oor 


Woodward W. ... : 1814 
H 


LILLY Gy 18i5 
Best & Wastidge + BEST OY 1816 
Ashley... BA sacs Ley a 1816 
Davis J. 1816 
Evans S. [S-EVANS ——@4 1816 
Freeth H. 816 

lm © <on*s 

Harwood T. Ba D 1) 1816 

13 
Lilly Joseph IJOSMLILLY S| 1816 
Turley S. 's-TURLEY:(f) 1816 
Cope C. G. . 1817 


Pemberton & Mitchell ... soggy 1817 


Shephard J. SHEP. @ 1817 


PHARD 


Markland W. ... et 


Corn J. & J. Sheppard... 


1819 
ROGERS 2 1819 


es 


Rogers J. sia = 


Hall W. ... ty « oe 


eee § ”” 
Moore F. 1820 
TUR QY 
Turton J. os 1820 


Qa g 


* These marks were probably used at a later date, 


W- MARKLAND*@e 1818 — 


Location, 


Birmingham, Bishopgate 


Street 


Birmingham, St. Paul’s 


Square 


Sheffield 


Trade Description. 
Close Plater 


Close Plater and Military 
Ornament maker 


.| Platers 


' Birmingham aa 


Upper Priory ... 


Edmond Street 


Exeter Row 


New Street 


aoe eee 


William Street ... 


Do. 


.| Japanner 

.| Maker of Plated articles 
_ Plater 

es Close Plater 


..| Plater and maker of 


Curbs, Spoons, &c, 


.| Plater and maker of 


plated articles 
Do. do, 


.| Jewellers,, Silversmiths, 
Clock 


Watch and 
makers 


.| Maker of Plated Coach 


Harness, Furniture, 
Bits, Stirrups, Knives 
and Snuffers 


.| Maker of Plated S Ss, 


Torgs, Caddie Shells, 
Tea Canisters, Soup, 
Toddy. and Punch 
Ladles,Teapots, Sugar 
Basins, Cake, Fruit 
and Bread Baskets, 
Plated Saddle Nails, 


&e. 
.| Close Platers 


.| Harness Plater 


Close Plater 


Fancy Plater 


8, Church Street — Plater and maker 
re) 


fused Plated Tea 


Spoons and Tongs 


§ Unregistered marks, 


ist eel oY . 


eee ee 


vee ae 


int 


Pas es ee See ee ee 


a ee gees oe ee 


Se a? | 


Name of Firm. 


Blagden, Hodgson & Co. 


Holy D. & G. 
Needham C, 
Sansom T. & Sons 
Child T. ... 

South 1. 4... 


Worton S. 


Rodgers J. & Sons 


Bradshaw ]. 
Briggs W. 
Harrison G. 
Smallwood J. 
Causer J. F. 
Jones... 


Tonks & Co. 
Roberts, Smith & Co. .. 


Smith J. & Son .. 
Askew ’ 

Hall Henry 
aS i 


Watson J. & Son 


Sheffield Platers and Their Marks 


Maker’s Marks. 


uO 
HOLY Sxc’ 
SHEFFIELD )~ 


C NEEDHAM 
SH TELD 


eon 
cme 


ota 


Ps WORTON S 
Boyes 
90060 


ROD + 
GERS.. 


Moegwe 


cupene 
{| Ges 


&2. 
CAUSER %& 


| © 


NOTTINGHAM 
7 G3 023 ES 


a © &) 


§ Unregistered marks, 


cat 


§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 


On 


§ 
§ 
§ 
§ 


§ 


Date. 


1821 


1821 


1821 


1821 


1821 


1821 


1821 


1822 


1822 


1823 


1823 


1823 


1824 


1824 


1824 


1828 


* Mark used on plated handled cutlery on steel blade is stamped 


Location. 


Sheffield, Nursery Street... 


Do. Mulberry Street 


Do. 
Birmingham 
Da. 
Do. Near the. Five 


Ways 


Sheffield, Norfolk Street... 


Birmingham, 3, Goff St.... 
Sheffield, Carver Street .. 
Birmingham 
Do. 
Do. 


4, Nicholson St. 


Do. Show room, New 


Street 


Birmingham 
Sheffield, 5, Eyre Street ... 


Do. Arundel Street... 
Nottingham 

Birmingham, 51, Shad- 
well Street 


Birmingham 


Sheffield 


Sheffield,’ Willey Street ... 


...| Plater and Pawnbroker 


.| Close Plater and Har- 


.| Close Platers 


.| Maker of Plated Tan- 


409 


Trade .Description. 


Platers and Silversmiths 


Do. ‘do 


Maker of. Plated Tan- 
kards and Measures 


Maker of Plated goods 


ness Buckle maker 


Close Plater 


Cutlers, Silver Cutlers 
and Factors 


Close Plater 
Silversmith and Plater 
Close Plater 

Do. 
Merchant and Factor 


Gold and Silversmith, 
Medallist, &c. 


Platers and Silversmiths 


Cutlers and Silversmiths 


kards and Measures 


Close Plater 


Do. 


Platers and Silversmiths 


“D. & G. HOLY, 
SHEFFIELD." 


410 ~—«She field Platers 


Name of Firm. Maker's Marks. =| _~—Datd. 


Bishop Thomas... Br) ty ER} «§|_s«1830 


Location. 


Birmingham, 24, St. 
ac > i aera 


Hutton W. o55 Cals Sheffield’ ... 


*) 1831 


Atkin Henry ... §| 1833 Do. 32, Howard St....|. 


Waterhouse I. & I. & Co. 1833 


Sheffield... 


WWATSON 


Wi tea We tins MAKER §] 1833 Do. 15, Arundel Stree 
SHEFFIELD (until 1812 part- | 
ner in firm of 
| DI! 8 § Watson & Brad- 
bury) | 
meDsS § 
ixin') $| 


Do. Cornish Place ...| M 


_ Dixon J. & Sons ve 1835 
Smith J. Ac §} 1836 | Do. 48, South Street 
Waterhouse, Hatfield & 1836 Do. Portobello Place | 
Co, Rook ey a) 
Wilkinson H. & Co. ... i 1836 Do. Norfolk Str : Ps NG 


Hutton W. a mes 2) 2) t 1837 Do. 
Hutton W. ae ae tH &| | 1839 Do. 
Boece § 
Prime J; mes a o@ & g SS 1839 .| Birmingham ts 
Bea § - 
Bae 3s . 
Walker, Knowles & Co. S| § 1840 | Sheffield, 47, Burgess St 
Waterhouse George & Co. SCE S § 1842 
Smith, Sissons & Co, ... @ 1848 Do, 
Padiey, Parkin & Co. ... G 1849 Do. 


¢ This mark was originally registered by Scot in 1807; for previous marks aed b 
1 The same firm as above, and in 1831 but with the ney mark reversed, 


te amet 


§ Unregistered marks. 


Sheffield Platers and Their Marks AII 


Name of Firm, Maker’s Marks. Date. | Location, Trade Description. 

Hutton W. eae Ses Da sg *) 1849 Sheffield ... ae ...| Close Plater 

Mappin Bros, ... @magg | 1850-| Do, Baker's Hill ...| Silver and Plated Cut- 
lery Manufacturers 

Oldham T, fees nes Genes) § 1860 | Nottingham ee ...| Maker of Plated Tan- 
kards and Measures 

Roberts & Briggs eee R pat 1860 | Sheffield, 38, Furnival Silver and Plated Ware 

g 5 G Es +§ Street Manufacturers 


* See note (||) on previous page. 

¢ Possibly this mark was purchased from M. Boulton & Co., of Birmingham, at their dissolution in 1848. 
t Since 1863 Roberts & Belk. 

§ Unregistered marks. 


MISCELLANEOUS MARKS WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN TRACED. 


Approximate date of 


Maker’s Marks. Description of article from which marks are taken. pena tiet ace! 
1 24 2s | Fused Plated 1-pint Tankard a5 Ere iv a 1780-1790 
&> BEST PLATE Do, Sugar Tongs ... “er a ree a 1790 
Do. Sauce Boat ... met a oe FS 1790 
1 Gee @) os Do. Pierced Fish Slice, with Plated Handle... a 1790-1800 
Do. Do. Wine Coolers, with Lion Mask Handles sac 1790-1800 
Rinie rowces s Do. Tankard ee a ee ate ds 1800-1810 


Do. Folding Ear Trumpet, with Silver Filled Floral 1815-1825 


Qa Mounts (see page 390.) 


Poo Do. Salt Cellar, with Wire Supports for Glass Bit 1815 1825 

omer Fused Plated 5-light Candelabra, 29 1n. high. was Bue 1815-1825 
Beeiin Fused Plated small Telescope (see page 390) st ae, 1840 
Sena, Fused Plated pointed end Snuffer Tray (see page 328.) ay 1840 
FRWAW fl Ge de] Close Plated Dessert Knife... xa bet wee a 1840 
ce) ENT Close Plated Article oe bl ue Ba ah 1840 
OY i] 2) Snuffers, made of Argentine Metal, with Filled Silver Mounts... 1850 
® Close Plated Dessert Knife a ied oc o 1850 
Do. Marrow Scoop | iat as ae ate 1850 


PROOG ‘Ivory Handled Dessert Knife, Close Plated Blade ae ie 1850 


: * T. Middleton, Rd. Jewesson, G. Ashford and G. Frost are registered, as a firm of silver plate workers, at the 
Sheffield Assay Office, 2/4/1798. 


fed 


ee ay 7 = = Soa U i lS ee ae —. a aa a da Se ea nelle rane ne Ne ea ee 
: b ‘tars ; * : : : - pene 


= , 4 ‘ 


General Index 


Makers’ marks and date letters are not indexed in the following pages. A comprehensive index 
to the marks of English, Scotch, Irish, and British colonial silversmiths will be found at p. 211. See 
also the alphabetical list of American silversmiths and their marks, pp. 239-292. 


Aalborg, mark used at, 366. 

Abercrombie, Robert, English silversmith, 9. 

Aberdeen, marks used at, 182, 183. 

Adam brothers, their influence upon designing 
of English silver, 8. 

Aix, marks used at, 308. 

Aix-la-Chapelle, marks used at, 315. 

Alencon and Caen, marks used at, 308. 

Altenburg, marks used at, 315. 

Altona, marks used ‘at, 316. 

American silver, early, 235-292. 

American silversmiths, names and marks of, 
239-292. 

Amiens and Soissons, marks used at, 308. 

Amsterdam, marks used at, 368. 

Anne, Queen, period of silversmithing, 8. 

Ansbach, marks used at, 316. 

Antwerp, marks used at, 362, 363. 

Apostle spoons made in England, °. 

Aquila, marks used at, 370. 

Arboga or Orebro, marks used at, 378. 

Arbroath, marks used at, 183. 

Archambo, Peter, English silversmith, 9. 

Arras, marks used at, 308. 

Assaying silver, made compulsory in England, 
10; France, 294; Baltimore, 267. 

Assay Master’s mark substituted for Deacon’s 
mark in Edinburgh, 169. 

Astrakhan, mark used at, 375. 

Augsburg, marks used at, 316, 317. 

Aurich, marks used at, 318. 

Austria, marks on silver of, 355-359. 

Ayr, marks used at, 184. 


Baden, marks used at, 383. 
Baden-Baden, marks used at, 318. 
Bamberg, marks used at, 318. 
Banff, marks used at, 185. 

Barcelona, marks used at, 387. 
Barnstaple, marks used at, 158. 
Bausk, mark used at, 375. 

Bayonne, marks used at, 309. 
Belfast, marks probably used at, 208. 


Belgium, State stamps of, on silver, 361; marks 
on silver of, 361-367. 

Berlin, marks used at, 319. 

Bern, marks used at, 383. 

Besancon, marks used at, 309. 

Biberach, mark used at, 319. 

Bienne, mark used at, 383. 

Bigorne marks in France, 296. 

Birmingham, marks used at, 141-146; Sheffield 
plate made at, 398. 

Boivin, his book on old Paris marks, 296. 

Bologna, mark used at, 370. 

Boroas, marks used at, 378. 

Bordeaux, marks used at, 309. 

Boulsover, Thomas, inventor of Sheffield plate, 
389. 

Bourges, marks used at, 309. 

Bozen, marks used at, 355. 

Bradbury, Frederick, his 
Sheffield Plate, 398. 

Breda, marks used at, 368. 

Bremen, marks used at, 319. 

Breslau, marks used at, 319. 

Bristol, marks used at, 159. 

Britannia standard of silver, in England, 2, 
20, 28, 33; never enforced in Scotland, 169. 

Bruchsal, marks used at, 320. 

Bruges, marks used at, 364. 

Briinn, marks used at, 355. 

Brunswick, marks used at, 320. 

Brussels, marks used at, 360. 

Budapest, marks used at, 359. 

Burgos, marks used at, 387. 

Burgundy, early silversmiths in, 293. 


History of Old 


Caen and Alencon, marks used at, 308. 

Cesar, Julius, brings silversmiths into Gaul, 
293 

Calatayud, marks used at, 387. 

Calcutta, marks used at, 163. 

Canongate (Edinburgh), marks used at, 177. 

Carlisle, marks used at, 162. 


- Cassel, marks used at, 387. 


416 


Castle or castles, the town mark of Bristol, 
Cork, Edinburgh, Exeter, Limerick, Newcas- 
tle, Norwich, and Stirling, 9.0. 

Ch4lons-sur-marne, marks used at, 310. 

Channel Islands, silver of the, 163. 

“Charge” mark on French silver, 295. 

Chester, marks used at, 132-140. 

Christiania, marks used at, 374. 

Christianstad, marks used at, 379. 

Church silver in England, 4-6. 

Coinage, debasement of in England, 3, 4. 

Coire, marks used at, 384. 

Colchester, marks used at, 159. 

Colmar, mark used at, 321. 

Cologne, marks used at, 321, 322. 

Commonwealth period in England, scarcity of 

silver during, 7. 

Coney, John, American silversmith, 235. 

Copenhagen, marks used at, 366, 367. 

Cordova, mark used at, 387. 

Cork, marks used at, 204-207. 

Cornwall and Devon, marks used at, 160, 161. 

Corufia, La, mark used at, 387. 

Cracow, marks used at, 355. 

Criminal prosecutions in England, 16. 


Dagebiill, marks used at, 322. 

Danzig, marks used at, 322. 

Darmstadt, marks used at, 322. 

Date letters, introduced in England, 11; in- 
troduced in France, 294; varied for French 
provincial towns, 295. 

Davenstadt, marks used at, 323. 

Decoration, added to old English sive 10; 
applied to Philadelphia silver, 236. 

Denmark, marks on silver of, 366, 367. 

Description of England, by the Reverend Wil- 
liam Harrison, 5. 

Dessau, marks used at, 323. 

Devon and Cornwall, marks used at, 160, 161. 

Dijon, marks used at, 310. 

Dillingen, marks used at, 323 

“Discharge” mark on French silver, 295. 

Dixwell, John, American silversmith, 235. 

Dokkum, mark used at, 368. 

Domestic articles of silver, use in England, 4, 8 

Dorchester, marks used at, 159. 

Dordrecht, marks used at, 368. 

Dorpat, mark used at, 375. 

“Double plate” Sheffield, its meaning, 39°. 

Dresden, marks used at, 323, 324. 

Dublin, marks used at, 191-203. 

Dummer, Jeremiah, American silversmith, 236. 

Dundee, marks used ap iss. 

risa St., patron saint of English Soca, 


Diisseldorf, marks used at, 325. 


General Indes ae 


7 ae Hedemora, ane Ln marks: 


Engen, mark used at, 326. ae 


: Frankfort-on-Main, marks used” “at, 3 


-Freising, marks used at, 329. 


Eger, marks used at, 355. 


Duty marks on divas reales ma 
20, 30, 31; France, 2 204-296; Ireland, J 
(footnote). 

Edinburgh, marks used at, 169 1 
assaying and marking silver plate, 


Einsiedeln, marks used at, pri Mees 


t, 379: on 
Blberleld, mark ei at, 326. see 
Elbing, marks used at, 325. 
Elgin, marks used at, 184. | 
Elizabeth, Queen of England, imports oe 

in reign of, 53 household silver used it reig 

of, 6, 8. Nea Ps 
Eloi, St., patron saint of, French 

293; Guild of, 395.) ee 
Emden, marks used at, 326. . 


England, silver of, 1-163. | 
Enkhuizen, mark ‘used at, eed inc” 3 
Ensko, Stephen G.-C. hue: Am can S: 
smiths and Their Marks, 239. & 
Erfurt, marks used at, 326. . 
Essen, marks used at, 326. 
Eutin, mark used at, 326. 
EByora, mark used at, 373. 
Exeter, assay office ‘established, 8 
used at, aia #3 


F in an oval, a mark bene in : Cresta i 
identify foreign silver, 33 (footnote). 
Farmer of the Revenue in France, 294, 29 
Fawdery, William, London silversmith 
Ferrara, marks used at, 436. 
Fish, tree, and bell, town mark ok 
Fleur-de-lis, “punch of guarantee” 
French silver, 294; dimidiated, : 
town mark of York, 106. 
Florence, marks used at, 370. — 
Forgeries of marks on ates 
in America, 235. 5s 
Forks, introduced in England, ny 
France, silver of, 293-314. ; 
Frankenstein, mark used at, jab. 


ix 


Frankfort-on-Oder, mney used at, Sa 


Freiburg (Baden), m 
Freiburg (Saxony), marks oe 


Friedberg, mark used at, Ke 
Fulda, mark used at, 329. 
Firth, mark used at, see re 


i 


General Index 417 


Gebweiler, mark used at, 329. 
Gefle, marks used at, 379. 
Geislingen, mark used at, 329. 
Geneva, marks used at, 384. 
Genoa, marks used at, 371. 
Germany, silver of, 315-354. 
Ghent, marks used at, 364. 
Glasgow, marks used at, 178-181. 
Glatz, mark used at, 329. 
Glogau, mark used at, 329. 
Gmund, marks used at, 329. 
Gnoien, mark used at, 329. 
Gold, hallmarking of in England, 31 (footnote). 
Goldsmiths in England recognized as a corpo- 
rate body, 3. 
Gorlitz, marks used at, 330. 
Gotha, marks used at, 330. 
Gothenburg, marks used at, 379 
Gouda, marks used at, 368. 
Grabow, mark used at, 330. 
Gran, mark used at, 359. 
Graz, marks used at, 356. 
Greenock, marks used at, 184. 
Grenoble, marks used at, 310. 
Guimraes, Marks used at, 373. 
Giistrow, marks used at, 330. 


Hague, The, marks used at, 369. 

Halberstadt, marks used at, 330. 

Hall (Austria), marks used at, 356. 

Hall (Germany), marks used at, 331. 

Halle (Saxony), marks used at, 331. 

Hallmarks, absence from English silver no 
proof of fraud, 16; popular misconception 
regarding Sheffield plate, 395. 

Hamburg, marks used at, 331, 332- 

Hanau, marks used at, 333. 

Hanover, marks used at, 333. 

Hanover-Neustadt, marks used at, 333. 

Harrison, the Reverend William, his Description 
of England, 5. 

Harp, crowned, sterling mark of Dublin, 191. 

Hedemora, Eksjé, and Lindesberg, marks used 
at, 379: 

Heidelberg, marks used at, 333. 

Heilbronn, marks used at, 334- 

Henry VII, 3, 4. 

Henry VIII, 4, 5. 

Herzogenbusch’s, marks used at, 369. 

Hibernia, figure of, duty and their town mark 

of Dublin, 193. 

Hildesheim, marks used at, 334. 

Hogarth, William, his influence on the de- 
signing of English silver, 8. 

Holland, silver of, 367-370. 

Hoorn, mark used at, 369. 

Hotzenplotz, mark used at, 356. 


Huguenot silversmiths in England, 9. 
Hull, marks used at, 154. 

Hull, John, “American” silversmith, 235. 
Hungary, silver of, 359-361. 


Iglau, mark used at, 356. 

Ilmenau, mark used at, 334. 

Index to the marks of English, Scotch, and Iris’ 
silversmiths, 211. 

Ingolstadt, marks used at, 334. 

Innsbruck, marks used at, 356. 

Inset plate on Old Sheffield ware, its purpose an‘ 
the popular exaggeration of its value, 396. 

Inverness, marks used at, 187. 

Ireland, silver of, 191-210. 

Irkutsk or Tobolsk, mark used at, 375. 

Italy, silver of, 370-373. 


Jamaica, mark used on the island of, 163. 
Jauer, marks used at, 334. 

Jesse, David, American silversmith, 235. 
Journay, marks used at, 364. 


Kaluga, mark used at, 375. 
Kamenetz-Podolski, mark used at, 375. 
Karlsruhe, marks used at, 334. 
Kaschau, marks used at, 360. 
Kaufbeuren, mark used at, 334. 
Kazan, mark used at, 376. 
Kecskemét, marks used at, 360. 
Kiel, marks used at, 334, 335- 

Kiev, marks used at, 376. 

King’s Lynn, marks used at, 156. 
Kitzingen, marks used at, 335. 
Klagenfurt, marks used at, 356. 
Klausenburg, marks used at, 360. 
Konigsberg, marks used at, 335, 336. 
Konstanz, marks used at, 336, 337. 
Kostroma, mark used at, 376. 
Kremsier, marks used at, 356. 


La Corufia, mark used at, 387. 

Laibach, marks used at, 357. 

Lamerie, Paul, English silversmith, 12. 

Landsberg, mark used at, 337- 

Landshut, marks used at, 337. 

Lausanne, mark used at, 384. 

Ia Rochelle, mark used at, 310. 

Leeds, marks used at, 162. 

Leer, mark used at, 337. 

Leeuwarden, mark used at, 369. 

Leicester, marks used at, 155. 

Leipzig, marks used at, 337, 338. 

Lemberg, marks used at, 357. 

Leon, marks used at, 387. 

Leopard’s head crowned, in a measure restricted 
to articles made in London, 1, 22, 30; used in 
conjunction with town mark in Exeter, 1721- 


418 General Index 


1777, 120-122; used in conjunction with 
town mark in Newcastle, 1721-1845, 127- 
130; used in Chester in conjunction with 
town mark, 1720-1823, 133-137. 

Leopard’s head uncrowned, town mark for 
London after 1821-1822, 32; used in con- 
junction with town mark of Exeter after 
1845, 130; used in conjunction with town 
mark of Chester after 1823-1824, 132; used 
in conjunction with town mark of Newcastle 
after 1845, 130. 

Leutschau, marks used at, 360. 

Lewes, marks used at, 155. 

Liége, marks used at, 365. 

Liegnitz, marks used at, 338. 

Lilies, three growing in a pot, town mark for 
Dundee, 185. 

Limerick, marks used at, 209. 

Limoges enamels sent to Byzantium, 293; 
marks used at, 311. 

Lincoln, marks used at 152, 153. 

Lindesberg, Eksj6, and Hedemora, marks used 
at, 379- ; 
Lion erased, Britannia standard mark in Eng- 

land, 2, 28. 

Lion passant, English sterling mark, 1, 11. 

Lion rampant, sterling mark for Glasgow, 179. 

Lions (five) passant in a cross, town mark for 
York after 1700-1701, 109. 

Lions (three) passant in a shield, town mark 
for Chester, 133. 

Lisbon, marks used at, 373. 

Lissa, marks used at, 338. 

London, marks used at, 22-106. 

Lomza, mark used at, 376. 

Lotige, a measure of quality for silver in Ger- 
many and Austria, 316. 

Louvain, marks used at, 365. 

Liibeck, marks used at, 338, 339- 

Lucca, marks used at, 371. 

Ludwigsburg, marks used at, 339. 

Lulea, marks used at, 379. 

Liineburg, marks used at, 339, 340- 

Luzern, marks used at, 384. 

Lyon, marks used at, 311. 


Madrid, marks used at, 387. 

Maestricht, marks used at, 369. 

Magdeburg, marks used at, 340. 

Mahrisch-Triibau, marks used at, 357. 

Mailand, marks used at, 371. 

Mainz, marks used at, 341. 

Makers’ marks, compulsory in England, 1, 10; 
compulsory in France, 294; form of regulated 
by statute in England 19, 20, 28; on London 
plate, 35-105; in England, Ireland, and Scot- 
land, index to, 211; introduced in France, 293. 


Mannheim, marks used at, 341. 

Mantua, marks used at, 371. 

Marienburg, marks used at, 341. 

Marienwerder, mark used at, 341. 

Markdorf, mark used at, 341. 

Marseilles, marks used at, 311. 

Mechelen, marks used at, 365. 

Memel, mark used at, 341. 

Memmingen, mark used at, 341. 

Mergentheim, mark used at, 341. 

Metz, mark used at, 342. 

Minor guilds of English silversmiths, marks of, 
164; of Irish silversmiths, marks of, 208; 
of Scotch silversmiths, marks of, 182. 

Mitau, mark used at, 376. 

Modena, mark used at, 371. 

Mons, marks used at, 366. 

Montpellier, marks used at, 311. 

Montrose, marks used at, 188. 

Mortmain, statutes of, 4. 

Moulins and Orleans, marks used at, 312. 

Moscow, marks used at, 376. 

Miilhausen (Alsace), marks used at, 342. 

Miilhausen (Saxony), marks used at, 342. 

Munich, marks used at, 342, 343. 

Munoz, mark used at, 387. 

Miinster, marks used at, 343. 


Naples, marks used at, 371. 
Naumburg, marks used at, 343. 
Neisse, marks used at, 343. 
Netherlands, The, silver of, 367-370. 
Neuchatel, marks used at, 384. 
Neusatz, marks used at, 360. 
Neusohl, marks used at, 360. 
Neuveville, mark used at, 384. 
Newcastle, marks used at, 126-131. 
Nicolsburg, marks used at, 357. 
Norden, marks used at, 343. 
Nordlingen, mark used at, 344. 
Norrtélje, marks used at, 379. 
Norway, silver of, 374. 

Norwich, marks used at, 113-117. 
Nuremberg, marks used at, 344. 


Oberglogau, mark used at, 344. 
Ochsenfurt, mark used at, 345. 
Odense, mark used at, 367. 
Offenburg, mark used at, 345. 
Olmiitz, marks used at, 357. 

Oporto, mark used at, 373. 

Orebro, mark used at, 380. 

Orebro, or Arboga, marks used at, 378. 
Orleans and Moulins, marks used at, 312. 
Osnabriick, marks used at, 345. 
Osterode, marks used at, 345. 
Ottingen, mark used at, 345. 


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General Index 


Padenborn, marks used at, 345. 
Palermo, mark used at, 372. 
Paris, marks used at, 297-307. 
Parma, mark used at, 372. 
Passau, marks used at, 345. 
Payerne, marks used at, 384. 
Perm, marks used at, 376. 
Perth, marks used at, 186. 
Pforzheim, marks used at, 345. 
Pig and pendant bell, mark used at Truro, 
Cornwall, 160. 
Plates, silver dinner, introduced in England, 
6; marks forged upon, 13. 
Plymouth, marks used at, 159. 
Poitiers, marks used at, 312. 
Poole, marks used at, 157. 
Portugal, silver of, 373. 
Posen, marks used at, 345. 
Potsdam, marks used at, 346. 
Prague, marks used at, 357. 
Pressburg, marks used at, 360. 
Prussia, state stamps of, 346. 
Pskof, mark used at, 442. 


Queen Anne period of silversmithing, 8. 


Ragusa, marks used at, 358. 

Rapperswil, mark used at, 385. 

Rappoltsweiler, mark used at, 346. 

Ratibor, mark used at, 346. 

Rat-tail spoons, 9. 

Recense mark on French silver, 295. 

Regensburg, marks used at, 346. 

Rennes, marks used at, 312. 

Reval, marks used at, 377. 

Revere, Paul, his marks, 279. 

Riga, marks used at, 377- 

Riom, marks used at, 312. 

Ritzebiittel, mark used at, 346. 

Rochester, marks used at, 155. 

Rome, marks used at, 372. 

Rose crowned, the town mark of Norwich, 113; 
joined with a fleur-de-lis, both dimidiated, 
the town mark of York, 106. 

Rosenheim, mark used at, 347. 

Rostock, marks used at, 347. 

Rotterdam, marks used at, 369. 

Rouen, marks used at, 313. 

Rugg, Richard, his work and marks, 16. 

Russia, silver of, 375-378. 


St. Andrews, marks used at, 187. 

St. Eloi, patron saint of French silversmiths, 
293. 

St. Germain, marks used at, 313. 

St. Petersburg, marks used at, 377. 

Salad servers (transformations), 14. 


419 


Salisbury, marks used at, 157. 

Salzburg, marks used at, 358. 

Saragossa, marks used at, 388. 

Scallop shell, mark of Poole, 18, 157. 

Schaffhausen, marks used at, 385. 

Scharding, marks used at, 358. 

Schemnitz, marks used at, 361. 

Schorndorf, mark used at, 347. 

Schweidnitz, marks used at, 347. 

Schweinfurt, marks used at, 347. 

Schwerin, marks used at, 347, 413. 

Scotland, silver of, 169-190; See Table of 
Contents. 

Sheffield, marks used on silver of, 147-151. 

Sheffield rolled plate, history of, 389, ff; 
identification of genuine, 391, 392; often 
unmarked, 398; the term applied to “close 
plated” articles of steel and britannia ware, 
397; makers of permitted to register names 
and marks under statute of 1784, 3995 
peculiarities of marking, 399; silver wire 
used to mask copper edge, 391; restoration 
of, 394; made in France, marks upon, 395; 
names and marks of makers, 400-411. 

Sherborne, marks used at, 157. 

Shrewsbury, marks used at, 156. 

Single initial used as a mark by London silver- 
smiths, 2. 

“Single plate” Sheffield, the term defined, 390. 

Sion, marks used at, 385. 

Skewers, fraudulent, 13. 

Séderhamn, 380. 

Soissons, mark used at, 313. 

Soissons and Amiens, mark used at, 308. 

Solmona, marks used at, 372. 

Spoons made in England, types of, 9. 

Spain, silver of, 387, 388. 

Speier, marks used at, 347. 

Stadthamhof, mark used at, 348. ; 

Stag’s head, town mark of Cannongate (Edin- 
burgh), 177. 

“Starling,” an equivalent of “Sterling” used 
in Ireland, 204-209. 

“Sterling,” used as a mark in England, 132. 

Sterling standard in England, 2, 28, 132. 

Stettin, mark used at, 348. 

“Stirling,” a variation of “Sterling.” See “Star- 
ling.” 

Stirling, marks used at, 183. 

Stockholm, marks used at, 380; date letters 
used at, 381. 

Stolberg-Wernigerode, marks used at, 348. 

Storr, Paul, English silversmith, his mark 
forged, 13, 20. 

Sursee, marks used at, 385. 


_ Stralsund, marks used at, 348. 


Strasburg, marks used at, 348, 349. 


420 General Index 


Straubing, marks used at, 350. 
Stuttgart, marks used at, 350. 

Suhl, marks used at, 350. 

Sweden, silver of, 378-382. 
Switzerland, silver of, 383-386. 
Symbols, used as marks in England, 1. 


T and a tun or barrel, the town mark of Taun- 
ton, 156. 

’ Tain, marks used at, 188. 

Taunton, marks used at, 156. 

Tea and coffee sets introduced in England, 7. 

Tea-kettles, with lamps, used in England, 6. 

Temesvar, marks used at, 361. 

The Hague, marks, used at, 369. 

Thistle, the sterling mark of Edinburgh, 169. 

Thorn, marks used at, 350. 

Thun, marks used at, 385. 

Tilsit, marks used at, 351. 

Tobolsk or Irkutsk, mark used at, 375. 

Tittmoning, mark used at, 351. 

Toledo, marks used at, 388. 

Torgau, marks used at, 351. 

Torshalla, marks used at, 382. 

Toulouse, mark used at, 313. 

Toulouse and Montauban, marks used at, 
313. 

Tours, marks used at, 314. 

Trebnitz, mark used at, 351. 

Tree, fish, and bell, town mark of Glasgow, 
178. 

Trieste, marks used at, 358. 

Troppau, marks used at, 358. 

Truro, marks used at, 160. 

Tubingen, marks used at, 351. 

Tula, marks used at, 377. 

Turin, marks used at, 373. 

Tuttlingen, mark used at, 351. 

Tver, marks used at, 378. 


Uberlingen, marks used at, 351. 

Ulricehamn, marks used at, 382. 

Ulm, marks used at, 352. 

Unascribed marks, British, 164-168; Irish, 
189, 190; Scotch, 210. 

Utrecht, marks used at, 369, 370. 


Vaseteras, mark used at, 382. 
Velburg, mark used at, 352. 
Venice, marks used at, 373. 
Verden, mark used at, 373. 
Versailles, mark used at, 314. 
Vevey, marks used at, 385. 
Vienna, marks used at, 358, 359. 
Villingen, marks used at, 353. 
Vilna, marks used at, 378. 
Vladimir, mark used at, 378. 
Vlissingen, mark used at, 370. 
Vologda, mark used at, 378. 


Walk, mark used at, 378. 

Waren, mark used at, 353. 

Wartha, mark used at, 353. 

Weilheim, marks used at, 353. 

Weimar, marks used at, 353. 

Wertheim, marks used at, 353. 

Wesel, mark used at, 353. 

Wheatsheaves (three), with a sword erect 
between, town mark of Chester, 132-140. 

Wiborg, marks used at, 353. 

Wick, marks used at, 184. 

Winterthur, marks used at, 385. 

Wismar, marks used at, 353. 

Wolfenbiittel, marks used at, 353. 

Worms, marks used at, 354. 

Wiirzburg, marks used at, 354. 

Wurzen, mark used at, 354. 


Yaroslaf, mark used at, 375. 
Yawl, town mark of Youghal, 208. 
York, marks used at, 106-112. 
Ypres, marks used at, 366. 

Ystad, marks used at, 382. 


Zerbst, marks used at, 354. 
Zittau, marks used at, 354. 
Znaim, mark used at, 359. 

Zug, marks used at, 386. 

Zurich, marks used at, 452. 
Zweirbriicken, mark used at, 354. 
Zwickau, marks used at, 354. 
Zwolle, marks used at, 370. 


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Authoritative Opinions on 
“OLD SILVER & OLD SHEFFIELD PLATE” 
by 


HowarpD PITCHER OKIE 


Of this book THE CONNOISSEUR, the premier collectors’ magazine 
of England says: =e 


“Mr. Okie’s book occupies an honorable position midway between 
such exhaustive treatises on old silver as the monumental but unwieldy 
works of Rosenberg and Sir Charles Jackson, and the gossipy ‘chats’ 
and ‘guides.’ This latest addition to the literature of a gigantic sub- 
ject—it is rather a group of subjects—is readable; it is authoritative 
and as nearly exhaustive as such a production can be. It is scarcely 
too much to say that it is an entire library in one volume. 


“Tn a series of chapters the author takes a comprehensive survey of 
the various fields of study under consideration—English, Continental 
and American silver, Sheffield plate and their methods of manufacture, 
styles of decoration and kindred maiters. He further devotes a long 
chapter to that nightmare subject ‘Frauds and Transiormations.’ 

“Primarily intended as a guide for collectors, the greater part of 
Mr. Okie’s 436 pages is occupied by lists of makers’ marks, English, 
Continental and American. The list of American makers, it is stated, 
is much longer than any previously printed. The book is completed 
by a very full index and illustrated with twelve full-page plates. The 
printing, binding, and make-up are worthy of the subject.” 


THE BOSTON TRANSCRIPT: 


“Seldom in America does a writer attempt to discuss the subject of 
old English Silver. Mr. Okie not only ventures, but because of his 
intimate knowledge of the topic, he contributes a valuable aid to the 
study of marks and designs used by the silversmiths of England... . 
He then launches into a check list of American makers and their 
marks which is the most comprehensive yet to be published anywhere. 
_. . His discussion of Sheffield plate is most comprehensive and en- 
lightening.” 


THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR: 


“Many ponderous volumes have been printed on the subject of 
marks found on old silver in different countries and many are the. 
difficulties which students meet in their attempts to discover and clas- 
sify all the available data. Rosenberg’s four volume German publica- 
tion dealing with Continental hall-marks other than French is typical 
of this class of reference books. 

“Sir Charles Jackson has done a similar service for England and 
Ireland. The Walpole Society published several years ago a valuable 
volume on the silversmiths of the American colonies. A book which 
has come to our desk is a compilation of data concerning marks which 
is found elsewhere only perhaps in a half a dozen volumes, American, 
English and European. This makes a highly useful book of reference, 
more desirable for its compactness and moderate cost than the several 
publications from which it is drawn. Its title is ‘Old Silver and Old 
Sheffield Plate,’ and the price is $15.00. 

“In looking over this book with George C. Gebelein, the widely 
known silversmith and dealer in old silver, he found it highly commend- 
able for the completeness and the arrangement of marks on Conti- 
nental plate. These are arranged not only by countries, but by prov- 
inces. He finds the list of American silversmiths here to be much 
longer than that in any previous publication. Evidentally, Mr. Okie 
has fresh information concerning many of these names. It brings 
within the contents of a single volume, practically all that is known 
concerning the marks which silversmiths have placed on their products 
for the last 450 years in Great Britain and from the earliest dates of 
record in France, Germany, Holland, Austria, Russia, as well as other 
European countries. It also includes the marks of all the makers of 
Sheffield plate. As a reference book for the collector or for any public 
library, large or small, we believe it should be and will be heartily wel- 
comed and highly popular.” 


Ida Gilbert Myers in the WASHINGTON STAR: 


“Here is a textbook for the use of the amateur of old silver, of old 
Sheffield plate. Despite its distinction of make-up, despite its impres- 
sive book personality, it, by virtue of its substance, meets first of all 
the needs of the one who ‘wants to know.’ Clearly, such is the primary 
office of the textbook. It certainly is a glorified instrument of learning, 
however. The paper, the print, the illustrations, the binding—all de- 


clare this to be of the very elite of its class. A beautiful thing just 
to look at, to leaf over, to handle. . . . The whole gives evidence 
of the competency, and the enthusiasm, of the author in providing 
this completed field of study for others who, possessing the interest, 
have hitherto not known where to go for further information on what 
looks like a most fascinating subject. Living in Washington, one has 
the advantage of being able to objectify the contents of this book at 
the studio of the author. And, otherwhere, is one able also to follow 
the expert guidance of the book in a novel exploration of a field, new 
to the commonalty, but, nevertheless, a field that offers clear delight. 
The authoritative quality of this study in old silver, with its complete 
inclusion of the field under consideration, with its definite instruction 
and means of verification—these, too, seems to me, constitute the 
distinction of this major work upon the subject of old Sheffield plate.” 


THE BALTIMORE SUN: 


“Tt is, of course, of great interest and profit to the collector or to 
the owner of a single piece of early American that he possess authorita- 
tive and undisputable knowledge as to the genuineness of his interesting 
silver or plate. And in this comprehensive volume Mr. Okie has done 
all such a great and lasting service. No less than sixty-odd Baltimore 
silversmiths with their marks are mentioned, and the whole list of 
American silversmiths and their marks, to which an entire chapter of 
fifty pages is devoted, makes it possible to identify as genuine the work 
of the early and Colonial silversmiths, some of whom had several ways 
of signing the product of their craft. 

‘No less valuable is Mr. Okie’s research in the field of English and 
European design. In an interesting and readable manner he tells 
the story. The chapter on frauds and transformations is most enter- 
taining. An intelligent and skillful index to the book makes it a de- 
light to the student.” 


THE PUBLIC LEDGER (Philadelphia) : 


“The collector of old silver need never be fooled by bogus antiques 
if he has access to Howard Pitcher Okie’s recently published ‘Old Sil- 
ver and Old Sheffield Plate,’ . . . for although Mr. Okie’s handsome 


volume is a history of the art of the siiversmith in Great Britain: and 
Ireland he has been most concerned with the necessary means of identi- 
fication. Therefore he includes in Ais book upward of 13,000 marks 
of English silversmiths, besides those of America, Paris and virtually all 
of the countries of Continental Europe. The process of making. old 
Sheffield is described in full and a list of names and marks of every 
known maker is added. The volume is illustrated with twelve full 
page plates.” 


ed 


ANTIQUES (Boston) : 


‘““An invaluable book.” 


The book is not a mere collection of marks. The chapters on 
“Frauds and Transformations” French Silver, Old Sheffield, e*c., em- 
body years of commercial experience in the markets at home and 
abroad. Itisa handsomely bound volume of 436 pages. Heavy black 
saat binding, stamped | in gold foil and enclosed in a slip case. It is 

1/4” by 10” in size and will be sent to you post-paid for $15.00. 
és gs. in England.) 


Mr. Charles Allen Smart has seid of it: “Mr. Howard Pitcher Okie, 
the eminent authority has produced.in OLD SILVER AND OLD 
SHEFFIELD PLATE a book comprehensive in range, authoritative 
in information a product of vears of study and practical experience. 
It is a work probably never to be superseded.” 


Judge A. T. Clearwater—the owner of the magnificent collection of 
silver in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, bearing his name, says that 
this book “‘is a most invaluable, concise and accurate treatment of the 
entire field which it covers, and furnishes to collectors an indispensable 
guide to the making of collections of which it treats.” 


Send your order (with a check, if you have no charge account) to 


THE OKIE GALLERIES, 


OKIE BUILDING, 1640 Conne= sticut Avenue, Washington, D. C. 


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